míng cháo mín biàn  (1404nián～1448nián)

jíguàn：	qìng yuán yè cūn
kāiduān zhōngjié zàiwèi 1444nián 1448nián 

　　 yè zōng liú ， qìng yuán（ jīn zhè jiāng shěng lóng quán shì nán） rén， míng cháo zhōng qī kuàng gōng pàn luàn shǒu lǐng。 zhèng tǒng qī nián（ 1442 nián） zài zhè mǐn shān qū cǎi yín， zhèng tǒng jiǔ nián（ 1444 nián） qī yuè， yú qìng yuán shuài kuàng gōng qǐ yì， zì chēng “ dà wáng ”， yǐ chén jiàn hú wéi jiāng。 bù jiǔ yòu yǔ fú jiàn de dèng mào qī pàn jūn jiàn lì lián xì， bǐ cǐ shēng yuán， gòng tóng zuò zhàn。 fēn liǎng lù jìn gōng， yī lù gōng fú jiàn pǔ chéng， yī lù jìn gōng chē pán lǐng（ jīn jiāng xī shěng qiān shān xiàn dōng nán）。 míng cháo pài dū yù shǐ zhāng jiē píng dìng yè zōng liú 。《 míng shǐ jì shì běn mò》 shuō tā zhèng tǒng shí sān nián（ 1448 nián） shí yī yuè， zài mǐn、 gàn biān jiè bèi zhǐ huī shǐ dài lǐ jī bài， zhōng liú shǐ sǐ。 ér《 míng shǐ》 zé shuō tā wéi chén jiàn hú suǒ shā。
　　
　　 yè zōng liú （ 1404 héng 1448 nián） zhè jiāng qìng yuán yè cūn rén ( jīn yū shàng )， chū shēn pín kǔ， yòu nián sàng fù， suí shū fù zài xuān píng dú sī shú， shāo cháng xí wǔ， lì zhì“ dāo pī rén jiān bù píng shì， qiāng dǎ shì shàng bù píng rén”。 liú luò dào chù zhōu ( jīn zhè jiāng lì shuǐ ) dāng guò fǔ shǔ zào lì， yīn bù kān shòu yā pò， yú zhèng tǒng qī nián (1442) shí 'èr yuè， yǔ chù zhōu rén yè xī bā、 chén shàn gōng děng dài lǐng shù bǎi míng liú mín dào fú jiàn fú 'ān， sī zì kāi bǎo fēng chǎng ( jīn shòu níng nán ) yín kuàng。 mǐn zhè yī dài shān qū duō yín kuàng， shì míng cháo fēng bì de jìn qū， dì fāng guān lì jīng cháng pài xún zú sōu shān qū zhú rù shān kāi kuàng de liú mín。 yīn yè zōng liú dài lǐng de rén duō， dì fāng guān fǔ biàn shàng bào liǎo cháo tíng， míng tíng mìng fú jiàn、 zhè jiāng liǎng shěng pài bīng sōu bǔ。 yè zōng liú jí jù shǒu yào dì， zhù zào bīng qì， wǔ zhuāng zì wèi。 míng cháo guān fǔ zǎo jiù bān lìng yán jìn“ tōu kāi kēng xué”、“ sī jiān yín kuàng”， wéi zhě“ chù yǐ jí xíng”， jiā shǔ fā pèi biān jiāng，“ rú yòu bù fú zhuī jiū zhě， jí diào jūn jiǎo bǔ”。 (《 míng yīng zōng shí lù》 juàn sì shí jiǔ， zhèng tǒng sān nián shí 'èr yuè yǐ chǒu ) yè zōng liú duì guān fǔ de jìn lìng bù yú lǐ cǎi。 jiǔ nián qī yuè， fú jiàn cān yì zhú yuān、 bīng mǎ zhǐ huī qiān shì liú hǎi shuài qiān yú guān bīng jìn jiǎo。 yè zōng liú jí lǐng dǎo kuàng gōng wǔ zhuāng qǐ yì， duì kàng guān bīng。 qǐ yì jūn yòu dí shēn rù， yǐ shè mái fú、 wā xiàn jǐng děng shǒu duàn dà bài guān bīng， qín shā zhú yuān， jiàn shāng liú hǎi。 qǐ yì jūn shǒu zhàn gào jié， mǐn běi gè kēng chǎng kuàng gōng fēn fēn xiǎng yìng， fù jìn yòu xiē pín kǔ nóng mín yě dào kuàng qū cān jiā qǐ yì jūn， qǐ yì jūn de shì lì xùn sù fā zhǎn dào xiān xiá lǐng tóng táng shān yī dài。 