太平天国 人物列表
洪秀全 Hong Xiuquan洪天贵福 Hong Tianguifu杨秀清 Yang Xiuqing
韦昌辉 Wei Changhui萧朝贵 Xiao Chaogui冯云山 Feng Yunshan
石达开 Dan Dakai
冯云山 Feng Yunshan
太平天国  (1815年1852年)
网笔号: 南王
籍贯: 广东花县禾落地村
开端终结
在位1852年

  冯云山(1815年—1852年6月10日),广东花县禾落地村(现广州市花都区)人,是太平天国天王洪秀全所封五王之一的南王,称七千岁。冯云山是洪秀全最早的支持者,是拜上帝会的始创人之一,早年在花县教私塾,后与洪秀全到广西紫荆(广西桂平市紫荆山区)、金田(广西桂平市金田村)一带传教。1852年5月太平军路经全州时,冯被清军炮火命中,6月伤重死亡。
  
  生平
  有记载称冯云山曾加入西方传教士郭士立(郭实腊)在香港创立的基督教会组织福汉会。1844年,冯云山和洪秀全一起到广西传教。洪秀全不久便返回广东,冯云山坚持留下,靠著放牛、拾粪挑大粪度日,与当地农民打成一片,结识了当地大冲村曾玉珩、曾玉镕兄弟,当了垫师,开始秘密传教,发展烧炭工杨秀清、萧朝贵、矿工秦日纲等人入教。1847年,洪秀全再到广西,当地的拜上帝会已略有规模。
  
  1848年初当地的地主团练捉了冯云山送到官府治罪,罪名是结盟聚众。拜上帝会信众筹钱贿赂地方官员,救出冯云山。此后拜上帝会继续发展。1851年金田起义后,洪秀全封冯云山为前导副军师、后军主将,后加封南王。冯云山制订了太平天国初期的官制、礼制和军制,又创造了一套独特历法,在太平天国内使用。
  
  1852年5月24日太平军路经全州时,守城清军遥见敌军中的黄轿,便开炮攻击,竟命中,冯云山受重伤,太平军愤而攻城。6月3日攻克。6月10日,冯云山伤势恶化,死于全州蓑衣渡。
  
  评价
  冯云山有毅力、有能耐,极受信徒尊重,最艰苦、最基础七年的紫荆山传教,均为冯云山奔走。杨秀清、萧朝贵、韦昌辉、石达开等人的加入,也是冯的功劳。《李秀成自述》曾提到:“谋立创国者出南王之谋,前做事者皆南王也。”论其智谋器度,实为太平天国第一人。


  Feng (1815 -1,852 on June 10), Guangdong Huaxian County Wo Landing Village (now Guangzhou Huadu District) who is the Taiping Heavenly King Hong Wang, one of the five letters Nanwang, said seven thousand years. Feng is the first Hong supporters, thanks to God, one of the originators of the early years, teaching private school in Huaxian County, Guangxi Province, after Hong Bauhinia (Guiping City, Thistle Mountain), Kaneda (Guangxi Guiping jintiancun) mission area . In May 1852 when the Taiping pass the state, fire Qing Feng was hit, died in June.
  Early 1848 caught the local militia Feng landlord sent official Code on charges of association gathered. Believers worship God raise money bribe local officials, rescue Feng. After prayer God will continue to develop. After the 1851 uprising annuity Tin, Hong Feng Feng as deputy army, division, leading, after the army chief commander, after the sealed Nanwang. Feng developed early Taiping Bureaucracy, ritual ceremonies, and military system, and also created a unique calendar, the use of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
  Feng have the resilience and ability, a very respected by his followers, the most difficult and most basic mission seven Zijingshan, Feng are running. Yang, Xiao Chaogui, Wei, Shi and others to join, also von credit. "Li Xiucheng readme" mentioned: "those who seek state legislative record of seeking out the Nanwang, the former work by key Nanwang also." Tolerant of his resourcefulness, in fact, the first person to Taiping.
<< 前一君主: 西王 萧朝贵太平天国冯云山 Feng Yunshan
(?~1852年)
后一君主 >>: 翼王 石达开
    

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