míng zhèng  (1624年～1662年)

字：	míng yǎn
网笔号：	nán míng yán píng jùn wáng zhāo tǎo dàjiàng jūn
开端 终结 在位 1661年 1662年 

　　 zhèng chéng gōng （ 1624 － 1662 nián）， míng qīng zhī jì mín zú yīng xióng， wǒ guó lì shǐ shàng zhù míng de jūn shì jiā、 zhèng zhì jiā。 běn míng sēn， yòu míng fú sōng， zì míng yǎn， hào dà mù， hàn zú， fú jiàn shěng nán 'ān shì shí jǐng zhèn rén。 yú gōng yuán 1624 nián 8 yuè 27 rì dàn shēng， shǐ shū jìzǎi tā “ shàonián cōng mǐn， yīng yǒng yòu wéi ”。 11 suì shí jiù yǐ shì cōng míng guò rén， xiě guò yī wén：《 xiǎo zǐ dāng sǎ sǎo yìng duì jìn tuì》， qí wén zhōng zhè me shuō dào： tānɡ wǔ zhī zhēng zhū， yī sǎ sǎo yě； yáo shùn zhī yī ràng， yī jìn tuì yìng duì yě。 qí shī wéi zhī zàn bù jué kǒu。 qí fù zhèng zhī lóng， qí mǔ míng tián chuān shì。 zǔ jí hé nán shěng gù shǐ xiàn wāng péng xiāng dèng dà miào cūn。 hóng guāng shí jiān shēng， míng shào zōng cì xìng zhū、 bìng fēng zhōng xiào bó， zhè yě jiù shì tā sú chēng“ guó xìng yé” de yóu lái。 qīng bīng rù mǐn， qí fù zhèng zhī lóng yíng jiàng， tā kū jiàn bù tīng， qǐ bīng kàng qīng。 hòu yǔ zhāng huáng yán lián shī běi fá， zhèn dòng dōng nán。 kāng xī yuán nián（ 1662 nián） biàn shuài jiāng shì shù wàn rén， zì xiàmén chū fā， yú tái wān hé liáo gǎng dēng lù， jī bài hé lán zhí mín zhě， shōu fù tái wān， yòu jiàn shè tái wān , gèng shǐ tā biāo bǐng qiān gǔ， qīng shǐ liú míng。 dàn dāng shí tái wān yīn wéi chǔyú rè dài zài jiā shàng wèi shēng tiáo jiàn bǐ jiào chā， zhèng chéng gōng dào liǎo tái wān méi duō jiǔ jiù rǎn shàng liǎo yì bìng， bìng yú 1662 nián 6 yuè 23 rì（ nóng lì wǔ yuè chū bā） bìng shì， zài shì 38 nián。
　　 xiào zhōng jūn guó kàng jī mǎn qīng
　　1644 nián， mǎn qīng rù guān， zhàn jù běi jīng chéng hòu， yòu yú shùn zhì 'èr nián（ 1645 nián） xiāo miè liǎo míng cháo yí chén yōng lì de fú wáng zhū yóu sōng zài nán jīng jiàn lì de hóng guāng zhèng quán， yú shì yòu míng shì xuè tǒng de míng táng wáng zhū yù jiàn zài fú zhōu chēng dì， nián hào wéi“ lóng wǔ”。 lóng wǔ dì fēng zhèng zhī lóng wéi jiàn 'ān bó， hòu jiā fēng píng guó gōng。 zhèng zhī lóng dài zhe dāng shí 21 suì de zhèng sēn qù bài jiàn huáng dì xiè 'ēn， zài huì miàn zhōng huáng dì wèn qǐ gāi rú hé jiù guó， zhèng sēn yòng nán sòng yuè fēi de huà shuō：“ wén chén bù 'ài qián， wǔ chén bù xī sǐ， tiān xià tài píng yǐ。” lóng wǔ dì hěn zàn shǎng zhèng sēn de duì dá， cì xìng wéi míng cháo de guó xìng zhū， gǎi míng wéi chéng gōng， bìng fēng zhōng xiào bó， zhè yě jiù shì tā sú chēng guó xìng yé de yóu lái。 zhèng chéng gōng 22 suì rèn nán míng lóng wǔ dì yù yíng zhōng jūn dū dū。 qīng shùn zhì sān nián（ nán míng lóng wǔ 'èr nián， 1646 nián）， qīng jūn gōng kè fú jiàn， táng wáng lóng wǔ huáng dì yù hài， zài qīng dà xué shì hóng chéng chóu de zhāo fǔ xià， zhèng chéng gōng de fù qīn rèn wéi míng cháo qì shù yǐ jìn， bù gù zhèng chéng gōng de fǎn duì， zhǐ shēn běi shàng xiàng qīng cháo cháo tíng tóu jiàng。 qīng jūn zài zhè shí lüè jié zhèng jiā， zhèng chéng gōng de mǔ qīn tián chuān shì wéi miǎn shòu rǔ yú qīng bīng， qiē fù zì jìn。“ guó chóu jiā hèn” zhī xià， lóng wǔ 'èr nián shí 'èr yuè（ 1647 nián 1 yuè） zhèng chéng gōng zài liè yǔ（ xiǎo jīn mén） qǐ bīng， qí zhì shàng de chēng hào shì“ zhōng xiào bó zhāo tǎo dàjiàng jūn zuì chén zhū chéng gōng”。 yǒng lì sān nián（ 1649 nián） gǎi fèng nán míng yǒng lì nián hào， yǒng lì dì fēng tā wéi yán píng jùn wáng， gù yì yòu chēng qí wéi zhèng yán píng zhě。 1651 nián dào 1652 nián zài mǐn nán xiǎo yíng lǐng、 hǎi chéng（ jīn lóng hǎi） děng dì qǔ dé 3 cì zhòng dà shèng lì， jiān miè zhù mǐn qīng jūn zhù lì。 hòu huī shī běi qǔ zhè jiāng zhōu shān， nán pò guǎng dōng jiē yáng。 shùn zhì shí 'èr nián（ 1655 nián）， qīng dìng yuǎn dàjiàng jūn jì dù shuài bīng yuē 3 wàn rù mǐn， huì tóng zhù mǐn qīng jūn， jìn gōng zhèng jūn。 zhèng chéng gōng lì yòng qīng jūn bù shàn shuǐ zhàn de ruò diǎn， yòu qí chū hǎi zuò zhàn， cì nián sì yuè jiāng qí shuǐ shī jiān miè yú xiàmén wéi tóu hǎi yù。 zài qǐ yì hòu de 16 nián jiān， zhèng chéng gōng jù dì zài xiàn jīn xiǎo jīn mén hé xiàmén（ dāng shí wéi yī xiǎo dǎo， bìng méi yòu hé dà lù lián zài yī qǐ） yī dài de xiǎo dǎo， wán quán kòng zhì liǎo hǎi quán， yǐ hé wài guó rén zuò shēng yì shōu jí zī jīn， chóu bèi jūn lì， bìng qiě shēn rù nèi lù guǎng shè shāng yè jù diǎn， shōu jí xǔ duō yòu guān qīng jūn yǔ cháo tíng de qíng bào， céng jīng jǐ cì qǐ bīng， yě hé qīng cháo tíng yì hé yǐ zhēng qǔ shí jiān huī fù bīng lì。 qī jiān， jiàng qīng de zhèng zhī lóng zài qīng tíng de yào qiú xià duō cì xiě xìn gěi zhèng chéng gōng zhāo jiàng， qīng dì yì céng xià zhào cè fēng zhèng chéng gōng wéi jìng hǎi jiāng jūn hǎi chéng gōng， zhèng chéng gōng jiān cí bù shòu； shùn zhì shí sì nián（ 1657 nián）， zhèng zhī lóng yǔ zhèng chéng gōng sī xìn bèi qīng tíng jié huò， yǐ tōng dí zuì liú xǐ zhèng zhī lóng yú níng gǔ tǎ。
　　
　　 shùn zhì shí liù nián（ 1659 nián）， qīng jūn gōng xiàn yún nán shěng chéng， yǒng lì dì wēi jí。 zhèng chéng gōng yǔ lǔ wáng de dàjiàng zhāng huáng yán zài mǐn zhè qiān zhì qīng bīng， tǒng shuài shuǐ lù jūn 17 wàn běi fá， cì nián rù cháng jiāng， kè guā zhōu、 zhèn jiāng， wéi nán jīng， bìng shōu fù nán jīng fù jìn jí 'ān huī bù fēn dì qū。 zhèng chéng gōng pài zhāng huáng yán qù wú hú， shǒu zhù zhè gè nán jīng yǐ xī de yán jiāng zhòng zhèn， zhèng chéng gōng zì jǐ zé dài bīng jìn gōng nán jīng chéng。 qīng cháo zhèn shǒu nán jīng de shì liǎng jiāng zǒng dū láng tíng zuǒ， cǐ rén fēi cháng jiǎo huá， wéi tuō yán shí jiān， děng dài yuán bīng， biàn shǐ liǎo yī gè huǎn bīng zhī jì， jiǎ yì yào xiàng zhèng chéng gōng tóu jiàng， shǐ zhèng chéng gōng fàng sōng liǎo jǐng tì， ér 'àn zhōng pài rén chū chéng qiú yuán。 qī yuè 'èr shí sān rì fú xiǎo， zhèng chéng gōng de jūn duì zāo dào qīng jūn de xí jī， shāng wáng cǎn zhòng。 zhèng chéng gōng shuài lǐng yú bù tuì huí xiàmén gēn jù dì。 zhèng chéng gōng chè tuì hòu， zhāng huáng yán zài 'ān huī dú mù nán zhī， yě bèi qīng jūn shā dé dà bài， huà zhuāng táo huí zhè jiāng， ān huī jí nán jīng fù jìn de dì fāng yòu bèi qīng jūn zhàn lǐng。 suī rán zài zhè cì jìn gōng zhōng， zhèng chéng gōng yīn qīng dí 'ér gōng bài chuí chéng， dàn tā dòng yáo liǎo qīng cháo zài dōng nán de tǒng zhì， yě zhèn dòng liǎo běi jīng qīng cháo zhōng yāng zhèng fǔ。
　　 shùn zhì shí qī nián（ 1660 nián）， zhèng chéng gōng zài fú jiàn hǎi mén gǎng（ jīn lóng hǎi dōng） jiān miè qīng cháo fú jiàn zǒng dū lǐ shuài tài hé qīng jiāng dá sù suǒ shuài shuǐ shī 4 wàn yú rén， jūn wēi fù zhèn。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng zuì zhòng yào de méng yǒu héng héng jìn wáng lǐ dìng guó
　　 ruò shuō zhèng chéng gōng yī shēng zuì dà de yí hàn，， mò guò yú yǔ xī nán kàng qīng lǐng xiù lǐ dìng guó de guān xì。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng de míng zì kě wèi jiā yù hù xiǎo， dāng shì zhī míng dù yuǎn zài lǐ dìng guó zhī shàng。 dàn shì kě néng hěn shǎo yòu rén zhī dào， lǐ dìng guó shì tā shēng píng zuì jìng zhòng zhī rén， shì tā zuì qīn mì de zhàn lüè méng yǒu， hái shì tā de zhì qīn“ lǎo qīn wēng”， yī gè shì nán míng de xī níng wáng（ hòu fēng jìn wáng）， yī gè shì nán míng de yán píng wáng（ hòu fēng cháo wáng）， dì wèi hé yǐng xiǎng lì shàng zài dìng guó zhī xià。（ chéng gōng de zhí nǚ jià gěi liǎo dìng guó zhǎngzǐ， hòu lái qīng bīng dà jǔ jìn gōng yún guì， nán míng bīng bài yǔ zhàng fū yī qǐ bèi shā）
　　 zhèng chéng gōng shēng píng zuì guāng huī de yè jì， bù shì shōu fù tái wān 'ér shì kàng jī qīng bīng， yǔ lǐ dìng guó yī gè zài yún nán guǎng xī， yī gè zài dōng nán yán hǎi， pín pín jǐyǔ qīng bīng zhì mìng dǎ jī， zhī chēng nán míng zhèng quán cháng dá 'èr shí nián zhī jiǔ， kān chēng qíng tiān shuāng zhù； bī pò qīng tíng bù dé bù zuò chū ràng bù， wéi hòu lái de“ kāng xī zhī zhì” dǎ xià jī chǔ。
　　 tā shì bù zhé bù kòu de mín zú yīng xióng， dàn bù zhǐ shì yīn wéi tā shōu fú tái wān， gèng shì yīn wéi tā wán qiáng kàng jī qīng bīng qīn lüè， wéi nán yáng hǎi wài huá rén tí gōng bǎo hù， chuàng lì“ tiān dì huì” liú xià kàng qīng huǒ zhǒng， yī zhí yán xù dào shù bǎi nián hòu de“ tóng méng huì”。
　　 shǐ xué jiè lùn shù lǐ dìng guó yǔ zhèng chéng gōng guān xì de wén zhāng bù shǎo， dà duō shì cóng tā liǎ dū jiān chí kàng qīng， zhàn jì yuǎn fēi qí tā kàng qīng wǔ zhuāng suǒ néng bǐ nǐ， ér qiě yòu shū xìn wǎng fǎn， dì jié wéi yīn， gù zàn yáng zhī cí chōng sài shǐ zhù， fǎng fó 'èr réndōu shì zhōng zhēn yú fù míng shì yè、 gòng fù guó nán de jiǎo jiǎo zhě。
　　