shí nián shí 'èr yuè， jiāng xī chéng xuān bù zhèng shǐ sī mìng guǎng xìn ( jīn shàng ráo ) fǔ hé qiān shān xiàn de guān bīng jìn jiǎo。 qǐ yì jūn qiǎng xiān gōng zhàn liǎo guān bīng bì jīng de yǒng fēng ( jīn guǎng fēng ) xiàn chéng， bìng chéng guān bīng dǐ chéng xià lì zú wèi wěn， chū chéng xí jī， jiān dí guò bàn， guān bīng cán bù táo huí。 cǐ hòu， qǐ yì jūn huó dòng yú mǐn zhè gàn sān shěng biān jìng shān qū， cǎi qǔ liú dòng zhàn shù duì fù guān bīng de“ sōu jiǎo”。 guān jūn“ dōng jiǎo zé xī zǒu， nán sōu zé běi yí”， cháng yú 'ài lù shè fú shā shāng guān bīng， yòu lì zé zhù dòng chū jī， duō cì fěn suì liǎo míng jūn de“ jìn jiǎo”。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí yī nián chūn， qǐ yì jūn fā zhǎn dào shù qiān rén， yè xī bā děng yī zhì tuī jǔ yè zōng liú wéi lǐng xiù， chēng“ dà wáng”。 sān yuè， míng tíng jiàn dì fāng guān bīng zhèn yā bù lì，“ zéi shì zī màn”， mìng yù shǐ liǔ huá tí dū mǐn zhè gàn sān shěng bīng mǎ hé lì“ zhēng jiǎo”。 liǔ huá dào fú jiàn hòu， yī miàn pài bīng“ jìn jiǎo”， yī miàn lìng gè fǔ xiàn， zài chéng zhèn hàngdào shǒu wěi jiàn 'ài mén ( shàng yòu chóngwū )， zài xiāng cūn jiàn wàng lóu， zhì jīn gǔ qì xiè zài shàng miàn， bǎ jū mín biān wéi zǒng xiǎo jiá， yóu zǒng xiǎo jiá cháng dài lǐng lún liú zhí sù zài 'ài mén、 wàng lóu shàng， jìn xíng liào wàng hé jǐng jiè。 qǐ yì jūn zài yǒng fēng、 pǔ chéng、 qìng yuán、 zhèng hé、 fú 'ān yī dài yǔ guān jūn zhōu xuán， xiàngjī shā dí， duō cì gěi guān bīng yú zhòngchuāng。 liǔ huá zhōng yīn“ sōu jiǎo” wú gōng， bèi dàn hé wèn zuì。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí 'èr nián 'èr yuè yǐ hòu， kuàng gōng qǐ yì jūn biàn jué liǎo zhèng hé shǎo yáng kēng、 shǎo tíng kēng hé mǐn běi qí tā kēng chǎng yín kuàng， suǒ huò bù zú fèi yòng。 yè zōng liú rèn wéi，“ yǔ qí qǔ yú shān， láo 'ér bù huò， shú ruò qǔ yú rén， yī jǔ 'ér yòu yú”， suì dài lǐng yì jūn dǎ chū kuàng qū， gōng xiàn liǎo zhèng hé xiàn chéng hé gè dà xiāng zhèn。 jiǔ yuè， yè zōng liú dài lǐng qǐ yì jūn huí qìng yuán，“ zhào lóng quán liáng gé shān rén yè qī wéi jiào shī， xùn liàn wǔ yì”， bìng xī shōu liǎo qiān yú míng qīng zhuàng nián chōng shí duì wǔ。 shí 'èr yuè， yè zōng liú huī jūn nán xià， yī jǔ gōng kè pǔ chéng。 shí sān nián zhēngyuè， gōng xiàn jiàn yáng， yán tú yòu yòu dà pī nóng mín cān jiā， duì wǔ yǐ dá jìn wàn rén， suì jìn jūn mǐn běi zhòng zhèn jiàn níng ( jīn jiàn 'ōu )。 yóu yú guān lì qián táo， biàn shùn lì zhàn lǐng liǎo fǔ chéng。 wèile 'è zǔ míng jūn rù mǐn， qǐ yì jūn yī bù yuè guò tóng táng shān jìn rù jiāng xī， zhàn lǐng liǎo mǐn gàn jiāo tōng yào dào shàng de chē pán lǐng， lǚ cuò guān bīng de jìn gōng。 bù jiǔ， yè zōng liú shuài qǐ yì jūn zhù lì zhuǎn zhàn zhè nán。 