西汉 List of Authors
Liu BangLi AnLi YannianHuo Qubing
Yang XiongSima QianLiu XiangKong Anguo
Gao TangshengZhang LiangHan HuidiHan Qianshaodi
Lv HouLiu HongHan WendiHan Jingdi
Han WudiHan ZhaodiChang YiwangHan Xuandi
Han YuandiHan ChengdiHan AidiHan Pingdi
Ru ZiyingDong XianTian AnmingYu Dingguo
Huo GuangBing JiZhao PonuSu Wu
Tian FenXu ChangZhuang QingdiDan Qing
Gongsun HeTian QianqiuWei QingHan Anguo
Zhang ShangPū ShiRen KuanSang Hongyang
Jin RidiShangguan JieWang CangKong Cang
Li GanZhang QianChao CuoZhou Yafu
Zhao ChongguoHan XinFu Sheng
Chao Cuo
西汉  (200 BC154 BC)
Township: 颍川

  Chao Cuo (200 BC ---- 154 BC), when Emperor Wen of Han Chinese think tank. Yingchuan (now the Henan Yu Chao Xi shop south county) people. When Emperor Wen of Han, Chao Cuo for any outstanding literary talent too often stories, after successive Prince Scheeren, Ph.D., Prince Edward Home Order (Prince teacher), Yin literature. Prince of teaching received in the deep, extraordinary eloquence was crown prince Liu (later emperor) revered as a "think tank." 156 AD, the emperor ascended the throne, as the internal history of spin put Chao Cuo (emperor Secretary), later moved royal doctor (vice chancellor). Chao Cuo man outspoken and harsh, honestly and courageously, the bridge, and for the development of the economy and the consolidation of the Han Dynasty Western Han Dynasty developed and implemented over a number of positive policy, also wrote "On the Millet," "Words book of military matters," "the emperor said before the cut Fan Book, "" raise Mass Cypriot people under the book "and a lot of political articles. "Han Dynasty History" with "Chao Cuo 31", which unfortunately did not all come down. Chao Cuo argue that the economic revitalization of Han Dynasty, he developed the Han emperor's "Restraining Commerce" policy. Homeless advocates will also move to the mainland frontier Farming, both developed a frontier, but also reduced support for the mainland on the frontier, which was set by the Chao Cuo claim or measures of economic development and the early Han Dynasty, "Wenjing" laid the important material basis. Chao Cuo home in Ren Taizi order, the petition Wen "made by three chapters of military matters" (later known as the "word book of military matters") of the Huns has been since Queen from high passive resistance, partial summation of the dangers presented " raise the public only plug Farming "proposal, Wen has taken this idea," absolutely not with the Huns and the pro. " Lead to a lot of people move to the mainland border Farming. Chao Cuo man upright and outspoken political views with the ministers they often substandard, hate lead to his court. Also coupled Chao Cuo's "cutting Shen" stand Uncooperative caused discontent, Ching-ti indecision was not accepted, 154 years BC (the emperor for three years), and finally led to the "Seven States Rebellion" to "Please punish Chao Cuo to the Qing Jun-side "in the name of coercion emperor, the emperor reluctantly, said:" I do not love one person and an apology, "cut Chao Cuo in Xi'an in Taitung City, when Chao Cuo 40-year-old.
  Chao Cuo (sound cháo cuò), Yingchuan (today Yuzhou) people. Young school Legalism and Han Wen home when Prince made with eloquence, known as "the think tank." Within the time of the history of the Han Emperor Jing, after the promotion royal doctor. Has repeatedly written to advocate strengthening the centralization of power, reducing manor lords, heavy agricultural your millet. Wu, Chu seven countries, including rebellion, he was the emperor Cuosha. Chao Cuo's economic thought, scattered "Han" and "Food and Money", "Yuan Ang Chuan Chao Cuo" and other articles.
