籍貫: | 泰州白駒場 | |||||||||
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元末張士誠在蘇州稱帝是怎麽回事?
張士誠(1321年——1367年),元末明初的義軍領袖與地方割據勢力之一。元末泰州白駒場(今江蘇省大豐縣)人。
張士誠小名九四,出身為為運????工,由於不堪????官壓迫,1353年與其弟張士義、張士德、張士信與????販李伯升等十八人起兵反元,不久便攻下泰州、興化、高郵等江北重鎮,1354年建國號大周,自稱誠王,以天佑為年號。1355年張士誠繼續嚮南發展,攻入平江路(今蘇州市)並改平江路為隆平府。1357年元朝派兵攻打張士誠,張士誠由於面臨被元軍與方國珍夾擊的情況便投降元朝,被封為太尉。之後張士誠的勢力也不斷擴張,擁有北至徐州、南至紹興的割據實力,並且曾多次運糧至大都。之後張士誠自稱吳王,其弟張士信為丞相,用黃敬夫、蔡彥文、葉德新三人為參軍,但是之後張士誠的勢力並沒有繼續擴大。
1363年,張士誠派呂珍攻打安豐的紅巾軍,並且殺害紅巾軍的劉福通;但是張士誠也與朱元璋的勢力不斷交戰。朱元璋以“先取通泰諸郡縣,剪士誠肘翼,然後專取浙西”(《明太祖實錄》捲十八)的方式一步步削弱張士誠;在朱元璋討滅陳友諒之後,朱元璋於1366年開始對張士誠的勢力進攻,並且於1367年包圍張士誠所居的平江;平江城被攻破後張士誠被俘,之後被押解至金陵(今南京)自縊而死。
目前蘇州市斜塘鎮有張士誠墓。
張士誠,小字九四,乃泰州人。他自年輕時代起,就做當地????場的幫閑記賬一類雜差,很能損公肥私,憑關係讓三個弟弟幹上操舟運????的營生,順便走私販????。這性質與現在派出所所長讓親戚開歌舞廳按腳房一樣,不算什麽大惡,卻無職業“道德”可言。當然,????鐵在封建社會一直是國傢嚴管專賣産品。由此,利潤頗豐。手中有了錢,張士誠自然輕財好施,很似《水滸傳》中的“及時雨”宋江,頗得當地老百姓歡心。從人品上講,張士誠為人是元末群雄中數一數二的“好人”,不姦險,能容人,禮待讀書人,但亂世大偽,既然他沒有殺妻滅子的“氣魄”,根本就熬不到“最後勝利”的那一天。
由於張氏兄弟嚮壽州附近諸富人傢賣????期間多受凌侮,不少大戶還欠錢不給,加上????場一個保安(弓手)丘義沒事就辱駡張士誠,惹得張氏兄弟殺心頓起。恰值當時天下已亂,於是他們便於元順帝至正十三年(1353)年夏天,忽然起事。加上張士誠和他三個弟弟,以及一個名叫李伯升的好漢,當時一夥人一共纔十八位,起事時,他們並無遠大理想,衹是殺人泄憤而已。就這十來號人,先衝進????場保安室把弓手丘義亂刀剁死,然後遍滅周圍諸富傢,放火燒掉不少大宅院。由於當時????場工廠生活極其艱辛,苦大仇深,見有人帶頭挑事,紛紛報名加入,共推張士誠為主,百多人聚集一起,一下子就“攻剋”了泰州。接着,他又破興化,占領重鎮高郵。勝利如此容易,張士誠便自稱“誠王”,國號“大周”,開始過稱王稱帝的癮。
