duàn qí ruì Duan Qirui
běi yáng zhèng fǔ
( 1865nián～ 1936nián)
| zì： | zhī quán | | wǎngbǐhào： | zhèng dào lǎo rén | | jíguàn： | ān huī hé féi |
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duàn qí ruì （ 1865 héng 1936）， yuán míng qǐ ruì， zì zhī quán， wǎn hào zhèng dào lǎo rén， hàn zú， ān huī hé féi rén shēng yú 1865 nián 3 yuè 6 rì（ tóng zhì sì nián ' èr yuè chū jiǔ rì）。 duàn qí ruì de fù qīn duàn cóng wén shì yī gè lǎo shí bā jiāo de nóng mín， yī shēng zhòngtián。 1872 nián， 8 suì de duàn qí ruì bèi zǔ fù duàn pèi dài wǎng jiāng sū sù qiān rèn suǒ（ duàn pèi shí tǒng “ míng jūn ” zhí shǔ mǎ duì sān yíng zhù fáng yú cǐ）， shàonián duàn qí ruì zhú jiàn xí guàn bìng xǐ huān shàng liǎo jūn yíng shēng huó。 1881 nián， 17 suì de duàn qí ruì zài zǔ fù bìng gù hòu zhǐ shēn tú bù qián wǎng shān dōng， tóubèn zài wēi hǎi zhù jūn zhōng rèn guǎn dài de zú shū duàn cóng dé， bèi 'ān pái zài yíng zhōng dāng sī shū。 1885 nián， 21 suì de duàn qí ruì kǎo rù tiān jīn wǔ bèi xué táng， wéi yī qī yù bèi shēng， xuán fēn rù pào bīng kē。
mín guó chū nián， běi yáng jūn fá jí tuán bǎ chí zhèng jú， běi jīng zhèng fǔ rú tóng zǒu mǎ dēng，“ luàn hōng hōng， nǐ fāng chàng bà wǒ dēng chǎng”。 qí zhōng， hé féi rén duàn qí ruì céng liù cì zhù zhèng： 1913 nián 5 yuè 1 rì zhì 7 yuè 31 rì dài lǐ guó wù zǒng lǐ， 1916 nián 4 yuè 22 rì zhì 6 yuè 28 rì rèn zhèng shì táng guó wù qīng， 1916 nián 6 yuè 29 rì zhì 1917 nián 5 yuè 23 rì、 1917 nián 7 yuè 17 rì zhì 12 yuè 22 rì、 1918 nián 3 yuè 23 rì zhì 10 yuè 10 rì sān cì chū rèn guó wù yuàn zǒng lǐ， 1924 nián 11 yuè 24 rì zhì 1926 nián 4 yuè 20 rì rèn zhōng huá mín guó lín shí zhí zhèng。
zài tiān jīn wǔ bèi xué táng， duàn qí ruì xiān hòu xué xí liǎo bīng fǎ、 dì lì、 jūn qì、 pào tái、 suàn fǎ、 cè huì děng xīn shì kè chéng。 1887 nián， tā yǐ“ zuì yōu děng” chéng jì cóng tiān jīn wǔ bèi xué táng bì yè。 1889 nián chūn， duàn qí ruì děng 5 rén dào dé guó， yǐ guān fèi rù bólín jūn xiào。 zài yòng yī nián bàn shí jiān xì tǒng xué xí lǐ lùn kè chéng hòu， duàn qí ruì yòu dān dú fèng pài rù kè lǔ bó pào chǎng xué xí bàn nián（ qí tā 4 rén xiān qī huí guó）。 kè lǔ bó pào chǎng shì dāng shí shì jiè shàng dì yī liú de bīng gōng chǎng， tā zài zhè lǐ 'ěr rú mù rǎn， yòu liǎo shí jiàn de jī huì， huò yì fěi qiǎn。 1890 nián dǐ， duàn qí ruì xué chéng guī guó， rèn zhí běi yáng jūn xiè jú。 cì nián， diào wǎng wēi hǎi， rèn suí yíng xué táng jiào xí。