  Prince think tank well Chongxin
  About the Doctor, he wrote a "statement Prince should know that the number of dredging operation", the article pointed out: it can establish a monarchy No legacy exploits, the key is familiar with "astrology", that country's methods and strategies. He believed that kings must know how the exercise was the subjects as to make the ministers, "Wei Fu," know how to listen to the following Memorial on, without cheating and deceiving; know how to live a stable livelihood to million and profit, it must obey at home and on . Know how to envoys, son of Chung-Hsiao things, then his courtiers and their children's behavior on the perfect. The four, I consider the most urgent task for the crown prince. Chao Cuo refuted a number of courtiers that the Crown do not know the views of governing the country that the former monarch can not maintain political power, some were the subjects as murder, is running the country because they do not know, "divination" of reason. Prince read too much now, but if unreasonable method of Xiao Zhiguo, only know how to recite books, it is fruitless to. He suggested that Wen choose saints in the contemporary art of the practical use, given the Crown Prince to learn, often for Prince in front of you to state their views. Wen Chao Cuo adopted the view that quite right, so he thanks his family for the prince to make. Prince House, Prince family that is more important in the case of an a, director of general affairs responsibilities. As Chao Cuo analytical issues pertinent comments, won the Prince Edward Liu's love and trust of the Prince family as "the think tank." His words and deeds, have a major impact on Liu.
  Ideas and suggestions insights
  Wen 10 year (169 BC), Hun harassment Didao, Longxi few soldiers and civilians to attack the people, defeated the Hun army. Chao Cuo opportunity to Wen on a "statement Shu military matters," the historical experience of the past and then summarized the facts, discusses the strategies and tactics to fight the Huns thought. He discussed the war morale and good will of the importance of choice, analyzes the war, the terrain, his soldiers well-trained, the relationship between weapons and sharp. For example, he said, drain swamps, hilly, appropriate for infantry combat, chariot, cavalry 2 improper 1; plain Hirono, appropriate for chariots, cavalry battle, infantry 10 improper one; river valley areas, heights of adjacent, it is appropriate to bow and arrow, short arms 100 with improper; military approach, the ground war, it is appropriate Hercules, Sword Shield 3 inappropriate 1; road twists and turns hidden, narrow, strategically located and difficult place, it is appropriate sword shield, crossbow three improper one. This is about the relationship between the use of terrain and weapons. Soldiers without selection and training, style of drag, action is incomplete, and aircraft could not be beneficial in time, could not be adverse to move quickly, can not obey orders, such improper military 100 10. From this he concluded that: sophisticated weaponry is not equivalent to the soldiers sent to break the enemy; soldiers will not fight, is equal to the generals sent off the enemy; generals do not understand military forces, is equal to the monarch sent off the enemy, the sovereign good will are not good choices, is equal to the state to give the enemy off. The four are military essentials. Chao Cuo also detailed analysis of the Han and Xiongnu military strengths and weaknesses of both sides. Pointed out that there are three long-Hun Jun, Han has five long, to move to our own long, attack the enemy's weaknesses; also pointed out that huge population of the Han dynasty the people, capable of taking hundreds of thousands of teachers, with 10 hit one. Chao Cuo also suggested that the common fight for minority Hun. Family to join themselves as righteous drains have thousands of people, living habits and the same strengths and Huns, they can be issued to sophisticated weaponry and send familiar with their habits and to unite their good will to command them and let them guard the difficulties of place; while the plains are sent Han guard main roads. This will make the two complement each other, play to their respective strengths, the art that is foolproof.
  Emperor Wen of the "Words military matters Shu" is appreciated, given Chao Cuo edict to show awards. Wen Chao Cuo then made on the "Shoubian advised farmers Shu" and "raise the people actually plug Shu", proposed to migrate to the edge of the approach to replace the turns and frontiers approach, which is an extremely important innovation of the proposal.
  Chao Cuo first summarizes the history of the policy lessons of the Qin Dynasty and frontiers. Then, from the distant frontiers soldiers acclimatized, and transportation difficulties, many died; with the harsh Qin laws, delays to got the death sentence, finally provoked the uprising Sheng, Qin destroyed. Analysis of the Hun army when he came to, often characterized by harassment, Han took turns guarding the frontier approach can not deal with the disadvantage is obvious. Therefore, he proposed a new policy of the Qing, the point is: one, to recruit people to the mainland frontier region, a long-term settled, by the Government for the supply of food, clothing, housing, farming equipment, planning land, until up to self-sufficiency; 2, by military organization and structure, and immigrants and to implement military training, usually farming, wartime attack; three, building fortifications, run up walls, deep trenches, and set roller, Tribulus terrestris. These measures, practical enough to consolidate the border. Meanwhile, Chao Cuo again in "On the Millet," recommended that people across the country to lose sodium food frontier in exchange for a certain title of nobility or atonement, is called Grand granted satisfied millet. Chao Cuo of immigrants on the real side to put troops on agricultural policy, the emperor immediately implemented. This policy not only play defense at that time the role of the Huns, and opened the first of its kind in Farming child ages, a great impact on future generations. Han Zhao charge when the country implemented xinjuntun, the Three Kingdoms of Farming policy, are the Migration Policy Chao Cuo inheritance and development.