轉年,張士誠樹大招風,大元朝的丞相脫脫親自率百萬大軍來攻,把高郵團團圍住,當時的張士誠,叫天不靈,呼地不應,悔得腸子都青,連扇自己嘴巴怪自己招搖惹事。最慘的是,他想投降都不行,脫脫鐵定了心攻下高郵後要盡屠當地兵民,以在江南樹威示警。人算不如天算,脫脫遭朝中姦臣算計,元順帝一紙詔書把他就地解職押往吐蕃,半路毒酒賜死。至於那“百萬大軍”,一時星散,群竜無首,張士誠終能逃出生天,率一股人馬逃出高郵當流寇去也。
在天下大亂的“革命”形勢下,張士誠很快東山再起,並迅速占領了江南最富庶的常熟、平江兩個重鎮。平江即蘇州,糧倉,衣倉,錢倉,真正的大富之地。而後,張士誠勢力發展極為迅速,湖州、杭州、諸全(諸暨),紹興、宜興、常州、高郵、淮安、徐州、宿州、泗州以及朱皇帝的老傢濠州,全部被其所占領。劉福通如此勇武之人,也被張士誠手下大將呂珍包圍於安豐(壽縣),出戰時被殺。如果朱元璋不來救,連小明王韓林兒也會被張士誠軍隊活捉。
有一點要弄清,張士誠打韓福通,不是所謂的“起義軍”內訌,這兩個人根本不是一個派係。
江南群雄,分為兩大派係,即劉福通和徐壽輝的紅軍係,以及張士誠、方國珍的非紅軍係。紅軍係又分東西兩派,東派名義上以“小明王”韓林兒為其主,實由劉福通掌握,郭子興、朱元璋這一支其實就是東派紅軍係,在淮水流域四處闖蕩。西派紅軍包括徐壽輝、陳友諒以及日後割據四川的明玉珍,他們的活動地點主要是漢水流域。“紅軍”之間,平時互相爭得你死我活,所以,張士誠打劉福通(又是從開封被趕跑出來的敗寇),可稱是天經地義之事。而且,張士誠和元朝的關係也很好玩,起事當年他就受朝廷“招安”,還弄了個官做。但當元廷要他出兵去打濠州等地紅巾軍時,老張怕吃虧,推托不去,而是徑直占了高郵當起自封的王爺來。脫脫丞相大軍百萬來攻,張士誠差點就被抓住碎刀凌遲。時來運轉後,他改平江為隆平郡,開弘文館,招賢納士,提前幹起“賢德”帝王的營生。後來受苗軍楊完者部的打擊和朱元璋的擠兌,老張又接受元朝江浙行省右丞相達識帖木兒的“勸告”,再次投降元朝,當起大元的“太尉”來。扯虎皮做大旗,老張在幾年間據地兩千餘裏,北逾江淮,西至濠泗,東達至海,南連江浙,儼然江南一國。再往後,張士誠要當真王爺,元朝不答應,老張就自立為“吳王”,和元朝基本鬧翻,連糧食也不往大都運送了。
朱元璋、張士誠二人的衝突,源於至元十六年(1356年)。本來降附朱元璋的“黃包軍”(不是拉黃包車的,而是這些人以黃帕包頭)頭目陳保二忽然倒戈,逮捕朱元璋派來的將領,嚮張士誠投降。當時老朱正忙於西綫作戰,起先還不敢與張士誠鬧翻,派人送信一封,以“隗囂稱雄”的字眼奉承張士誠,希望兩傢“毋生邊釁”。張士誠左右不少文人,他自己也讀書,深恨朱元璋信中以“隗囂”比擬自己,如此,朱元璋就是“漢光武”劉秀了。就因這幾句話,張士誠把老朱的來使扣壓,不肯講和。
於是,朱元璋派大將徐達進攻常州,張士誠派弟弟張九六來援。徐達設伏,活捉了張九六,“(張)士誠陷郡縣,(張)九六力為多,既被擒,(張)士誠氣沮。”不久,華雲竜等將又在舊館大敗張士誠另外一個弟弟張士信。連敗之下,張士誠與朱元璋書信,表示願意送黃金五百兩,白銀三百斤以及糧食二十萬石,雙方講和。老朱得理不饒人,復信歷數其罪,要對方放人讓他。結果,和議不瞭瞭之。
圍了數日,朱元璋軍隊終於又奪回常州。徐達善戰,又順利攻剋常熟。正是在這種情況下,老張二次受元朝“招安”。