　　 dàn shì， jiù lì shǐ shì shí 'ér yán， huì shī guǎng dōng de jìhuà shì lǐ dìng guó zhì dìng de， zài 1653、 1654 nián（ shùn zhì shí nián、 shí yī nián） tā mèng mèi yǐ qiú de jiù shì tóng zhèng chéng gōng dōng xī jiā gōng， mài chū shōu fù guǎng dōng、 zhòng zhěng shān hé de dì yī bù。 rán 'ér， zhè zhǐ shì dìng guó yī xiāng qíng yuàn， zhèng chéng gōng bìng bù xiǎng zhè yàng zuò。 yuán yīn bù shì tā kàn bù dào huì shī guǎng dōng shì nán míng zhōng xīng de guān jiàn yīzhāo， ér shì zhèng chéng gōng bǎ yǐ tā wéi shǒu de zhèng shì jí tuán lì yì fàng zài zuì zhòng yào de dì wèi。 yán jiū zhèng chéng gōng qǐ bīng yǐ hòu de zhěng gè jīng lì， kě yǐ kàn chū tā shì yī wèi hěn yòu dà zhì de rén， zài míng、 qīng duì zhì， guó tǔ fēn liè de qíng xíng xià， tā jiàn yú zì shēn lì liàng bù gòu qiáng dà， zài zhèng zhì yǐng xiǎng shàng yě wú fǎ tóng míng、 qīng liǎng gè bìng cún de zhèng quán zhēng duó mín xīn（ bāo kuò guān shēn）， yīn cǐ， tā de cè lüè shì míng、 qīng liǎng fāng shuí néng ràng tā dú duàn zhuān xíng， huò zhě shuō gē dì zì xióng， tā jiù fèng shuí“ zhēngshuò”。 yòng tā zì jǐ de huà lái shuō， tā de lǐ xiǎng shì zuò yī gè“ zòng héng 'ér suǒ zhī” de“ fèng huáng”， bù yuàn chéng wéi“ jiàn jǐng zhī zhōng” de“ hǔ bào”。 suǒ yǐ tā huì shuō chū zhè yàng de huà：“ qīng cháo ruò néng xìn 'ér， zé wéi qīng rén； guǒ bù xìn 'ér yán， zé wéi míng chén 'ér yǐ。” zǒng zhī， zhǐ néng“ yáo fèng”， bù néng“ shòu zhì yú rén”。 zhè jiù shì tā hé hòu lái de zhèng jīng yī guàn tí chū de“ bǐ yú gāolí” de sī xiǎng gēn yuán。
　　 qīng tíng duō cì zhāo fǔ（ zhèng fāng chēng wéi“ hé yì”） zhī suǒ yǐ shī bài， zhèng shì yīn wéi zhǐ gěi tā gāo jué hòu lù， jué bù dāyìng gěi tā yǐ xiāng duì de dú lì xìng。 zài zhè zhǒng tiáo jiàn xià， zhèng chéng gōng zhǐ néng zuò yī gè“ míng chén”。 tóng yàng de dào lǐ， tā de“ shǐ zhōng wéi míng” bìng bù yì wèi zhe tā yuàn yì háo wú bǎo liú dì fú cóng míng cháo tíng de diào qiǎn， kè shǒu chén jié。 zài dōng nán yán hǎi， lóng wǔ dì yùnàn hòu， tā“ shǐ zhōng wéi táng”（ zhāng huáng yán yǔ）， duì jìn zài zhǐ chǐ de lǔ jiān guó yǐ kè lǐ xiāng dài， ér qiě jí lì shè fǎ shǐ yuán shǔ lǔ jiān guó de bīngjiàng tīng mìng yú jǐ。 duì yǒng lì cháo tíng， tā de nèi xīn shì máo dùn de， yī fāng miàn tā xī wàng fèng yǒng lì zhēngshuò de yuán dà xī、 dà shùn jūn hé qí tā kàng qīng shì lì néng zhī chēng xià qù， tuō zhù qīng cháo de dà bù fēn bīng yuán， jiè yǐ jiǎn qīng zì jǐ de yā lì。 lìng yī fāng miàn， tā shì hěn yòu zhèng zhì tóu nǎo de， yù jiàn dào rú guǒ yìng dìng guó zhī yuē chū dòng zhù lì dōng xī hé jī， bì shèng wú yí， suí zhī 'ér lái de shì mǐn yuè bīng lián yī tǐ、 dì chéng yī piàn， yáo xiāng hū yìng de jú miàn jiù yào gǎi guān。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng bù huì bù kǎo lǜ dào zì jǐ de xiāng duì dú lì xìng jiāng shòu dào hěn dà xiàn zhì， jūn zhèng dà shì yào bǐng chéng yú cháo tíng， fǒu zé jiù nán táo jiàn yuè zhī yì。 gèng zhòng yào de shì， zì jǐ zài bīng lì、 jué wèi hé shēng wàng shàng dū lüè xùn yú lǐ dìng guó， jiā yǐ lǐ dìng guó tóng yǒng lì cháo tíng de guān xì bǐ tā gèng mìqiè， zhè xiē yīn sù bì rán zài zhèng chéng gōng de shēn móu yuǎn lǜ zhī zhōng。 suǒ yǐ， wú lùn lǐ dìng guó zhì dìng de zhàn lüè rú hé zhèng què， yě bù guǎn dìng guó wèile shí xiàn nán míng zhōng xīng duì tā zěn yàng kǔ xīn xiāng quàn， zhèng chéng gōng zǒng xiàng yī gēn chā zài mǐn hǎi dì qū de tánxìng gāng tiáo yī yàng， wài lì de dà xiǎo zhǐ néng zào chéng tā zuǒ yòu yáo huàng de chéng dù， zuì hòu hái shì wǒ zì kuī rán bù dòng de nán tiān yī zhù。 míng qīng zhī jì zuì yōu xiù de jūn shì jiā lǐ dìng guó de bēi jù zài yú： chū diān kàng qīng qián qī zāo dào sūn kě wàng de jí hèn， wú fǎ zài hú guǎng（ jīn hú nán、 hú běi）、 jiāng xī zhàn chǎng shàng shī zhǎn xióng cái dà lüè； zhōng qī jì hòu wàng yú zhèng chéng gōng lián bīng yuè、 mǐn， huì shī běi shàng， dé dào de huí bào shì xū yìng gù shì， xīn huì zhàn bài， sàng shī shī dì， nán míng zhōng xīng cóng cǐ wú wàng， tā suǒ néng zuò de zhǐ shì xiào fǎ zhū gé liàng“ jū gōng jìn cuì， sǐ 'ér hòu yǐ”。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng duì guǎng dōng cháo zhōu dì qū yī zhí fēi cháng zhòng shì， zhè shì zhèng shì jiā zú jūn liáng de zhù yào lái yuán dì。 zhèng hóng kuí hé zhèng chéng gōng duō cì jìn bīng cháo zhōu yuán yīn jiù zài yú cǐ。 dàn tā de yì tú què shì xī wàng bǎ cháo、 huì dì qū jù wéi zì jǐ de liáng xiǎng、 bīng yuán bǔjǐ dì， ér zài zhèng jūn hé yǒng lì cháo tíng zhī jiān zuì hǎo shì liú xià yī piàn qīng fāng guǎn xiá qū， dǎ diào zhè zuò gé huǒ qiáng duì zhèng shì jí tuán bù lì。 yú shì， tā zài lǐ dìng guó xīn jí rú fén de qíng kuàng xià， yī wèi cǎi qǔ tuō yán tuī dàng de cè lüè。 shàng miàn yǐ jīng shuō guò， lǐ dìng guó bù shǔ 'èr cì rù guǎng zhàn yì zài bàn nián qián jiù yǐ jīng bǎ yù dìng de huì shī rì qī tōng zhī liǎo guǎng dōng yì shī， jué bù kě néng bù tōng zhī zhǐ wàng zài quán jú zhàn lüè zhōng fā huī guān jiàn zuò yòng de zhèng chéng gōng 。
　　 sì yuè jiān dìng guó zài gāo zhōu pài qiǎn de shǐ zhě dào dá xiàmén hòu， zhèng chéng gōng zhèng tóng qīng fāng“ hé tán”， jiāng shǐ zhě ruǎn jìn。 bā yuè cái pài lǐ jǐng wéi shǐ zhě lái dào dìng guó jūn zhōng， dìng guó de huí xìn zhōng shuō“ cí bù gǔ yǐ zhù xīng yì”（ guǎng dōng xīn xīng xiàn）， jù wéi dìng guó zhì bìng de chén shùn xì jìzǎi， tā zài bā yuè shí liù rì suí dìng guó dà yíng wǎng guǎng、 zhào（ xīn xīng shǔ zhào qìng fǔ）， kě yǐ zhèng míng zhè fēng xìn xiě yú bā yuè shí liù rì yǐ hòu， xìn zhōng suǒ shuō“ wǔ yuè zhì jīn， suǒ dài guì jué xiāng yìng 'ěr”， shì shuō tā sì yuè pài chū shǐ zhě yù liào wǔ yuè kě dé huí yīn， bù liào děng dào bā yuè， chéng gōng shǐ zhě cái shān shān lái chí， dài lái de xiāo xī yòu bù míng què。 dìng guó de huí xìn chú liǎo míng xiǎn dì liú lù chū bù mǎn qíng xù， réng bào yòu huì shī de jí dà xī wàng，“ shèn wù rán nuò fú chén， zhì yí dān gé。 yào zhī shí yuè wàng hòu， kǒng wú jì yú jī yí yǐ”， zhēn kě wèi yǔ zhòng xīn cháng。
　　 cóng《 xiān wáng shí lù》 zhōng dé zhī， lǐ jǐng hé dìng guó shǐ zhě xié dài fù xìn fǎn dǐ xiàmén bù chí yú jiǔ yuè chū sān rì，“ fān dé huì shī 'èr shū， jí yù diào bīng nán xià qín wáng。 yǐ lǔ shǐ zài quán， lìng chā zàn zhù jīn mén”。 rán 'ér， tā piān yào tuō guò dìng guó xìn zhōng zhǐ dìng de shí yuè wàng qián（ shí wǔ rì yǐ qián） shī qī， dào shí yuè shí jiǔ rì cái“ qiǎn shī nán xià， yǔ jìn wáng（ shì shí lǐ dìng guó shàng wèi fēng jìn wáng） děng huì shī qín wáng。 wěi zuǒ jūn fǔ míng hóu lín chá wéi shuǐ lù zǒng dū， tí diào jūn zhōng yī qiē jī yí； wěi yòu jūn mǐn 'ān hóu zhōu ruì wéi shuǐ shī tǒng lǐng”， shuài bīng shù wàn、 zhàn jiàn bǎi zhǐ，“ kè rì nán zhēng”， tóng shí pài guān yuán lín yún qióng jī qín wáng shī biǎo yì xíng zài， bìng chí shū huì jìn wáng děng（ dìng guó shí wéi 'ān xī wáng）， shū yún：“ jì qiū xìng jiē zūn shǐ， dú hàn jiào liàng liàng， xiū máo jǐ 'ér zòu fū gōng， dà fú sù yuàn。 …… cí dié chéng dà jiào， níng rěn rú zhì yǐ zì shī shì jī？ nài zūn shǐ dào bì yíng shí， zhí nán fēng shèng fā， lì yú běi fá 'ér wèi lì yú nán zhēng。…… jí yù qiǎn shī nán xià， yǔ guì bù gòng qǔ wǔ yáng， yuán fēng xìn fēi shí， wèi biàn fā shī。…… cí jiè mèng dōng， běi fēng biāo qǐ， jí lìng fǔ míng hóu lín chá、 mǐn 'ān hóu zhōu ruì děng tǒng lǐng， yáng fān dōng（？） zhǐ， suī kuì fēi shùn chāng qí zhì， rán miǎn xiào yī bì zhī lì。 shuǐ shī gōng qí sān miàn， lù shī jìn qí yī wǎng， zé yuè qiú kě bù zhàn 'ér qín yǐ。”
　　 zhèng chéng gōng zhè cì chū jūn yòu jǐ diǎn hěn zhí dé zhù yì。 dì yī， zhèng chéng gōng zì qǐ bīng yǐ lái fán yù zhòng dà zhàn yì dū qīn lín zhǐ huī， zhè cì rù yuè zhī zhàn duì nán míng hé qīng fāng dū guān xì zhòng dà， xī xiàn shì 'ān xī wáng lǐ dìng guó rèn zhù shuài， gěi tā de xìn zhōng yòu fǎn fù qiáng diào liǎo huì shī guǎng dōng de zhàn lüè yì yì， rú shuō“ yuè shì xié 'ér mǐn、 zhè、 zhí zhēng chuán yī xí”， nà me， tā wèishénme bù kěn qīn zì tǒng jūn xī shàng ní？ wéi yī de jiě shì shì tā yǐ yòu xiè zé yú xià de zhǔn bèi。 dì 'èr， zhèng chéng gōng zài zhòng duō jiànglǐng zhòngxuǎn zé lín chá chū rèn shuǐ lù shī zhèng tí dū kě wèi dú jù huì yǎn， yǒng lì cháo tíng chū lì zhī shí zhèng shì zhè wèi lín chá yōng lì shào wǔ zhèng quán， dà dǎ nèi zhàn， zhè shí ràng tā tǒng jūn jiē yìng yǒng lì cháo tíng de zhù lì zài mǒu zhǒng yì yì shàng què shí shì“ zuì jiā rén xuǎn”。 dì sān， zhèng chéng gōng shì yī wèi jiǔ lì róng xíng de tǒng shuài， zài gěi qí dì shì zhōng xìn zhōng yě shuō zì jǐ“ yòng bīng lǎo yǐ”， hé kuàng zhèng jūn tóng qīng jūn zuò zhàn shí jǐ cì yīn jiù yuán bù jí shí 'ér shī chéng sàng shī， tā dāng rán míng bái“ shèng fù zhī jì， jiān bù róng fā” de dào lǐ， nà me， tā zài jiǔ yuè chū shōu dào dìng guó zhūn zhūn zhǔ fù de shí yuè shí wǔ rì wéi zhèng jūn dào dá zhǐ dìng wèi zhì de xìn hòu， wèishénme yào tuō dào shí jiǔ rì cái diào jí guān bīng“ kè rì nán zhēng” ní？ dì sì， zhèng chéng gōng zì shàng nián jiù yǐ zhī dào lǐ dìng guó dōng xī jiā gōng， yī jǔ huī yuè de jìhuà， qí jiān dìng guó hái zài sān qiǎn shǐ cuī cù tā lǐng bīng jiē yìng。
