Read works of Gippius at 诗海 | |||
吉皮乌斯The poems in the show between the two poles of human life hesitation hesitation, floating suspended state, it also reflects the poet have on the existence of "the eternal poetic desire," and living in misery chewing sweet, looking for hope in the despair of pride.
Life experiences
Silver Age Russian poetry was another called "Sappho," the poet is Tina by 达吉皮乌斯 (Zinaida Gipius ,1869-1945). About the poet, Bo Liu Soff that "Ms. Gippius are our most distinguished artists of the column. Her poetry is as if concentrated, powerful language, with clear, sensitive image, outline of a modern mind all the experience, "Annenski claimed that her writing" has a lyrical modernism our full 15-year history. " The two giants of symbolism in her poetry to such a high rating, we can see her in Russian poetry in the history of modern literature's position that can not be ignored.
Shortly after their marriage, they came to Petersburg. Under her husband's referral, Gippius quickly into Petersburg literary circles, her "Northern Review" published on his debut. 1904, published his first collection of poems "Poems 1889-1903", this collection of poems a lot of revenue at the time to shock the world works, such as: "I'm brutal and ruthless way, it brought me to death. Can I love myself, the like the love of God, love will save my soul, "" love, only once, like only one of the dead "," I pursue the things I know nothing about, ... ... I pursue things you see that it is not the world. " Thematically, Gippius's poems in general and the "old generation" poet the same symbolism, describing loneliness, love, death, personality, human powerlessness, God and beast of the intertwined and entangled, and so on. In poetic language, she likes the use of the imperative, direct express feelings, but pay attention to in the poem into the deep philosophy, there is concern the fundamental problem, in a bid to pursue a limited unlimited chance to look at the necessity, in the depths of despair, hope to capture.
In 1901, philosopher 别尔嘉耶夫 organized religion - Philosophy Association, Gippius couple is its first participants. As for their home, "Moroz House", has become one of the cultural center of St. Petersburg, Russia was seen as a piece of intellectual oasis. Sharon's mistress also won the "Petersburg's Sappho," "decadent Lady," "skirt Russia Luther," "green eyes Mermaid" and "Russia's Cassandra," such names. Gippius according to their religion, to divide human history into three phases, the first stage is the Father, that is, "Old Testament" times, it was the human experience of God's power and authority, understanding of the world the stage of truth; second stage is the Son Jesus stages, "New Testament" era, but also the times we now live, love at this stage as a symbol of truth; third stage is the stage of the Holy Spirit, eternal Women - Our Lady of stages, "the third is about" the times, it was the future of humanity, and freedom will become a symbol of love, to that time, all the contradictions in human existence - sex and abstinence, slavery and freedom, hate and love, atheism and religion, etc., will be resolved. Throughout the history of Russian poetry, Gippius may be regarded as the most religious sense one of the great poet, she believes that human nature the most natural and most pressing need is prayer. In her mind, the truth or the quest for truth, than human happiness, she declared in the poem: "I am not happy for you to pray, I pray that the contents of the well-being than noble."
Dissatisfaction with the Tsar's autocratic rule and the corruption of bureaucrats, Gippius heartfelt desire to change in their country, eager to revolutions, in the hope of change from the revolution and create a new Russia. To this end, she enthusiastically cheered the arrival of the revolution in February 1917. However, she soon felt disappointed, wrote in his diary: "This heavy pressure by the slave who in the past the 'free' too cruel." She understood the spirit of revolution is the revolution, are the level of religious revolution. However, the reality of the vulgar, violent and bloody and far between her ideals, so that she could not accept the ensuing Revolution. Early in 1920, Gippius and her husband Melezh Kefusiji illegal exit. Since the end of 1921, it will have been living in Paris. They continue to promote in Paris, "the third is about" and "new Christian" in the spirit of the religion - philosophy body "green community", held Sharon "Literature Sunday", around the cluster in a large number of their intellectual elite nationals , for the first wave of alien literature played a role in fueling the.