冤傢易結不易解。1358年春,朱元璋派大將廖永安、俞通海、桑世榮等人大張旗鼓去“討伐”張士誠,並派出鄧愈、李文忠、鬍大海等人從徽州顯嶺關攻取了張士誠的建德路。張士誠大惱,復遣兵反攻常州、常熟,均失敗而歸。
東邊損失西邊補,這年秋天,張士誠以計殺掉元朝的苗軍元帥楊完者。楊完者一部苗軍乃元政府為了平息江南叛亂從湖廣召來的少數民族部隊。這部苗軍燒殺搶掠,備極慘毒。在所有江南一帶打仗的軍隊中,“天完”政權紀律最好,其下依次是劉福通紅巾軍、張士誠軍、朱元璋軍、元朝政府軍、陳友諒軍,最差的就是楊完者的“苗軍”。所以元朝江南行省的達識帖木兒纔與張士誠暗中約定聯手做掉這個驕橫濫殺的“苗帥”。
張士誠殺楊完者,不僅是為民除害,為元除害,也是為朱元璋除害。殺掉楊完者,張士誠很快占據杭州和嘉興兩處要地,益無所憚,再不把元朝的官員達識帖木兒放在眼裏。
張士誠正在興頭上,派兵攻常州,被湯和擊敗,順便又丟了宜興。朱元璋手下水帥大將廖永安乘勝入太湖,深入追擊,反而被張士誠大將呂珍候個正着,生俘了廖永安。朱元璋想以俘獲的三千張士誠兵將換廖永安一個人,張士誠不答應,他提出要以廖永安換自己弟弟張九六(張士德),朱元璋又不答應。害怕張九六乘間逃出為其兄平添羽翼,老朱先下手宰了張九六。
1359年(元至正十九年),鬍大海、李文忠又攻下老張的重鎮諸暨州。張士誠遣將攻江陰,被守將吳良打得大敗而去。“(朱元璋)得江陰則(張)士誠舟師不敢溯大江,上金(州)、焦(州)。自是侵軼路絶。”
數敗之下,張士誠不甘心,1359年秋天,他仍舊派人攻常州,又敗;1360年派兵侵諸全,殺守將;又派大將呂珍入長興,也敗。1361年,朱元璋遣鬍大海進攻紹興,不剋而還。同年鼕天,張士誠大將李伯升率精兵十餘萬進攻長興,水陸並進,先勝後敗,最終遭朱元璋守將耿炳文和常遇春內外夾擊,狼狽而去。
否極也有小泰來。1362年(元至正二十二年),守金華的朱元璋大將鬍大海被屬將蔣英、劉震殺掉。蔣劉二人本是苗帥楊完者部下,張士誠殺楊完者,二人嚮朱元璋投降。鬍大海喜二人驍勇,置於麾下,待之不疑。二人日久思變,約定幾個苗將,準備起事。他們邀鬍大海到金華八詠樓觀射弩。老鬍很高興,如約而來,想視察將士操弩演兵。還未下馬,蔣英袖中突出鐵錘,把鬍大海腦袋擊碎,然後,又殺鬍大海兒子鬍關住及金華數位文武官員。起事後,幾個人心中也害怕,忙派人嚮張士誠投降,大掠金華而去。
趁亂,張士誠派其弟張大信和大將呂珍率十萬兵馬包圍諸全。結果,守將謝再興與朱元璋外甥朱文忠設計使呂珍分兵,又以炮銃等火器相攻,以少勝多,打得張士信倉皇逃走。
1363年,氣急敗壞的張士誠派大將呂珍集十萬大兵進圍安豐,殺掉了紅巾軍“革命領袖”劉福通。老劉辛苦數年,為老朱除殘去穢。張士誠殺劉福通,其實也是為朱皇帝做事前的“驅除”工作。由於名義上的“共主”韓林兒從安豐跑到滁州被呂珍追打,老朱不得不救,親率徐達、常遇春移大軍而來,終於擊走呂珍。當是時也,險過剃頭,如果西面的陳友諒傾國順流直下建康,老朱玩完矣。
朱元璋正擦冷汗,忽然傳來一個大壞消息:諸全守將謝再興(朱元璋親侄朱文正的嶽父)叛降於張士誠。