  In response to "out in the country in general" question, Chao Cuo to the deeds of the Five Emperors in ancient times to clarify. I heard a very wise five emperors, courtiers can not match him, so they pro-government affairs management, the main hall every day to handle administrative affairs in the Ming Tang decree; the measures meet God, under the smooth terrain, won public support. All living beings is not without its benefits. Therefore, climate harmonic, four distinct seasons, sun, moon and bright, good weather, bumper harvest, no disaster epidemic, people well-being. This is consistent with the meaning of heaven and earth, to understand the gist of governing the country received effectiveness.
  In response to "very bluntly admonished," the issue, Chao Cuo to Five Hegemons things to clarify. Five Powerful Chiefs as they heard the minister, so the state affairs entrusted to the Minister, allow them to handle. Adjuvant Five Hegemons minister, they often behave properly and not to deceive their sovereign, on instructions from law without favoritism, was to avoid trouble rather than death, and there can not suppress the people, by the official's salary, but the amount of high-ranking person let incompetent . Such conduct can be regarded as the Founder of the Disabled. Ministers to formulate laws to "Hennessy pesticides, magnify the Lord for all" for the purpose, rather than "bitter people hurt the masses." They implement reward is recognition of the achievements that people filial loyalty, rather than the wealth of the people indiscriminately for no reason, people did not hate; their implementation of the penalty, not the heart to indulge their brutal murder, but forbidden to those disloyal unfilial and harm the country, conviction and sentencing appropriate, the offender know that he deserved not complain. So the rule of law can be said that the Officials of the Ping Zheng. Decree unreasonable to draw monarch corrections, not to harm the public; on the monarch's tyrannical behavior, not compliance, but to help correct, not the country suffered. To correct and remedy the fault of monarchy, monarch of merit Antonio, so no evil monarch acts within and outside of the bad reputation no foul. This monarch to his assistant, can be said very bluntly admonished people in the.
  In response to "Officials of the injustice, the government of not declared, the people of the restless," the issue, Chao Cuo to illustrate the lessons of the Qin Dynasty. I heard the beginning of Qin unified the world, the monarch's wise less than three kings, their ministers of the king can not and three assistants, but the cause of complete reunification of Qin very quickly, this is why? This is because the favorable terrain, mountains and fertile, with enough money, people and skilled; together with the emperor and not the elite six countries, differences of opinion, the people refused to contribute. In contrast, the most prosperous Qin. Their rich and powerful neighbors confusion, the world is the unity of the favorable conditions, so the emperor could merger of the six countries. At that time, three more than the king's achievements are not the emperor. But then faded, and it is because of the appointment and believed stolen in the calumny of the thief; created the palace, greedy, their resources exhausted to do, the collection of taxes without restraint; arrogant, opinionated, ministers fear, flattering to survive arrogant indulgence, despite the scourge; With pleasure and random reward, to vent anger and indiscriminate killing; Act annoying more cruel and brutal punishment harsh, reality, Emperor Qin and even personally shot people for fun; corrupt officials by law the commotion, without authorization pomp, arbitrary, their own way. The late Qin began messy, officials first against the poor people, to the middle of the rich has also been officials of the damage; Finally, even the royal and imperial ministers also subject to abuse. Thus, the traumatic sense of insecurity, all resentment, discrete flee to lose morale. Sheng lead rebellion, chaos, the Qin Dynasty destroyed. Chao Cuo this analysis, the historical conditions at the time, or more honest and realistic.
