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[Zhu Xi's Literary Theory]
Northern Song Dynasty, there had prose writer and literary perspectives Neo contradictions and conflicts. Generally speaking, ancient
Though the text also stresses were imposed San Road, but they sometimes will "Road" to a more broad understanding of the text while they
Art has its own preferences. As for the preferences of like Han Yu Tang unassuming, out of Buddhism and Song Su Shi, his personality personality are
Obviously incompatible with the orthodox Confucian self-cultivation areas. The Neo is the inward moral purification as the fundamental purpose of life
Standard, to any kind of spirit, greedy as the risk of life, so two-way directly proposed the "Writing Road harm" and essay
Also "Wanwusangzhi" argument (see "two-way suicide note.")
Also, because they have to Confucianism as a prose writer in the banner, so it can be pointed out that classical Road home were not complete even assumed Road
To false. To the Southern Song Dynasty, Confucianism more Shing, and the emergence of the synthesized master Zhu Xi, this disdain and even cancellation of Literature
Theory expounded by him had broader implications.
Zhu Xi (1130-1200) character night, No. Huian, Wuyuan County (now part of Jiangxi Province) who, sojourning Jianyang (this is a blessing
Construction), the rank of former Migexiuzhuan. As philosophers, ethicists, Zhu Xi, the thought has complex content, including
Zhu Xi's theory including the core proposition "preserving the natural and human desire", its original meaning is not the hope for the survival of future generations from the emperor
Home "Justice" and destroy others "Desire." However, the existence of Zhu Xi's thought also to be later transformed into the ruling ideology of the emperor
Foundation, this foundation is: he feudal ethics, benevolence and abstract as high a priori the "Justice" and asked people
We get rid of selfish desires, get rid of all the temptations of the material world, through sincerity, Oneself, people of purification and return complex
"Justice." This is his view of the basic starting point of literature.
Song Neo-Confucian Zhu Xi is the most literary training of one person. "ZHUAIYULE" addressed each of the previous generation poets have unique
Opinion. Such as "the Tao Shi, everyone is dull, it was a proud place to see him, but come not feel uninhibited ear"; it on
Bai Yun:
"Happy people say its lofty, in fact, love official. Poetry and wealth Department who are all right out of mouth Jinjin in saliva." Eye
Light is a sophistication. The poems are also considerable, as people familiar with the "Spring":
Sheng Fang Surabaya on searching the shore of infinite moment the new circumstances. Truthfulness east side, flowered always spring.
Neo from unusual natural phenomena like the philosophy of perception, often justified interest in poetry. Yang Wanli's poetry, on and Science
The respected family "living law" is related to Zhu Xi, I also wrote many poems of this type.
But such literary training does not prevent the principles of Confucianism of Zhu Xi's position on standing view of literature. First of all, as he did on the text
School for the optional things, had made: "People nowadays do not lecture reason, only to learn poetry, the second meaning has been down. ... ... Will learn today
Very good, then what use to be? Say worse. "(" ZHUAIYULE ") He also objected to the literature of a talent
Of performance, such as the various masters in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, Zeng Gong is most lacking in the literature as to temperament and the most talent of Su Shi, Zhu Xi
Comment was: "once the text has more Jun Jie, Nan Fung, although discussions have Qianjin Department, he has just flat. To get Dongpo, will hurt the
Coincidentally, discussions improper Office. "(Ibid.)
In "Matter in reading an article entitled" Zhu Xi on the literati since ancient times and today made a brief evaluation. First so-called "Meng Ke's
No, St. school lost, world people in the back end of this trend, "it is said to take Confucian made on the later people in general negative.
Then listed, including Zhuang, Qu Yuan, Sima Qian to the Western Han Dynasty Warring States, including many important academicians and writers, said he
Although their "first, then asked for the actual words," but "Only one out but not without the Road, is a gentleman still, or ashamed of,"
As for Song, Sima Xiangru so, "the one with flashy as yet, no false at all carry on." On the Eastern Han to Tang Dynasty, claimed:
"Tokyo dynasties, the time of the Sui and Tang, a few hundred years more to become more failure, then the benefits to the Road far, no full text without false
On the. "Jingsi worth about.
Han Yu, to orthodoxy casts herself said, then ridiculed the "spacious days of the spirit of Jimi, but also even in past lives Morohito's act" but
And "This is just the text that the two split Road and objects"; As Ouyang Xiu, "the test, the words of his life, instead of acting in reality, the fear of its
The disease has not been free from HAN. "So the final offer for the hui died of septicemia:" Alas, learning the do not speak numbered, custom of the absurd, it could
Sheng Yan also zai! "As he said to just" The ancient sages, carry on their culture can be described as containing ", then the people are not moral
Pure, the article was very little value.
This article lump of debate through the ages, has it really horrible place.
Since the text on the way to Zhu Xi, the most targeted, most influential prose writer in the Tang and Song is criticized. Ancient Tang
The creation of their own cultural characteristics and achievements is not to say, but the concept of literature, the Han Yu Nan as the more regress than O'Sullivan
Han Liu was cautious, which could have made the progress of literature is not any harm. The Neo Italy gone too far enough, even on
Han Liu, O'Sullivan suppressing it. Zhu Xi in particular, look sharp and argumentative rigor, on the prose writer of "Road" are not pure proposed
Severe criticism. In addition to the above cited text, the other as "ZHUAIYULE" in a section, give Xiu "61 Buddhist Biography"
And Su Shi, "Changhua Jun Ling Temple Monument" as an example, denounce their literary habits, scolded: "The ignorance of other people, so
That still might, you normally see themselves as how? That make sense, but to say so, then, is whether to be surprised? View of the sea who can not do anything in the water,
You who can not do anything at the door sage words, clearly the case. We see them so the text would not join. "Much out of two in the hole St.
The door to passion. The life of Zhu Xi lecture at his craft, is widespread on the deterrence literature is really not small, so the Song
International Day table element with "one hundred fifty years after the Song of Science and Art must Hing" in theory (see Yuan Jue, "Mr. Dai Epitaph"). At least
From the prose, the decline of the Southern Song than in the Northern Song Dynasty is very clear.
Since the rise of Neo-Confucianism, Tang classical system would be seriously hurt. Later in the orthodox "classical", such as the Ming Dynasty
The Tang and Song Dynasties, the Qing Dynasty Tong Cheng, Tang and Song are not directly Pullman classics, they are tainted with the smell of Taoism. Tong Cheng
Sent the mountains of the motherland Song Fang Bao learn more directly that Confucian classics for its not just to be there on warning (see the following
Section). Therefore, the "Truth" for the purpose of the classical theory of connections to the Southern Song has become a decline.
(History of Chinese Literature, Pei Luo Yu, youth sweep school)
Translated by Google