謝再興之叛,緣自老朱待人太苛:老謝為了賺錢,暗中不時派軍士私攜銀兩往張士誠所占據的杭州買東西,帶回來低買高賣。朱元璋怒,嚴責謝再興,並下令召他回金陵,以他將替代其職務。此外,謝再興二女兒在建康,老朱不打招呼,擅自將她許配給大將徐達,有如分配軍需品,也惹得老謝惱怒。(日後謝再興女婿朱文正不明不白而死,也可能是朱元璋恨和尚憎及袈裟而致)。謝再興深知老朱殺人不眨眼,惶懼之下,殺掉知州欒鳳,率諸全守軍赴紹興嚮張士誠投降,不久便率更改服色的“吳”軍攻擊東陽。幸虧李文忠聞亂後從嚴州急馳趕到,諸全方面纔沒出大漏子。
這時,老朱正在前綫指揮軍隊與陳友諒幹仗,無暇東顧。1364年(元至正二十四年)秋,張士誠逼元朝江浙行省長官達識帖木兒自殺(前一年九月他已經自稱“吳王”),基本上獨立,不過年號仍用元朝的“至正”。
江浙富庶地,竟成溫柔鄉。蘇杭的張士誠部伍很快就從上至下腐化得一塌糊塗。方圓兩千餘裏,甲士數十萬,又據天下富庶勝地,老張不得不感覺良好。特別是其弟張九六(士德)在時,已經延緻了不少著名文士,諸如高啓、楊基、陳基、張羽、楊維楨等人,終夕飲樂於幕府之中,唱和往來。張士誠和張士信也一樣,喜歡招延賓客,又嚮這些文人墨客們大贈輿馬、居室、文房精品,遠近潦倒的文人雅士,一時爭相趨之。
張士誠為人,“外遲重寡言,似有器量,而實無遠圖”,其實是個見好就收的厚道人。“(張士誠)既據有吳中,吳(地)承平久,戶口殷盛,漸驕縱,怠於政事。”其弟張士信和其女婿潘元紹特別喜歡聚斂,“金玉珍寶及古法書名畫,無不充溢。日夜歌舞自娛”。
窮人乍富,也不是多麽反常。可怕的是,張士誠手下軍將也腐化至極,“每有攻戰,輒稱疾,邀官爵田宅然後起。(將帥)甫至軍,所載婢妾樂器踵相接不絶,或大會遊談之士,樗蒲蹴鞠,皆不以軍務為意。及至喪師失地還,(張)士誠概置不問,已而復用為將。上下嬉娛,以至於亡。”
相比之下,老朱兢兢業業,朝夕不寐,逮誰殺誰,從嚴治軍,連他自己都說:“我無一事不經心,尚被人欺。張九四(士誠)終歲不出門理事,豈有不敗者乎!”
從前陳友諒要張士誠一起夾擊朱元璋,老張不出手。現在,老陳已敗亡,張士誠反倒來了精神。1365年(元順帝至正二十五年)春,他派大將李伯升與朱元璋叛將謝再興一起,率馬步舟師二十餘萬,跨逾浦江,包圍諸全之新城,造廬室,建倉庫,預置州縣官屬,大作持久必拔之計。結果,朱元璋外甥李文忠與大將朱亮祖等人以少勝多,把東吳軍殺得丟盔卸甲,李伯升等人僅以身免。
朱元璋指揮若定,麾兵又剋泰州,數月後又擊下張士誠的發傢之地高郵。
1366年(元順帝至正二十六年),徐達與常遇春會師攻淮安,剋興化,“淮地皆平”。五月份,又攻下於老朱來講最有象徵意義的“竜興之地”濠州老傢。
老朱親自至濠州,“省陵墓,宴父老”。宴父老是真,省陵墓嗎,純屬瞎掰。他一傢皆葬亂墳崗,席爛土淺,“竜鳳”之屍早已被野狗吞食,哪裏還找得到。
大好形式下,朱元璋集團內部仍不少人高估張士誠勢力,文臣之首的李善長就表示:“(張士誠)其勢雖屢屈,而兵力未衰,土沃民富,多多積蓄,恐難猝拔。”
武將徐達深諳主子意圖,進言曰:“張氏驕橫,暴殄奢侈,此天亡之時也,其所任驕將如李伯升、呂珍之徒,皆齷齪不足數,惟擁兵將為富貴之娛耳。居中用事者,迂闊書生,不知大計。臣奉主上威德,率精銳之師,聲罪緻討,三吳可計日而定!”