1895 nián dǐ， shàng yù yóu yuán shì kǎi zhù chí zài tiān jīn xiǎo zhàn liàn bīng。 duàn qí ruì zài yuán shì kǎi biān liàn xīn jūn guò chéng zhōng， yī zhí chōng rèn zhòng yào juésè。 1905 nián hé 1906 nián， qīng tíng jiē lián zài zhí lì hé jiān（ jīn hé běi shěng hé jiān xiàn） hé hé nán zhāng dé（ jīn hé nán 'ān yáng） jǔ xíng liǎng cì dà guī mó qiū cāo， duàn qí ruì jiē rèn yǎn xí zhōng“ běi jūn” de zǒng tǒng guān。 liǎng cì qiū cāo shǐ duàn qí ruì de zhī míng dù hé quán lì xùn sù shàng shēng。 qiū cāo qián hòu， duàn qí ruì xiān hòu jiù rèn dì sān、 dì sì、 dì liù zhèn de tǒng zhì， bìng céng jiān rèn bǎo dìng lù jūn xué táng zǒng bàn。 shū fǎ
1911 nián 10 yuè 10 rì bào fā de wǔ chāng qǐ yì， shǐ zhōng guó de zhèng jú fā shēng liǎo jí jù biàn huà。 zhǐ zài tuī fān dì zhì、 jiàn lì gòng hé de xīn hài gé mìng， zāo dào qīng tíng de fēng kuáng zhèn yā。 wèile duì fù wǔ chāng shǒu yì hòu chéng lì de hú běi jūn zhèng fǔ， qīng tíng jí diào běi yáng jūn zhù lì qián wǎng zhèn yā。 yuán shì kǎi bèi qīng tíng rèn mìng wéi qīnchāi dà chén quán miàn jié zhì diào qiǎn lù hǎi jūn， xuán yòu bèi rèn mìng wéi nèi gé zǒng lǐ dà chén。 tā bǎ duàn qí ruì cóng jiāng běi tí dū rèn shàng diào chū， dān rèn běi yáng jūn dì 'èr jūn zǒng tǒng， yòu shǔ hú guǎng zǒng dū， jiān lǐng běi yáng dì yī jūn yǔ hú běi jūn zhèng fǔ duì zhì。
1912 nián 1 yuè， yǐ sūn zhōng shān wéi shǒu de zī chǎn jiē jí gé mìng pài zài nán jīng chéng lì zhōng huá mín guó lín shí zhèng fǔ。 cóng 1 yuè 23 rì qǐ， duàn qí ruì dié cì xiàng cháo tíng jìn yán， wèi gòng hé sī xiǎng“ pō yòu bó bó bù kě 'è zhī shì”， 26 rì， tā lián míng běi yáng jí tuán 46 míng gāo jí jiànglǐng， fā chū zhì nèi gé dài zòu diàn， zhí jiē yào qiú qīng tíng“ qǐng míng jiàng yù zhǐ， xuān shì zhōng wài， lì dìng gòng hé zhèng tǐ”， diàn wén zhōng hái tí chū“ yǐ xiàn zài nèi gé jí guó wù dà chén děng zàn shí dài biǎo zhèng fǔ …… zài xíng zhào jí guó huì， zǔ zhì gòng hé zhèng fǔ。” xiǎn rán， zhè shì piē kāi yǐ chéng lì de nán jīng lín shí zhèng fǔ， ér jiāng zhèng quán yóu qīng tíng zhí jiē bàng yí gěi yuán shì kǎi de bàn fǎ。 2 yuè 5 rì， duàn qí ruì yòu lián hé dì yī jūn 8 míng xié tǒng yǐ shàng de jiànglǐng fā chū dài zòu diàn， chēng“ gòng hé guó tǐ， yuán yǐ zhì jūn yú yáo shùn， zhěng mín yú shuǐ huǒ。 