běi yáng zhèng fǔ zuòzhělièbiǎo

yuán shì kǎi Yuan Shikai lí yuán hóng Li Yuanhong féng guó zhāng Feng Guozhang xú shì chāng Xu Shichang zhōu zì qí Zhou Ziji gāo líng wèi Gao Lingwei cáo kūn Cao Kun huáng fú Huang Fu duàn qí ruì Duan Qirui hú wéi dé Hu Weide yán huì qìng Yan Huiqing dù yáng guī Du Yanggui gù wéi jūn Gu Weijun zhāng zuò lín Zhang Zuolin

xú shì chāng Xu Shichang běi yáng zhèng fǔ  (1854nián～1939nián) zì： bǔ wǔ wǎngbǐhào： jú rén jíguàn： hé nán wèi huī kāiduān zhōngjié zàiwèi 1918nián 1922nián  　　zhōng huá mín guó dà zǒng tǒng xú shì chāng （ １ ８ ５ ４ －１ ９ ３９ )， nán， hàn zú， qīng mò、 běi yáng zhèng fǔ guān liáo， běi yáng zhèng fǔ zǒng tǒng。 zì bǔ wǔ， hào jú rén， yòu hào tāo zhāi（ hào shuǐ zhú cūn rén） wǎn hào shuǐ zhú cūn rén、 shí mén shān rén、 dōng hǎi jū shì děng。 shēng yú hé nán wèi huī chéng nèi cáo yíng jiē sì hào yù shì， rǔ míng wèi shēng， liǎng suì shí suí jiā qiān wǎng kāi fēng， hòu yòu suí mǔ qiān huí wèi huī gòng yuàn jiē jū zhù， ７ suì sàng fù， jiā dào bài luò， chéng nián hòu zài qìn yáng、 tài kāng、 huái níng děng xiàn shǔ zuò wén shū hé jiā guǎn jiào shī。 zǔ jí zhè jiāng yín xiàn， chū shēng yú hé nán wèi huī， wǎn nián cháng jū tiān jīn。 tā céng shì yī wèi yuán shì kǎi de zhī chí zhě， yǔ běi yáng jūn fá guān xì mìqiè。 qīng jì hàn lín， guān zhì dōng sān shěng zǒng dū， tǐ rén gé dà xué shì。 xīn hài gé mìng hòu， yú yī jiǔ yī bā nián céng rèn dà zǒng tǒng。 gōng shān shuǐ， pō qīng xiù。 shū zōng sū shì， lüè biàn qí tǐ。 néng shī， shè wǎn qíng yí shī shè， luó zhì shī yǒu， biān yìn qīng shī huì。 yòu guī yún lóu tí huà shī jí， chéng yú yī jiǔ 'èr sì nián。 　　 nián jiàn 　　１８７９ nián xú yǔ yuán shì kǎi jié wéi méng xiōng dì， dé yuán zī zhù běi shàng yìng shì。 xiān zhòngjǔ rén， hòu zhōng jìn shì， shòu hàn lín yuàn biān xiū。 　　 guāng xù shí 'èr nián（１８８ ６） zhōng jìn shì， rèn hàn lín yuàn shù jí shì。 　　　１８９７ nián， yuán shì kǎi zài xiǎo zhàn liàn bīng shí， jiān rèn xīn jiàn lù jūn cān móu yíng wù chù zǒng bàn， shì yuán shì kǎi de mù liáo zhī yī， cǐ hòu lěi huò zhuó shēng。 　　１９ ０４ nián， yuán shì kǎi chuàng jiàn jǐng chá， bǎo jǔ xú shì chāng wéi xún jǐng bù shàng shū， fù zé jīng shī de zhì 'ān。 　　１９０７ nián dōng běi gǎi shè xíng shěng， xú bèi rèn mìng wéi qīnchāi dà chén， dōng sān shěng zǒng dū jiān guǎn sān shěng jiāng jūn shì wù。 qí shí dōng běi chǔyú rì 'é zhàn zhēng zhī zhōng， qīng cháo de gēn běn bèi cán shí， xú shì chāng duō suǒ jǔ cuò， cǎi qǔ kāi shāng bù， jiè guó zhài， lián yǔ guó， xiū tiě lù děng yī xì liè cuò shī。 bìng zài dōng běi tuī xíng xīn zhèng， yǐ cǐ lái dǐ zhì rì 'é duì dōng běi de kòng zhì。 　　１９０９ nián， yuán shì kǎi bèi shè zhèng wáng zài fēng bà chù， xú shì chāng zì qǐng bìng tuì， diào rèn yóu chuán bù shàng shū， jīng pǔ tiě lù dū bàn。 　　１９１１ nián５ yuè， qīng tíng shè huáng zú nèi gé， xú chéng wéi jǐn yòu de sì míng hàn rén nèi gé chéng yuán zhī yī。 rèn xié lǐ dà chén。 