老朱大喜,立命徐達出師。
1366年9月,朱元璋以徐達為大將軍,常遇春為副將軍,率二十萬精兵,集中主力消滅張士誠。老朱多計,命二將不要先攻蘇州,反而直擊湖州,“使其疲於奔命,羽翼既疲,然後移兵姑蘇,取之必矣!”有如此偉大戰略傢,不勝也難。
二將依計,徐達等率諸將發竜江,別遣李文忠趨杭州,華雲竜赴嘉興,以牽製張士誠兵力。諸將苦戰。在湖州周圍,東吳兵大敗,大將呂珍及外號“五太子”的張士誠養子等驍勇大將皆兵敗投降,其屬下六萬精兵皆降。湖州城中的張士誠“司空”李伯升本想自殺“殉國”,為左右抱持不死,不得已也投降。
到了年底,在朱亮祖大軍逼迫下,杭州守將謝五(叛將謝再興之弟)也被迫開城門投降。如此,東吳左右膀臂皆失,平江(蘇州)成為孤城,面臨南西北三面被圍之勢。
平江城堅,一直打了十個月,纔最終攻剋。
在派軍出發打張士誠的同時,朱元璋派大將廖永忠“迎接”小明王,行於瓜州時,廖永忠入艙把韓林兒一刀砍死。然後把船鑿沉,施施然回來復命。從此以後,朱元璋再也用不着打“竜鳳”年號。殺韓林兒之事,當時後世不少人皆認定是朱元璋指使,但也有歷史研究者認為此舉實是廖永忠多事,醜表功媚主。朱元璋大可封韓林兒一個王號什麽的軟禁般養起來,用不着幹這麽“此地無銀三百兩”的小人事體。當時老朱算厚道,沒有像司馬氏對成濟那樣“嫁禍”於他,但估計他心中很是鄙薄廖永忠的為人。
1367年,元至正二十七年,太祖吳元年,見圍城三月不下,朱元璋也不着急,從建康發來“最高指示”:“將在外,君不禦,古之道也。自後軍中緩急,將軍便宜行之。”
徐達接書感奮,更加細心和賣命。
朱元璋見張士誠龜縮平江,志在必得,但也怕攻城死人太多。他原本之意就是圍之睏之,讓老張最終不支出城投降。同時,老朱不斷派人送書城內,以錢繆、竇融相比擬,勸老張自動歸服。張士誠倔強,不報。
延至七月,張士誠見城中糧餘漸盡,他又是厚道好人,幹不出殺人為食的惡事,便率綽號“十條竜”的上萬親軍冒險突圍。出城後,望見城左西吳兵隊陣嚴整,心虛不敢犯,便轉至舟門,嚮常遇春營壘殺來。這下可是遇到了煞星,常遇春有勇有謀,百戰良將,揮兵直前,與東吳兵激烈廝殺。同時,他又指揮善舞雙刀的猛將王弼從另路繞出,夾擊東吳兵,把張士誠萬餘扈衛精兵皆擠逼於沙盆潭中,殺掉十分之三,溺死十分之七,張士誠本人馬驚墮水,幾乎被淹死。親兵冒死把他救起,以肩輿扛上,復逃回城中。
過了十來天,緩過勁來,張士誠咬咬牙,又親自率兵從胥門突出。出於玩命心理,張士誠軍勇銳不可當,打得正面攔擊的常遇春部招架不住。如此天緻良機,本來能突圍,站在城頭上的張士誠弟弟張士信不知是壞了哪根神經,大呼:“軍士打纍了,可以歇兵”,馬上鳴金收兵。
張士誠等人愣怔之餘,常遇春復振,掉頭進擊,把東吳兵打得大敗,“自是(張)士誠不敢復出”。
形勢危急如此,張士信這個倒黴蛋絲毫不知愁,總是沒事人一樣大城樓子上張盛宴,遍擺銀椅,與親信左右飲美酒,食佳餚。風度是大將的,計策是無腦的。僕從嚮他進獻一個大水蜜桃,張士信欣賞久之,剛張嘴要吃,忽然城下發巨炮,恰恰打中張士信,這位爺腦袋被擊爛,與桃汁一起四濺飛迸。
兵敗弟死,張士誠仍舊很頑強,指揮城中兵民抵抗,殺傷不少西吳兵馬。十月間,徐達展開總攻,百道攻城,東吳軍終於不支,城陷。
張士誠在府邸中聞城潰,對其妻劉氏說:“我兵敗且死,你怎麽辦?”