zhè shí， yè zōng liú de hǎo yǒu táo dé 'èr zài chù zhōu lǐng dǎo qiān yú nóng mín xiǎng yìng qǐ yì， qǐ yì jūn shēng shì gèng dà， kòng zhì liǎo mǐn zhè gàn sān shěng biān jìng dì qū hé jiāo tōng yào dào。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí sān nián 'èr yuè， zài kuàng gōng qǐ yì de tuī dòng xià， dèng mào qī lǐng dǎo diàn nóng zài shā xiàn xī nán de chén shān zhài qǐ yì。 dèng mào qī yuán míng dèng yún， jiàn chāng ( jīn jiāng xī nán chéng ) rén， diàn nóng chū shēn，“ yǒng hàn zì zhì”， yīn shā sǐ 'è bà dì zhù， táo dào fú jiàn níng huà xiàn tóu kào chén zhèng jǐng， huà míng mào qī。 fú jiàn dì zhù duì nóng mín jìn xíng cán kù bō xuē， mào qī cháng jù jí diàn hù móu huá kàng zū dǒu zhēng， bèi dāng dì guān fǔ chá jué， biàn zhuǎn yí dào shā xiàn。 liǔ huá zài mǐn dū jiǎo yè zōng liú kuàng gōng qǐ yì jūn shí， gè dì zǔ zhì zǒng xiǎo jiá， mào qī bèi tuī wéi xún jǐng zǒng jiá，“ shí jùn yì zhǎnglì shòu fù mín huì， zòng qí duō qǔ tián zū， bèi zhēng zhài xī。 xiǎo mín fù sù wú suǒ”。 shā xiàn diàn hù zāo shòu bō xuē yóu wéi yán zhòng， jiāo zū bì xū sòng dào dì zhù zhǐ dìng de dì diǎn， chēng wéi“ sòng zū”， féng nián guò jié hái yào xiàng dì zhù fèng xiàn jī yā zhī lèi de wù pǐn， míng wéi“ dōng shēng”。 dèng mào qī lì yòng zǒng jiá de shēn fèn， hào zhào fèi chú“ dōng shēng”， jù jué“ sòng zū”， yào dì zhù zì xíng shōu zū。 fù jìn nóng mín fēn fēn xiǎng yìng。 dì zhù men jí xiàng guān fǔ tóu sù， xiàn yá pài bīng dīng jī bǔ， mào qī jù bǔ， bìng dǎ sǐ liǎo lái bǔ de bīng dīng。 suí hòu， shā xiàn xiàn lìng qīn dài sān bǎi míng guān bīng jìn xíng wéi bǔ， mào qī zǔ zhì diàn nóng wǔ zhuāng dǐ kàng， shā liǎo xiàn lìng hé xún jiǎn， sān bǎi míng guān bīng jīhū bèi shā jìn， bìng“ jié qí fù mín， jìn shā zhī”。 yú shì， dèng mào qī shuài zhòng zhàn jù chén shān zhài， zhèng shì xuān bù qǐ yì， zì chēng“ chǎn píng wáng”， shè guān shǔ， shà xuè shì zhòng， xuān bù yào chǎn píng tiān xià de bù píng。
　　
　　 dāng shí， kào huì lù huàn guān wáng zhèn shàng tái de fú jiàn zuǒ bù zhèng shǐ sòng zhāng，“ jìn yú tān 'è， mín bù néng kān” (《 míng shǐ》 juàn yī bǎi liù shí wǔ《 dīng xuān chuán》 )。 yīn cǐ， dèng mào qī qǐ yì hòu fù jìn gè xiàn pín kǔ nóng mín“ jiē jǔ jīn gǔ qì xiè yìng zhī”“ yuǎn jìn zhì zhě， jiē fù qí dǎng”， xī yòu chén zhèng jǐng lǐng dǎo de níng huà nóng mín xiǎng yìng qǐ yì， dōng yòu jiǎng fú chéng lǐng dǎo de yóu xī wàn yú lú dīng ( liàn tiě gōng rén ) hé nóng mín shēng yuán。 qǐ yì jūn yǐ shā xiàn、 yóu xī wéi gēn jù dì， jiàn lì dì fāng zhèng quán， jī jí xiàng wài kuò zhǎn shì lì。 sì yuè， dèng mào qī dài lǐng nóng mín jūn zhù lì， cóng jiàndào běi shàng zhàn lǐng shān guān， gōng kè guāng zé， shùn běi tún xī 'ér xià， xiàn shào wǔ， rù shùn chāng， nóng mín jūn suǒ dào zhī chù， guān lì、 háo shēn fēn fēn táo nì。 