　　 zài fān chuán shí dài lǐ， hǎi shàng háng xíng shòu jì hòu fēng yǐng xiǎng jiào dà， wú yí shì shì shí。 dàn zài zhè yàng cháng de shí jiān lǐ zhèng chéng gōng méi yòu chū bīng jué bù néng yòng“ fēng xìn fēi shí” lái jiě shì， fǒu zé， zhèng、 lǐ shǐ zhě yòu zěn me néng wǎng lái hǎi shàng？ hé kuàng， shàng nián（ 1653 nián） liù yuè zhì bā yuè zhèng chéng gōng céng jīng shuài lǐng zhōu shī nán xià cháo zhōu、 jiē yáng； xià nián（ 1655 nián） bā yuè zhèng chéng gōng yòu céng pài zhōu shī nán xià guǎng dōng， jiǔ yuè zhàn lǐng jiē yáng、 pǔ níng、 chéng hǎi sān xiàn， zhèng míng qiū jì bìng bù shì bù kě néng nán zhēng。 tuì yī bù shuō， shùn zhì shí nián（ 1653） lǐ dìng guó jìhuà cì nián dōng xī hé gōng guǎng dōng zhī shí， jù yòu fēng fù hǎi shàng jīng yàn de zhèng chéng gōng rú yòu huì shī chéng yì， yě yìng dāng bǎ hǎi shàng yòng bīng de zuì jiā shí jiān tōng zhī lǐ dìng guó， yǐ biàn dìng guó què dìng dōng xī huì shī dǎ xiǎng de yuè rì。 míng yǎn rén bù nán kàn chū zhèng chéng gōng de tài dù 'ài mèi。 dì wǔ， zuì yǐn rén zhù yì de shì， zhèng chéng gōng pài chū de yuán shī xíng dòng jí qí huǎn màn， yòu dà zào shēng shì zhī xíng， wú shí jì zuò zhàn zhī xīn。
　　 cóng qīng fāng dàng 'àn lái kàn， shí yuè chū yī rì zhèng chéng gōng fā pái diào jí bīngjiàng， bù shǔ nán zhēng shì yí； chū sì rì tā qīn lín tóng shān（ jīn dōng shān xiàn） shì chá bīng dīng、 chuán gōng，“ shòu fǔ míng hóu lín chá wéi zhèng tí dū， mǐn 'ān hóu（ zhōu ruì） wéi fù tí dū， guǎn xiá yī bǎi sōu dà chuán， pài wǎng guǎng dōng yǔ xī bù zéi bīng huì hé”。 shí yuè 'èr shí 'èr rì， qīng guǎng dōng shuǐ shī fù jiāng xǔ lóng bào gào，“ shàng yóu yòu shù bǎi zhǐ chuán jí jié， mǐn 'ān hóu zhōu ruì、 fǔ míng hóu lín chá yòu shuài bīng nán xià zhī shì。 gài yú 'èr shí sān、 èr shí sì rì qǐ chéng， yòu yán qù jié shí， yòu yán qù guǎng dōng”。 shí yī yuè shí jiǔ rì， lín chá bù bó yú nán 'ào zhā yíng，“ shāng yì jūn wù”。 tóng shān jù nán 'ào bù guò bǎi lǐ， zhèng chéng gōng xìn zhōng shuō“ cí jiè mèng dōng， běi fēng biāo qǐ”， zhèng zhí shùn fēng， yī tiān kě dào。 zhèng chéng gōng shí yuè chū sì rì zài tóng shān yuè bīng mìng jiāng， yī gè bàn yuè zhī hòu cái tíng bó nán 'ào zhā yíng shāng yì shénme jūn wù。 yòu guò liǎo yī gè xīng qī jí shí yī yuè 'èr shí wǔ rì zhì 'èr shí qī rì， lín chá děng shuài lǐng de zhōu shī sān bǎi yú sōu jìn zhì guǎng dōng hǎi fēng kàn zhài cūn（ dāng jí kàn xià zhài， zài hǎi fēng xiàn nán hǎi bīn）。 shí 'èr yuè chū wǔ rì， lín chá lǐng chuán zhǐ sì bǎi yú hào、 shì zú sān wàn yú zhòng jìn dǐ píng hǎi suǒ（ jīn huì dōng xiàn píng hǎi）。 tóng yuè shí sì rì lín chá pài chū yī duì bái cáo chuán shǐ dǐ dà péng suǒ（ yǔ píng hǎi gé dà yà wān） zhēng shū cūn zhài liáng mǐ， zài zhè lǐ yù zhe liǎo guǎng dōng yán hǎi yì shī lǐ wàn róng、 chén qí cè de duì wǔ， jù qīng fāng zhēn chá， lǐ wàn róng céng yǐ zhū、 jiǔ kào láo zhèng jūn。 shí wǔ rì， lín chá děng bù chéng chuán sān bǎi yú sōu shǐ zhì fó táng mén wài（ zài hǔ mén nán miàn 'èr bǎi yú lǐ chù， jù guǎng zhōu sì bǎi yú lǐ）。
　　 shàng wén yǐ shuō guò lǐ dìng guó zài xīn huì zhàn bài de rì qī shì shí 'èr yuè shí sì rì， yě jiù shì lín chá suǒ qiǎn bù fēn chuán zhǐ dào dà péng suǒ tóng lǐ wàn róng、 chén qí cè yì shī xiāng yù de nà yī tiān。 dāng shí lǐ wàn róng děng zhǐ zhī xīn huì zhèng zài jī zhàn， bù kě néng zhī dào dìng guó bài tuì， jīhū kě yǐ kěn dìng shì yóu yú tā men de jí lì quàn shuō， lín chá cái zài yī tiān nèi jí cóng píng hǎi jìn zhì fó mén táng。 dà yuē jǐ tiān zhī hòu， tā men bì dìng cóng guǎng dōng yì shī chù dé dào dìng guó dà jūn zhàn bài jí sù xī chè de xiāo xī， zài hǎi miàn guān wàng liǎo hěn cháng shí jiān（ qí zhōng bì yòu pài rén xiàng zhèng chéng gōng qǐng shì zhī shì）， yú shùn zhì shí 'èr nián（ 1655 nián） wǔ yuè fǎn huí xiàmén。
　　 míng、 qīng shuāng fāng liú xià de dàng 'àn hé jìzǎi dū biǎo míng， zhèng chéng gōng suī rán pài chū liǎo jūn duì， què méi yòu cān zhàn yì tú。 qīng mǐn、 yuè liǎng shěng gāo jí guān yuán fēi cháng zhù yì zhèng jūn dòng xiàng， xiàng cháo tíng bào gào lín chá děng nán xià de rì qī hé huó dòng pō wéi xiáng xì， què méi yòu rèn hé jiāo zhàn zhī shì nèi róng， yě jiù shì shuō lín chá、 zhōu ruì bù jué bù shì zāo dào qīng jūn zǔ jī bù néng zǎo rì dào dá dìng guó zhǐ dìng wèi zhì； cóng shí yuè chū sì rì dào shí 'èr yuè shí sì rì mó cèng liǎo liǎng gè yuè líng shí tiān cái shǐ dǐ píng hǎi， pài chū bù fēn bīng chuán qù dà péng suǒ cūn zhài zhēng shōu liáng shí， ér yáng yīng jìzǎi lín chá、 zhōu ruì chū bīng shí， tā yǐ hù kē shēnfèn tóng zhōng zhèn bó hóng xù“ zhào yì” jì fā xíng liáng shí gè yuè， kě jiàn yě bù shì yóu yú liáng xiǎng bù zú。 shèng xià de wéi yī jiě shì jiù shì zhèng chéng gōng zài mìng jiāng shí jí yǐ qīn shòu jī yí： bù kě jiǎ xì zhēn zuò。 zhè yī pàn duàn bù jǐn kě yǐ cóng shàng shù zhèng jūn chù chù tuō yán shí rì shàng kàn chū， cóng qīng fāng dàng 'àn hé zhèng fāng jì zài zhōng yě zhǎo bù dào rèn hé zuò zhàn hén jì， gěi rén yìn xiàng sì hū shì zhèng chéng gōng zǔ zhì liǎo yī cì dà guī mó nán hǎi lǚ yóu， duì zǔ zhì zhè cì gǎi biàn míng、 qīng zhàn jú de zhàn yì de lǐ dìng guó cǎi qǔ liǎo xū yǔ wēiyí de shǒu duàn， hòu guǒ shì shí fēn yán zhòng de。
　　《 tái wān wài jì》 juàn sì jì lín chá、 zhōu ruì fǎn huí xiàmén hòu bào gào“ zhōu shī cì hǔ tóu mén（ jí hǔ mén）， zhēn zhī lǐ dìng guó zhàn bài， wú zhōu shī shǒu， bù gǎn jìn bīng， hái shī”。 zhèng chéng gōng wán nòng quán shù， zé bèi lín chá、 zhōu ruì děng“ qín wáng rù yuán， jūn mìng yuán wú sì jià， dòu liú guān wàng 'ér huí， cháo diǎn hé zài？ ěr děng hé xīn wèi bì， dāng jìn zhèng zuì”。 suí jí xià lìng jiāng zhōu ruì“ xiāozhí duó jué， jiě qí bīng bǐng， yǒng bù xù yòng”； lín chá děng rén jiàng jí yòu chā。 zài gěi lǐ dìng guó de xìn lǐ xiě dào：“ kè suì qú shǐ yáo lái， tóng chóu tóng páo zhī dìng， shèn fú sù xīn。 yòng shì jiǎo gān liáo zhòu， dà jí lóu chuán， fāng kè chéng qī， ér bì yuán lǐ jǐng fù yǐ tái mìng zhì， zhǎn dú zài sì， zhī diàn xià nèi jí jūn fù zhī yōu， wài qiē chóu chóu zhī tòng； bù nìng hèn bù néng zhēng fān yōu hū， zhí sǎo zhū jiāng， tóng qiè gù tǔ yǐ yíng shèngyú。 jù yì chuán shī wèi dào， ér dà shī yǐ xiān bān huí shù rì。 yòu guì bù guān bīng zì yuè lái tóu zhě， xì xùn qí gù， gài yǐ jiāo bīng zhì cuò。 shèng fù bīng jiā zhī cháng， bù zú shēn yōu。 dàn bì chuán dòu liú， jì bù néng xiān qī huì shī， yòu bù néng fèn tú hòu yuán， shí yǔ yòu zuì yān。 yǐ jiāng shuǐ lù gè jiāng， shěn dìng gōng zuì， nǎi zhī yǐ wéi bù qián zhě， mǐn 'ān hóu zhōu ruì， yǐ chóngxíng kǔn zé， gé zhí xián zhù， nǎi niàn qí yòu gōng， bù rán yǐ zhèng fǎ yǐ。……”
　　 zhèng chéng gōng duì nán zhēng zhū jiāng de chǔlǐ hé fù lǐ dìng guó shū shì dà yòu jiǎng jiū de。 1654 nián néng fǒu shí xiàn dōng xī hé jī， zòu jié guǎng dōng， zhí jiē guān xì zhe yǒng lì cháo tíng de qián tú， shì fēi tóng xiǎo kě de yī cì zhòng dà zhàn lüè xíng dòng。 zhèng chéng gōng zuò wéi yī wèi jié chū de zhèng zhì jiā hé jūn shì tǒng shuài jué bù zhì yú kàn bù dào zhè yī diǎn。 tā de xìn zhōng qīng miáo dàn xiě dì shuō“ shèng fù bīng jiā zhī cháng， bù zú shēn yōu”， bǎ guān jiàn xìng zhàn lüè yì tú wèi néng shí xiàn děng tóng yú yī bān zhàn yì de shèng fù， kě shuō shì guān yàng wén zhāng。 xìn zhōng shǒu xiān pī píng liǎo lǐ dìng guó“ jiāo bīng zhì cuò”， rán hòu cái tán dào zì jǐ de zhōu shī“ dòu liú”、“ yǐ wéi bù qián”， yì zài bǎ zhàn yì shī bài de zhù yào zé rèn guī jiù yú duì fāng。 wǒ men bù néng shuō lǐ dìng guó méi yòu fàn guò jiāo 'ào qīng dí de cuò wù， dàn shì xīn huì zhàn yì de shī bài què jué bù néng shuō chéng shì dìng guó“ jiāo bīng zhì cuò”。
　　 zài rén yuán chǔlǐ shàng， zhèng chéng gōng zhì jūn zhī yán， zài lì shǐ shàng hěn zhù míng， wéi dú duì zhè cì duì nán míng yòu jué dìng mìng yùn yì yì de zhàn yì zhōng dòu liú bù jìn de jiànglǐng què qīng qīng fā luò liǎo shì。 lín chá shì nán zhēng zhù jiāng， zhèng chéng gōng què bǎ“ yǐ wéi bù qián” de zuì zé jiā zài fù tí dū mǐn 'ān hóu zhōu ruì tóu shàng， yuán yīn shì lín chá wéi zhèng shì dí xì jiànglǐng， zhōu ruì yuán shì lǔ jiān guó jiànglǐng， qīn shū zhī fēn xiǎn 'ér yì jiàn。 shùn biàn shuō yī xià， zhèng chéng gōng de bá hù zì xióng zài zhì dìng guó xìn zhōng yě yòu chōng fēn de biǎo xiàn。 àn míng、 qīng zhì dù dàjiàng zhuān zhēng shí huáng dì shòu yú de zuì dà quán lì jǐn xiàn yú fù jiāng yǐ xià wéi fǎn jié zhì kě yǐ bù jīng qǐng zhǐ yǐ shàng fāng jiàn chù zhǎn。 zhōu ruì wèi jū hóu jué， chéng gōng xìn zhōng shuō“ niàn qí yòu gōng， bù rán yǐ zhèng fǎ yǐ”， wán quán shì yī guó zhī zhù de kǒu qì。 zǒng zhī， nán zhēng zhī yì wú gōng 'ér fǎn shì 'àn zhào zhèng chéng gōng zì jǐ de yì zhì xíng shì dài wú yí yì。