xīn hài gé mìng bào fā， xú lì zhù qǐ yòng yuán shì kǎi zhèn yā gé mìng。 tóng nián１１ yuè yuán zǔ zhì zé rèn nèi gé， xú gǎi rèn jūn zī dà chén、 jiā tài bǎo xián。 zhì yuán shì kǎi jiù rèn lín shí dà zǒng tǒng hòu fāng xiàng qīng shì qǐng cí。 　　１９１ ２ nián３ yuè， yuán shì kǎi jì rèn zhōng huá mín guó lín shí dà zǒng tǒng， xú lì cí tài bǎo， yǐn jū qīng dǎo guān wàng shí jú biàn huà。 　　１９１４ nián５ yuè， yuán shì kǎi jù xīn de yuē fǎ， gǎi zé rèn nèi gé zhì wéi zǒng tǒng zhì， yóu rèn xú shì chāng wèiguó wù qīng， qí shí yuán shì kǎi chēng hū xú shì chāng 、 zhào 'ěr xùn、 lǐ jīng yì、 zhāng qiān wéi “ sōng shān sì yǒu ”。 cì nián yuán gōng kāi tuī xíng dì zhì， 　　１９１６ nián３ yuè yuán bèi pò qǔ xiāo dì zhì， huī fù mín guó nián hào , xú wéi guó wù qīng。 xú zài gōng sī liǎng fāng miàn wéi yuán jìn lì。 yīn yào qiú tǎo yuán hù guó jūn tíng zhàn yì hé zāo dào jù jué， xú lì jiàn duàn qí ruì jì rèn。 yuán shì kǎi sǐ hòu， lí yuán hóng rèn zǒng tǒng， duàn qí ruì rèn zǒng lǐ。 èr rén bù jiǔ jí fā shēng fǔ yuàn zhī zhēng， xú yǐ běi yáng yuán lǎo zī gé yìng yāo dǐ jīng， xiān tiáojiě lí yuán hóng hé duàn qí ruì zhī jiān de quán lì dǒu zhēng， hòu yòu tiáojiě zhí xì jūn fá shǒu lǐng féng guó zhāng hé duàn qí ruì de máo dùn。 　　 lí yuán hóng qù zhí hòu，１９１８ nián 10 yuè， xú shì chāng jīng wǎn xì jūn fá cāo zòng de 'ān fú guó huì xuǎn jǔ wéi zǒng tǒng。 tā biāo bǎng“ yǎn wǔ xiū wén”， xià lìng duì nán fāng tíng zhàn， cì nián２ yuè yú shàng hǎi zhào kāi nán běi“ yì hé huì yì”， dàn wú jiēguǒ。 　　１９１９ nián wǔ sì yùn dòng fā shēng shí， xú bèi pò miǎn qù cáo rǔ lín、 zhāng zōng xiáng jí lù zōng yú zhí wù， yǐ huǎn hé quán guó yú lùn de fǎn duì。 zài běi yáng jūn fá gè pài xì de dǒu zhēng zhōng， xú shì chāng guàn yǐ yuán lǎo shēn fèn hé jū jiān tiáohé zhě de juésè yīn shì cāo zòng。 　　１９２２ nián dì yī cì zhí fèng zhàn zhēng hòu， zhí xì huò shèng， kòng zhì liǎo běi jīng zhèng fǔ， cáo kūn、 wú pèi fú zhǐ xú shì chāng zǒng tǒng wéi fēi fǎ， pò qí qù zhí， zì cǐ xú shì chāng tuì chū zhèng jiè， jū zhù tiān jīn zū jiè。 wǎn nián rì běn rén cháng shì yāo xú chū rèn huá běi zhèng fǔ zhí wù， xú shì chāng jù jué cān jiā rì jūn zǔ jiàn de huá běi kuǐ léi zhèng fǔ， bǎo chí liǎo mín zú qì jié。 　　 tiān jīn xú shì chāng jiù jū 1922 nián 6 yuè， xú shì chāng bèi pài xì“ bī gōng” xià yě， suì fǎn xiāng zuò yù gōng， kāi shǐ guò shī、 shū、 huà sān wèi yī tǐ de“ yǐn yì” shēng huó。 　　 tā yǔ lín qín nán、 yán fàn sūn、 zhào xiāng fān、 huá shì kuí děng míng shì zǔ chéng“ wǎn qīng yí shī shè”。 rú wéi yán fàn sūn tí xiě de yī shǒu shī yún： shī tán jiǔ lěi yàn jiāng hú， yǎn dǐ zòng héng jiàn cǐ tú； huā yuè duō qíng rú mèng huàn， chuān yuán yòu hèn rù zhēn wú； kè lái guān fǔ sān xiāo lù， chén běn yān bō yī chuàng tú。 cǐ shī qià qiē dì biǎo xiàn liǎo shì zhě piāo rán shān lín， huàn tú rú mèng de tuì gēng fù zá xīn tài， lěi luò gāo huá， shū juàn zì rú， pō yòu“ chāo fán rù shèng” de làng màn。 