nǎi yīn 'èr sān wáng gōng dié cì zǔ náo， yǐ zhì 'ēn zhǐ bù bān， wàn mín shòu kùn”，“ ruì děng bù rěn yǔ nèi yòu cǐ bài lèi yě”， jiāng“ shuài quán tǐ jiàngshì rù jīng， yǔ wáng gōng pōu chén lì hài”， bìng jiāng qí sī lìng bù yóu hú běi xiào gǎn huí qiān zhì hé běi bǎo dìng。 zhè yī míng duì“ èr sān wáng gōng”， shí duì cháo tíng de bīng jiàn shì zhāo fǎ guǒ rán líng yàn。 2 yuè 12 rì， lóng yù tài hòu yǐ“ xuān tǒng huáng dì” míng yì bān tuì wèi zhào， qīng wáng cháo zhōng yú zhèng shì fù wáng。 2 yuè 15 rì， yuán shì kǎi bèi nán jīng lín shí cān yì yuàn tuī jǔ wéi zhōng huá mín guó lín shí dà zǒng tǒng， duàn qí ruì suí zhī bèi yuán shì kǎi wěi yǐ lù jūn zǒng cháng， chéng wéi yuán shì kǎi zhèng quán de zhù jiāng。
tiān jīn duàn qí ruì jiù jū zì 1912 nián 3 yuè zhì 1915 nián 8 yuè， duàn qí ruì zài běi jīng zhèng fǔ nèi gé zhōng lián rèn 7 jiè lù jūn zǒng cháng。 qí jiān yóu yōng yuán zhuǎn 'ér fǎn yuán、 fǎn hóng xiàn dì zhì。
1915 nián 12 yuè 12 rì， yuán shì kǎi jué dìng chēng dì， bìng dìng cì nián wéi“ hóng xiàn yuán nián”。 dàn hǎo jǐng bù cháng， jǔ guó fǎn duì。 gè shěng fēn fēn xuān bù dú lì， běi yáng xì nèi bù yě yòu rén 'àn zhōng dǎo yuán。 zài nèi wài jiāo kùn、 zǒu tóu wú lù de qíng kuàng xià， yuán shì kǎi zhǐ dé kǎo lǜ qǔ xiāo dì zhì，“ hóng xiàn” huáng páo chuān liǎo bù guò 83 tiān。 zài fǎn duì yuán shì kǎi de dǒu zhēng zhōng， duàn qí ruì de cí zhí、 bù hé zuò hé 'àn zhōng dǐ zhì fā huī liǎo bù kě hū shì de zuò yòng。
yuán shì kǎi xià tái， míng yì shàng de gòng hé chóngxīn què lì。 duàn qí ruì yě jiù shì dēng shàng liǎo quán lì dǐng fēng héng héng chū rèn guó wù zǒng lǐ， bìng zhú bù jiē guǎn liǎo zhōng yāng zhèng fǔ de quán bù jūn zhèng dà quán。
yuán shì kǎi sǐ hòu， lí yuán hóng jì rèn dà zǒng tǒng， lí、 duàn zhī jiān de“ fǔ yuàn zhī zhēng” jiàn bá nǔ zhāng。 zài zhè zhǒng qíng kuàng xià， ān huī dū jūn zhāng xūn zhù dòng shuài qí“ biàn zǐ jūn” yú 6 yuè 14 rì jìn jīng“ tiáotíng”。 zhāng xūn jiě sàn guó huì， jiāng lí yuán hóng gǎn rù shǐ guǎn qū。 lí hòu de zǒng tǒng shì féng guó zhāng， duàn píng shí chēng qí wéi“ sì gē” kě shì miàn duì quán lì， zhè liǎng xiōng dì zhēng dé gèng lì hài， duàn yǔ lí shì shuǐ huǒ xiāng dǒu。 tā men què shì zhēn dāo zhēn qiāng！ duàn de bà dào yǔ bá hù bī dé féng guó zhāng zǒu tóu wú lù， zì dài liǎo yī lǚ jīng bīng， 22 xiāng zǐ dàn， yǐ xún shì nán fāng zhàn chǎng wéi míng， yán jīn pǔ xiàn nán xià， zhíbèn nán jīng lǎo cháo qù liǎo。 