北洋政府  (1865 AD～1936 AD)

Name and Alias：	芝泉
Web/Pen/Nick Name：	正道老人
Township：	安徽合肥
Start End Reign 1924 AD 1926 AD 

　　Tianjin Military Academy, has studied the art of war Duan Qi-rui, geography, military devices, batteries, algorithms, mapping and other new courses. In 1887, he was the "best in class" results from Tianjin Military Academy graduate. The spring of 1889, Duan Qirui other 5 to Germany to military officials Feirubolin. System with a year and a half in learning theory courses, Duan Qirui then deployed into a separate Krupp gun factory to learn six months (the other 4 early return home). Krupp gun factory was the world first-class arsenal, he was seen and heard here, with the opportunity to practice benefit. By the end of 1890, Duan Qirui studies abroad, serving Northern arsenal. The following year, transferred to Weihai, either with the business school instructors.
　　January 1912, to the bourgeois revolutionaries led by Sun Yat-sen in Nanjing Provisional Government set up the Republic of China. From January 23 onwards, Duan Qirui a alternate word for the court, that the idea of republicanism "can not contain the situation quite exuberant," 26, he joint the Northern Group of 46 senior officers, and also sent the Cabinet on behalf of the player power to directly request the clear ting "Please specify drop imperial decrees, declared foreign, standing republican form of government", the message also suggests that "the cabinet and is now temporarily on behalf of the Minister of State, etc. ... ... re-convene Parliament, organized a republican government." Obviously, this is aside the established Nanjing Provisional Government, which will be directly next to the power transfer from the Qing Dynasty to the Yuan approach. February 5, Duan Qirui it the first joint military co-president of more than 8 general power to issue on behalf of the player, called "Republic of body, so the king and the original Yao and Shun, save the people from untold miseries. The extent that 23 kings and a alternate to obstruct and Enzhi not awarded, and the people trapped, "" Ray, etc. also can not bear to buildings or have this scum, "the" rate of all the soldiers into the capital, and vocal kings and profile control ", and its headquarters moved from the Hubei Xiaogan back to Baoding. The next on the "23 Princes" by the soldiers on the court admonished the style tactics really come true. February 12, Empress Dowager of "Xuantong Emperor" award on behalf of abdication Chao, Qing dynasty was finally overthrown. Feb. 15, Yuan Shikai was elected as the Republic of China Nanjing Provisional Senate provisional president, followed by Duan Qi-rui Yuan appointed to the army chief, as chief commander Yuan Shikai regime.
　　Yuan to step down, to re-establish nominal Republican. Duan Qirui also boarded the potential peak power - as prime minister and the central government gradually took over all military and political power.
　　Paragraph in the Lebanon war has been relegated to Tianjin to Beijing Duan Qi-rui Zhang Xun nature of the holy grail, but also the restoration of its own Pu Yi heard. "Zhang Xun restoration" to Duan Qi-rui resort to force to create a perfect excuse to stage a comeback. Duan Qirui immediately organized in Tianjin, "Tao Ni Army" General Headquarters, to serve as commander in chief, to segment your Chi, Cao Kun, and sub-office East, West Commander, Wu Pei-fu to the Front commander, and swearing at the horse factory "Tao Ni "Prime Minister also resume his power to re-form a cabinet. In the "Tao Ni Army" powerful offensive, the "pigtail army" quickly failed, Zhang Xun in the 12th was forced to avoid Ruhe Lan embassy. This "restoration" is a farce staged for 12 days, however. July 14, Duan Qirui triumph still here, back in control of the central government. August 10, 1918, Duan Qirui currency reform. 1919, Fourth Movement, Beijing Duan Qirui control pro-Japanese government, was targeted. The suppression of the student movement, but also provoked angry condemnation the whole country. Straight, two-line Feng timely use of the National People's sentiments against the Beijing government began to back off from Anhui military campaign aimed at combating the rapid development of the Anhui clique military force against Duan Qirui force to reunify China policy. Early 1920, July 14, until the outbreak of war Anhui.
　　November mid-Feng, Chang Tso-lin, Duan Qirui meeting in Tianjin, decided to organize the Republic of China Interim Executive Government to the Provisional Ruling Duan Qi-rui. November 24, Duan Qirui inauguration Iron Lion alley in Beijing, site of the Executive Department of the Army at the government office. In view of the past, a alternate "Disputes of Government", the "Provisional Government" system is the president, prime minister one, provided both the power of both the interim ruling. Duan Qirui commanding power on the surface, free from any constraint, in fact, because of their own have little military strength, while the Fengtien Yu Mao Zhengfeng, Gyeonggi National Army then stationed, he had by Chang Tso-lin, Feng Yuxiang cue. Less than before, Duan Qirui this "power" in name but not a matter of fact, his administrative activities and more subject to constraints. March 18, 1926, Beijing students, workers, citizens and other people in Tiananmen Square staged massive public opposition to the eight "ultimatum" of the National Assembly, after the demonstrations. When the teams to iron lion alley in front of the Executive Government and the State Council petition, the Executive Government Guard without any warning, live-fire team to the petition, flesh and blood flying immediately, resulting in 47 deaths and 100 injuries. This is what shocked the world, "318" tragedy.
　　Duan Qirui to Shanghai, the World Society for the beginning of Apartments, soon moved to the National Government Avenue Joffre President of the Senate Armed Services Committee, Chen stressed the military element mansion. Here he specifically intended to recite, adhere to a vegetarian.