  Strengthening of power, the main cutting Fan
  Science Empress Yuan seven years (157 BC), Emperor Wen died, Prince Edward Liu came to the throne, and this is the emperor. Emperor Jing Chao Cuo was raised immediately in the history of (the capital Chang'an Chief Executive). Chao Cuo several separate audience with the emperor, discuss national affairs, the emperor on his toe, his specially trusted more than the Jiuqing, many laws are amended through his hand made. Kerry have in mind the prime minister SHENTU very unhappy but can not hurt Chao Cuo, had to look for opportunities. Happened, the government in the history of the temple is located in the Pacific (Liu Bang father's temple) outside the open space on the east door to open, access is not convenient; Chao Cuo on the other from the south and out to open a door, so the hole through the open space outside the temple wall. Shen Tu Jia was furious after that, would like to take this fault reported to the emperor to kill Chao Cuo. Chao Cuo got the news immediately explain the situation to the emperor alone. Kerry to the front of the emperor until SHENTU complain that unauthorized drilling of the temple wall Chao Cuo open the door, please send Tingyu his death, the emperor of the Shen Tu Jia said: "Chao Cuo break it is not the temple walls, but open space on the temple wall, no offense. "Shen Tu Jia apology only to retreat, angrily, the incidence can not afford, and soon died. As a result, Chao Cuo was even more distinguished.
  Shen Tu Jia's death, Emperor Jing Tao Ching royal doctor for the prime minister to upgrade and enhance Chao Cuo was royal doctor. Since then, Chao Cuo ranked Excellencies, this is the emperor two years (155 BC) to do. Chao Cuo high position, the fan cut to mention the emperor's proposal, which is known as "cut-fan policy."
  Chao Cuo that the emperor sealed the kings, only Qi, Chu, Wu King's manor on the three points went to half of the world. He called for criminal fault Princes, by depriving them of supporting the county, leaving only a county manor, and the remaining counties have reverted to Crown court. Chao Cuo highlighted the risks are greatest king Liu Bi, previously as Wutai Zi and Emperor Wen of the Crown Prince (later emperor) were killed when playing chess, king on the embittered, the hypothesis is sick, do not come to appear before, according to the law should have put to death; Wen could not bear the Code, given some stick, End thick. But the king did not turn over a new leaf, but more arrogant defiance, and publicly opened Tongshan money but cook boil salt water, luring and desperadoes, premeditated rebellion. Chao Cuo that, for the king Liu Bi, cut his fiefdom in the opposite, do not have to cut his fief against. Cut his fief, anti-fast, the scourge of small; not cut his manor, but have later, the scourge of the big. Liu Chao Cuo Bi identified other Princes will rebel, indeed correct; but his proposed cut in the way, there are factors that artificially intensify contradictions in it, and Jia Yi's "public building and less nobility of its power," the gradual weakening approach than some can not help but impatient, the effect is different.
  Emperor Jing three years (154 BC) the first month, the first king in the capital of Guang Ling Liu Bi (now Yangzhong City) raise an army rebellion, and to the princes of the Kingdom issued a manifesto to "Qing Jun-side" in the name, attack Chao Cuo "infringe upon the nobility fief, specifically to impeach insult princes to rule things, not to treat various Houren Jun Liu blood rites, so Ju-Bing vocal "and so on. Same month, the glue West King Liu India take the lead to kill Zhao Tingpai to the kingdom officials; then Jiaodong Wang Liu Xiong drainage, Miao Chuan Wang Xian Liu, Jinan, Wang Liu Pi-ray, Chu Liu E, Zhao Liu then, also has raised his army, a common westward offensive. This is the history of the famous "Wu Chu Qiguo Rebellion."