　　 zōng shàng suǒ shù， 1653 héng 1654 nián lǐ dìng guó cèhuà de guǎng dōng zhī yì， shì nán míng zhōng xīng de zuì hòu yī cì jī huì。 dìng guó jìhuà de zhòng diǎn shì lián luò zhèng chéng gōng dōng xī hé jī， pèi hé guǎng dōng gè dì yì shī shǒu xiān quán jiān guǎng dōng qīng jūn， zài zhǎn hóng tú。 zài zhè sān gǔ kàng qīng lì liàng zhōng， lǐ dìng guó jūn hé guǎng dōng yì shī dōushì quán lì yǐ fù de， zhǐ shì yóu yú zhèng chéng gōng zhì bù zài cǐ， zhōng yú gōng kuī yī kuì。 guǎng dōng yì shī wèile shí xiàn dìng guó de zhàn lüè yì tú biǎo xiàn de jī jí xìng pō zú chēng zàn。 zài dìng guó xīn huì zhàn yì shī bài zhī hòu fù zé lián luò guǎng dōng yì shī de míng liǎng guǎng zǒng dū lián chéng bì réng rán wéi zhè yī dōng xī hé jī zhàn lüè bēn zǒu hūháo。 tā zài 1655 nián liù yuè gěi yǒng lì cháo tíng de zòu shū zhōng hūyù：“ suǒ wàng xī shī xùn fā， mǐn fān zài yáng， ér chén yǔ fǔ chén guō zhī qí yī gǔ zài gǔ， chéng dí zhī pí， yòng wǒ zhī zhuàng， yuè dōng bù zú píng yě。” cì nián（ 1656， shùn zhì shí sān nián， yǒng lì shí nián） qī yuè， lián chéng bì yòu zài shū zhōng shuō tā lián luò de yuè zhōng yì shī“ jiān chù hǎi bīn，…… zhěn gē yǐ dài wáng shī chónglái， yǔ mǐn shī qī huì， shōu qián cǐ wèi jì zhī gōng”。 yóu yú lǐ dìng guó zài xīn huì zhàn yì zhōng bīng yuán qì xiè sǔn shī jiào dà， yòu jí yú gǎn fù 'ān lóng yíng jiē yǒng lì dì rù diān， gù bù shàng yuè dōng zhàn chǎng liǎo。 dà hǎo liáng jī fù zhī dōng liú。
　　 shōu fù tái wān， qū zhú hé lǔ
　　1661 nián kāng xī huáng dì chū jí wèi， zhī qián de zhèng shì jiàng jiāng huáng wú chén miè zéi wǔ cè， bāo kuò cháng dá 20 nián de qiān jiè lìng， zì shān dōng zhì guǎng dōng yán hǎi niàn lǐ， duàn jué zhèng chéng gōng de jīng jì zhī yuán； huǐ yán hǎi chuán zhǐ， cùn bǎn bù xǔ xià shuǐ； tóng shí shā chéng gōng zhī fù zhèng zhī lóng yú níng gǔ tǎ liú xǐ chù，（ yī shuō zhǎn yú běi jīng chái shì kǒu， jí jīn fǔ xué hú tóng xī kǒu， yuán dài xíng chǎng）； wā zhèng shì zǔ fén； yí zhù tóu chéng guān bīng， fēn kěn huāng dì。 yóu yú qīng zhèng fǔ de xīn cè lüè， zhèng chéng gōng hé tā de jūn duì duàn jué liǎo jīng jì lái yuán， miàn lín zhe yán zhòng de cái zhèng wēi jī， bù dé bù fàng qì yǐ jìn 'àn lí dǎo wéi jī dì， sāo rǎo dōng nán yán hǎi de jūn shì cè lüè， zhuǎn 'ér jìn gōng yǐ jiǔ wéi dà háng hǎi shí dài yǐ lái yuǎn dù chóngyáng lái dào yà zhōu de pú táo yá rén、 xī bān yá rén、 yīng guó rén、 hé lán rén suǒ fēn bié zhí mín gē jù de tái wān， zuò wéi xīn de jī dì， zhè yī nián sān yuè 'èr shí sān， zhèng chéng gōng qīn shuài jiāng shì 2.5 wàn、 zhàn chuán shù bǎi sōu， zì jīn mén liào luó wān chū fā， jīng péng hú， chū dí bù yì dì zài lù 'ěr mén jí hé liáo gǎng dēng lù。 xiān yǐ yōu shì bīng lì duó qǔ hé jūn fáng shǒu bó ruò de chì qiàn chéng（ jīn tái nán shì nèi）， jì yòu duì fáng yù jiān gù de shǒu fǔ tái wān chéng（ jīn tái nán shì 'ān píng qū） cháng qī wéi kùn。 jīng guò jiǔ gè yuè de kǔ zhàn， zài zǎo nián yóu qí fù xié zhù dù hǎi de hàn rén yí mín de zhī chí xià yú 1662 nián dǎ bài hé lán rén， pò shǐ zhí mín zǒng dū kuí yī yú tóng nián shí 'èr yuè shí sān rì（ 1662 nián 2 yuè 1 rì） zài tóu jiàng shū shàng qiān zì。 hé lán jūn duì jiāo chū liǎo suǒ yòu wǔ qì hé wù zī， cán cún de bāo kuò shāng bìng yuán zài nèi de yuē 900 yú míng hé lán jūn mín， chéng chuán chè lí liǎo tái wān dǎo。 cǐ cì zhàn yì， jié shù liǎo hé lán qīn lüè zhě zài tái wān 38 nián de zhí mín tǒng zhì， bǎo dǎo tái wān yòu huí dào liǎo zǔ guó de huái bào， yě shǐ zhèng chéng gōng chéng wéi zhōng guó rén mín xīn mù zhōng de mín zú yīng xióng。 shōu fù tái wān hòu， zhèng chéng gōng jì gào shān chuān， bān tún kěn lìng， kāi dōng níng wáng guó， lì zhèng jiā tiān xià， yōng yòu xiàn zài tái wān nán bù yǐ jí yī bù fèn dōng bù de tǔ dì， shè“ chéng tiān fǔ”， gǎi tái nán wéi“ dōng dū”， yǐ shì hòu míng yǒng lì dì dōng lái zhī yì， zhēng qǔ míng cháo yí chén xiào zhōng。 lìng bì hǎi wài qián kūn、 kàng qīng cháo yú hǎi wài。 tóng nián 4 yuè jiān chuán lái guì wáng zhū yóu láng sǐ yú miǎn diàn de xiāo xī。 suī rán réng yòu qí tā míng cháo zōng shì zài tái， dàn chéng gōng yǐ jué dìng bù zài yōng lì xīn dì， zì wéi tái wān zhī zhù。 zhèng chéng gōng zài tái wān chéng lì dì yī gè hàn rén zhèng quán， rán 'ér， yīn wéi dāng shí rè dài dì fāng wèi shēng tiáo jiàn bù hǎo， zhèng chéng gōng gǎn rǎn shí yì， zhōng yú bìng dǎo， tóng nián 6 yuè（ nóng lì wǔ yuè） bìng shì， xiǎng nián 38 suì。 yuán zàng tái nán zhōu zǎi wěi， 1699 nián qiān zàng nán 'ān zǔ mù。 chuán shuō bèi zhèng jīng hài sǐ。 kāng xī huáng dì tí zhuàn wǎn lián：“ sì zhèn duō 'èr xīn， liǎng dǎo tún shī， gǎn xiàng dōng nán zhēng bàn bì； zhū wáng wú cùn tǔ， yī yú kàng zhì， fāng zhī hǎi wài yòu gū zhōng。”
　　1662 nián dǎ bài qīn zhàn tái wān 38 nián zhī jiǔ de hé lán zhí mín zhù yì zhě， shōu fù liǎo wǒ guó shén shèng lǐng tǔ， xiě xià zhè shǒu《 fù tái》 shī：“ kāipì jīng zhēn zhú hé yí， shí nián shǐ kè fù xiān jī； tián héng shàng yòu sān qiān kè， rú kǔ jiān guān bù rěn lí。”
　　 zhèng chéng gōng de 'ér zǐ zhèng jīng jì xù jīng yíng tái wān， gǎi dōng dū wéi dōng níng。 yǐ chén yǒng huá zhī yì， yí zhí míng cháo zhōng yāng guān zhì， duì nèi suī réng fèng yǐ sǐ de míng yǒng lì dì zhī zhēngshuò， yǔ zhōng guó nèi lù qīng wáng cháo zhī shùn zhì、 kāng xī gè cháo hù bù tǒng shǔ， duì wài zé zì chēng“ dōng níng wáng guó”， shǐ yòu kāi guó cháng zhì zhī xiǎng， jīng yíng chéng xiào fěi rán。 hòu yīn jiàng jiāng shī láng shī fǎ zhèng chéng gōng dāng nián jìn gōng hé lán rén gù jì， gōng kè péng hú dǎo， yīn cǐ sūn zǐ zhèng kè shuàng yú 1683 nián jiàng qīng， wéi miǎn tái wān mín zhòng qǐ fǎn kàng zhī xīn， zhèng shì zài tái zhū fén xī shù zāo qīng wáng cháo jué qǐ qiān zàng zhōng guó nèi lù。 1684 nián 4 yuè， tái wān（ shí wéi tái wān fǔ） zhèng shì nà rù dà qīng dì guó bǎn tú， lì shǔ fú jiàn shěng， xià shè tái wān xiàn， fèng shān xiàn yǔ zhū luó xiàn， zǒng jì zhèng shì zhèng quán zài tái wān zhǐ yòu duǎn duǎn 'èr shí jǐ nián de shí jiān 'ér yǐ， dàn shì yīn wéi qí tè shū bèi jǐng， yīn cǐ bù zhǐ shì tái wān de lì shǐ xué jiā zhòng shì， hái guǎng shòu zhōng guó yǐ jí rì běn de shǐ jiè zhù mù， tí chū gè zhǒng bù tóng de yòu qù guān diǎn。
　　
　　 xiǎo xué kè wén << zhèng chéng gōng >>
　　
　　《 zhèng chéng gōng 》 shì sū jiào bǎn xiǎo xué jiào cái liù nián jí shàng cè de kè wén， zhù yào jiǎng shù zhèng chéng gōng rú hé shōu fù tái wān， jiàn shè tái wān zhǐ shì lüè xiě。
　　 duì hǎi wài huá rén de bǎo hù
　　1647 nián 1 yuè， zhèng chéng gōng zài liè yǔ qǐ bīng kàng qīng hòu， yú zhuǎn zhàn zhōng guó dà lù dōng nán bù qī jiān， duō cì bāng zhù míng shì zōng zú yǔ mín zhòng dù hǎi dìng jū tái wān jí dōng nán yà gè dì。 kàng qīng qī jiān， zhèng chéng gōng wèile chóu bèi liáng xiǎng 'ér dà lì fā zhǎn hǎi wài mào yì， dāng shí hé lán rén cháng jié duó zhèng shì hé hǎi wài huá rén shāng chuán， zhèng chéng gōng duō cì pài chū shuǐ jūn dǎ jī hé lán jiàn duì， bìng yú 1656 nián dào 1660 nián qī jiān liǎng cì jǐng gào hé lán rén， zhèng shì jiāng bù huì yǔ hé lán mào yì， chú fēi hé lán rén tíng zhǐ jié duó huá rén de shāng chuán。 lìng wài， zhèng chéng gōng ràng huá shāng lǐng qǔ zhèng fǔ lìng pái hé“ guó xìng yé” qí hào， yǐ bāng zhù bǎo hù huá rén zài hǎi wài jīng shāng shí de 'ān quán。 dāng shí què yòu hěn duō hǎi wài huá shāng cǎi qǔ cǐ fǎ， ér dé yǐ 'ān quán chū hǎi jīng shāng。 zhèng chéng gōng jì niàn guǎn《 fā xiàn tái wān》 shàng cè； tiān xià zá zhì biān ji； tiān xià zá zhì， dì 8 yè zhì dì 45 yè；
　　《 zhèng chéng gōng de tái wān shí dài》； chén jǐn chāng； yuǎn zú chū bǎn shè； ISBN957-29670-2-9
　　《 zhèng zhī lóng dà chuán》； chén wén dé； yuǎn liú chū bǎn shè； ISBN957-32-3482-3
　　 zhèng chéng gōng · shōu fù tái wān
　　 guō yǐng qiū《 lǐ dìng guó jì nián》
　　 gù chéng《 nán míng shǐ》
　　 duō cì yù gōng qǔ fěi lǜ bīn
　　1565 nián， xī bān yá zhí mín tǒng zhì fěi lǜ bīn， fěi lǜ bīn zhè gè míng zì， jiù shì lái zì xī bān yá guó wáng fěi lì pǔ 'èr shì de míng zì。 1603 nián hé 1639 nián， xī bān yá zhí mín zhě 'èr cì tú shā zài fěi lǜ bīn de huá qiáo huá shāng， sǐ wáng rén shù dá wǔ wàn yú zhòng。
　　 zài dé zhī fěi lǜ bīn huá qiáo de chǔjìng hòu， 1657 nián， zhèng chéng gōng céng jīng zhì hán gěi zhǎo wā dǎo bā dá wéi yà de yī wèi huá qiáo jiá bì dān， yào qiú tā tíng zhǐ yǔ fěi lǜ bīn de xī bān yá zhí mín zhě jìn xíng mào yì wǎng lái。 zhèng chéng gōng céng duō cì duì fěi lǜ bīn huá qiáo biǎo shì guān qiē， bìng tí chū yào shuài bīng gōng qǔ fěi lǜ bīn， yǐ chéng fá xī bān yá rén。