劉氏良德婦人,冷靜答道:“君勿憂,妾必不負君。”言畢,她懷抱兩個幼子,在齊雲樓下積柴薪,與張士誠諸妾登樓,自縊前令人縱火焚樓。
時值日暮。大英雄張士誠真是日暮途窮,獨自呆坐室中良久,望着齊雲樓的大火若有所思。然後,他投帶上梁,準備上吊自殺。張士誠舊將李伯升受徐達諭指,到處尋找張士誠,剛好發現前主人在半空蹬腿,忙上前解救下來,號哭勸道:“九四英雄,還怕不保一命嗎!”
徐達立即押張士誠上船,由水路送往建康。其間,張士誠一直堅臥舟中絶食。
被押送建康中書省後,朱元璋派李善長“勸降”,張士誠大駡,兩個人幾乎動手。
當夜,趁人不備,張士誠終於上吊自殺。昔日擁強兵占勝利時,張士誠內懷懦弱,坐失良機;當其被俘為虜時,辭無撓屈,絶粒自經,也不失為一大丈夫。
對於吳地人民來說,張士誠為人寬厚多仁,賦稅輕斂,因此吳人對他頗多懷戀。至於明人書中對他的多種指斥,均屬狂狗吠人之辭,多不屬實。張氏屬下貪縱,但並不殘暴,也沒濫殺人,加之吳地殷富,即使東吳官員愛錢,也不是颳地三尺那種貪殘。反觀朱元璋,恨吳人為張士誠所用,他取大地主瀋萬三傢的租薄為依據,格外加賦,高達每畝實糧七鬥五升,並且以數年時間把吳地的中小地主基本消滅幹淨。明朝人貝清江記載說:“三吳巨姓……數年之中,既貧或覆,或死或徙,無一存者。”
蘇州當地人一直很懷念昔日張士誠輕徭薄賦的仁德,每年陰歷七月三十日為張士誠燒香,托名為地藏菩薩燒香,實際上是燒“九四香”(張士誠原名張九四)。
Shi-Cheng Zhang (1321 years - 1367), Yuan and Ming's volunteer army of the separatist forces and local leaders. Late Yuan Taizhou baiju Field (now in Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province) people.
Currently there are Shicheng Town Suzhou oblique tomb.
In turn, Shicheng tree attracts the wind, large prime minister Tuotuo Yuan rate of 1 million person army to attack, the Gaoyou surrounded, then Shicheng, called the day not working, call in should not be, repent too intestines are blue, with strange fan itself in the face his swagger to stir up trouble. The worst is that he wants to surrender will not work, Tuotuo would definitely capture the heart to do after Gaoyou local soldiers slaughtered the people, to the south tree Wei warning. Unexpected outbreak of Tuotuo calculated by the DPRK and a traitor, Yuan Shun, who favored a paper decree dismissed marched his place in Tibetan and Prince in halfway poisoned wine. As for the "million army", a time were scattered, decapitated, Shicheng finally able to escape, the rate surge troops to escape and go Gaoyou when roving bandits.
South of the pack, divided into two factions, namely, Fu-Tung and Xu Shouhui the Red Army lines, and Shi-Cheng Zhang, Fang Guozhen's non-Red system. Red line is divided into East and West factions, East School name to "Little Wisdom King" Han Lin children for their owners, real control by the Fu-Tong, Guo Zixing, this one is actually the emperor sent the Red Army Department of the East, in the battles around Huaishui basin. West sent the Red Army, including Xu Shouhui, Chen Youliang and the future separatist Sichuan Ming Yuzhen, their activities are mainly Han River basin sites. "Red Army" between life and death usually win each other, so Shicheng play Fu-Tung (also from Kaifeng were sent packing out of the turned-enemies), can be said is right and proper things. Moreover, the relationship between the Yuan Shi-Cheng Zhang, and very fun, uprising by the court when he was on "amnesty", also broke a government to do. But when he sent troops to fight Yuan Ting Hao Zhou and other places red scarves, the embittered and afraid of disadvantage, avoiding the need to go, but straight from the account when the self-styled Royal Highness Gaoyou to. Tuotuo force millions to attack the prime minister, Shi-Cheng Zhang was caught on the broken knife almost cut in pieces. Luck has turned, he changed for the Long Heguri Pingjiang, open Hirofumi Museum, Careers, early and began to "virtuous" King of captivity. Miao Jun Yang was completed by the Department of the attack and those who run on the emperor, Lao Zhang Yuan in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province has the right to accept the prime minister up to know Timur's "advice", once again surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty, when the large-yuan, "Qiu" to. Pull tiger to do banner, Old Chang in a few years, according to more than two thousand years, the North over Huaihe, Ho Si-west, east to the sea, south Jiangsu and Zhejiang, as if a country's south. Later on, Zhang Shicheng to really princes, Yuan refused, Old Chang on self-reliance as a "king", and Yuan basic falling out, even to the most food is not delivered.