tóng shí， níng huà nóng mín jūn jìn gōng lián chéng、 tīng zhōu ( jīn cháng tīng ) děng dì。 dèng mào qī yǔ jiǎng fú chéng biàn lián hé jìn bī yán píng ( jīn nán píng )， bā mǐn zhèn dòng。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí sān nián bā yuè， míng yīng zōng mìng yù shǐ dīng xuān chí mǐn“ jiǎo fǔ”， bìng yǐ dū dū liú jù wéi zǒng bīng， dū dū chén róng wéi fù zǒng bīng， chén zhào ( yī zuò sháo )、 liú dé xīn wéi zuǒ yòu cān jiāng， qiān dū yù shǐ zhāng jiē jiān jūn， shuài zhòng bīng suí hòu rù mǐn， yǐ jiě yán píng zhī wēi。 dīng xuān yī dào yán píng， jí mìng tóng zhī dèng hóng shuài bīng 'èr qiān wǎng shā xiàn zhēng jiǎo， zāo dào dèng mào qī、 jiǎng fú chéng lián hé fǎn jī， quán jūn fùmò。 dīng xuān yòu gǎi biàn shǒu fǎ， pài rén qián qù zhāo jiàng， yào nóng mín jūn“ jiě sàn， dé miǎn sǐ”。 dèng mào qī jiān dìng dì shuō：“ wú qǐ wèi sǐ qiú miǎn zhě！ wú qǔ yán píng， jù jiàn níng， sài 'èr guān， chuán xí nán xià bā mǐn， shuí gǎn kuī yān！” suì shā lái shǐ。 yán píng shǒu chéng yù shǐ zhāng hǎi jí máng pài dōuzhǐ huī zhāng mǒu dài bīng sì qiān qián qù zǔ jī。 nóng mín jūn yú wáng tái nán bù shuāng xī kǒu 'ài lù shàng shè fú dài dí。 yǐ 20 yú rén yǐn cáng zài liǎng cè cūn diàn zhōng， dà bù duì mái fú yú jiù jìn shān shàng。 dāng guān bīng dà duì rén mǎ yǐ guò， diàn hòu dōuzhǐ huī jiāng zhì zhī jì， cūn diàn zhōng de nóng mín jūn tū rán jǔ pái shān sài dào， xùn sù bǎ dū zhǐ huī jí shù míng cóng bīng qín shā liǎo。 děng guān bīng qián qū fā jué huí yuán， shān shàng fú bīng cóng cè miàn chōng xià yǎn shā， yī jǔ jiān dí shù qiān。 dèng mào qī biàn chéng shèng jìn wéi yán píng fǔ chéng。 zhāng hǎi zài cì shàng chéng yòu jiàng， wèi néng dé chěng。 jiē zhe shuāng fāng dà zhàn yú chéng wài， nóng mín jūn lián zhǎn míng jūn dōuzhǐ huī fàn zhēn、 zhǐ huī péng xǐ 'èr jiāng， guān bīng bù gǎn zài zhàn， bì chéng gù shǒu dài yuán。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí sān nián jiǔ yuè， zhāng jiē shuài nán jīng、 jiāng xī、 zhè jiāng bā qiān guān bīng jí shù bǎi míng měnggǔ qí bīng xiàng fú jiàn jìn jūn。 dèng mào qī pài rén yǔ yè zōng liú lián xì， shāng tǎo xié tóng duì míng jūn zuò zhàn wèn tí。 yè zōng liú jí pài zhòng bīng 'ě shǒu mǐn gàn biān jìng yào dào， zǔ zhǐ míng jūn rù mǐn。 zhāng jiē pài qiǎn liú dé xīn shuài piān shī yóu jiàn chāng rù shào wǔ， zì shuài zhù lì yóu zhè jiāng jīng guǎng xìn rù mǐn běi。 zhāng jiē zhì guǎng xìn shí， qí qián fēng chén zhào yǔ kuàng gōng qǐ yì jūn jiāo zhàn， bài sǐ。 zhāng jiē suì dòu liú bù gǎn jìn。 zhì shí yī yuè， zhāng jiē pà cháo tíng zhuī jiū， cái mìng dū dū chén róng、 zhǐ huī dài lǐ shuài bīng 'èr qiān jìn gōng qiān shān de huángbò pū。 yè zōng liú qīn shuài qǐ yì jūn yǔ míng jūn jī zhàn， bù xìng zhōng shǐ xī shēng ( dāng shí míng jūn bù zhī )。 