duàn què pài xīn fù duàn zhī guì jié zhù liǎo dà zǒng tǒng， féng dà zǒng tǒng bù kě néng kàn bù dào wéi zài huǒ chē zhōu wéi de hèqiāng shì bīng， zhǐ hǎo yǎn wàng jìn zài zhǐ chǐ de nán jīng hèn zài xīn tóu bù gǎn yán shēng， guāi guāi de huí dào běi jīng， cóng cǐ chè dǐ fàng quán gěi duàn qí ruì 。 7 yuè 1 rì， tā gōng rán yōng fèi dì pǔ yí fù bì， zì fēng yì zhèng dà chén jiān zhí lì zǒng dū、 běi yáng dà chén， bìng gǎi mín guó liù nián（ 1917 nián） wéi xuān tǒng jiǔ nián。 quán guó yú lùn dà huá，“ tǎo nì” hū shēng què qǐ。
zài lí duàn zhī zhēng zhōng yǐ tuì jū tiān jīn de duàn qí ruì duì zhāng xūn jìn jīng zì rán shì qiú zhī bù dé， dàn duì qí yōng pǔ yí fù bì yì yòu suǒ wén。“ zhāng xūn fù bì” gěi duàn qí ruì sù zhū wǔ lì yǐ dōng shān zài qǐ zhì zào liǎo yī gè jué hǎo jiè kǒu。 duàn qí ruì xuán jí zài tiān jīn zǔ zhì“ tǎo nì jūn” zǒng sī lìng bù， zì rèn zǒng sī lìng， yǐ duàn zhī guì、 cáo kūn fēn rèn dōng、 xī lù zǒng sī lìng， wú pèi fú wéi qián dí zǒng sī lìng， bìng yú mǎ chǎng shì shī“ tǎo nì”， hái tōng diàn fù rèn guó wù zǒng lǐ， chóngxīn zǔ gé。 zài“ tǎo nì jūn” de qiáng dà gōng shì xià，“ biàn zǐ jūn” hěn kuài shī bài， zhāng xūn yú 12 rì bèi pò bì rù hé lán shǐ guǎn。 zhè chǎng“ fù bì” nào jù bù guò shàng yǎn liǎo 12 tiān。 7 yuè 14 rì， duàn qí ruì kǎi xuán hái jīng， chóngxīn zhí zhǎng zhōng yāng zhèng quán。 1918 nián 8 yuè 10 rì， duàn qí ruì gǎi gé bì zhì。 1919 nián， wǔ sì yùn dòng zhōng， duàn qí ruì kòng zhì de běi jīng qīn rì zhèng fǔ， chéng wéi zhòngshǐzhīdì。 duì xué shēng yùn dòng de zhèn yā， gèng jī qǐ jǔ guó shàng xià fèn nù shēng tǎo。 zhí、 fèng liǎng xì shì shí dì lì yòng quán guó rén mín fǎn duì běi jīng zhèng fǔ de qíng xù， kāi shǐ cóng jūn shì shàng xiān qǐ dǎo wǎn yùn dòng， yì zài dǎ jī jí jù fā zhǎn de wǎn xì jūn shì lì liàng， dǐ zhì duàn qí ruì wǔ lì tǒng yī zhōng guó de zhèng cè。 1920 nián chū， 7 yuè 14 rì， zhí wǎn zhàn zhēng bào fā。
zhí wǎn zhàn zhēng yǐ wǎn xì shī bài gào zhōng， duàn qí ruì bèi zhú chū běi jīng。 tā bì jū tiān jīn rì běn zū jiè shòu jiē， kāi shǐ chī sù niàn fó， biǎo miàn shàng jìng xīn yǎng xìng， shí jì shàng réng mìqiè zhù shì zhe zhèng tán fēng yún， yǐ dài fù chū。 dāng zhí fèng shī hé， fèng xì zài dì yī cì zhí fèng zhàn zhēng zhōng huò shèng hòu， duàn qí ruì jí shí dì pài duàn zhī guì dào dōng běi lián luò zhāng zuò lín， yòu pài xú shù zhèng dào nán fāng jiāo hǎo yú sūn zhōng shān。 