| Last Name： | 黄 | ||||
| First Name： | 庭坚 | ||||
| Name and Alias： | 鲁直 | ||||
| Web/Pen/Nick Name： | 山谷道人 | ||||
| Now belongs to： | 江西修水 | ||||
| Birth Place： | 洪州分宁 | ||||
Read works of Huang Tingjian at 诗海 | |||||
黄庭坚
黄庭坚
黄庭坚In Su poets, Huang's condition and the Morohito different. Although he is a "four scholars of the Soviet Union," one, but
Also with Su Shi said "Su yellow", a Song in the history of an open cases Leekpai, far-reaching everyone.
Huang Ting (1045-1105) Lu word straight from No. Valley Road Flyover, then No. Weng Fu River, sub-Ning (now Jiangxi Xiushui) people.
His father, Huang Shu is a study of the poet Du Fu's poetry, uncle Lee is a collection of books at home, are also good at writing poetry, his first
Wife's father and second wife, Sun Jue's father also is a poet Teacher Appreciation thick, this kind of environment he created a high culture
Literacy and artistic accomplishment. He Hidemune Zhiping years of Scholars, did some land Fangxiao Guan and Beijing (now Hebei name)
Imperial College professor. His appreciation of poetry by Su Shi, Su political views also similar, and therefore the new and old career party official career
Dispute intertwined. Zhe spent the early years of the new law governing high-Empress, he was called up in Beijing, has been involved in aspects of history writing and the Imperial Examination
Work; Zhe reign expel the old party, he was denounced as the Fuzhou Bie Jia, Qian state placement; Zhe's death he had a
Degree from the complex, but soon was demoted to the far Yizhou Guangxi Province in this and later died there. The "valley set."
Su Shi Huang Ting and another thrust to weight, knowing each other deeply, but in Literature, he did not agree that the relative vertical Sushi
Diplomas in performance, and often spread, "gentle" in Poetics. He once described the process of literary creation and nephew to teach
Hung Ju Father:
Naturally, I am Shaosheng ago, I do not know an issue of axes, to take the reading of the old may apply to laugh. After the short and art is an issue of Shao Sheng,
But the old and sick lazy lazy, can not write the article also...... Su wonderful world, criticizing its weaknesses in the good, Shen Wu hit the track too.
("A Father Hung horse book")
In "the King set out to know after Qushan Zayong" He specifically talked about in: "poetry, touched the sex itself, not strong remonstrance dispute in court,
Yuan Fen sense of shame in the Road, angry neighbors take it as a curse too. "
He also criticized because of the poem, "made for the invasion of Ling Shan Bang," which led to the "hoping for Cheng Ge, Pijin and by the vector," people who believe
For this is "lost poetry purpose" of. On the surface, this is just some pedantic old talk, in fact there are profound
Background and inner suffering. Song is the beginning of a harsh rule, the era of thought, back in Xining years, on account of Sushi
Are ridiculed in the poetry of the suspects arrested in court for trial, nearly killed, but Tingjian also incriminated, this is the history of China
On a famous literary inquisition. To Shaosheng years, Huang rivalry between the old and new party once again to the so-called maintenance "Shenzong Record"
Multiple counts of falsely being demoted, he must be prudent and careful in the text area. The forefront of "A Father Hung horse book" made specifically to
"Shaosheng" as the industry is related to the political background. And even then, Huang old age or because of an "Edward
Hospital tower in mind, "being denounced for alleged slander and exile Yizhou. Therefore, the claim "gentle" in Literature, in HUANG
Ting Jian, the large extent with self-restraint to avoid misfortune and factors.
This attitude makes the Poet less involved with political issues and less on individuals who have suffered injustice
Issued a direct protest, to express inner pain, he often just to write on their own, without involving a confrontation
Surface. But this does not mean that his heart was full of indignation uneven digestion, and it is all indirect, tortuous side
Type shown. Huang Ting's "sub-Yun Huang Bin Wang bamboo painted by the old" there are "pouring wine chest times is not fair, spit-year-old towering bamboo Cang"
2, his own poetry, often through the sort of Qi Qiao style, to express emotion and movement. Qing Fang Tung
"Imagery words," Wong said that "in particular, do not create a kind of Wu syllable proud Peculiar ring, the air is with this in order to see" clearly
To see his poetic language and lyrical form of the relationship needs.
