| 网笔号： | 達天闡道敦孝篤友章文襄武靖穆莊勤悊皇帝 | |||||||||
| 庙号： | 熹宗 | |||||||||
| 陵墓： | 德陵 | |||||||||
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泰昌元年（公元1620年），父親光宗在位僅29天便因紅丸案而暴斃，於是由校繼任。即位，升任皇太孫時代即結識的魏忠賢為司禮秉筆太監，而原為市井無賴的魏忠賢與由校乳母客巴巴沆瀣一氣、狼狽為姦。
泰昌元年、天啓元年（1620年），明熹宗由校繼位，撫養皇帝的李選侍和魏忠賢利用皇帝年幼把持朝政，左光、楊漣等反對，不讓李選侍與皇帝同住，迫使她移居他處，是為移宮案。
由校有木匠天份，亦瀋迷於刀鋸斧鑿油漆的工作，史載“又好油漆，凡手用器具，皆自為之。性又急躁，有所為，朝起夕即期成。成而喜，不久而棄；棄而又成，不厭倦也。且不愛成器，不惜改毀，唯快一時之意。”“朝夕營造”，“每營造得意，即膳飲可忘，寒暑罔覺”。劉若愚《酌中志》“又極好作水戲，用大木桶大銅缸之類，鑿孔創機，啓閉灌輸，或涌瀉如噴珠，或澌流如瀑，或使伏機於下，水力衝擁園木球如核桃大者，於水涌之，大小盤旋宛轉，隨高隨下，久而不墮，視為嬉笑，皆出人意。”。他曾親自在庭院中造一座小宮殿，形式仿乾清宮，高不過三四尺，卻麯微妙，巧奪天工。魏忠賢總是乘他木工做得全神貫註時，拿重要的奏章去請他批閱，熹宗隨口說：“朕已悉矣！汝輩好為之。”魏忠賢遂逐漸專權，誣陷忠良，致使朝政敗壞。同時期，女真人努爾哈赤則起於白山黑水之間，乘機攻占瀋陽，聲勢日隆。
天啓六年（1626年）北京生“王恭大爆炸”，死傷2萬人，原因不明。
天啓七年（1627年）由校不慎落水病重，霍維華獻“靈露飲”，以五穀蒸餾而成，清甜可口，但幾個月病情加劇，渾身浮腫，八月十一日，召見信王由檢，即行駕崩，時年23歲，謚熹宗。熹宗無子，遺詔立五弟由檢為皇帝，即來的明思宗。
談遷認為“閹尹之禍，劇於熹廟，……疵德多矣”。
宰輔
* 葉高
* 劉一燝
* 瀋紘
* 韓爌
* 史繼偕
* 何宗彥
* 國祚
* 孫如遊
* 孫承宗
* 顧秉謙
* 國禎
* 延禧
* 魏微
* 周如磐
* 黃立極
* 丁紹軾
* 馮銓
* 施鳳來
* 張瑞圖
* 李國
名將
* 熊廷弼
* 孫承宗
太監
* 王安：司禮秉筆太監，勸帝行諸善政，為人剛直而疏，但善病，不能數見帝，因而魏忠賢始進。
* 魏忠賢：人稱九歲。
* 王干涉：忠賢一。
* 李永貞：忠賢一。
* 文輔：忠賢一。
* 李朝欽
* 劉若愚
* 崔文升：鄭貴妃宮中內侍。
妻
* 懿安皇后張嫣
* 裕妃張氏，天啓三年(1623年)五月册張氏為裕妃，以其秉心溫惠。
* 良妃王氏
* 慧妃范氏
* 成妃李氏
* 容妃任氏
* 純妃段氏
兄弟
1. 簡懷王由㰒
2. 齊思王由楫
3. 懷惠王由模
4. 湘懷王由栩
5. 思宗由檢
6. 惠昭王由橏
子
1. 懷衝太子慈燃，生母不詳，早夭
2. 悼懷太子慈焴，母皇貴妃范氏，早夭
3. 獻懷太子慈炅，母容妃任氏，早夭
女
1. 永寧公主 淑媖（一說“淑嫫”），天啓三年十二月十五日薨，葬金山之原，追册
2. 懷寧公主 淑娥，天啓四年十二月二十日薨，葬金山之原，追册
3. 三公主，早薨。
Zhu talented carpenter by the school have also indulged in painting knife saws chisels work history contains "good and paint, where the hand apparatus, all from whom. Impatient of it, there is, the DPRK from the spot into the evening. Into and joy, but soon abandoned; abandoned but become, not tired also. and do not love synthesizers, destroyed at reform, the only moment of meaning rapidly. "" day and night to create "," proud of every building, that diet drink to forget, summer and winter feel a monopoly of wisdom. " James JY Liu, "discretion in the blog" "Also excellent for water play, with a large wooden barrel like the big Tong Gang, perforated record machine, hoist indoctrination, or Chung diarrhea, such as spray beads, or exhaust flow like a waterfall, or to V machine in Under the park owned by hydraulic, such as walnut wood ball great person, in the Bay of the water, circled Wanzhuan size, with high as under the old rather than falling, as a laugh, are surprising. ". He has personally made in the courtyard and a small palace, the form of imitation Palace of Heavenly Purity, but three-four feet high, but twists and turns subtle and Superb. Wei Zhongxian always preoccupied by the time he was doing carpentry, take an important memorial to ask him to critique, Tianqi Emperor casually said: "Zhen Yi learned now! Rubei whom good." Wei Zhongxian for the gradual exercise of power, framing good people, resulting in corrupt affairs of state. The same period, from the mountains Jurchen Nurhachi is between opportunity captured Shenyang, momentum grown.
Apocalypse seven years (1627) by the school accidentally fell into the water ill Zhu, Huo Weihua offering "spiritual dew drink," made by distilling grain, sweet and delicious, but a few months later exacerbations, whole body edema, August 11 , summoned by the prosecution of Wang Zhu letter, that line Jiabeng, when he was 23 years old, posthumous Tianqi Emperor. Tianqi Emperor had no sons, Yi Zhao Li 5 by the prosecution for the emperor Zhu Di, the later Ming Si cases.
* Leaves to high
* Han halogen
* Zhu Guozuo
* Gu Bingqian
* Micro-Wei Guang
* Ding Shao Shi
* Zhang Rui map
* Xiongting Bi
* Wang: Secretary Li Bing document eunuchs Quandi line Zhushan administration, and his straightforward and sparse, but good disease, not a few see the emperor, thus beginning Wei Zhongxian into.
* Li Yongzhen: Tadakata a party.
* James JY Liu
* Yi-An Empress Zhang Yan
* Hui Fei Fan
* Pure Fei Duan
2. Qi Si Wang Zhu from the oar
5. Thinking of the Zhu by the prosecution
1. Huai Zhu Chong Chee Burning Prince, mother unknown, early death
Female
3. 3 Princess, early death of a prince.
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