tóng xíng píng jià wéi“ yín yǒng zhī gōng， dù yuè qián rén”。 　　 xú shì chāng zài zì jǐ de tuì gēng táng zhōng zuò dào liǎo lǎo yòu suǒ wéi， shī、 shū、 huà yī tǐ sān miàn。 shī rén wǎng wǎng dú xíng qí shì， tiān mǎ xíng kōng； shū fǎ jiā zé xū yào jù bèi shī rén de mǒu xiē sù yǎng， yǐ jìn rù gèng gāo de jìng jiè； ér huà jiā gèng yào jiān shī rén yǔ shū fǎ jiā de zào yì， cái néng dēng fēng zào jí。 xú shì chāng chū rèn dà zǒng tǒng hòu， jí zì xìn“ shēn dé shū fǎ zhōng sān wèi， měi rì lín chí huī sǎ， fēn zēng jú yǐ shàng guān yuán”。 　　 tā de shū fǎ duō wéi xíng、 cǎo tǐ， míng zhòng yī shí， zài jīn mén gè diàn táng lǐ duō yòu qí mò jì。 rú tiān jīn lǎo zì hào“ zhèng xīng dé chá zhuāng”、“ chéng xīng chá zhuāng”、“ zhí lì shū jú” děng biǎn 'é jūn chū zì tā de shǒu bǐ。 1919 ～ 1926 nián， xú shì chāng jiāng qí shū fǎ zuò pǐn huì jí chéng《 shuǐ zhú cūn rén lín tiē》 3 cè、《 shí mén shān lín tú tiē》 1 cè， kān yìn fā xíng。 tā de shū fǎ dà zōng wéi duì lián， qí yú wéi tiáo fú、 cè yè zhī lèi。 　　 xú shì chāng liù suì kāi shǐ xué huà， shàn huà shān shuǐ、 sōng zhú， yóu qí xǐ huān huì zhì shàn miàn， zào yì shèn gāo， ér qiě shì měi huà bì shī， yī bān bù qīng yì sòng rén， gù tā de huì huà zhēn jì shǎo yú shū fǎ yí jì。 tā de dài biǎo zuò《 qíng fēng lù yuè sì zhú tú》 jí wéi chū míng， rén chēng：“ huà zhōng qíng zhú， zhèn yǔ lù shēng； fēng zhú yáo yè piāo sǎ， lù zhú mù gān jìn rùn； yuè zhú qīng yī yí rén， wéi zhú zuò zhōng zhī jīng pǐn。” gāi tú wèimín jiān suǒ shōu cáng， mín chū zuò pǐn， yǐ liù chǐ yǐn juàn zuò zhū shā bǐ。 1920 nián， xú shì chāng yǐ dà zǒng tǒng shēn fèn chéng lì“ guó huà yán jiū shè”， pìn guó huà dà jiā zhōu zhào xiáng zhù qí shì， tóng shí bō jù 'é gōng kuǎn， míng lìng chéng lì běi jīng yì shù zhuàn kè xué xiào ( jīn zhōng yāng měi yuàn qián shēn )， yóu chén shī céng rèn xiào cháng， qí bái shí、 wáng mèng bái děng rén rèn jiào。 xú shì chāng xià yě zhī hòu， zhōu zhào xiáng réng jiāng míng rén huà zuò sòng wǎng tiān jīn xú zhái， qǐng qí wéi zhī jiàn shǎng píng lùn， hái bù shí yǔ xú shì chāng yán tǎo zhōng guó huì huà yì shù wèn tí。“ guó huà yán jiū shè” céng yǔ rì běn huà shè gòng tóng jǔ bàn guōguó jì lián hé huà zhǎn， fēn bié zài zhōng guó、 rì běn jí qí tā shì jiè gè dì zhǎn chū。 xú shì chāng yě yòu zuò pǐn sòng dào zhǎn huì zhǎn lǎn， huò dé zhōng wài gè jiè de yī zhì zàn yù。“ píng dàn tiān zhēn， yì qù gāo gǔ； bǐ fēng líng lì， zhuàng rú xuē yù； shī huà xiāng yìng， shū huà tóng tǐ； shén yùn xiāng lián， qīng shuǎng bù fán。” xú shì chāng de fěn mò huā huì、 sōng zhú yǐ jí méi、 lán、 zhú、 jú sì jūn zǐ huà， pǐn wèi gāo yǎ， shén yùn xiān tǐ， zài mín guó huà tán shēng yù pō gāo。 　　１９３９ nián６ yuè６ rì yú tiān jīn bìng shì， xiǎng nián８５ suì。 　　 xú shì chāng xiān hòu qǔ wèi huī cáo shì hé huī xiàn xí wú dì wéi qī， céng jīng zài huī xiàn bǎi quán“ shuǐ zhú cūn” zhì bàn tián zhái。 　　 