Of course, Huang's poetry style of art, not just the needs of individual emotion, but also send in poetry
Development process to create a new consideration. Song to Tingjian, there were many new developments. Predecessors and contemporaries in
The well-known poets, such as Mei Yao, Ouyang Xiu, or dull or extremely consistent flow of prose style, in fact, Huang Ting
Kennedy is not like; Su Shi's poem talent to win, not the main one compartment, but also non-ordinary people can imitate. And before the various,
No one in poetry and language skills in the form of a set of methods for effective line. Huang Ting has been painstakingly study poetry,
Particularly admired on Du Fu. Du Fu in the art by drawing a number of performance advantages, and in summing up his position
Who gains and losses, and gradually formed a style of his poetry. Moreover, he also proposed a set of "Poetry", leading many
Phase from the poet Xiran.
First, Huang claims to enrich their academic knowledge as a basis for writing poetry, he thought Du Korean, "without the word
No to Office "(" A father of Hung-Ju ") in that" higher meaning of the word victory, from learning the Carlyle "(" On to poetry ")
And that the concept of Wang Fu's poem "not calm," the main reason is the "study did not break rolls" ("Postscript to the book Poems Liu Zi-hou").
More books purpose is to accumulate the ancients, "Lines of good character" to prepare for inspection use. Which he proposed the famous "point Tiecheng
Gold "and" Remoulding "on.
This generally has two meaning: First, to borrow the words previous poetry, allusions, to cultivate enlightenment, of
CHEN new, so exquisite in their own poetry to play the role of rhetoric; 2 is modeled after previous ideas and conception, so
New look, becoming their own ideas and artistic conception.
For the above to understand the theory must be emphasized in the language of Huang Ting Chen anti-popular theory go together to see.
That is, he pays much attention to the use of books and materials, but strongly opposed Xiyong previous remarks cliché. Therefore, in the past poetry
In the customary vocabulary, imagery, in the Poet in the contrary rare. He used code, like from a number of rare books in
Reference; if familiar, he used as a surprise. For example, "any public chess was gradually" in the "eastern Hunan 1
Cheng Gan dead head, carve the world can still hold "2, the preceding sentence is" History of Southern Dynasties, "Xiao Yi Xiang Dongwang contained in one eye and this particular blind
For the taboo story about a chess board with only one, death will resign; after the words turn, use the "Historical Records" Liu Bang,
Xiang Yu to divide the story for the industry at loggerheads, that lived and a piece of chess, the overall situation has not yet determined the outcome, still can support the war,
Are using very new Tuoqie. Again, "Rhyming Liu Jingwen Tang Ye Wang Tai see thinking" "public poems such as sex, never married has Allure" 2
Sentence to Li Yan for years, "Ms. Li Song" and "Empress Dowager" proudly claims this phrase, used very fresh.
Huang Ting above propositions and practices, to further promote the emphasis on intellectual Song, "and Scholarship Poetry" tendencies.
It brings some obvious shortcomings, such as multi-use allusions and the old saying, and more with strange characters, tends to obscure poetry; the use of "win in fetal
Bones, "" Midas touch "to mess it is very likely to analog predecessors and even plagiarism. But it also has a number of long
Department, not only the use of allusion, the old culvert can expand the amount of language, and, including allusions, the old and the general vocabulary, including
Force Chen to avoid customs, turn the use of odd new method, and it led to read the novelty and excitement. In short, look like
How to properly handle.
More involved, mainly vocabulary or language materials problems. In addition, Huang syntax of the poem
And structure, there are deep stress. At the syntactical level, Huang likes to use the bend sentence, this is where the study came from the Du Fu,
But only once in a while Du, Huang is with the very common, forming his features.