  Wu and rebel soldiers in the seven National League to punish Chao Cuo name, so Chao Cuo very dangerous situation. At this time, there are two things I Chao Cuo mismanaged, but increased the risk. One of his recommendations to the emperor, a personal expedition to the emperor Yu Jia, and his capital Chang'an staying, so the emperor had his doubts, but also to other ministers to provide a pretext for attacking him. Yuan Ang predictability is investigated for a king Liu Bi crime of conspiring to rebel. Originally, Yuan Ang Chao Cuo two with prejudice on the deep, when Chao Cuo sitting, the Yuan Ang left; Yuan Ang sitting, Chao Cuo also take: two had never spoken with. Yuan Ang Wu had served with, received bribes king Liu Bi. Chao Cuo when the royal doctor later examined Yuan Ang sent bribery case, to sentence him to the crime, Ching-ti lenient sentences, cut staff people. Wu Chu Qiguo rebellion after the news reached Chang, Chao Cuo Yuan Ang rule will further the crime, his case of an said: "Yuan Ang king received bribes, cover king, said he will not go back, and now king rebel, and should be questioning the crime of rebellion Yuan Ang predictability king. "Censor House a case of an said:" Now I'm afraid so do no good, and it is estimated Yuan Ang rebellion is still not know in advance. "insufficient evidence , Chao Cuo hesitant. However, it was tipped off to the Yuan Ang, the Chao Cuo, then tell Yuan Ang. Yuan Ang frightened that night to see Dou Ying, to discuss countermeasures. They are Chao Cuo's rival, decided to murder Chao Cuo way to protect Yuan Ang.
  So Dou Ying palace, the emperor summoned Yuan Ang request. At that time, Emperor Jing Chao Cuo deliberated allocated rations with things. When the emperor summoned Yuan Ang, Chao Cuo are sitting. Yuan Ang emperor asked: "Have you ever been a Wu-phase, now Wu and rebel, and do you think?" Yuan Ang said: "Do not fearing that, Wu will be able to break." Yang Ling said: "The king near Mountain Copper Mining money, boiled water for the salt, attract world hero, hair white, also rebelled against, if not planned very carefully, he would do that? you have any basis to say that he could do nothing about it? "Yuan Ang said:" The king Coining , take advantage of cooking salt is there, but where it can lure a hero? If the king really be heroic, that would only help him to do the proper thing, and not rebelled. king which attract, and are some rogue children and the private cast coins of desperadoes, they colluded with each other for chaos. "At this time, Chao Cuo interrupted: the" Yuan Ang you plan a good way to come out! "Emperor Jing Yuan Ang also asked:" What measures do you have? "Yuan Ang took the opportunity to say: "Please Your Majesty about the people command exit." emperor asked about all withdrew, leaving Chao Cuo present. Yuan Ang said: "I have to say, the subjects as not in the know." Emperor has no choice but to step down to Chao Cuo. Chao Cuo retreated East Room, the hearts of very resentment. Yuan Ang on the emperor said: "The letters issued by Wu and Chu, said Chao Cuo without authorization to seize the nobility fault, deprived of their fiefdoms, and therefore against the name, kill Chao Cuo, restore the original manor on Dismissed from Military. Today's measure, only cut Chao Cuo, sent envoys announced an amnesty for Wu Chu Qiguo, recovery being deprived of the manor, you can not bleed and all Dismissed from Military. "Yuan Ang words, not repeat the king Liu Bi rebellion in the Declaration," Qing Jun-side " strategy. The emperor did not see through it, but also because Wu Chubing influential, frightened, to listen to the words of the Yuan Ang. Emperor Jing was silent for a long time, and then said: "Let us look at the actual situation, if the truth as you said, in order to be worthy of the world, I would not care a person." This is in fact agree with the idea of Yuan Ang, prepared to sacrifice Chao wrong to beg for the life of retreat of the Wu and Chu and other countries. Thus, the emperor was too often on the closure Yuan Ang, to pack up his secret regulation, envoy Wu.
  Then, from the front to report back to Chang'an XiaoWei Deng's military intelligence to see the emperor. The emperor asked him: "You're mining from the front, heard Chao Cuo dead, Wu and withdraw it?" Deng said: "The king rebellion, has been prepared for decades, to cut his manor and angry, asked punish Chao Cuo, but is an excuse, not in the intention of a person against Chao Cuo. now kill Chao Cuo, I am afraid that people in the world from silence, never afraid to speak. "emperor asked:" Why?''said Deng : "Chao Cuo worry more and more powerful vassal of the Kingdom, the court can not control, it is proposed deprived of their fiefdoms, the purpose is to strengthen the central government's position, which is beneficial to all ages intention ah. Implementation has just started, actually the whole family was killed, so that the mouth of loyal domestic and blocked, but as vassals of external avenged, I think His Majesty to do so is not desirable. "After listening to Deng's some excellent analysis, killed Chao Cuo Wu and the fact that not retreat, so wake up the emperor, he sighed, and Deng said:" You're right, I also remorse or regret. "But regret too late. Deng remarks, showing his profound knowledge, has been appreciated by the emperor. So, on to the city thanks to Deng Yang Lieutenant.