qǐ yì jūn tuì rù shān zhōng， tuī jǔ yè xī bā wéi lǐng xiù， jì xù jiān chí dǒu zhēng。 yè xī bā pài rén cóng qiān shān、 yì yáng rào dào rù mǐn， yǔ dèng mào qī qǔ dé lián xì， bìng fēn bīng sì bǎi， jiā rù dèng mào qī lǐng dǎo de nóng mín jūn。 yè xī bā chú liú bù fēn bīng lì 'ě kòng chē pán lǐng wài， zhù lì yū huí shān lǐng zhī jiān， sì jī jiān dí。 bù jiǔ， míng jūn qián lái sōu shān， yè xī bā zài yù shān shí 'èr dū shè fú， shā sǐ liǎo chén róng、 dài lǐ hé dà pī míng jūn， wéi yè zōng liú bào liǎo chóu。
　　
　　 zài kuàng gōng de zhī yuán hé pèi hé xià， dèng mào qī jì xù wéi gōng yán píng， pài bù jiāng huáng qín、 liú zōng、 luó hǎi 'ě kòng jiàn yáng、 shào wǔ děng yào sài， yǐ fáng míng jūn nán xià。 tóng shí fēn bīng chū jī。 yī lù yóu chén jìng dé、 wú dū zǒng dài lǐng， lián kè dé huà、 yǒng chūn、 ān xī， zhí dǐ mǐn zhōng yán hǎi zhòng zhèn quán zhōu fǔ， yú chéng nán wǔ líng pō ( yī zuò gǔ líng pō ) huó zhuō shuài bīng lái zhàn de zhī fǔ xióng shàng chū。 yī lù zhǐ xiàng mǐn xī， yóu jiāng lè、 lián chéng， gōng dá shàng háng。 cǐ wài， hái yǐ 'èr qiān yì bīng běi gōng jiàn níng fǔ， zāo dào jiàn níng zhī fǔ zhāng yīng de xí jī， bài jì tuì huí。 nóng mín jūn chū jī shí， yán tú fén shāo yá mén， pò láo shì qiú， kāi cāng jì pín， shēn dé shòu kǔ mín zhòng de yōng hù， shù yuè zhī jiān lián kè 'èr shí yú zhōu xiàn， duì wǔ fā zhǎn dào shí yú wàn rén， jiàn lì liǎo shí jiǔ zhài sān shí liù yíng， duì míng wáng cháo zài dōng nán de tǒng zhì gòu chéng hěn dà wēi xié。
　　
　　 zhèng tǒng shí sì nián 'èr yuè， míng yīng zōng wén bào， xià zhào yán chì liú jù、 zhāng jiē“ jìn jūn rì jiǔ， quán wú shí xiào”，“ zài bù yòng xīn， bì shā bù yòu”。 tóng shí， yòu mìng níng yáng hòu chén mào wéi zhēng nán ( yī zuò píng yí ) jiāng jūn， bǎo dìng bó liáng yáo、 píng jiāng bó chén yù wéi fù jiāng jūn， dū dū tóng zhī fàn xióng、 dū dū qiān shì dǒng xīng wéi zuǒ yòu cān jiāng， xíng bù shàng shū jīn lián cān zàn jūn wù， tàijiàn cáo jí xiáng、 wáng jǐn、 chén wú jiān jūn， tǒng shuài jīng yíng hé jiāng zhè bīng sì wàn， pèi bèi shén jī chòng、 pào huǒ qì， rù mǐn“ zhēng jiǎo”。 zhì liú guǎng xìn de zhāng jiē， yīn liú dé xīn yǐ pò shān guān， rù guāng zé， zhàn shào wǔ， cái cóng jiàndào rù mǐn běi， yǔ liú huì gōng jiàn yáng。 cǐ shí， nóng mín jūn yóu yú huáng qín pàn biàn tóu dí， bìng wéi guān jūn yòu shā liǎo liú zōng、 luó hǎi děng yì jūn jiànglǐng， míng jūn zhōng yú dǎ tōng liǎo nán xià de tōng dào。
　　