The so-called "bargain sentence," mainly in metrical verse in the sentence or a Couplet be changed, at the same time, but also to
Verse of the organization to change word order, so that air is not smooth, Culture syllable, so to cause an imbalance discord
Effects, like calligraphy in the rigid lines of inflection, it gives people the feeling of Qi Qiao stubborn. Such as "meet old friends from young eyes, the new
Your term of the present multi-Black "(" second-Yun Guo doctor cap doctor rate officials closed ")," from "word should be flat and narrow," many "words should be narrow
And peace; "Wuyang to leaf before Barry, Shizuko and the public are young" ("second-Yun Pei Zhongmou the same year"), "100" word should be flat
The narrow, "is" the word should be narrow and flat, this type of sentence in the yellow poems often.
"A Textual QUJING" drawing "exclusive domain" saying: "Lu Chih-for-word on the sentence, the word...... to impose a narrow current level characters easily
S, quite naturally does not want the gas group. "There are like" dead Wiping out heart is still unknown, the spring can not mirror Yan Zhu "(" second-Yun Liu Tong Marceau
Send Wang Tong "), tone, although the joint rules, but" a - 3 - 3 "step rhythm of the sound is very strange Wu's. And
In the structure of the poem, Huang has more than a strange change, sometimes jumping, and sometimes anti-fold, made of little convergence rolling along.
Song over the past have easy smooth, coherent pulse characteristics of Italy, and Huang Ting intends to follow a path with contrary. Composite
Various factors, Huang's poems to pay attention to the stipulations, deliberately seeking to write deep requesting different methods, and raw wind of new Shouying
The main characteristics of cells, to the Song brought a new change. Here is his "Send Huang several complex":
South China Sea, North Sea jun my home, send thank Yan not pass book. Tao Li spring a glass of wine, light years itinerant night rain. Household but
4 Li wall, treatment does not pray Folding brachial. Reading head has to be white, and every other river cane river ape cry malaria.
12 appears to be commonplace, the real secret with the "Zuo Zhuan" billions of public four-year "Monarch Office North Sea, South China Sea Gua Ren Department"
The story, and Hengshan not Huiyan Peak geese flying south of the story. 3, 4, and only one or two between the escape, but the two
Between sentences also escape, but meaning is not ambiguous. This two entirely customary vocabulary composition, but the composition of the sentence after
Very fresh; sentence with no verb system, a purely nominal image mapping, in a winter scene in a warm write in previous years
Happy together and alone after the other. 5, 6 yellow sub write several complex situation, first with "Historical Biography of Sima Xiangru"
The "four walls up" the story of his poor writing, and then counter with "Zuo Zhuan" given the public 10 years, "Folding humerus, known as the good doctor"
Idioms, Liao lamented that he sank a long time. The sound of these two laws are the "break", especially the second level five ze preceding sentence, to force people
Promote the feeling. Finally, painted a bleak picture by imagination, and dark with a Li "South Park", "the article where the autumn wind crying"
The poetry, the performance of their grievances.
Poet's some basic features in this poem can be seen.
Poet of the main shortcomings of the language is often too difficult Austria, syntax and organization of writing too stiff, and this
Not only create difficulties in understanding, but also in the aesthetic sense to bring a sense of repression and distortion. Therefore, Su 1
Surface praised his poem "Rhythm of high absolutely," and said more will read this poem is "hair style angry" ("Su topic
Postscript "). Although this means that with a joke, but it is very accurate. Because of the many poems in Huang Ting, emotional
Flows are deter excessive. However, he also understood that some poetry is written in relatively smooth, such as "rain Deng Yue Wang Yang House
Junshan 2 "one:
Shortage of 10 000 dead gray hair cast plaque, birth Qu Tang Yan Yu Guan. First Jiangnan not yet reached a smile on Junshan Yueyang upstairs.
Poem expresses his stubborn character, and his bitter and painful, not only maintained the style of Jin Qiao, but not dark
Astringent. Another example is "king of the underworld by the Friends of the painting problem Wang Jushi Peach Apricot 2" one:
Lingyun smile see peach blossoms, three years before home. From spring rain, the disorder with the water to the End of the World.