xú shì chāng wén rén chū shēn， chāng shī、 shū、 huà jù xiǎo。 wéi zǒng tǒng shí céng chéng lì běi jīng yì shù zhuàn kè xué xiào， jí hòu lái zhōng yāng měi shù yuàn qián shēn。 wèile zǔ zhǐ xīn wén huà yùn dòng de gāo zhǎng， xú jí lì gǔ chuī“ zūn kǒng dú jīng” yǐ wéi dǐ zhì。 tuì chū zhèng jiè yú tiān jīn“ tuì gēng táng” guò yǐn yì shēng huó hòu， jiè zhù liáo yǒu mén kè biān zhuàn shū jí２０ yú zhǒng。 zhù yòu《 ōu zhàn hòu zhī zhōng guó》《 tuì gēng táng zhèng shū》《 dà qīng kūn fǔ xiān zhé chuán》《 shū suǐ lóu cáng shū mù》《 dōng sān shěng zhèng lüè》 děng shū。 xú shì chāng de shū huà zuò pǐn pō yòu shēng yù， céng zài zhōng guó、 rì běn děng guó huà zhǎn zhōng zhǎn chū。 　　 zhù yào biān zhù shū mù 　　《 qīng rú xué 'àn》 　　《 yán lǐ yí shū》 　　《 tāo zhāi shù xué》 　　《 dà qīng jī fǔ xiān zhé chuán》 　　《 ōu zhàn hòu zhī zhōng guó》（ bā lí dà xué róng yù bó shì lùn wén） 　　《 tuì gēng táng zhèng shū》 　　《 dōng sān shěng zhèng lüè》 　　《 jiāng lì fǎ yán》 　　《 tāo yǎng zhāi rì jì》 　　《 dà qīng jī fǔ shū zhēng》 　　《 shū suǐ lóu cáng shū mù》 　　《 yuán yì mín huà chuán》 　　《 guóyuè pǔ》 　　《 gǔ wén diǎn fàn》 　　《 míng qīng bā jiā wén chāo》 　　《 shuǐ zhú cūn rén jí》（ yòu míng《 xú dà zǒng tǒng shī jí》） 　　《 guī yún lóu jí》 　　《 hǎi xī cǎo táng jí》 　　《 tuì gēng táng jí》 　　《 zhú chuāng yíng yǔ》 　　《 téng shù lì yán》 　　《 jiǎn zhū lù》 　　《 wǎn qíng yí shī huì》（ yòu míng《 qīng shī huì》） 　　 xú shì jiā cí 　　 xú shì chāng zài wèi huī shì chéng nèi gòng yuàn jiē jiàn yòu“ xú shì chāng jiā cí” yī zuò。１９１７ nián běi yáng zhèng fǔ zài wèi huī yòng zhāo biāo bàn fǎ pāi mài guān chǎn， yóu xú shì chāng zài wèi huī de táng dì chū miàn， gòu mǎi yuán wèi huī fǔ cān jiāng yá mén jiù zhǐ， gǎi jiàn wéi xú shì jiā cí，１９１８ nián dòng gōng，１９２１ nián jùn gōng。 luò chéng hòu， xú shì chāng xié tóng xùn wèi de mò dài huáng dì pǔ yí zhuān chéng lái wèi cān jiā xú shì jiā cí de luò chéng qìng diǎn。 gāi cí táng gòng fēn wéi sì jìn yuàn luò。 lì yú zuì qián miàn de shì yī zuò gāo dà de zhào bì， gāo７ mǐ， cháng１２ .７ mǐ， zhuān shí jié gòu。 zhào bì zhōng yāng qián hòu gè xiāng qiàn yòu wǔ cù gǔ suì zǔ chéng de“ jiā hé” qīng shí fú diāo yuán xíng tú 'àn， yù hàn、 mǎn、 méng、 huí、 cáng“ wǔ zú gòng hé” yǔ“ wǔ gǔ fēng dēng” zhī yì。 gāi cí cǎi yòng liǎo wǒ guó gǔ dài chuán tǒng de jiàn zhù bù jú， sì miàn fēng bì， chōng fēn tǐ xiàn liǎo fēng jiàn shí dài jiā tíng de nèi jù lì。 zhěng gè jiàn zhù guī mó hóng dà、 qì bó xióng wěi、 bù jú yán jǐn、 qì zhù gōng zhěng、 fēng gé dú tè， jì tǐ xiàn liǎo wǒ guó qīng dài jiàn zhù de chuán tǒng fēng gé， yòu yòu suǒ chuàng yì， shì jìn dài jù yòu dài biǎo xìng de yōu xiù jiàn zhù， jù yòu zhēn guì de lì shǐ、 wén wù jià zhí。 　　1879, Xu and Yuan Shikai became Mengxiong Di, north examination may Yuan funding. First in the lifts, and, after the Scholars, Professor Imperial Academy editing. 　　In 1904, Yuan created the police, the security held for the Patrol Division Shichang Shang, responsible for law and order in the Capital. 　　