　　 nán bù de nóng mín jūn zài yáng fú de dài lǐng xià， jiē lián gōng xiàn liǎo zhāng pǔ、 nán jìng、 cháng tài、 lóng yán děng dì， yú jìn gōng zhāng zhōu shí bèi míng jūn shǒu jiāng wèi zhǐ huī gù bīn jī tuì。 dèng mào qī jiǔ gōng yán píng bù xià， suì yí bīng běi gōng jiàn níng。 dāng shí， zhāng jiē yǐ shuài bīng dǐ jiàn níng， jīn lián de dà jūn yě jiāng rù mǐn， xíng shì duì nóng mín jūn bù lì， dèng mào qī biàn zhù dòng chè bīng tuì shǒu chén shān zhài yī dài。 èr yuè， yóu yú qián fú nóng mín jūn nèi bù de pàn tú zhāng yóu sūn、 luó rǔ xiān de yǐn yòu， dèng mào qī zài cì shuài bīng jìn gōng yán píng。 dāng nóng mín jūn cóng xī nán dù hé shí， míng jūn mái fú zài xī běi de chòng、 pào tū rán qí fā。 nóng mín jūn shāng wáng shù bǎi， kuì tuì xià lái。 míng jūn zhǐ huī liú fú yòu shuài mái fú zài fù jìn de guān bīng yǎn jī， zài hùn zhàn zhōng dèng mào qī bù xìng zhōng liú shǐ zhèn wáng ( yī shuō bèi zhǎn )。
　　
　　 dèng mào qī xī shēng hòu， xíng shì jí zhuǎn zhí xià。 zhù shǒu shā xiàn de nóng mín jūn tuī jǔ dèng mào qī de zhí zǐ dèng bó sūn wéi lǐng xiù， shuài nóng mín jūn yú bù jù shǒu chén shān zhài、 hòu yáng、 gòng chuān、 jiǔ lóng shān děng dì。 jì xù kàng jī guān bīng。 zhāng jiē、 jīn lián yī miàn fēn bīng jìn jiǎo， yī miàn pài pàn tú zhāo jiàng， bìng shī zhǎn líjiàn jì shǐ dèng bó sūn shā liǎo nóng mín jūn xiāo jiāng zhāng liú sūn， shǐ dèng bó sūn xiàn yú gū lì。 sān yuè， jiǔ lóng shān děng jù diǎn xiāng jì shī shǒu。 wǔ yuè， chén shān zhài zuì hòu xiàn luò， dèng bó sūn bèi bǔ zāo hài， nóng mín jūn jiàngshì 'èr bǎi yú rén xùnnàn。 zhì cǐ dèng mào qī lǐng dǎo de nóng mín qǐ yì bèi zhèn yā xià qù。
　　
　　 yè xī bā、 táo dé 'èr lǐng dǎo de kuàng gōng qǐ yì jūn， zài míng jūn rù mǐn hòu zhuǎn zhàn zhè nán， lǚ bài guān bīng， wéi kùn chù zhōu dá shù yuè zhī jiǔ。 hòu zhāng jiē huí shī zhè nán， qǐ yì jūn shòu cuò， yú jǐng tài yuán nián (1450) jìn gōng wǔ yì、 yǒng kāng shī lì， táo dé 'èr bèi fú jiù yì。 zhè zhī qǐ yì jūn yě gào shī bài。
　　
　　 yè zōng liú 、 dèng mào qī lǐng dǎo de kuàng gōng hé nóng mín qǐ yì， shì míng cháo zhōng yè jiào dà guī mó de nóng mín qǐ yì。 tā men lián hé fǎn duì fēng jiàn tǒng zhì de dǒu zhēng， zài wǒ guó nóng mín zhàn zhēng shǐ shàng jù yòu zhòng dà de yì yì。

　　Yezong Liu, Qingyuan (now Longquan City, Zhejiang Province, south) who, mid-Ming Dynasty miners rebel leader. Orthodox seven years (in 1442) in Zhejiang and Fujian mountain silver mining, orthodox nine (1444) in July, the rate in Qingyuan miners uprising, called himself "king" to Chan Kam Hu to be. Soon after Mao and Deng Fujian seven rebels to establish contact with each other solidarity, co-operation. It divides the offensive attack Fujian Pucheng way, way offensive car plate Ridge (Yanshan County, Jiangxi Province, southeast of this). Royal Shizhang Kai Ming camp had pacified Yezong Liu. "History of the Ming Chronicle cart before the horse," said he orthodox 10 years (in 1448) in November, in Fujian, Jiangxi border is directed to defeat Dai Li, the flow vector death. The "History of Ming Dynasty," says Chan Kam Hu he killed.