Zen Master by the Strato see Peach and Wu Chan ot purpose of Zen verse ("Jing Deng Yi Lu" Juan Shiyi), write own
Life experience. Poetry in simple exhibited the influence of ways of principle and interest, which is obviously affected by the Zen.
From Poetry to the overall situation, for although the earlier of a sense of anger and describe aspects of life, more inhibited, but
A special kind of tone, syntax, or can make people feel forcibly suppress fluctuations in the dark, surging emotions, poetic forms
Become a special lyric means. To old age, many of his poems are a bit random, more "mature" feeling, but
The strength of feeling has further weakened. Such as "disease that is something from Jingzhou Pavilion," one of 10:
Langhammer old field Fubo, Lime Square, where disease Korimaro. Neighbor water without Oulu, but see the cows go floating through the nose.
Good at and like to use a secluded Code Code as before (the last sentence is from the Tang Dynasty is very famous poem of Chan Wing-out), the mood may also wish to
Almost do nothing but show the Xiaoran Apprehension mood, though Jiuli disaster and, still in difficulties, but no element of excitement. This
Kind of poetry is sometimes subject to high praise, but eventually felt too weak poetic flavor.
Northern Song Dynasty, Lu this in a "sectarian map of Jiangxi Poetry Society", from Tingjian the following, listed such as Chen Shih Road, 25 people
"That Fasi", the literary world with "School of Jiangxi," the name (in fact, more than half of these people are not
Jiangxi people, called "School of Jiangxi," the relationship is mainly due to Huang Ting). The poets do not have a previous generation, more
As a strict sectarian color, because they not only poetic point of view and writing style about the same, and most members do
Indeed interrelated, mutual learning, and had a major impact. To the Yuan Dynasty, side back in the "law of myeloid Kui Ying" in another so-called "one
Zu Sanzong ", which is sent to the patron god of the Du Fu counted, while the Huang Ting, Chen Shih Road and there are still many living in the Southern Song Dynasty
Chen and Yi counted as moving three master.
This is a very far-fetched argument. This school really Patriarch or Sinica, Chen Shih-tied it difficult for him, while Chen
Justice and the School of Jiangxi are not very similar.
[Late Northern Song Dynasty words]
Late Northern Song Dynasty, Ci great prosperity. The dominant style, along Ouyang Xiu, Yan has two elegant subtle
Tactful and delicate way, but Liu Yong, Su Shi is to create the style and skills, also have a considerable impact. These three words the wind
The actual integration of the late Northern Song Dynasty convergence phenomenon has emerged, almost every word the number of people affected by them, but because
Temperament, preferences have focused on only different choices.
The literati in the Soviet Union, Huang not only title of the poem, words are written quite well, the existing words to have more than 180 first,
Probably included in the "Valley Delights foreign articles." It is said his early style much like the words of Liu Yong, Yan write the word love, for by the Zen Master
France accused the show, then do correct his mistakes, the early words are burned. However, the existing term for point of view, there are still traces of Liu Yong,
Such as "Lang Nguyen return" ("son of retired Red Shirt"), "Mao Zedong's poem" ("my mind") and so on. However, he was Su Shi
These effects seem more like "Stories of the" ("Broken Gender in the rain"), "Prelude to Water" ("Yaocao an HE Bi")
Have tried to outline a quiet and cheerful state has demonstrated a broad-minded sentiments dawdle up and pull it with some historical fact, constitute
Time of depth. Gloomy mood is biased, language, some Shouying, and Su Shi's lively flow of different. His
Small words, even closer to Europe, Yan Qing Jun euphemisms, such as the following poem "Qingping Le":
Her puzzle? I work the road. If anyone Zhichun place, call to take back to live. Unexpectedly, no signs of spring, unless asked
Take Oriole. Twitterings no one who can, because the wind flying rose.
(History of Chinese Literature, Pei Luo Yu, youth sweep school)
Translated by Google