| 字： | 卜五 | ||||||
| 网笔号： | 菊人 | ||||||
| 籍贯： | 河南卫辉 | ||||||
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年鉴
１８７９年徐与袁世凯结为盟兄弟，得袁资助北上应试。先中举人，后中进士，授翰林院编修。
光绪十二年（１８８６）中进士，任翰林院庶吉士。
１８９７年，袁世凯在小站练兵时，兼任新建陆军参谋营务处总办，是袁世凯的幕僚之一，此後累获擢升。
１９０４年，袁世凯创建警察，保举徐世昌为巡警部尚书，负责京师的治安。
１９０７年东北改设行省，徐被任命为钦差大臣，东三省总督兼管三省将军事务。其时东北处于日俄战争之中，清朝的根本被蚕食，徐世昌多所举措，采取开商埠，借国债，连与国，修铁路等一系列措施。并在东北推行新政，以此来抵制日俄对东北的控制。
１９０９年，袁世凯被摄政王载沣罢黜，徐世昌自请病退，调任邮传部尚书，京浦铁路督办。
１９１１年５月，清廷设皇族内阁，徐成为仅有的四名汉人内阁成员之一。任协理大臣。辛亥革命爆发，徐力主起用袁世凯镇压革命。同年１１月袁组织责任内阁，徐改任军谘大臣、加太保衔。至袁世凯就任临时大总统後方向清室请辞。
１９１２年３月，袁世凯继任中华民国临时大总统，徐力辞太保，隐居青岛观望时局变化。
１９１４年５月，袁世凯据新的约法，改责任内阁制为总统制，由任徐世昌为国务卿，其时袁世凯称呼徐世昌、赵尔巽、李经义、张骞为“嵩山四友”。次年袁公开推行帝制，
１９１６年３月袁被迫取消帝制，恢复民国年号,徐为国务卿。徐在公私两方面为袁尽力。因要求讨袁护国军停战议和遭到拒绝，徐力荐段祺瑞继任。袁世凯死後，黎元洪任总统，段祺瑞任总理。二人不久即发生府院之争，徐以北洋元老资格应邀抵京，先调解黎元洪和段祺瑞之间的权力斗争，後又调解直系军阀首领冯国璋和段祺瑞的矛盾。
黎元洪去职后，１９１８年10月，徐世昌经皖系军阀操纵的安福国会选举为总统。他标榜“偃武修文”，下令对南方停战，次年２月于上海召开南北“议和会议”，但无结果。
１９１９年五四运动发生时，徐被迫免去曹汝霖、章宗祥及陆宗舆职务，以缓和全国舆论的反对。在北洋军阀各派系的斗争中，徐世昌惯以元老身份和居间调和者的角色因势操纵。
１９２２年第一次直奉战争后，直系获胜，控制了北京政府，曹锟、吴佩孚指徐世昌总统为非法，迫其去职，自此徐世昌退出政界，居住天津租界。晚年日本人尝试邀徐出任华北政府职务，徐世昌拒绝参加日军组建的华北傀儡政府，保持了民族气节。
天津徐世昌旧居1922年6月，徐世昌被派系“逼宫”下野，遂返乡做寓公，开始过诗、书、画三位一体的“隐逸”生活。
他与林琴南、严范孙、赵湘帆、华世奎等名士组成“晚清簃诗社”。如为严范孙题写的一首诗云：诗坛酒垒厌江湖，眼底纵横见此图；花月多情如梦幻，川原有恨入榛芜；客来关辅三霄路，臣本烟波一创徒。此诗恰切地表现了士者飘然山林，宦途如梦的退耕复杂心态，磊落高华，舒卷自如，颇有“超凡入圣”的浪漫。同行评价为“吟咏之功，度越前人”。
徐世昌在自己的退耕堂中做到了老有所为，诗、书、画一体三面。诗人往往独行其事，天马行空；书法家则需要具备诗人的某些素养，以进入更高的境界；而画家更要兼诗人与书法家的造诣，才能登峰造极。徐世昌出任大总统后，即自信“深得书法中三味，每日临池挥洒，分增局以上官员”。
他的书法多为行、草体，名重一时，在津门各殿堂里多有其墨迹。如天津老字号“正兴德茶庄”、“成兴茶庄”、“直隶书局”等匾额均出自他的手笔。1919～1926年，徐世昌将其书法作品汇集成《水竹邨人临帖》3册、《石门山临图帖》1册，刊印发行。他的书法大宗为对联，其余为条幅、册页之类。