　　Yezong Liu (1404-1448 years) Zhejiang Qingyuan leaf village (now the silt on), born poor, childhood death of his father, with his uncle read the declared level private school, longer martial arts, determined to "Dao Pi human grievance, gun fight grievances of people the world. " Scattered around the state (now Zhejiang Lishui) had been a government department Zaoli, as unbearable oppression, on conventional seven years (1442) in December, and the State Department, who leaves the Greek VIII, Chen Shangong led hundreds of celebrities and other people in Fujian Fuan, without permission Baofeng open field (this life Ningxia) silver. Silver Mine in the mountains along the Fujian and Zhejiang, the restricted area closed to the Ming Dynasty, local officials often send patrols into the mountains Death Search Mountain expulsion of displaced mines. Led by Ye Zongliu many people, the local government will be submitted to the court, Ming court life of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces troops arrest. Ye Zongliu that entrenched location, casting weapons, armed self-defense. Early Ming Dynasty official order is prohibited to "steal open pits," "Private fried silver" offenders "capital punishment", the families of exiled frontier, "if dissatisfied investigated, namely, Diao Chao Bu." ("Ming Hidemune Record," volume IV 19, the orthodox three years in December Yi Chou) Yezong Liu ignored on the official ban. Nine in July, Fujian Services Zhu Yuan, Liu rate of more than a thousand officers and men of troops and horses Zhihuiqianshi military offensive. Ye Zongliu armed uprising that led the miners, against the officers and men. Rebels to lure the enemy in depth, to set up an ambush, soldiers digging traps and other means to defeat, Qin Sha Zhu Yuan, Jian Shang Hai. The rebels won the first battle and the Northern miners have to respond to the pit field, near some poor farmers to participate in mining areas the rebels, the rebel army forces have grown rapidly to xianxia ling Tong Hill copper. Years in December, Jiangxi Cheng Guang Xin Xuan administrative commissioner Siming (now Shangrao) and Yanshan county government military offensive against the officers and men. Officers and soldiers the rebels captured the first to go through the Yuen Foong (now Guangfeng) county, and arrival in the city by the officers and men under the weak footing, out of the city attacked, annihilated more than half of the officers and men escaped remnants. Since then, the rebels activities in the mountainous border provinces of Fujian, Zhejiang, to mobile tactics on Fuguan Bing's "ferreting." Government troops, "destroy the West to go East, South seized the north", and often had laid an ambush at the narrow passage of anti-men, enabling you to take the initiative, repeatedly smashed the Ming army's "military offensive."
　　Orthodox years in February after the rebels all over the miners dug a pit governance and Shaoyang, less Pavilion pit and pit fields in northern Fujian other silver, received less than the cost. Yezong Liu believes that "his take on the mountain, not by labor, Shuruo access to people, but more than one stroke," and to lead the volunteers to play mine, captured the governance and the county seat and major towns. In September, led the rebels back Yezong Liu Qingyuan, "Zhao Liang Ge Longquan Hermit leaves seven for teachers, training, martial arts," and absorbed substantial contingent of more than a thousand young. December, Yezong Liu Huijun south, captured in one fell swoop Pucheng. 10 years the first month, Jianyang captured along the way there are a large number of farmers to participate, the team has reached nearly ten thousand people, then into the northern Fujian city of Jianning (now Jianou). As the officials fled, they occupied the city with the smooth. In order to curb the Ming army to Fujian, the rebels of a hill into the pond over the copper Jiangxi, Fujian and Jiangxi, occupying a lane of car traffic to disk Ridge, repeatedly attacked the officers and men fell. Soon, Ye Zongliu rate main rebels fought south of Zhejiang. At this time, Yezong Liu Tao were two friends led more than a thousand farmers in the State Department response to the uprising, the rebels even greater momentum to control the border provinces of Fujian, Zhejiang and traffic arteries.
　　Orthodox 10 years in February, under the impetus of the uprising in the miners, the leadership of Deng Mao-seven tenants in the southwest Sa Chen cottage uprising. Deng Mao-seven formerly Yun Deng, Jianchang (now Jiangxi Nan) who was born tenant farmers, "Zhi Yong Han from the" despotic landlord for killing, fled to seek refuge in Fujian Ninghua Chen Jing, a pseudonym Moshichi. Fujian landlords cruel exploitation of the peasants, Mao often gathered seven planning Struggle Against the tenant was aware of the local authorities, they moved to Sa. Liu Hua, Min Ye Zongliu miners Governor destroy the rebels, the Organization of small parts A, Mao pushed to seven the total A police officer, "the enriching Jun Yi prefecture officials by bribery, vertical take their multi-farm rents, times the debt service levy . Xiaomin went to Su nothing. " Sa tenant exploitation is particularly serious, the rent must be sent to the designated host location, called the "free rental" holidays, but also contribute to the host of items like poultry, known as "winter sacrifice." Deng Mao-7 using the identity of the total A, called repeal "winter sacrifice" refused "to send rent" to the landlords own rental. Nearby farmers have to respond. Landowners official complaint immediately, County of Sichuan troops arrest Ding, Mao seven resisting arrest, and to catch the soldiers killed. Subsequently, pro-Shaxian magistrate conducted with 300 officers and soldiers rounded up, Mao organized peasant seven armed resistance, killing the magistrate and the patrol, killing nearly 300 officers and men do, and "rob the rich people, every kill." Thus, Deng Mao-Chan cottage occupied seven leading his men, officially announced the uprising, claiming to be "leveling the king", based Guan Zhu, drink blood oath the public, announced leveling world of injustice.