  Chao Cuo fortunes turned is when? Are too often selected to read "Book of History." We know, because burnings lost ancient books, many books in circulation among the people, there is no transmission from generation to generation. To the time of Emperor Wen of Han, to understand, "Shang" and just one person, called the Jinan Fu Sheng, Han-Wen, but other people find the time, he has more than 90 years old, can not go to court to him, how do? Therefore, under the command had to say: the Ministry of Education Chang Temple is not it? Selection can be made of a material, to the house to learn Jinan Fu Sheng. Heaven has eyes, Chao Cuo Chang Temple is selected. Chao Cuo home in Jinan Fu Sheng, Fu Sheng, Jinan University follows the "Book of History" This is the Confucian doctrine, he had learned what is legalism, and now what the Confucian school, which is called learned through the Confucian method, knowledge Jang, reputation has a large length, back to court later and spoke with a clearly and logically. Han-Wen said it was a talent ah, this talent can not be wasted ah, then go right adjuvant Prince, Prince Edward, later in the Han Emperor Jing, was made on the appointment of Chao Cuo Prince Scheeren, and later made Prince door doctor, then do to the Prince's home made, home made Prince Edward what level it is? Be regarded as a middle level cadres.
  Chao Cuo first question, is not good at handling interpersonal relationships. Prince's house was his, and the Minister of the DPRK in a bad relationship, we see "Historical Records. Chao Cuo Biography, "which has this statement: that a great contribution to not like Yuan Ang Ji Zhu Chao Cuo, do not like him, you think, but he was inside the Royal Family to be a Scheeren, door doctor, home made, and What powers are not great, it is important officials, just like hair and talk it, we do not like him, once he entered the center, holding an important position when the results can imagine. Sure enough, the Han Emperor Wen Jia Beng Han Emperor Jing to the throne after the re-Chao Cuo. Because the Han Yang Ling Chao Cuo that is a "think tank", so the Han Emperor Jing, assumed office, the first thing on the appointment of Chao Cuo as the internal history. What is official in the history of it? Within the history of the capital region was responsible for all administrative work, the equivalent of a capital city mayor now, so Chao Cuo was over the vice ministerial level, helicopter ministry. As a result, Chao Cuo probably a little carried away, or at least a little cocky, relied on the Han Emperor Jing trust him, ever put forward their views, constantly making suggestions, to reform this today, tomorrow, to reform the Han Emperor Jing also follow our advice have to accept his proposal, which once confused towards the minister is not happy.
  By the way here to say about this SHENTU Kerry, he is not a villain. We see the "history book" on the evaluation of Shen Tu Jia, Shen Tu Ka This is a very honest man honest and upright official, called the "door from the private Ye", what is the "gate from private Ye"? Is his head is not in his own house to receive guests, and other officials do not talk about things in my home, something we Shangchao, talk to the office. Yuan Ang had approached Shen Tu Jia, Shen Tu Jia said: Yuan public you? Clerical office on official business to talk about tomorrow, if a private matter, the prime minister and selfless things clean government Well, so this thing SHENTU Ka prestige in this court which is very high. Shen Tu Jia you offended, you offend a group of gentleman. For example, was jointly written to kill the Ting Yu Chang Chao Cuo Europe, who, good man, Ting Yu I am not saying, and that the Ministry of Justice and Chairman of the Supreme Court, he was handling cases there is a principle that he took this decision came, he wanted to see, read, he found that if there is doubt the case, for example, lack of evidence, procedure does not, send back a retrial, if the cross were picked up in the files do not go wrong taking a closer look, it is indeed evidence conclusive, this person is indeed a heinous crime and not to kill not appease the resentment, can not pardon him, he would personally go to prison, read the verdict and wept, crying while reading, that you committed a heinous crime, not to kill not enough to appease the resentment, and then get some good meat, good wine wait on you on your way. Is such a man, you want to kill such a person claim Chao Cuo, you said Chao Cuo offend people offended to what extent, we can imagine.