zài gè fāng de lì hài guān xì zàn qū yú yī zhì de qíng kuàng xià， duàn qí ruì 、 zhāng zuò lín、 sūn zhōng shān jié chéng“ sān jiǎo tóng méng”， gòng tóng fǎn zhí。 1924 nián 9 yuè， dì 'èr cì zhí fèng zhàn zhēng bào fā， zhí xì jiànglǐng féng yù xiáng yǐ 'àn zhōng jiē shòu sūn zhōng shān de guó mín gé mìng zhù zhāng hé duàn qí ruì de yóushuì， yú zhàn chǎng shàng tū rán dǎo gē， jìn 'ér huī shī rù jīng， fā dòng zhèng biàn， tuī fān bìng qiú jìn liǎo huì xuǎn zǒng tǒng cáo kūn， zhí xì zhàn bài。 féng yù xiáng jiāng qí suǒ bù gǎi chēng wèiguó mín jūn， tōng diàn yōng dài duàn qí ruì wèiguó mín jūn dà yuán shuài， bìng diàn yāo duàn qí ruì 、 sūn zhōng shān rù jīng gòng shāng guó shì。
11 yuè zhōng xún， féng yù xiáng、 zhāng zuò lín、 duàn qí ruì zài tiān jīn jǔ xíng huì yì， jué dìng zǔ zhì zhōng huá mín guó lín shí zhí zhèng fǔ， yǐ duàn qí ruì wéi lín shí zhí zhèng。 11 yuè 24 rì， duàn qí ruì jiù zhí diǎn lǐ zài běi jīng tiě shī zǐ hú tóng lù jūn bù jiù zhǐ zhí zhèng fǔ bàn gōng chù jǔ xíng。 jiàn yú yǐ wǎng dié cì“ fǔ yuàn zhī zhēng”， cǐ cì《 zhōng huá mín guó lín shí zhèng fǔ zhì》 nǎi jiāng zǒng tǒng、 zǒng lǐ hé yī， guī dìng lín shí zhí zhèng jiān yòu 'èr zhě zhī quán lì。 duàn qí ruì biǎo miàn shàng dà quán zǒng lǎn， bù shòu rèn hé yuē shù， shí jì shàng yóu yú zì shēn yǐ méi yòu shénme jūn shì shí lì， ér fèng jūn yǔ máo zhèng fēng， guó mín jūn yòu zhù zhā jīng jī， tā bù dé bù 'àn zhāng zuò lín、 féng yù xiáng de yǎn sè xíng shì。 jīn fēi xī bǐ， duàn qí ruì zhè gè“ zhí zhèng” yòu qí míng 'ér wú qí shí， tā de zhèng wù huó dòng duō shòu chè zhǒu。 1926 nián 3 yuè 18 rì， běi jīng xué shēng、 gōng rén、 shì mín děng gè jiè qún zhòng zài tiān 'ān mén jǔ xíng shēng shì hào dà de fǎn duì bā guó“ zuì hòu tōng dié” de guó mín dà huì， huì hòu yóu xíng shì wēi。 dāng duì wǔ dào tiě shī zǐ hú tóng zhí zhèng fǔ hé guó wù yuàn mén qián qǐng yuàn shí， zhí zhèng fǔ wèi duì zài bù jiā rèn hé jǐng gào de qíng kuàng xià， xiàng qǐng yuàn duì wǔ shí dàn píng shè， dùn shí xuè ròu héng fēi， zào chéng 47 rén sǐ wáng， 100 yú rén shòu shāng。 zhè jiù shì zhèn jīng zhōng wài de“ sān · yī bā” cǎn 'àn。