徐世昌六岁开始学画，善画山水、松竹，尤其喜欢绘制扇面，造诣甚高，而且是每画必诗，一般不轻易送人，故他的绘画真迹少于书法遗迹。他的代表作《晴风露月四竹图》极为出名，人称：“画中晴竹，振雨露声；风竹摇曳飘洒，露竹沐甘浸润；月竹清漪宜人，为竹作中之精品。”该图为民间所收藏，民初作品，以六尺引卷作朱砂笔。1920年，徐世昌以大总统身份成立“国画研究社”，聘国画大家周肇祥主其事，同时拨巨额公款，明令成立北京艺术篆刻学校(今中央美院前身)，由陈师曾任校长，齐白石、王梦白等人任教。徐世昌下野之后，周肇祥仍将名人画作送往天津徐宅，请其为之鉴赏评论，还不时与徐世昌研讨中国绘画艺术问题。“国画研究社”曾与日本画社共同举办过国际联合画展，分别在中国、日本及其他世界各地展出。徐世昌也有作品送到展会展览，获得中外各界的一致赞誉。“平淡天真，意趣高古；笔锋凌厉，状如削玉；诗画相映，书画同体；神韵相连，清爽不凡。”徐世昌的粉墨花卉、松竹以及梅、兰、竹、菊四君子画，品位高雅，神韵仙体，在民国画坛声誉颇高。
１９３９年６月６日于天津病逝，享年８５岁。
徐世昌先後娶卫辉曹氏和辉县席无棣为妻，曾经在辉县百泉“水竹村”置办田宅。
徐世昌文人出身，昌诗、书、画俱晓。为总统时曾成立北京艺术篆刻学校，即後来中央美术院前身。为了阻止新文化运动的高涨，徐极力鼓吹“尊孔读经”以为抵制。退出政界於天津“退耕堂”过隐逸生活後，藉助僚友门客编撰书籍２０余种。著有《欧战后之中国》《退耕堂政书》《大清琨辅先哲传》《书髓楼藏书目》《东三省政略》等书。 徐世昌的书画作品颇有声誉，曾在中国、日本等国画展中展出。
主要编著书目
《清儒学案》
《颜李遗书》
《弢斋述学》
《大清畿辅先哲传》
《欧战后之中国》（巴黎大学荣誉博士论文）
《退耕堂政书》
《东三省政略》
《将吏法言》
《弢养斋日记》
《大清畿辅书征》
《书髓楼藏书目》
《元逸民画传》
《国乐谱》
《古文典范》
《明清八家文钞》
《水竹村人集》（又名《徐大总统诗集》）
《归云楼集》
《海西草堂集》
《退耕堂集》
《竹窗楹语》
《藤墅俪言》
《拣珠录》
《晚晴簃诗汇》（又名《清诗汇》）
徐氏家祠
徐世昌在卫辉市城内贡院街建有“徐世昌家祠”一座。１９１７年北洋政府在卫辉用招标办法拍卖官产，由徐世昌在卫辉的堂弟出面，购买原卫辉府参将衙门旧址，改建为徐氏家祠，１９１８年动工，１９２１年竣工。落成后，徐世昌偕同逊位的末代皇帝溥仪专程来卫参加徐氏家祠的落成庆典。该祠堂共分为四进院落。立于最前面的是一座高大的照壁，高７米，长１２.７米，砖石结构。照壁中央前后各镶嵌有五簇谷穗组成的“嘉禾”青石浮雕圆形图案，寓汉、满、蒙、回、藏“五族共和”与“五谷丰登”之意。该祠采用了我国古代传统的建筑布局，四面封闭，充分体现了封建时代家庭的内聚力。整个建筑规模宏大、气魄雄伟、布局严谨、砌筑工整、风格独特，既体现了我国清代建筑的传统风格，又有所创意，是近代具有代表性的优秀建筑，具有珍贵的历史、文物价值。
In 1904, Yuan created the police, the security held for the Patrol Division Shichang Shang, responsible for law and order in the Capital.
May 1911, the Qing government set up royal cabinet, Xu became the only member of the Cabinet of four Han Chinese. As Associate Minister. Revolution broke out, and Xu Yuan advocated only use suppress the revolution. Yuan organizational responsibility in November the same year, the Cabinet, Xu was named minister of military consultation, plus Taibao title. To Yuan Shikai became provisional president after the resignation of Fang Xiangqing room.