May 1911, the Qing government set up royal cabinet, Xu became the only member of the Cabinet of four Han Chinese. As Associate Minister. Revolution broke out, and Xu Yuan advocated only use suppress the revolution. Yuan organizational responsibility in November the same year, the Cabinet, Xu was named minister of military consultation, plus Taibao title. To Yuan Shikai became provisional president after the resignation of Fang Xiangqing room. 　　March 1916 Yuan was forced to cancel the monarchy, restoration of Republican reign, Xu Secretary of State. Xu Yuan in both public and private efforts to. National Protection Army cease-fire peace negotiations because of demands rejected the anti-Yuan, Xu Duan Qirui strongly recommend his successor. Yuan Shikai's death, President Li Yuan-hung, Duan Qirui prime minister. Two occurred shortly Disputes of Government, and Xu was invited to Beijing to Northern veteran status, the first mediation between Li and Duan Qirui power struggle, then head of the mediation warlord Feng Guozhang and Duan Qirui immediate contradiction. 　　In 1922, the first direct instructions from the war, the immediate victory, control of the Beijing government, Cao Kun, Wu Pei-fu refers to the President Hsu illegal, forcing the resignation means Shichang out of politics since then, living in Tianjin concession. Xu later years as the Japanese try to invite the North China government post, Shichang North refused to attend the Japanese established a puppet government, maintaining national integrity. 　　Shichang in their own farmland in the hall did worthiness, poetry, calligraphy and painting together on three sides. Lone poet often the case, unrestrained; calligrapher will need to have a poet of some accomplishment, to enter the higher realm; the painter and poet and calligrapher must attainments, to culmination. Hsu served as president, the self-confidence, "won the calligraphy of the shamisen, a day by a pond sway, divided by innings officials." 　　Shichang-year-old began to study painting, good painting landscapes, Bamboo, I particularly enjoy drawing fan, high attainments, but also each painting will be poetry, generally not easily give it away, so his painting calligraphy remains less than authentic. His masterpiece, "Ching Feng Lu Bamboo on four" very famous, called: "Fine bamboo painting, vibration and rain sound; wind swaying bamboo float in the air, Lu Gan Mu bamboo invasion; month bamboo Qingyi pleasant, as in the boutique for the bamboo . "The picture shows the folk collection, Early works to six feet paper cited as cinnabar. In 1920, the President Hsu Shih-chang to be established as "Traditional Chinese Painting Research Society," we Zhou Zhaoxiang employed painting the main part in it, also set aside