“ sān · yī bā” cǎn 'àn dǎo zhì liǎo duàn qí ruì zhí zhèng fǔ de kuǎ tái， wǎn xì běi yáng jūn fá jí tuán yě bù fù cún zài。 xī yǐng jīn mén de duàn qí ruì céng biǎo shì zhǐ tán fó jīng bù wèn zhèng zhì， shí jì shàng zài zhèng tán huó dòng liǎo jǐ shí nián de tā qǐ gān jì mò， bìng qiě，“ zhèng zhì” bù shí dì lái guò wèn tā。 rì běn tè wù tǔ féi yuán děng qǐ tú lā tā chū shān， zǔ zhì yī gè yǔ nán jīng guó mín zhèng fǔ xiāng duì lì de wán quán xiào zhōng yú rì běn rén de kuǐ léi zhèng quán。 duàn qí ruì méi yòu dāyìng。 duàn qí ruì qīn rì， yuán xiān shì yòu mù gòng dǔ de， dàn zài rì běn rén bǎ qīn lüè zhàn huǒ shāo jìn guó mén hòu， tā bù yuàn bèi rì běn rén qiān zhe bí zǐ zǒu。 wéi bù shǐ duàn qí ruì luò rù rì běn rén shǒu zhōng， nán jīng zhèng fǔ fāng miàn bù duàn pài qiǎn mín jiān rén shì běi shàng zuò duàn qí ruì gōng zuò， quàn qí nán xià。 1933 nián 1 yuè 19 rì， guó mín zhèng fǔ zhuān shǐ qián yǒng míng chí jiǎng jiè shí huān yíng duàn shì nán xià de qīn bǐ xìn hán dào tiān jīn， qǐng duàn“ nán xià yí yǎng”，“ bǐ dé suí shí jiù shāng guó shì”。 duàn qí ruì shùn shuǐ tuī zhōu， xiān dǐ nán jīng bài huì jiǎng jiè shí， suí jí dào shàng hǎi dìng jū。
duàn qí ruì dào shàng hǎi hòu， chū yù shì jiè xué shè， bù jiǔ jí bān zhì xiá fēi lù guó mín zhèng fǔ jūn shì wěi yuán huì jūn shì cān yì yuàn yuàn cháng chén tiáoyuán gōng guǎn。 tā zài zhè lǐ zhuān yì niàn fó， jiān chí chī sù。
1936 nián 11 yuè 2 rì， duàn qí ruì yīn bìng bù zhì lí shì， zhōng nián 72 suì。 12 yuè 9 rì， duàn qí ruì líng jiù yùn dǐ běi píng， zàn cuò yú xī běi wò fó sì。 1937 nián 7 yuè kàng rì zhàn zhēng bào fā hòu， duàn qí ruì jiā rén cōng cōng jiāng duàn mái zàng yú běi píng xī jiāo。 zhí dào 1963 nián， duàn qí ruì zhí zǐ duàn chǒng gāng hèzhāng shì zhāo fāng zài běi jīng wàn 'ān gōng mù mì dì 'ān zàng liǎo duàn， zhāng shì zhāo tí xiě liǎo mù bēi：“ hé féi duàn gōng zhī quán zhī mù”。
Tianjin Military Academy, has studied the art of war Duan Qi-rui, geography, military devices, batteries, algorithms, mapping and other new courses. In 1887, he was the "best in class" results from Tianjin Military Academy graduate. The spring of 1889, Duan Qirui other 5 to Germany to military officials Feirubolin. System with a year and a half in learning theory courses, Duan Qirui then deployed into a separate Krupp gun factory to learn six months (the other 4 early return home). Krupp gun factory was the world first-class arsenal, he was seen and heard here, with the opportunity to practice benefit. By the end of 1890, Duan Qirui studies abroad, serving Northern arsenal. The following year, transferred to Weihai, either with the business school instructors.