His later years, she has always insisted the writing, leaving two excellent memoirs, "living faces" and "Demetrius Liege Kefusiji." She left last poem is: "Finally a pine tree to be lit. / Black wooden pier in the following highlights. / Now, it will soon disappear. / Near the end of the day gone. / Day disappear . What's inside day? / I do not know, it flew away like birds generally. / It is just a normal day, / But, ah, after all - gone. "
Religion
Gippius is a very pure religious poet, the Russian Symbolist poetry is one of the inheritance. She calls God who passionately loves poetry clear and bright, image dilation, little obscure place; her to religious themes with the image-intensive and unrestrained. Poet, sometimes crying out loud, "God, my God, the sun, Where Are You?" ("August"), sometimes indulging in "the world at the moment no other / Only God, the sky and I" ("moment"), sometimes full of ego to claim that "I'm like God, eager to know everyone's all" ("pedestrians"), this yearning for perfection even on the high coverage of her strong native consciousness, which is almost a common feature of the Russian scholar . Russian lyric poetry tradition since the nineteenth century on the Western spirit in the two sources - Greek and Hebrew culture - showing the independence between the winter of pride and hesitation, philosophizing lack Wenqing surplus, Gippius's there exacerbates the tendency. She never forgets to place itself under the eyes of God, put God the Father - the Holy Spirit - Son Trinity theological system, and that this marked only a remote system, firmly into her parcel.
Powerful religious background of surging passion gave birth to a poem, but also highlights the poet in the local compatriots - "Poetry Sun Tzu" Ehematuo baby and Tsvetaeva Distinct before the Department. Whether it is Arafat's "Requiem" or the Heights's "date", the magnificent colors of women with mildly perfect harmony, but in Gippius numerous to the theme of love poems, with their gender identity is always ambiguities. Most of these poems to narrative tone of a man, love and be loved by key features are hazy. 1903 "The Kiss", is perhaps the most pure form Gippius a love poem: "Annie, when can I smile / charming around your lips? / Do not be scared, like timid fish run / how kind of the future - I do not know. "gentle lips, unable to remain still beating heart," slip of the kiss, "the poet seems to mark the moment of closest love, but it is limited to the endless love close - just as the general relationship between the poet and God. Full of the passion of love that the hero could not help encourage each other, "look at me, do not be afraid, my eyes more than pure", but his heart is still in the recollection of "how beautiful the moment of promise." While the youth can not restrain the impulse to one side is almost stationary near normal; the words out between the penetration warm breath, as if one form of a long kiss of all.
Gippius's secret in the "hole gap" has been clear in a poem: "I only love in the world of non-human things, / I love her ... ... she and you - is a part of." According to my understanding, where "you" should refer to God (in another poem, "Love", to refer to God as "he" - "your way, pain and laughter of the people, / We have to He went ");" of doing things non-human, "said her secular love not satisfied. Poet to think of myself as human love, there consciously avoided the intimate relations, lingering in her mind is a symbol of metaphysical love, combine it with the religious pursuit, as the God-given human well-being of the evidence of the illusion . So she tried not to intervene themselves completely into love narrative, and in addition to the plot while maintaining the sense of a religious preacher and lonely state. In both, pulling power, she involuntarily put himself in the position of men in love, take the initiative to close, unable to control themselves to impulse, but made no mention of women of color with tears and laughter - love to the concentration When the natural crystal. Love is the ultimate state of unity and love of God. To the "freedom" in a poem, Gippius declared to the people so the exact relationship between her and God: "I just to her son's name / call of God, the creator of life."
Not long ago, I finally Gippius's diary read this passage: "I do not want to clear female characteristics, the same men do not want distinct characteristics. All the time there are people who resent me - around in a woman My side of the active women, with men with the men's side active! me in my thoughts, desires, more like a spirit in man; but in the body - I was a woman. two intertwined, I was their uncertainty.
"I love to kiss and that as a move towards the (purely physical) forms the first step of the 'kiss' very different; my kiss towards true love."
At this point, Gippius's "tendency" seems self-evident. But I am more concerned about is her so-called "true love" (real love) - in my opinion, this love only as a part of Pilgrim's existence, the spiritual world as a poet exists an infinite expansion of the boundary marker. When she set when the seats belong to God, not so much that God is omniscient and omnipotent master of all things, which will eventually presided over the trial were, rather, he is a symbol of light and good, one of this world can exist infinitely close to the transcendent, or can be replaced with the highest level of the spiritual world; the same time, "this world" is people can not easily abandoned, and practice ethical responsibility to the stage. Therefore, Gippius from Germany received support Paul Tillich, who advocated "absolute faith", a "God beyond God," who advocate for themselves to find the ultimate basis of existence - "the existence courage. " We see Gippius's poems in their own stubbornly call of God, expressed in the poem at the end of himself to God's wishes, aspirations and Tillich echoes. "All desire, the desire far and near - / is a great cast ring. / My desire, like the fire of the wind, / is like a hurricane, like Way Station and the infinite." ("Night") - is "female" complete absence of the Department, the surge of "presence" itself heroic.
Translated by Google