　　1662 nián， zhèng chéng gōng gōng xià tái wān hòu， qiǎn shǐ dào fěi lǜ bīn xiàng xī bān yá zǒng dū dì jiāo guó shū， qiǎn zé qí shā lù lüè duó huá qiáo de zuì xíng， yán lìng qí gǎi xié guī zhèng， fǔ shǒu nà gòng， dàn xī bān yá rén fǎn 'ér yīn cǐ zài mǎ ní lā jìn xíng liǎo dì sān cì duì huá qiáo de tú shā。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng wén xùn dà nù， jué dìng huī shī zhēng tǎo， wéi huá qiáo bào chóu。 tā yī miàn fǔ xù 'ān zhì cóng fěi lǜ bīn táo dào tái wān de huá qiáo， yī fāng miàn zǔ zhì chóu bèi jūn duì， pài rén 'àn zhōng yǔ zài fěi lǜ bīn de huá qiáo lián luò， yǐ dào shí kě lǐ yìng wài hé， dàn hái méi chū bīng， tā dé zhī 'ér zǐ zhèng jīng zài xiàmén gēn nǎi mā chén shì tōng jiān， zhèng chéng gōng bó rán dà nù， mìng bù jiāng zhèng tài shā zhèng jīng， zhèng tài yīn bù rěn 'ér kàng mìng， yòu huàn nüè jí， bù jiǔ bìng wēi， 1662 nián 6 yuè 23 rì bìng shì。
　　 hòu lái， qí zhèng jīng yě yú 1670 nián hé 1671 nián liǎng cì zhǔn bèi pài jiàn duì zhēng tǎo mǎ ní lā， dàn zuì zhōng hái shì méi yòu chū bīng。
　　 píng jià
　　 zhèng chéng gōng jiē shōu fù qīn de bīng lì， chéng yuán duō shì dào zéi chū shēn， yú shì zhèng chéng gōng yī zhí shì“ qiáng rén tǒng zhì”，“ yán xíng jùn fǎ”， jí shǎo jiē shòu shǔ xià de yì jiàn。 rán 'ér tā de wén rén bèi jǐng què yě néng ràng tā yǐ dé fú zhòng， tóng shí yě yòu zhù yú tā duì shāng yè fāng miàn de jīng yíng， chuàng zào chū shèng guò tā fù qīn de jú miàn。
　　 zhōng guó bǎ zhèng chéng gōng kàn zuò cóng hé lán rén shǒu shàng shōu fù tái wān de mín zú yīng xióng， ér tái dú fènzǐ zé bǎ zhèng chéng gōng kàn chéng hàn rén tuō lí zhōng guó tǒng zhì， yí mín tái wān， jiàn lì xīn tiān dì de diǎn fàn。
　　 dì míng
　　 tái běi shì jiàn tán
　　 xiāng chuán 1660 nián dài， zhèng chéng gōng jí qí suǒ shǔ jūn duì xíng jīng cǐ hé hé duàn shí， yù jiàn shén guài yǔ shén guài zào chéng de dà fēng làng， wéi fú guài， zhèng chéng gōng pāo yī shēn biān bǎo jiàn， shǐ jiàng fú shén guài。 hòu rén wéi jì niàn cǐ shì jiàn， gù jiāng gāi hé duàn yǔ suǒ hán gài liú yù jiē yǐ jiàn tán mìng míng。 dàn jīng hòu rén kǎo zhèng， cǐ yī mín jiān chuán shuō bìng bù què shí。
　　 tái zhōng xiàn dà jiá zhèn tiě zhēn shān de jiàn jǐng xún sān bǎo fù míng
　　 yòu tiān， zhèng chéng gōng （ xià jiǎn chēng zhèng） dào quán zhōu de xiān gōng miào qù， wèn xiān gōng míngzhāoyòu wú zhōng xīng de kě néng。 xiān gōng shuō：“ nǐ shì míng cháo zhōng chén， ruò xiǎng zhōng xīng míng cháo bì xiān dào tái qǔ sān bǎo： yī gè yù yìn、 yī jiàn wū shān chái、 yǐ jí chū mǐ yán。”
　　 yù yìn bǎn běn yī：
　　 zhèng zài tái zhǎo xún yù shí shí tú jīng dǎ gǒu shān， xiàng yī wèi xiān wēng dǎ tīng， dàn xiān wēng què xiān qǐng zhèng zài dòng xué lǐ guò yī wǎn。 gé tiān xiān wēng xún wèn：“ zuó yè shuì de chuáng wèihé？” zhèng dá：“ shí chuáng”， xiān wēng tàn dào：“ yī qiēdōu shì tiān yì， bù rán nín rú cǐ cōng míng， hé jiāng yù chuáng wù rèn wéi shí chuáng？” yǔ bì sòng zhèng yī tiáo yù dài。
　　 bǎn běn 'èr：
　　 zhèng dài shǎo shù jiànglǐng qián wǎng yù shān zhǎo xún yù shí， dàn yīháng rén zhěng tiān xià lái， zhǐ jiàn biàn dì shí zǐ， què wú yù shí。 dāng yīháng rén dǎ suàn dǎ dào huí fǔ shí yù shān de tǔ dì gōng xiàn shēn liǎo， shuō wèi jīng xǔ kě， rèn shuídōu zhǎo bù dào yù shí。
　　 zhèng biǎo míng lái yì hòu， tǔ dì gōng què tàn dào：“ dāng zuò pèi yù shàng kě， dàn yù yìn shù nán fèng sòng， zhǐ yīn tiān yì rú cǐ。” zhèng jīng yà dào：“ zhǐ shì yào kè yìn zhāng， yòu shénme tiān yì ní？”。 jiàn zhèng jiān chí， tǔ dì gōng miǎn wéi qí nán dì suí shǒu jiǎn qǐ yī kuài shí tóu gěi zhèng， shuō yě qí miào， dāng zhèng jiē guò lái shí， shùn jiān shí zǐ biàn wéi yù shí。 rán 'ér děng zhèng jiāng yù shí kè chéng yìn zhāng hòu， měi cì gài zài zhǐ shàng què dōushì“ nán wú guān shì yīn pú sà”。
　　 wū shān chái zhèng zài 'ā lǐ shān shí， zhǎo dào sān kē wū shān， qí zhōng liǎng kē xū yuē sān shí yú rén cái néng wéi zhù， lìng wài yī kē xiǎo yī diǎn， dàn yě yào 'èr shí qī bā rén。 dì yī tiān kǎn liǎo shù shēn de sān fēn zhī yī， dàn gé rì jiàn bèi kǎn de dì fāng jìng rán zì dòng yù hé， xiàng shì méi kǎn guò yī bān。 jiē lián shì liǎo hǎo jǐ tiān jiē rú cǐ， zhèng biàn qí shén qǐng qiú bāng máng， dāng wǎn tā mèng jiàn yī lǎo rén duì tā shuō：“ zhè sān kē wū shān shì shén shù， zhèng guǒ kuài xiū chéng liǎo， shuí kǎn， shuí jiù huì shòu shāng。 rán 'ér nǐ zhī suǒ yǐ 'ān rán wú yàng， zhèng shì yīn wéi nǐ shì míng cháo zhōng chén， shàng tiān dōuzài bǎo hù nǐ。 ruò nǐ yī dìng yào qǔ wū shān chái， qǐng zhù tán jì shān， ruò gāi nǐ dé zé huì zì dòng dǎo xià…” gé rì zhèng zhào qí zhǐ diǎn 'ér zuò， zhèng jì sì shí hū rán yī shēng jù xiǎng， jiào xiǎo de wū shān dǎo xià liǎo。
　　 chū mǐ yán zhèng tú jīng dà gǎng shān shí lìng shì bīng zhā yíng， zì jǐ zé qù miào lǐ bài jì， qí qiú zǎo rì dé sān bǎo yǐ biàn fù míng。 dāng wǎn zhèng jiù mèng jiàn fó zǔ dài tā sì chù yóu wán， bìng zhǐ diǎn cáng bǎo chù， shuō dào：“ gǔ cāng wèi yú miào hòu miàn de yán xué zhōng， zuǒ yòu qiān rén fǔ， yòu yòu wàn rén huǒ。”， jiē zhe shòu yǔ huǒ fǔ de yòng fǎ， zhǔ fù dào：“ chǎn chū de mǐ zhǐ néng zài cǐ shí yòng， bìng zhào rén shù qǔ zhī， bù kě duō qǔ。”
　　 gé rì， zhèng shuài bīng qù zhǎo xún， guǒ rán yòu mǐ cóng yán xué liú chū， tā biàn zhào fó zǔ shòu yǔ de fāng fǎ zhǔ fàn， quán shī liáng shí biàn zú gòu。
　　 zhǐ shì zhèng wú fǎ quán dé sān bǎo， zhù dìng wú fǎ fǎn qīng fù míng。
　　 yù zhào
　　 shì shì
　　《 tái wān xiàn zhì》 jìzǎi：“ dāng guó xìng gōng wò bìng de dāng chū， wǔ yuè chū 'èr zǎo， hū tiān hūn dì 'àn， huáng fēng dà zuò， chū sān gèng fēng yǔ jiāo jiā， tái jiāng jí 'ān píng wài hǎi bō làng chōng tiān， jì 'ér léi zhèn diàn shǎn， rú shān bēng dì liè，…… chū wǔ rì， tiān píng yǔ qíng liǎo， chū bā rì， guó xìng yé guī tiān。”
　　 nán tóu xiàn cǎo tún zhèn
　　 jù chuán wéi míng mò zhèng chéng gōng shuài jūn zhēng fān， zhù jūn yú cǐ， bīng shì diū qì jiù cǎo xié qì cǎo xié chéng dūn， suǒ yǐ jiù míng 「 cǎo xié dūn 」
　　 tái běi xiàn yīng gē zhèn de yīng gē shí
　　 jī lóng shì de xiān dòng
　　 tái wān zhèng chéng gōng miào yǔ jiā lián jí jǐn
　　 jùn dì jiǎn niú pí yù dí qū hé shòu jiàng chì qiàn， wǔ chuán dēng lù 'ěr 'ān mín kěn tǔ jiàn lì tái wān。 héng héng tái nán sān lǎo yé gōng
　　 zhèn shǒu tái hǎi miào jiàn wáng shī dēng lù dì， mén gù lù 'ěr shǐ liú yīng xióng qū hé tú。 héng héng lù 'ěr mén zhèn mén gōng
　　 nán tái liú shèng jì gōng gāo míng mò， líng hè zhèn jūn wēi zhuàng zhì qīng chū。 héng héng jī lóng nán líng gōng
　　 guó tǔ wú shuāng yī dài xióng fēng yáng chì qiàn， shèng 'ēn yòu gǎn qiān qiū huì zé zhù jiāo xī。 héng héng yí lán jiāo xī guó shèng miào
　　 kāi tái dé yè yī shēng zhōng qì shān hé zhuàng， tiān xià xūn míng qiānzǎi jīng shén rì yuè guāng。 héng héng zhāng huà zhú táng tiān kāi gōng
　　 gēqǔ《 zhèng chéng gōng 》
　　 jī běn xìn xī
　　 gēqǔ： zhèng chéng gōng
　　 gē shǒu： hòu xián
　　 zuòqǔ： hòu xián
　　 zuò cí： hòu xián
　　 zhuān ji： dōng fāng bù bài
　　 gēqǔ jiè shào
　　 yī shǒu chōng mǎn lì shǐ yīng xióng yuán sù de rén wù chuán yī shǒu chōng mǎn lì shǐ yīng xióng yuán sù de rén wù zhuànjì liú xíng qū。 nóng nóng de lì zhì qíng huái liú chàng qí zhōng， fù gē bù fēn“ mā mā de shǒu zhōng xiàn， féng hé liǎo jǐ bǎi nián” de qī měi jiā jī 'áng， ràng měi gè réndōu bù jìn dòng róng。
　　 gù shì gài yào：
　　 xiàmén bì yè de dà xué shēng fēn pèi dào zhèng chéng gōng jì niàn guǎn jìn xíng shū jí guǎn lǐ gōng zuò， zhī qián de chóu chú mǎn zhì biàn chéng liǎo yī gè xiǎo xiǎo de shǐ liào guǎn lǐ yuán， yǐ qián xiǎng shū xiě lì shǐ， rú jīn què shǒu zhe lì shǐ， xīn lǐ de luò chā céng ràng tā xīn huī yì lěng，
　　 yī yè， zhèng chéng gōng tuō mèng 'ér lái， gào sù tā， lì shǐ de zhǐ hé bǐ， dū děng zhe měi gè rén zì jǐ qù shū xiě……
　　 jì liú xíng qū。 nóng nóng de lì zhì qíng huái liú chàng qí zhōng， fù gē bù fēn“ mā mā de shǒu zhōng xiàn， féng hé liǎo jǐ bǎi nián” de qī měi jiā jī 'áng， ràng měi gè réndōu bù jìn dòng róng。 gù shì gài yào： xiàmén bì yè de dà xué shēng fēn pèi dào zhèng chéng gōng jì niàn guǎn jìn xíng shū jí guǎn lǐ gōng zuò， zhī qián de chóu chú mǎn zhì biàn chéng liǎo yī gè xiǎo xiǎo de shǐ liào guǎn lǐ yuán， yǐ qián xiǎng shū xiě lì shǐ， rú jīn què shǒu zhe lì shǐ， xīn lǐ de luò chā céng ràng tā de。
　　 gē cí
　　 lì shǐ de chéng wài shòu jiē xiù qīng tái
　　 zì lǐ dāo qiāng xíng jiān wǒ sì hǎi
　　 kě lèi cóng bù jìzǎi
　　 zuó yè liú de bái shuí zhàn mò lái zhù zǎi
　　 fàn fàn hòu shēng kě céng jǐ zài bēi qián pái huái
　　 céng jié bài bā xiān xuè mài
　　 tūn tù guò hǎi péng pài
　　 dú zhàn zài rì guāng yán wài
　　 shù qǐ nǐ de nián dài
　　 jìn pāo kāi shǐ shū cāng hǎi
　　 lì shǐ kàn jūn xiàn zài
　　 zhèng chéng gōng dāng nián yǒng
　　 tuō mèng gǔn gǔn 'ér lái
　　 yè bàn yǎn rén jiǎ mián
　　 wù xiǎng niàn yuè de yuán quē
　　 mā mā de shǒu zhōng xiàn
　　 fǎn fù dì féng hé liǎo jǐ bǎi nián
　　 kòngbái yè wǒ shū xiě