January 1912, to the bourgeois revolutionaries led by Sun Yat-sen in Nanjing Provisional Government set up the Republic of China. From January 23 onwards, Duan Qirui a alternate word for the court, that the idea of republicanism "can not contain the situation quite exuberant," 26, he joint the Northern Group of 46 senior officers, and also sent the Cabinet on behalf of the player power to directly request the clear ting "Please specify drop imperial decrees, declared foreign, standing republican form of government", the message also suggests that "the cabinet and is now temporarily on behalf of the Minister of State, etc. ... ... re-convene Parliament, organized a republican government." Obviously, this is aside the established Nanjing Provisional Government, which will be directly next to the power transfer from the Qing Dynasty to the Yuan approach. February 5, Duan Qirui it the first joint military co-president of more than 8 general power to issue on behalf of the player, called "Republic of body, so the king and the original Yao and Shun, save the people from untold miseries. The extent that 23 kings and a alternate to obstruct and Enzhi not awarded, and the people trapped, "" Ray, etc. also can not bear to buildings or have this scum, "the" rate of all the soldiers into the capital, and vocal kings and profile control ", and its headquarters moved from the Hubei Xiaogan back to Baoding. The next on the "23 Princes" by the soldiers on the court admonished the style tactics really come true. February 12, Empress Dowager of "Xuantong Emperor" award on behalf of abdication Chao, Qing dynasty was finally overthrown. Feb. 15, Yuan Shikai was elected as the Republic of China Nanjing Provisional Senate provisional president, followed by Duan Qi-rui Yuan appointed to the army chief, as chief commander Yuan Shikai regime.
Yuan to step down, to re-establish nominal Republican. Duan Qirui also boarded the potential peak power - as prime minister and the central government gradually took over all military and political power.
Paragraph in the Lebanon war has been relegated to Tianjin to Beijing Duan Qi-rui Zhang Xun nature of the holy grail, but also the restoration of its own Pu Yi heard. "Zhang Xun restoration" to Duan Qi-rui resort to force to create a perfect excuse to stage a comeback. Duan Qirui immediately organized in Tianjin, "Tao Ni Army" General Headquarters, to serve as commander in chief, to segment your Chi, Cao Kun, and sub-office East, West Commander, Wu Pei-fu to the Front commander, and swearing at the horse factory "Tao Ni "Prime Minister also resume his power to re-form a cabinet. In the "Tao Ni Army" powerful offensive, the "pigtail army" quickly failed, Zhang Xun in the 12th was forced to avoid Ruhe Lan embassy. This "restoration" is a farce staged for 12 days, however. July 14, Duan Qirui triumph still here, back in control of the central government. August 10, 1918, Duan Qirui currency reform. 1919, Fourth Movement, Beijing Duan Qirui control pro-Japanese government, was targeted. The suppression of the student movement, but also provoked angry condemnation the whole country. Straight, two-line Feng timely use of the National People's sentiments against the Beijing government began to back off from Anhui military campaign aimed at combating the rapid development of the Anhui clique military force against Duan Qirui force to reunify China policy. Early 1920, July 14, until the outbreak of war Anhui.
November mid-Feng, Chang Tso-lin, Duan Qirui meeting in Tianjin, decided to organize the Republic of China Interim Executive Government to the Provisional Ruling Duan Qi-rui. November 24, Duan Qirui inauguration Iron Lion alley in Beijing, site of the Executive Department of the Army at the government office. In view of the past, a alternate "Disputes of Government", the "Provisional Government" system is the president, prime minister one, provided both the power of both the interim ruling. Duan Qirui commanding power on the surface, free from any constraint, in fact, because of their own have little military strength, while the Fengtien Yu Mao Zhengfeng, Gyeonggi National Army then stationed, he had by Chang Tso-lin, Feng Yuxiang cue. Less than before, Duan Qirui this "power" in name but not a matter of fact, his administrative activities and more subject to constraints. March 18, 1926, Beijing students, workers, citizens and other people in Tiananmen Square staged massive public opposition to the eight "ultimatum" of the National Assembly, after the demonstrations. When the teams to iron lion alley in front of the Executive Government and the State Council petition, the Executive Government Guard without any warning, live-fire team to the petition, flesh and blood flying immediately, resulting in 47 deaths and 100 injuries. This is what shocked the world, "318" tragedy.
Duan Qirui to Shanghai, the World Society for the beginning of Apartments, soon moved to the National Government Avenue Joffre President of the Senate Armed Services Committee, Chen stressed the military element mansion. Here he specifically intended to recite, adhere to a vegetarian.
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