huge sums of money, set up explicitly seal Beijing Art School (now the former Central Academy of Fine Arts), from Chen Shizeng president, Qi Whitehead, Wang Meng, who taught white. Shichang step down after the famous painting sent to Tianjin will Zhouzhao Xiang Xu home, please comment on which it was appreciation, not Shichang discussions with Chinese painting arts. "Traditional Chinese Painting Research Society" has been organized jointly with the Japanese art community through international joint exhibitions, respectively, in China, Japan and other parts of the world on display. Shichang also works sent to the event exhibition, access to foreign unanimous praise from all sectors. "Plain naive charm Ko Ko; Bifeng sharp, shaped like cut jade; Poems and serves as contrast, painting with the body; charm attached, fresh extraordinary." Shichang in full regalia flowers, Bamboo and plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum four noble art, high-grade , Verve Magazine, and in the high reputation of the Republic of China painting. 　　June 6, 1939 in Tianjin, died at the age of 85. 　　Major edited books 　　"Tao Zhai academic writing" 　　"Abandoned Church political book" 　　"King of Flowers Diary" 　　"Yuan hermit Painting" 　　"Eight Wen Chao Ming" 　　"Hercynian Cottage Collection" 　　"Li-Yan Teng Shu" 　　Xu ancestral hall 　　Shichang in Weihui Gongyuan Street, built the city, "Shichang Ancestral Hall" one. 1917 Northern Chinese Government in a tender auction Weihui official capacity, from Shichang in Hui's cousin to come forward and participate in the government will buy the original Hui Yamen site, into Xu ancestral hall, started in 1918, completed in 1921. Upon completion, Shichang with his or her demise last emperor Pu Yi Xu ancestral hall came to Methodist to participate in the completion ceremony. The ancestral hall is divided into four Jinyuan La. Stand in front, is a tall screen wall, height of 7 meters long and 12.7 meters, brick structure. Screen wall around the central cluster millet sprays mosaic composed of five "Golden Harvest" bluestone circle embossed pattern, Yue Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, "republic of five nationalities" and "bumper harvest" was intended. The Temple in ancient China used the traditional architectural layout, four closed, fully reflects the feudal family cohesion. The whole building large-scale, boldness majestic precise layout, masonry neat, unique style, both reflect the traditional architectural style of the Qing Dynasty in China, but also the creativity, is the outstanding representative of modern architecture, with precious historical and cultural value . << qiányījūnzhù: féng guó zhāng běi yáng zhèng fǔxú shì chāng Xu Shichang (1918nián～1922nián) hòuyījūnzhù >>: zhōu zì qí

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