　　Orthodox 10 years in August, Ming Yu Shi Dingxuan Chi Min Hidemune life "Suppression and Comfort", and to the military governor Liu clustered Chief General, the military governor for the Fuzong Bing Chen, Chen Chao (1 for Shao), the new left and right reference to Liu, Ye Qian Jianjun Yu Shi Zhangkai all, then to Fujian heavily rates to relieve the crisis, Yanping. Ding Xuan 1 to Yanping, Deng shuaibing 2000 that ordered sub-prefect to Sa conquering, seven were Deng Mao, Jiang Fucheng joint counter, completely annihilated. Ding Xuan has changed tactics, sent his staff to summon somebody to surrender, to peasant army "dissolution may be exempt from death." Deng Mao-7 said firmly: "I Qi seeking to avoid those afraid of dying! I take Yanping, according to Jianning, plug the second pass, entering a Chuanxi south, who would dare to peep Yan!" Then kill to make. Censor Zhang Yanping defenders were quickly sent troops in 4000 went to check the command Zhang. Peasant army in the Wang Tai Xikou defile on the southern pair of when the enemy ambushed. More than 20 people on both sides of the village hidden in the store, large forces ambush close to the mountains. When the officers and men of Battalion troops have passed, bring up the rear were the occasion of the command approaching the village shop scheduling peasant army suddenly give Cyprus Road gate quickly to all command and several from the soldiers Qinsha the. And other officers and men returned to find assistance precursor, washed down the mountain ambush a surprise attack from the side, and destroy the enemy at one stroke of thousands. Deng Mao-7 will follow up a victory into the Wai Yanping Tainan. Zhang once again on the City Seductive, did not succeed. Then the two battle outside the city, farmers even cut out the military command of the military are true Fan, Peng Xi II of command, officers and soldiers can not fight another day, stick to be closed city assistance.
　　Orthodox 10 years in September, Zhang Kai rate of Nanjing, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, 8,000 soldiers and hundreds of Mongolian cavalry march to Fujian. Deng Mao-7 and Ye Zongliu send contact to discuss collaboration on the next issue of military operations. Yezong Liu Ji Pai massive forces guarding the border in Fujian and Jiangxi arteries, to prevent the Ming troops into Fujian. Zhang Kai Liu to send the new rate of partial division into by the Jianchang Shaowu, since rates of main entry from the northern Fujian, Zhejiang been widely believed. Zhang Kai Kwong letter, the striker Chen Chao and miners fighting the rebels, was defeated and killed. Zhang Kai then stay can not enter. Nov, Zhang Kai afraid the court held, was ordered military governor Chen, Dai Li shuaibing 2000 directing the Cork attack Kanayama shop. Yezong Liu Ming army personally led a rebel army battle, unfortunately, Nakaya sacrifice (when the Ming troops do not know). The rebels retreated into the mountains, the Greek leaves eight elected as leaders, to continue the struggle. Ye sent from Kanayama Greek 8, Yiyang Bypass to Fujian, and Deng Mao-7 contact, and divide our forces 400, to join the leadership of Deng Mao's peasant army seven. Ye hope to remain part of the eight forces briefly controlled addition to a flat ridge, the main winding between mountains, opportunistic and destroy the enemy. Soon, the military came to search out mountains, leaves 12 Greek 8 have had laid an ambush in Yushan, killing Chen, Dai Li and the large number of out troops, as Yezong Liu avenged.
　　Ye Xi 8, Tao was the second rebel army led by miners, after the Ming troops fought in the south of Zhejiang to Fujian, and futile attempts of officers and soldiers, the siege of State Department for several months. Zhang Kai return in triumph after the south of Zhejiang, the rebels defeated in Jingtai first year (1450) attack Wuyi, Yongkang loss, Tao was the second prisoner died as a martyr. Zhezhi rebels have failed.