  Chao Cuo's this character, our TV series "Han wu," which also saw the performance. Chao Cuo introduced the policy after cutting fan, government and public outcry, Chao Cuo's father arrived on the way from Yingchuan Chang came to Chao Cuo, he had this to say: So what is the performance of this plot, showing the loyalty of the Chao Cuo , Chao Cuo is not only loyal, but also thoughtful person. This is supposedly a pillar of the country. But Chao Cuo's loyalty and his foresight has a little problem, what problem? He is foresight for the country, not for themselves a little foresight, so "Han" is his assessment: "Rui in the country long and short term, but not see physical harm", but they have to have bad luck, he did not know. Such people, according to our ethical standards in general, this is a good man ah selfless public at heart, indomitable, selfless, this is not good? How so? There is a problem that is not for their consideration, he often can not be for others to consider public sentiment of the people do not know, do not understand human nature that people often do not understand conditions. What state? States are specific people posed, the people are a living person, you do not understand people, you will not be people-oriented, so-called people-oriented, you are to understand human nature, human feelings, including human, you can not do without human nature, One does not pay too much attention to their own lives, often not given due respect other people's life, a life not to his own children seriously people, nor will the lives of others seriously child, you Since I can not put the lives of others seriously children, then how do you do for the public benefit? Not even their own people who are defending, you can defend the country? Therefore, for such a selfless and we make of view, recognition of his noble moral aspect, but also see his defects side.
  The third problem is that of his indomitable, indomitable we had also considered a very noble character, of course, we sometimes need indomitable, needs selfless, and also requires persistence, the need to identify dead reasonable, but depends on who, what children, what the situation, say you scholarship, perseverance is good, why? Pursuit of truth, a scholar, a scientist must be persistent, we must recognize reason die, I look for this, I went on this road, black, and I do not run into a brick wall, I do not look back, perhaps in my exploration the process, I have not met when the south wall to find the truth. No politician, however, must be both principled statesman, but also flexibility, maintain that the time insisted that when the compromise of the compromise, concession, when the concession, when the circuitous detour. And politicians to consider the issue, not just the one thing not to do, but also consider what you can, do it now or in the future do, which is required for the quality of a politician, he had to look three-step . And Chao Cuo is persistent, persistence, management recognized dead, but only one step, cut fan is on, that is to be done, can do, he does not take into account, do it now or in the future do not take into account.
  For this matter, Su Song, that is, Su, has an article called "Chao Cuo theory", "Chao Cuo of" In the beginning, Su proposed a point of view, a country he said the most difficult, most difficult to do what is it? Is the look of peace and harmony, in fact, hidden buried, this matter is the most difficult. Because you do not know how to do? How could they do? Only those special, outstanding, outstanding talent, as some of you can play such a role to play, Chao Cuo was not such a person. That issue was being to cut fan, Chao Cuo its people not its people, cut fan this thing is done to do, let Chao Cuo do is wrong. Because, according to Su's view, to do this to three conditions: "the former things knowing, of course, something to fear, and Xu whom map", the first condition, know these, of course, is that prior to this matter to be very clearly Chu, the circumstances surrounding this matter, the stakes would be if I do what happens, if I do how it should be like, all regarded it to clear. Chao Cuo want to clear or not? Did not think clearly. We see him is a slogan: "The also cut against, not cut will be opposed." Only these eight characters, do not see what he has done the feasibility study, there is no workable plan to see him, he just think that should do it, do not, so do not have the first condition.