　　 jiù suàn mèng zài huā jiá yuán
　　 guāng yīn jì mò de lǐn liè
　　 zài 'àn biān
　　Rap:
　　 dàobèi rú liú nǐ de lì shǐ kǎo juàn
　　 gāo tán kuò lùn lǐ miàn mó hú liǎo shì xiàn
　　 mín zú jīng shén huí dá jiē jìn jīng què
　　 yìn shuà jī de jiàn jiě mǎn fēn de wēi xiǎn
　　 nì fēng gǎn zǒu shēn shàng de tuǒ xié
　　 yīng xióng chóngshēng zài shēn yè
　　 lì shǐ de chéng wài shòu jiē xiù qīng tái
　　 zì lǐ dāo qiāng xíng jiān wǒ sì hǎi
　　 kě lèi cóng bù jìzǎi
　　 zuó yè liú de bái shuí zhàn mò lái zhù zǎi
　　 fàn fàn hòu shēng kě céng jǐ zài bēi qián pái huái
　　 céng jié bài bā xiān xuè mài
　　 tūn tù guò hǎi péng pài
　　 dú zhàn zài rì guāng yán wài
　　 shù qǐ nǐ de nián dài
　　 jìn pāo kāi shǐ shū cāng hǎi
　　 lì shǐ kàn jūn xiàn zài
　　 zhèng chéng gōng dāng nián yǒng
　　 tuō mèng gǔn gǔn 'ér lái
　　 yè bàn yǎn rén jiǎ mián
　　 wù xiǎng niàn yuè de yuán quē
　　 mā mā de shǒu zhōng xiàn
　　 fǎn fù dì féng hé liǎo jǐ bǎi nián
　　 kòngbái yè wǒ shū xiě
　　 jiù suàn mèng zài huā jiá yuán
　　 guāng yīn jì mò de lǐn liè
　　 zài 'àn biān
　　Rap:
　　 dàobèi rú liú nǐ de lì shǐ kǎo juàn
　　 gāo tán kuò lùn lǐ miàn mó hú liǎo shì xiàn
　　 mín zú jīng shén huí dá jiē jìn jīng què
　　 yìn shuà jī de jiàn jiě mǎn fēn de wēi xiǎn
　　 nì fēng gǎn zǒu shēn shàng de tuǒ xié
　　 yīng xióng chóngshēng zài shēn yè
　　 zhèng chéng gōng mù
　　 zhèng chéng gōng mù zài nán 'ān shì yán zhe fú shà gōng lù de shuǐ tóu zhèn fù jìn de kāng diàn cūn fù chuán shān， wéi quán guó zhòng diǎn wén wù bǎo hù dān wèi。 zhèng chéng gōng shì wǒ guó wěi dà de mín zú yīng xióng， míng sēn、 zì míng yǎn、 hào dà mù， zhèng chéng gōng mù fú jiàn shěng nán 'ān shí jǐng rén， chū shēn yú guān shāng jiā tíng。 1624 nián nóng lì qī yuè shí sì rì， dàn shēng yú rì běn cháng qí xiàn píng hù shì qiān lǐ bāng。 zài rì běn dù guò qī gè chūn qiū， 1630 nián jiān suí cóng qí shū zhī yàn děng huí guó， zhù 'ān píng（ jìn jiāng shì 'ān hǎi zhèn） zhèng fǔ。 zhèng chéng gōng zì yòu cōng míng mǐn jié， bā suì néng tōng dú sì shū wǔ jīng， shí suì néng xiě rù gǔ wén， wén zhāng guò rén， cí zǎo huá lì diǎn yǎ， shí yī、 èr suì， jiān xí chūn qiū zuǒzhuàn， sūn wú bīng fǎ， bìng néng wǔ jiàn xué shè。 shí wǔ suì de bǐng shēng， èr shí yī suì gōng rù nán jīng guó zǐ jiān tài xué， qì yǔ xuān 'áng， cái huá héng yì， huò dé shī cháng chēng zàn：“ cǐ rén yīng xióng， fēi rén suǒ dé bǐ。”
　　 míng lóng wǔ dì jiàn chéng gōng niánshào yīng jùn， wén wǔ shuāng quán， wèn zhī rì“ jiāng shān wēi yǐ， nǐ hé cóng wǒ hū？” duì rì：“ wén bù tān cái， wǔ bù pà sǐ， jiāng shān kě bǎo yǐ。” lóng wǔ dì fēi cháng zàn xǔ tā， jí cì tā yǔ tóng xìng， yì míng“ chéng gōng”， fēng yù yíng zhōng jūn dū dū， shòu shàng fāng bǎo jiàn， yí tóng fù mǎ， zì shì xián chēng“ guó xìng yé”。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng yī shēng zuì wěi dà de gōng jì shì shōu fù tái wān， qū zhú hé lán qīn lüè zhě hé dà guī mó kāi fā tái wān。 yǒng lì shí wǔ nián（ gōng yuán 1662 nián） shí 'èr yuè gān sān rì， shuài jūn sān wàn yú rén， dà bù fèn shì quán zhōu rén， bǎ hé lán qīn lüè zhě cóng zhōng guó bǎo dǎo tái wān gǎn zǒu。 zhèng chéng gōng shí xiàn liǎo tā shōu fù tái wān hé kāi fā tái wān de yuǎn dà bào fù。 dāng shí céng fù shī yī shǒu“ kāipì jīng zhēn zhú hé yí， shí nián shǐ kè fú xiān jī。 tián héng shàng yòu sān qiān kè， gū kǔ jiān guān bù rěn lí。“ shōu fù tái wān yǐ hòu， tā zǒu fǎng sì shè， liǎo jiě mín qíng jí shè huì qíng kuàng， zài nà huāng liáng de tái wān dǎo shàng， shí xíng“ yù bīng yú nóng” zhī fǎ， tún kěn kāi huāng，“ nóng xì zé xùn yǐ wǔ shì， yòu jǐng zé hé gē yǐ zhàn， wú jǐng zé fù lái yǐ gēng”。 nà shí， tái wān xīn pìtǔ dì huán jìng shí fēn 'è liè， zhàng lì liú xíng，“ bìng zhě shí zhī qī bā， sǐ zhě jī duō”， shèn zhì yòu shù shí zhàng jù mǎng wéi huàn， kāi huāng rèn wù fēi cháng jiān jù， zhèng chéng gōng dū xīn shuài guān bīng， jī jí kāi fā， tóng shí cǎi qǔ gè zhǒng cuò shī jiā jǐn gǒng gù tái wān hǎi fáng， jiān shǒu zhèn dì， miǎn yú hé lán qīn lüè zhě“ fù chóu”， zhòng zhàn tái wān。 zhèng chéng gōng shuài jūn pī jīng zhǎn jí， liúxiě liú hàn， jiān kǔ chuàng jǔ。 yóu yú shí nián zhēng zhàn， chí chěng shā chǎng， jī láo chéng jí， yú yǒng lì shí liù nián（ gōng yuán 1662 nián） nóng lì wǔ yuè chū bā bìng shì tái wān， xiǎng nián sān shí yòu jiǔ， mù zàng yú tái wān de tái nán zhōu zǎi wěi。 lì jīng sān shí duō nián， qí sūn zhèng kè shuàng jiàng qīng hòu， yú kāng xī sān shí bā nián（ gōng yuán 1699 nián） 5 yuè 22 rì mǎo shí qiān jiù guī zàng yú nán 'ān xiàn， fǔ zàng yú kāng diàn cūn de zhèng shì zǔ yíng， suí tóng qiān zàng de hái yòu qí zǐ zhèng jīng de líng jiù。 dāng shí kāng xī dì chú xià chì qiǎn guān bīng hù jiù wài， hái cì wǎn lián yī duì， rì：“ sì zhèn duō 'èr xīn liǎng dǎo tún shī gǎn xiàng dōng nán zhēng bàn bì； zhū wáng wú shǒu tǔ yī yú kàng zhì fāng zhī hǎi wài yòu gū zhōng。“ ěr hòu hái pài yù lín jūn hù líng shǒu mù。 tóng shí qiān zàng yú zǔ yíng lè zhāi gōng nèi hái yòu qí fù zhèng zhī lóng， qí mǔ hé qí qī mù shì， qiān mù hòu zhòng lì mù bēi。
　　1929 nián， zhèng líng bèi dào， jí shí qiǎng jiù shí zhì mù zhì míng liǎng kuài， yī wéi zhèng jīng 1674 nián huí xiāng xiū zǔ fén shí suǒ lì de（ gǎn lǎn shān mù zhì）。 lìng yī shì qiān zàng shí zhèng kè shuàng zhī《 zhèng shì guī mù zǔ wén mù zhì》。 zhèng chéng gōng líng jiù yòng guān kuò liǎng céng， lǐ miàn yī céng yóu qī zhū hóng xiān xiān zé， guān nèi bù mǎn shuǐ yín， gǔ gé wán hǎo， qǔ chū jiāng kuī yī xiàng， lóng páo yī jiàn， yāo wéi yù dài xiāng yù shí qī kuài， xuē xié gè yī shuāng， hái yòu tóu fā děng zhēn guì yī jí wén wù， yóu nán 'ān shí jǐng zhèng chéng gōng jì niàn guǎn shōu cáng。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng mù cǎi yòng shuǐ huī sān hé tǔ gòu zhù tǔ duī mù， mù bēi mù dào jiē yòng huā gǎng shí diāo qì chéng， mù bēi gāo 75 lí mǐ， cháng 15 ． 8 lí mǐ， chéng“ shān” zì xíng， zhěng zuò mù yù zhàn dì 997 píng fāng mǐ， mù qián shí zhì huá biǎo yī duì， xiāng jù 15 mǐ， gāo 14 mǐ， chéng bā jiǎo xíng， jìng 52 lí mǐ， dǐng duān diāo yī zuò shī， bǎo cún wán hǎo。 mù qián liǎng cè hái yòu shí bǎn qí gān jiā jiǔ duì， zuǒ wǔ yòu sì， qí zhōng yī bǎn kè yòu“ shù zǐ nián jièyuán” wǔ gè zì。 mù qián， kuò dà bǎo hù fàn wéi， jiàn zhù líng yuán dà wéi qiáng jiàn lì wén wù bǎo guǎn suǒ， xiū zhù mù dào hé zhuān xiàn gōng dào， lǜ huà lín mù huā cǎo， jiàn zhì bēi tíng， huán jìng kuān chǎng， fēng jǐng yōu měi， wéi hǎi nèi wài yóu lǎn hé jì bài“ guó xìng yé” de hǎo dì fāng。
　　 zhèng chéng gōng jiā zú jiè shào
　　 zhèng chéng gōng jiā zú jù zhèng shì jiā pǔ jìzǎi
　　 zhèng shì biǎo shēng wǔ zǐ
　　 zhèng zhī lóng， zhèng zhī hǔ， zhèng zhī lín， zhèng zhī fèng， zhèng zhī bào
　　 zhèng zhī lóng shēng wǔ zǐ
　　 zhèng chéng gōng ， zhèng liú， zhèng 'ēn， zhèng yìn， zhèng xí
　　 zhèng chéng gōng shēng shí zǐ
　　 zhèng jīng， zhèng cōng， zhèng míng， zhèng ruì， zhèng zhì， zhèng kuān， zhèng yù， zhèng wēn， zhèng róu， zhèng fā
　　 zhèng jīng shēng qī zǐ
　　 zhèng kè shuàng， zhèng kè tǔ xīng， zhèng kè jūn， zhèng kè tǔ yǒu， zhèng kè， zhèng kè qí， zhèng kè què
　　 zhèng kè shuàng shēng sān zǐ
　　 zhèng 'ān fú， zhèng 'ān lù， zhèng 'ān kāng

　　Zheng Chenggong (1624-1662), the Ming and Qing Dynasty national hero, the famous Chinese military strategist in history, politicians. Whose real name is Nathan, but also Mingfu Song, Ming Yan, word, number wooden, Han, Ishii Town, Nanan City, Fujian Province, people. AD August 27, 1624 born, historical records, he was "young intelligent, brave and promising." Already is wise beyond the age of 11, wrote an article: "boy when the sweep should advance and retreat," the paper said so: Tang Wu of Zheng Zhu, also a sweep; Yao and Shun the military's so, one should also advance and retreat. The teacher whom praise. His father, Zheng Zhi, mother name Tianchuan Shi. Gushi County, Henan Province, Wang shed native village Deng damiaocun. Hiromitsu when monitoring students, Ming Shao cases surname Zhu, and Feng Chung Hau Po, which is that he called "Koxinga" comes from. Bowls to Fujian, the son of Zheng Zhi Ying down, he cried admonished not listen, raise an army against the Qing Dynasty. Zhang Huangyan Union after the Northern Expedition division, vibration Southeast. Kangxi Dynasty (1662) have rates of tens of thousands of soldiers, starting from Xiamen, Wo Liu land in the Port of Taiwan, beat Dutch colonists recover Taiwan, but also build up Taiwan, but also make him shine through the ages, leaving a legacy. But at that time in Taiwan because of the tropical coupled with poor sanitary conditions, Zheng Chenggong to Taiwan not long contracted the disease, and in June 23, 1662 (lunar eighth day) died, the surviving 38 years.