March 1916 Yuan was forced to cancel the monarchy, restoration of Republican reign, Xu Secretary of State. Xu Yuan in both public and private efforts to. National Protection Army cease-fire peace negotiations because of demands rejected the anti-Yuan, Xu Duan Qirui strongly recommend his successor. Yuan Shikai's death, President Li Yuan-hung, Duan Qirui prime minister. Two occurred shortly Disputes of Government, and Xu was invited to Beijing to Northern veteran status, the first mediation between Li and Duan Qirui power struggle, then head of the mediation warlord Feng Guozhang and Duan Qirui immediate contradiction.
In 1922, the first direct instructions from the war, the immediate victory, control of the Beijing government, Cao Kun, Wu Pei-fu refers to the President Hsu illegal, forcing the resignation means Shichang out of politics since then, living in Tianjin concession. Xu later years as the Japanese try to invite the North China government post, Shichang North refused to attend the Japanese established a puppet government, maintaining national integrity.
Shichang in their own farmland in the hall did worthiness, poetry, calligraphy and painting together on three sides. Lone poet often the case, unrestrained; calligrapher will need to have a poet of some accomplishment, to enter the higher realm; the painter and poet and calligrapher must attainments, to culmination. Hsu served as president, the self-confidence, "won the calligraphy of the shamisen, a day by a pond sway, divided by innings officials."
Shichang-year-old began to study painting, good painting landscapes, Bamboo, I particularly enjoy drawing fan, high attainments, but also each painting will be poetry, generally not easily give it away, so his painting calligraphy remains less than authentic. His masterpiece, "Ching Feng Lu Bamboo on four" very famous, called: "Fine bamboo painting, vibration and rain sound; wind swaying bamboo float in the air, Lu Gan Mu bamboo invasion; month bamboo Qingyi pleasant, as in the boutique for the bamboo . "The picture shows the folk collection, Early works to six feet paper cited as cinnabar. In 1920, the President Hsu Shih-chang to be established as "Traditional Chinese Painting Research Society," we Zhou Zhaoxiang employed painting the main part in it, also set aside huge sums of money, set up explicitly seal Beijing Art School (now the former Central Academy of Fine Arts), from Chen Shizeng president, Qi Whitehead, Wang Meng, who taught white. Shichang step down after the famous painting sent to Tianjin will Zhouzhao Xiang Xu home, please comment on which it was appreciation, not Shichang discussions with Chinese painting arts. "Traditional Chinese Painting Research Society" has been organized jointly with the Japanese art community through international joint exhibitions, respectively, in China, Japan and other parts of the world on display. Shichang also works sent to the event exhibition, access to foreign unanimous praise from all sectors. "Plain naive charm Ko Ko; Bifeng sharp, shaped like cut jade; Poems and serves as contrast, painting with the body; charm attached, fresh extraordinary." Shichang in full regalia flowers, Bamboo and plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum four noble art, high-grade , Verve Magazine, and in the high reputation of the Republic of China painting.
June 6, 1939 in Tianjin, died at the age of 85.
Major edited books
"Tao Zhai academic writing"
"Abandoned Church political book"
"King of Flowers Diary"
"Yuan hermit Painting"
"Eight Wen Chao Ming"
"Hercynian Cottage Collection"
"Li-Yan Teng Shu"
Xu ancestral hall
Shichang in Weihui Gongyuan Street, built the city, "Shichang Ancestral Hall" one. 1917 Northern Chinese Government in a tender auction Weihui official capacity, from Shichang in Hui's cousin to come forward and participate in the government will buy the original Hui Yamen site, into Xu ancestral hall, started in 1918, completed in 1921. Upon completion, Shichang with his or her demise last emperor Pu Yi Xu ancestral hall came to Methodist to participate in the completion ceremony. The ancestral hall is divided into four Jinyuan La. Stand in front, is a tall screen wall, height of 7 meters long and 12.7 meters, brick structure. Screen wall around the central cluster millet sprays mosaic composed of five "Golden Harvest" bluestone circle embossed pattern, Yue Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, "republic of five nationalities" and "bumper harvest" was intended. The Temple in ancient China used the traditional architectural layout, four closed, fully reflects the feudal family cohesion. The whole building large-scale, boldness majestic precise layout, masonry neat, unique style, both reflect the traditional architectural style of the Qing Dynasty in China, but also the creativity, is the outstanding representative of modern architecture, with precious historical and cultural value .