  Chao Cuo's two bad idea what is it? The first is to kill Yuan Ang, Yuan Ang Why kill it? Wu Yuan Ang originally because of the prime minister, Wu Yuan Ang to go, he does not want to go, he felt that this person is the terrorist king, touch is not clear what he meant, but he followed the emperor to conquer the world of high major contributor to the state and powerful, I do a prime minister, if the central government and Wu both of them contradictory, and I caught them, I am not the wind box of mouse ah? He does not want to go. It was a mind like his, that you will drink anyway, you go on to do one thing after Wu, drinking. If the central government to send envoy to ask how Wu like? Reported that the king you do not rebel, rebel king does not mean, Yuan Ang is one such person. Chao Cuo was later found a fault with Bale official, now an ordinary man. This time a rebel Wu, Chao Cuo government censors put the people he summoned a meeting that you see, I believe in the Yuan Ang kill, because Yuan Ang king accepted the bribes, the report said that Wu is not always to insurrection, rebellion of Wu now Well, we are now as long as the Yuan Ang a kill, we know what the two of them engage in a ghost tricks. The results are not in favor of his subordinates, said the minister, ah, if I had not rebelled Wu, Yuan Ang kill you, maybe also to use, you start to see Wu Yuan Ang state's response, and now are anti-anti-Wu , and soldiers are fighting over, you kill the Yuan Ang What is the use? Besides Yuan Ang is also our court's minister Well, not the minister of Wu Well, how would there be intrigue he does not agree with killing. Do not agree with killing. Chao Cuo hesitant on where the indecisive, the message will spread out, and Yuan Ang got the news went out to find Dou Ying, because Yuan Ang is now an ordinary man, It is official, and not qualified to see the emperor, Dou Ying went on quickly Han Emperor Jing, Yuan Ang said you should get to ask, because the prime minister of Wu Yuan Ang is he familiar with the Wu, we now that should Fuwu Guo rebellion, we should ask the Yuan Ang to discuss.
  Emperor Jing feel justified, summoned Yuan Ang, when summoned Yuan Ang, Chao Cuo in the next, Han Yang Ling said: Yuan Ang, you have a prime minister of Wu, you are familiar with Wu's situation, you think the state of Wu can or can not amount to anything as rebels, ah, Yuan Ang said: can not amount to anything. Han Yang Ling said: how could it not amount to anything? Just think of king, "mine too much fried, boiled water was salt," so rich, a lot of white hair, he rebels, not well prepared enough to be against it? Yuan Ang said: Wu money does not leave, it was not fake, but the king recruited some desperadoes are a number of triad, these people are not defined, disloyalty who disloyalty of how can lick our people for justice then? Certainly not amount to anything. Emperor Jing 1, this person well, say you have a good way to talk about, Yuan Ang said: Robinson has an idea, but only to report individual and Majesty. Emperor Jing said: well, go away, Chao Cuo also stops there, Yuan Ang said: "The state secrets, and the ministers shall not hear," said the emperor had told Chao Cuo: You, Chao Cuo had gone on. Yuan Ang said one sentence: "This year alone cut the wrong account", and now one of my good ideas is to immediately kill the Chao Cuo, because stress is Shichuyouming ancient war, the name if you do not go to war is winnable, It is called an unjust division. Wu and the two countries are now under the banner of what is it? He is not a rebellion, because the two countries have repeatedly Wu and Chu, we are not rebels, we are "clear ruler side", we are helping the emperor, we are consolidating the Han dynasty country, the best way, whether he is a pretext for Ye Hao, a banner Yehao , is the real reason'd be better approach is to block up his Zhe Zhangzui, blocking his way to kill the Chao Cuo Zhe Zhangzui kill Chao Cuo, it is not a reason to raise an army, it is not a fight. "Without firing a shot", you can put down rebellion. The emperor said, I think about it, if it really works, I do not care one or two people that the two lives they count it? This is the Chao Cuo's first mistake, he should not propose to kill Yuan Ang, he does not propose to kill Yuan Ang, Yuan Ang will not kill him.
  The second bad idea even worse, he ask? Please Han Emperor Jing Yu Jia his personal expedition, his rear Beijing, Su said: Everyone knows that war is dangerous to go out, stay home is safe, no one knows. How can you at this critical juncture, how do you the most dangerous things that can be distributed to the emperor, the safest thing left to themselves? This is no one will agree, so Su said: This gave rise to the DPRK in the discontent of a group of loyalists. Chao Cuo say you do is simply a traitor Well, you put the emperor into the first line, you hid in the family, such as the emperor is not defeated after you when the emperor? Anyone can not be tolerated. Therefore, Su said, this time, no Yuan Ang, Chao Cuo is a dead end. On the contrary, if the Chao Cuo this juncture: I propose to cut fan, this is my misfortune to break through, my responsibility, please emperor appointed me great general, I have led soldiers to conquer, and then I rushed into the front, I took the lead, the emperor felt very safe, he will kill you? He would send troops, give money, give food to grass, to support your play. You defeated, dead, you martyr, win, and win, you are hero, how did you come up with this stupid idea come from?
Translated by Google

    

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