　　1644, Manchus, occupied Beijing, the then two years of Manchu (1645) eliminated the leftover Ming Zhu backers of Fukuo established by the Song Mountain in Nanjing Hongguang Zheng right, so there is room descent Ming Tang Ming Wang Zhu Yu key in Fuzhou emperor, reign as the "Long arms." Long Feng Zheng Zhi for the construction of Emperor Amber, after the company sealed the country level. Zheng Zhi with a 21-year-old Sen-time audience with the emperor to Shane, in the meeting, the Emperor asked how salvation, with the Southern Song Yuefei Sen as saying: "Wenchen do not love money, Takeomi at death, peace and harmony carry on." Lung Emperor applaud Sen's verbal exchanges, surname as the surname Zhu Ming States, changed its name to succeed, and Chung Hau Po-seal, which is commonly known as Koxinga his origin. 22-year-old Emperor Wu of Zheng Chenggong Yu Ren Nan Minglong military camp military governor. Qing Shunzhi three years (two years Nanming Long Wu, 1646), the Qing forces captured Fujian, Tang Wanglong killed the Emperor Wu, National Tsing Hua University degree in Hong Chengchou the protection offered under the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong's father that the days are numbered, regardless of Zheng Chenggong's opposition surrender to the Qing court north alone. In this time looting Qing Cheng, Cheng's mother, Tian Chuanshi to avoid humiliation in the bowls, ritual suicide. "CIA hate country" under the Wu-two in December (January 1647) in Lieyu Zheng Chenggong (Little Kinmen) dispatched troops, flags on the title of "General Zui Chen Chung Hau Po Zhao Tao Zhu big success." Yongli three years (1649) conversion to reign Ming Yong Li, Yongli Emperor him as Koxinga, so those who have called Zheng Yanping. 1651 to 1652 in the Taiwanese small surplus Ling, Siena (now Hai) and other access to 3 major victory, wiped out in Minqing main army. Zhejiang Zhoushan commanded the troops after taking the North, South, Guangdong Jieyang broken. Junji year (1655), the Qing general economic degrees shuaibing set ambitious about 30,000 to Fujian, together with troops stationed in Minqing, offensive ZHENG. Qing Zheng Chenggong poor use of the weakness of the water war, induced the sea battle, in April the following year its navy destroy the Xiamen sea area around head. In the 16 years after the uprising, Zheng Chenggong, according to the present Little Kinmen and Xiamen (then a small island and the mainland are not linked) in the vicinity of the island, complete control of the sea power to collect and foreigners doing business capital, military preparations, and inland to establish more commercial base to collect a number of the Qing and the court's intelligence, has several times raised his army, and also to gain time for the Qing court to resume peace negotiations troops. During the Qing Zheng Zhi down the request of the Qing court several times to write to Zheng Chenggong summon somebody to surrender, the Qing emperor has issued an edict for the canonization of Jinghai Zheng Chenggong Siena general public, Cheng Jian, not speech; Junji 14 years ( 1657), Zheng Zhi and Zheng Chenggong of private letters was intercepted by the Qing court to collaborators in the offense of migration in Zheng Zhi Ning Guta.
　　Junji 16 years (1659), the Qing army captured the city in Yunnan Province, Yongli Emperor critical. The general Zheng Chenggong Zhang and Lu Wang in Fujian and Zhejiang Huangyan contain bowls, water command the army 170 000 Northern Expedition, the following year into the Yangtze River, grams guazhou, Zhenjiang, Nanjing, around and near Nanjing and Anhui recover parts. Zheng Chenggong Zhang Huangyan sent to Wuhu, maintains the city along the Yangtze River in Nanjing to the west of kung himself leading troops attacked the city of Nanjing. Qing Dynasty in Nanjing are two guarding the Governor Lang Ting Zuo Jiang, who is very cunning, for time, waiting for reinforcements, they make a delaying action, kung pretend to surrender, so that Zheng Chenggong off guard, and secretly sent out of town for help. Dawn on July 23, Qing Zheng Chenggong's troops were attacked, suffered heavy casualties. Xiamen Zheng Chenggong led back the remnants of base. After the withdrawal of Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan Anhui themselves they also defeated the Qing Kocide, makeup fled Zhejiang, Anhui and Nanjing, where they were near the Qing occupation. Although this attack, due to underestimate the enemy and Zheng Chenggong fail, but it shook the rule of the Qing dynasty in the southeast, but also shocked the Qing central government in Beijing.
　　Zheng Chenggong's most important ally - the king was John Reading
　　Zheng Chenggong's most brilliant performance of his life, not the recovery of Taiwan but against the Ching soldiers, and John Reading, one in Yunnan and Guangxi, one in the southeast coast, and frequently give bowls a fatal blow to support the Southern Ming regime, as long as two decades, called Qingtian double columns; forced the Qing court had to make concessions, as was the "Emperor Kangxi of the government" basis.
　　However, the historical facts, John Reading realignment plan is the development of Guangdong, in 1653,1654 years (Junji years, 10 year) his dream is something with the attack from Zheng Chenggong, made recovery of Guangdong, re Landscape of the the first step. However, this is only wishful thinking given country, Zheng Chenggong not want to do. Not because he could not see ZTE join forces in Guangdong is a key with Ming, but Zheng Chenggong Zheng led the group in his place the interests of the most important position. Of Zheng Chenggong raised his army after the whole experience, you can see he is a great people with great ambitions, in the Ming and Qing confrontation, land division cases, he not strong enough in view of its own strength, political influence can not be the same on the next, the coexistence of two competing power clean people (including the gentry), so his strategy was the Ming and Qing two parties who can give him arbitrary, or cede territory from the male, he would the Holy Spirit, "Zhengshuo." In his own words, his ideal is to do a "vertical and horizontal and by the" in "Phoenix", do not want to become a "trap threshold into" and "Butch." So he would say so: "If the letter Qing children, compared with the Qing Dynasty; If you do not believe children made, it was clear Morrison." In short, the only "remote Feng", not "invaders." This is Zheng He, and later raised by the usual "than in Korea," the ideological roots.
　　Zheng Chenggong will not take into account their relative independence will be very limited military and political affairs should be always given in the court otherwise escape the encroachment of the meeting. More importantly, own strength, nobility and prestige, both slightly behind John Reading, to John Reading, the relationship with Yongli court more closely than he, these factors must Zheng Chenggong's foresight in being. Therefore, no matter how Reading is to develop the right strategy, and regardless of the country in order to achieve Ming Chung Hsing set on how he painstakingly persuaded, Zheng Chenggong, as a total sea area in Fujian inserted flexible steel bars as the size of external force can cause shaking around him degree, finally I own immovable Southern pillar. Ming and Qing Dynasties of the best military strategist John Reading, the tragedy is that: Sun has been out front against the Qing Dynasty in Yunnan is expected to hate, can not Huguang (now Hunan, Hubei), Jiangxi battlefield displaying such thing; medium high hopes with Bing Yue Zheng Chenggong , Min, join forces north, get in return went through the motions, Xinhui defeat, bereavement division lost, Ming ZTE from hopeless, he can do is follow the example of Zhuge Liang "A dedicated, die."
　　Zheng Chenggong on Chaozhou, Guangdong Province has attached great importance, it is Zheng major source of family rations. Zheng Hongkui and made many soldiers Chaozhou Zheng Chenggong reason why. But his intention was, hope to surge, according to their own benefit areas to forage, to supply troops, and ZHENG Yong Li court in between is best left a clear party jurisdiction, destroyed by fire resisting walls on this Cheng Group adversely. So, he and Mr John Reading anxious situation, blindly put off delaying strategy. As noted above, John Reading, the second into the broad deployment of six months before the battle has already scheduled rendezvous date of notification of the Guangdong Yi division, may not notice not expect to play a key role in the global strategy of Zheng Chenggong.
　　From the "kings Record" in the know, Li Jing and will bring the country messenger response is returned to Xiamen three days of no later than September, the "fan must join forces two books, Justice Being the Desire troop movements, loyalist south. To prisoner to the spring, so that temporary difference Golden Gate. " However, he was chosen to drag the country had set October as specified in the letter expected before (on the 15th ago) division of, to October 19 was "laid off teachers south, and the king was (is when John Reading, the king was not yet closed), etc. loyalist rendezvous . Committee left the military auxiliary Ming Hou Linta Governor for the land and water, put all the machines should adjust the military; Committee Youjun Min An Hou Zhourui guide for the Navy, "shuaibing tens of thousands of ships 100," Krzysztof Nanzheng ", also sent officials loyalist Biao Yi Lin Yunqiong turn to line, and the book will be the king was so held (scheduled for plotting when the country), the book goes: "JI Qiu Xing respect to access, read John taught Ponder, skin repair spears and playing power, big break long-cherished wish. ... ... hereby stack bearing large teaching, those things since the accident aircraft How to delay? Chennai respect so spacious camp, the value of Nam Fung Shing Fat, without benefit Nanzheng help the Northern Expedition. ... ... that Yuqian division south, and Five Rams were to take your department, a letter of non-edge style, the find smth hairdressers. ... ... hereby session MENG Dong, north wind can push to make The auxiliary Ming Hou Linta, Min Hou Zhourui other security command, sailing east (?) that, although ashamed of non-VSC banner, however Mian effective hand. Navy focusing on three sides by land division to do its a web, the Guangdong Emirates capture carry on from time to fight. "
　　Zheng Chenggong this out a few points are worth noting military. First, Cheng has since raised his army command in person whenever there are major battles, the battle into the Guangdong side of the Ming and Qing significant, Reading is plotting a western route is any coach, to his letter has repeatedly stressed the realignment Guangdong's strategic significance, such as saying "something harmonic and Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, direct transfer of a Xi war," then why did he refuse to hand the West on what the military system? The only explanation is that he has been shirking its responsibility in the following preparation. Second, many general Zheng Chenggong, select Linta in land and water division is Admiral can be described as discerning, Li Yongli, when the court is the first backers Shaowu Zheng Linta right, big civil war, then let him reunification Jun Yong Li Cohesion in a sense, the main court is indeed "the best candidate." Third, Jiu Li Rong Zheng Chenggong is a line of command, in faithfulness to his brother in the world, also said he "use of troops are old men", let alone fighting the Qing ZHENG several times with no time for rescue and funeral division lost city He certainly understand that "winning the occasion, hair's breadth" of the truth, then he set the country in early September before the October 15th earnestly urged to arrive at the designated location ZHENG letter, why drag it on the 19th the mobilization of soldiers, "Krzysztof Nanzheng" do? Fourth, Zheng Chenggong Reading is something I already knew from the attack from the previous year, in one fell swoop Guangdong plans to restore, during which the country is also set to urge him to lead the troops repeatedly sent envoys collusion.
　　Clear view from the archives, who started on October kung licensing soldiers will mobilize, deploy, Nanzheng matters; fourth day on his person at Copper Mountain (now Dongshan County) by the soldiers, boatmen, "Professor Fu Ming Hou Linta positive Admiral , Min-An Hou (Ralph CHOW) as Vice Admiral, 100 under the jurisdiction of the ship, sent to Guangdong Province and the Western Zeibing join. " October 22, Qing Xu Long report Guangdong navy lieutenant, "there are hundreds of boats upstream assembly, security Houzhou Rui Min, Fu Ming Hou Linta have shuaibing south trend. Covered in 23, on the 24th trip have made to Tateishi, have made a visit to Guangdong. " November 19, Linta park in the South Australian Department of camp, "discuss military affairs." Copper Mountain from South Australia, but Barry, Cheng said the letter, "is hereby session MENG Dong, north wind stirring up" a time when the wind one day can be. Zheng Chenggong military parade on October fourth day life at Copper Mountain will be a half months after the camp parking discuss what military affairs in South Australia. Then, after a week that November 25 to 27, Linta s Strategy, led by three hundred such ships to Haifeng, Guangdong Hom Zhai Jin (Kan xiazhai immediately, in Haifeng County South Beach) . Early in December the 5th, Linta Over a hundred leading four boats, his soldiers to the sea level 30 000 Yuzhong into the arrival (the sea level this Huidong County). Linta the same month on the 14th sent a team of white wooden cargo boat boat arrived Dapeng (across the sea with the level of Daya Bay) levy lose fact that rice village, where you hear of Guangdong coastal justice division Wanrong, Chen Qi-making team, it was clear party reconnaissance, Wanrong Zeng Yi pig, wine rewarded ZHENG. On the 15th, Linta boat three hundred ships and other units near the temple door (in Humen two hundred miles south, away from Guangzhou, four hundred miles).
　　Above have already said John Reading, the defeat in the new session date is December 14, that is, the removal Linta part of the vessel to the same Wanrong Dapeng Chen Yi Qi Policy Division encounter that day. At that time only knew Wanrong so new session is fighting, it is impossible to know given the country retreat, almost certainly because of their strong persuasion, Linta was only one day into the sea from the flat to the Buddhist Church. Some few days later, they will get from the Department of Guangdong righteous army rapidly defeated army of the West will withdraw the country's news, watching the sea for a very long time (which must have sent referrals to the matter of Zheng Chenggong), in Shunzhi years (1655 year) in May returned to Xiamen.
