南明  (1608年～1646年5月23日)

网笔号：	闵王
庙号：	潞王
开端 终结 在位 1645年 1645年 

　　朱常淓（1608年－1646年5月23日），明神宗（朱翊钧）的侄儿，父朱翊镠、母杨次妃。万历四十六年（1618年）闰四月袭封潞王。隆武帝追谥曰闵王。
　　
　　父亲死时朱常淓才6岁，由李正妃处理藩国政事；朱常淓在绘画、音律、书法方面的造诣都不错，也懂得制作琴，制作的琴称为“潞琴”。
　　
　　崇祯十七年二月二日，闯军刘芳亮攻占怀庆府（今沁阳）。即东进河南省卫辉，潞王府危在旦夕。二月十九日朱常淓决定弃城出逃。先逃到无锡、南京再到杭州。 弘光元年（1645年）五月下旬，弘光帝被俘的消息传到杭州，于是马士英、阮大铖、朱大典、袁宏勋、张秉贞、何纶等商量请当时在杭州的朱常淓监国，六月初七日（1645年6月30日），邹太后（朱由崧嫡母）命朱常淓监国，懿旨曰：“尔亲为叔父，贤冠诸藩。昔宣庙东征，襄、郑监国，祖宪俱在，今可遵行。”初八日（7月1日）称监国于杭州，次日，黄道周建议朱常淓在十日内即位称帝，但朱常淓却根据马士英的意见派陈洪范作为监国潞王的代表与清军和谈。十一日（7月4日）清军逼近杭州，马士英、阮大铖、朱大典等均各自逃命，而陈洪范回到杭州与张秉贞等劝潞王投降。十四日（7月7日）降清城失。之后与朱由崧等诸藩王以及弘光朝廷的一些被俘官员一起被送至北京。翌年四月初九日（1646年5月23日）与朱由崧等九王俱被杀，罪曰：“谋不轨”（即谋拥立朱常淓造反）。

　　When his father died only six years old Fung Chao Chang Zhu, Li Zheng Fei handling fan in the country by the conduct of public affairs; Zhu Chang Fung Chao in the painting, the temperament and calligraphy skills are good aspects, but also know how to make piano, making the piano called "Lu Qin."
　　Chongzhen 17 years on February 2, Chuang Jun Liu Fangliang captured Huaiqing House (now Qinyang). The east of Henan Hui, Lu palace at stake. February 19 decision to abandon the city fled Zhu Chang Fung Chao. First fled to Wuxi, Nanjing and then to Hangzhou. Hiromitsu first year (1645) in late May, news reached Hangzhou Hongguang Di captured, so MA Shi-ying, CULTURE AND EDUCATION, Zhu Dadian, Yuanhong Xun, Zhang Bingzhen, Ho Lun, etc. Please consult Chu, were often in Hangzhou Fung Chao supervise the country, early in June on the 7th (June 30, 1645), Zou Empress (Zhu from the Song Di Mu) Zhu Chang Fung Chao supervise the country life, Yi Zhi said: "Er-pro for the uncle, Yin Guan Zhu-fan. Xi Xuan Temple Eastern Campaign, Xiang, Zheng monitoring country, ancestral constitution are there, and this can be complied with. "Early on the 8th (July 1) that supervise the country, in Hangzhou, the next day, Huang Tao Zhu Chang Fung Chao Zhou proposed the throne in 10 days, became the emperor, but was under the MA Shi-ying Chu Chang Fung Chao Chen Hongfan comments sent representatives as supervise the country, Lu Wang and Qing peace talks. On the 11th (July 4th) approaching Hangzhou Qing, MA Shi-ying, CULTURE AND EDUCATION, Zhu Dadian Dengjun their escape, and Hangzhou, Chen Hongfan Back to persuade Lu Wang and Zhang Bingzhen such surrender. On the 14th (July 7) surrendering the city lost. Song and Zhu after the other by the Military Governors and Hiromitsu various court officials, along with some captured was sent to Beijing. The following year early in April on the 9th (May 23, 1646) and Zhu Song, etc. from the king of all nine were killed, the crime said: "seek evil designs" (ie, seeking backers, Zhu Chang Fung Chao rebellion).