　　Ming and Qing archives and records left by the two sides show that Zheng Chenggong although sent troops, war is not the intention. Qing Fujian and Guangdong provinces ZHENG senior officials pay close attention to trends, reports to the court date Linta and activities such as the south is quite detailed, but not the contents of any matter of war, that Linta, Rui Zhou was by no means the Department of can not be reached early Qing check the country specific location; fourth day from October to December 14 on a dawdling two months and 10 days reached the level sea, sent some warships to the collected food Dapeng the village, and Yang records Linta, Rui-troops, his status with the loyal subjects to account Bohong Xu Zhen, "according to the proposed" ten months of total food distribution, lack of visible or because forage. The only remaining explanation is in order will be entered into when Zheng Chenggong Qinshou machine should: not Jiaxizhenzuo. The judge can not only delay the time from everywhere on the ZHENG see, from the Qing Fang Fang Zheng records from archives and also could not find any trace of operations, gives the impression that the South China Sea Koxinga organized a large-scale tourism, the organization The change in the Ming and Qing war situation in the battle of John Reading, the means taken to courteously but without sincerity, the consequences are very serious.
　　"Chi of Taiwan," volume IV in mind Linta, Rui-returns Xiamen report "s Strategy plays Steller's door (that is, Humen), detect defeat John Reading, Wuzhou fall, not into the military, but also teachers." Zheng Chenggong play politics, blame Linta, Rui Zhou and other "loyalist into the aid, Jun Ming of the original free ride once, lingering wait while back, Chao Dian not? Haier Six Prevention recoil, when do is sin." Then ordered Ralph CHOW "wins Jazz cut level, solution of its soldiers handle, never the Public Service"; Linta, who have poor downgrade. In to Reading is the letter wrote: "off-year-old Qu so remote to the same hatred of fellow soldiers of the set, and even break Su heart. With a tie up dry Earnings stomach, large set of floor boat, side carved-way stage, while the spacious member Li Jing Fu Taiwanese life to, to read and then four, to know His Highness the worry within the emergency Jun Fu, Chou Chou circumscribed pain; not eloquent wished he could Yukiho You Hu, straight sweep the Pearl River, focused on the vital homeland to meet with Cheng Yu. nothing was intended to ship division yet to come, while the master has been first class back to several days. have your officers and men from the Department of Guangdong to vote who, hearing it so thin, covered with arrogance caused soldiers fell. the outcome of military strategists of the ordinary, less anxiety. but spacious vessels lingering, can not join forces in advance, but also can not be excited map backup, real and guilt Yan. has land and water all will, validation functions sin, I realized that by complying or not the former, Min An Houzhou Rui, has re-bundle responsibilities, dismissal busy lives, is a study of its active, or have Fa carry on. ... ... "
　　In summary ,1653-1654 John Reading, the Battle of Guangdong Planning is the last chance Ming ZTE. State plan will focus on what contact Koxinga attack, with the first wipe out the divisions in Guangdong Guangdong Qing Yi, exhibition. These three forces against the Qing Dynasty in China, John Reading, the military justice division of Guangdong are all-out, just as Zheng Chenggong his intention, and finally lost by the wayside. Guangdong justice division in order to achieve the performance given the country's strategic intentions quite enough enthusiasm and praise. States battle new session scheduled after the failure of justice responsible for liaison with the Guangdong Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi Normal Liancheng Bi Ming still campaigned for this thing a joint attack strategy. He Yong Li in June 1655 to the memorial to the throne in the appeal court: "The Swansea division fast hair re-Min Fan Yang, and Qi Chen and Fu-chen GUO drum of a drum and then, by the enemy's weakness, the strong with me, Yuedong inadequate level also. "the following year (1656, Junji 10 years, Yongli years) in July, Liancheng Bi Shu said again to contact him justice division in Guangdong," Caine Department Beach, ... ... pillow to be the king of teachers Ge years, and Fujian division of Council previously received the power is not economic. " Reading is the new session as troops battle equipment to greater losses, but also eager to rush into Enron to meet the Emperor Yongli of Yunnan, attend to the battlefield of eastern Guangdong. Excellent opportunity to naught.
　　Recovering Taiwan, the expulsion from Dutch
　　Kangxi Huang Di Chu came to the throne in 1661, before falling to Huang Cheng-Wu Chen off thieves five policies, including a 20-year Evacuation orders from Shandong to Guangdong coast twenty years, cut off financial support Zheng Chenggong; destruction of coastal vessels, inch board allowed the water; also killed the father of Zheng Zhi on Ning Guta successful migration in office, (a city that I cut firewood in Beijing, the government school term of the present West Side alley, Yuan place of execution); dug graves Zheng; moved to the officers and men surrendered, sub-reclamation land.由于 Qing Government's new strategy, Zheng Chenggong and his army cut off the source of income, is facing a serious financial crisis, had to abandon the coastal islands Wei base, southeast coast of the military strategy of harassment, has been a long time to turn Voyage Shi Dai Jin Gong Since the duties and went to Asia, the Portuguese, Spanish, British, Dutch colonial separatism of Taiwan respectively, as a new base year on March 23, Cheng personally led 25,000 soldiers, warships Hundreds of ships, starting from Kinmen Liaoluo Wan, after Penghu, the enemy unexpectedly in Luerhmen and Wo Laos and Hong Kong landing. First to superior force to win the Dutch defense topic begins with a weak city (now in Tainan City), following the strong defense again the capital of Taiwan Town (now Tainan) long siege. After nine months of hard work, by the parent to assist in the early years of Han Chinese immigrants crossing the support to defeat the Dutch in 1662, forced the Premier of a colonial Governor in the same year on December 13 (February 1, 1662) in surrender book signing. Dutch troops to hand over all arms and materiel, including the sick and wounded, including the remnants of about 900 Dutch soldiers and civilians, evacuated the island by boat. The campaign to end the Dutch invaders in the 38-year colonial rule of Taiwan, Taiwan and Taiwan back to the motherland, but also to Zheng Chenggong become a national hero in the eyes of the Chinese people. After recovering Taiwan, Cheng Ji Gao mountains, awarded Settlement Act, to open the East Ningwang Guo, Li Cheng world, has now in southern Taiwan and eastern part of the land, set up a "commitment Tianfu" Tainan change to "Eastern Capital" to show clearly designate the meaning of the East Timor Yongli, Chen left for Ming allegiance. Open up overseas events, anti-Qing overseas. In the same year in April passed between Gui Wang Zhu died in Myanmar from the nut the news. Although there are other Ming imperial clan in Taiwan, but has decided not to own a successful Lixin Emperor, from the Lord of Taiwan. Zheng Chenggong was established in Taiwan, the first Han Chinese regime, however, because the sanitary conditions were poor tropical areas, Zheng Chenggong infection epidemic, finally sick of the same year in June (lunar) died at the age of 38 years. The original burial Tainan wei, 1699 exhumations Nan Anzu tomb. Zheng Jing legend was killed. Emperor Kangxi title essays elegiac couplet: "Four more II Town Center, two islands Tuen division, dare dispute banbishan Southeast; kings free inch of land, corner of anti-Zhi, Fang Zhong knowledge alone overseas."
　　The protection of overseas Chinese
　　"Zheng Zhi mass communications"; Chen Wende; Yuan-Liou Publishing; ISBN 957-32-3482-3
　　Gu Cheng, "Ming Shi"
　　That the situation of overseas Chinese in the Philippines after 1657, Cheng sent a letter to the island of Java, Batavia had a Chinese Kapitan asked him to stop and the Philippines, the Spanish colonizers to trade. Chinese Zheng Chenggong has repeatedly expressed concern about the Philippines, and proposed to shuaibing capture the Philippines, to punish the Spaniards.
　　Later, the Zheng Jing also in 1670 and 1671 campaign against the two prepared to send fleet in Manila, but eventually did not send troops.
　　China has the hands of Zheng Chenggong recovered Taiwan from the Dutch as a national hero Zheng Chenggong and Taiwan independence elements classifies as Han Chinese from Chinese rule, migrants in Taiwan, the establishment of new world model.
　　According to legend, 1660s, Cheng and their armed forces when passing through the river reach, meet with the supernatural fantasy resulting from large waves, the V strange, Zheng Chenggong throw a sword around before surrender supernatural. Commemorate this event after the man-made, it covered the river and lake basin tailor named sword. However, research by the later generations, this folklore is not true.
　　A printed version of Jade:
　　Zheng Yushan with a few generals to find jade, but a pedestrian that day, and saw over and over stones, There is none jade. When a pedestrian intends to go home when the god appeared Yushan, and that without permission, and anyone can find jade.
　　Yan Zheng passing out rice season Dagangshan soldiers camped, and went temple to worship, pray to see again soon have three treasures. Zheng night around the dream of the Buddha with his play, and pointing hidden treasures Office said: "barn located at the back of the rock, left a thousand axes, there are people the right fire." And then grant the use of fire ax, asked: "The output of rice only in the food, and according to the number taken from, not to take on more."
　　Omen
　　Tsaotun Township, Nantou County
　　Keelung City and Seas
　　Jian Wang Shi temple guarding the Taiwan Strait landing, the door to remain solid history of heroic drive deer ear load graph. - Town Gate Palace Luerhmen
　　Founding German gas industry life Zhong Shan Zhuang, Xun name Thousand Years the world the spirit of ASE. - Changhua chutang day open house
　　Song: Zheng Chenggong
　　Lyrics: after the string
　　A history full of heroic elements of a full history of the Biographies of heroic biography of pop elements. Deep inspirational sentiment smooth one, the chorus part of the "Mother of the hands of the line, sewing a few hundred years," the poignant and add excitement, so that everyone can not help moving.
　　Night, from tomb by Zheng Chenggong, told him the history of pen and paper, all waiting for everyone to write their own ... ...
　　Kai Embroidery thin outside of history moss
　　Who left the white page yesterday dipped to dominate Mexico
　　Throughput over the surging sea
　　Do aside historical sea
　　Tomb by rolling
　　Line of mother's hands
　　Even if the dream in his sixtieth round
　　Rap:
　　Close to the exact answer to the national spirit
　　Heroes reborn in the middle of the night
　　Tears never be documented
　　Eight Immortals had sworn blood
　　Put up your age
　　Zheng Chenggong as in the past
　　Do not miss the moon and new moon on
　　I am writing a blank page
　　The shore
　　Rhetoric which obscures vision
　　Wind off the body of a compromise
　　Zheng Chenggong life's greatest achievement is the recovery of Taiwan, and large-scale expulsion of Dutch invaders development of Taiwan. Yongli 15 years (AD 1662) Gan three days in December, led his army three thousand people, most of Quanzhou, the Dutch invaders away from China, Taiwan and Taiwan. Zheng Chenggong realized he recovered Taiwan and the development of Taiwan's ambitions. At that time poem "open Jingzhen by He Yi, ten years before the first base to overcome. Tian Heng There are 3000 visitors, mushrooms bitter relations between the bear to leave." Recover Taiwan, he visited four community to understand their needs and social circumstances, On that bleak island of Taiwan, the implementation of "combine Military agriculture" in law, settlement wasteland, "training in order to force farmers gap is something that the police are Hege to war, no police came to farming is negative." At that time, Taiwan's new land environment is very poor, malaria Li epidemic, "seven or eight of ten patients, the deceased Quito," and even a few of feet python infestation, land clearing tasks are very arduous, the new rate of Zheng Chenggong all officers and soldiers, and actively develop , while taking various measures to step up consolidation of Taiwan's coastal defense, holding the fort from the Dutch invaders "Revenge", weight accounted for Taiwan. Zheng Chenggong led his army through the clutter and blood and sweat, difficult undertaking. As the decade campaign, galloping battle, overwork, in Yongli 16 years (AD 1662) died on eighth day of the lunar month in Taiwan, at the age of 30, nine, burial in Taiwan, Tainan, wei. After 30 years, the Sun Ke-Shuang surrendering after eight years in Kangxi 30 (AD 1699) on May 22 Mao Shi Nan moved coffin burial site in the county, pat buried in ancestral Ying Zheng Kang chomchon's, along with transfer Also buried in the coffin of his son Zheng Jing. In addition to severance under Emperor Kangxi was imperial soldiers pallbearer, but also give a pair of elegiac couplets, Japan: "Four more Janus-faced two-island town of Tuen Southeast Division dare dispute banbishan; kings defend the corner without known anti-Zhi Fang Zhong overseas alone." Later also sent care Misasakimori Tomb Guards. At the same time re-interment in the ancestral Ying Yue Zheng Zhi Vegetarian There is also his father, his mother and his wife's tomb, moved to re-establish after the tomb tombstone.
　　In 1929, Zheng Ling stolen, immediately save the stone epitaph of two, one for Zheng Jing in 1674 when they returned home repair graves established (the Mount of Olives Epitaph). Ke-Shuang when the other is the re-interment of the "ancestral tomb of Zheng Wen return Epitaph." Zheng Chenggong coffin coffin outline with two inside the first layer of fresh red paint Ze, coffin filled with mercury, bones intact, remove the helmet 1, a robe, waist circumference, jade Xiang Yu 17, each pair of footwear , there is a hair and other precious relics, from Nan Zheng Chenggong Memorial Collection Ishii.
　　Family genealogy records, according to Zheng Zheng Chenggong
　　Zheng Zhi five child health
　　Zheng Jing, Zheng Cong, Paul, Zheng Rui, Zheng Zhi, Zheng W, Cheng Yu, Cheng Wen-Cheng soft, Cheng Fat
　　Ke-Shuang Health and three sons

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