Around for a few days, the military finally regained the emperor Changzhou. Xu Dashan war, has successfully overcome Changshu. It is in this case, embittered by the Yuan Dynasty, the second "amnesty."
Shi-Cheng Zhang Yang End who kill not only the people from harm, as per pesticides, but also for the emperor pesticides. Yang finished those killed, Shi-Cheng Zhang Jiaxing, Hangzhou and two soon to be occupied, the benefit nothing fear, fail to reach consensus Timur Yuan officials paid no attention.
Number of failure under Shicheng reconciled, the fall of 1359, he still sent Changzhou attack, but also lost; 1360 troops invaded all full, kill Morimasa; also sent into the general Changxing Lu Zhen, also lost. In 1361, the emperor laid off offensive Shaoxing Hu DH, but also her inability. In the same year the winter, Shicheng Rip general rates by more than ten thousand elite troops attack Changxing, land and water in hand, the first defeat after winning the final by the emperor Wu Jiang Gengbing Wen and Chang Yuchun pincer attack from both inside and outside, embarrassed away.
In 1363, angrily's general Lu Zhen Zhang Shicheng sent thousands of soldiers into the Circuit, set Fung, kill the red scarves "revolutionary leader" Fu-Tung. Lao Liu hard for several years, except for the Lao Zhu residue to foul. Shicheng kill Fu-Tung, actually work for the emperor, Zhu before the "drive away" work. As the name of the "Castles" Han Lin Feng-run child Congan Chuzhou is chasing Jane Lu, Lao Zhu had to save, personally led Xu Da, regular book shift troops from, and finally blow away Lu Zhen. When is when, insurance had their heads shaved, if the dumping of the country west of the Chen Youliang downstream straight down to our health, Lao Zhu comes to an end carry on.
At this time, Lao Zhu is the front-line battle command the army and Chen Youliang dry, Gu Eastern time. 1364 (yuan to positive 20 years), in autumn, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces Executive Yuan Zhang Shicheng force reached consensus Timur suicide (the previous year in September he has called himself "king"), essentially independent, but still used the Mongol reign The "to positive."
Poor Zhafu, nor how unusual. Frightening is that corruption is also extremely Shicheng hands Army, "each with all words, Zhe Chen Ji, and invited to official post from the fields and houses. (Generals) just to the military, musical instruments heel phase contained Biqie not be extinguished, or the General Assembly You talk about people in, accompanied the Po Cuju, neither to military affairs as intended. up funeral division lost also, (Chang) nanorods by hydrothermal method takes home do not ask, has been used as will be undone. up and down play entertaining, so dead. "
The emperor commanded set, Hui Bing another Ketai state, under attack for several months after the land of Shi-Cheng Zhang's fortune Gaoyou.
Good form, the emperor is still a lot of people overestimate the internal Shicheng forces, the head of the Shan-long civil officials, said: "(Zhang Shicheng) times, it still bend their potential, while the troops did not decline, fertile soil rich people, lots of savings, converting sudden pull. "
September 1366, the emperor to General Xu Da larger, regular book as deputy general, rates of 200,000 troops, concentrating our efforts in eradication of Shicheng. Lao Zhu multi-meter, ordered two will not first strike in Suzhou, but Watch Huzhou, "so exhausted and tired both wings, and then move soldiers Suzhou, will be taken from now!" Has such a great strategist, and numerous also be difficult.
Jian Ping River City, has been playing for ten months, was finally captured.
Xu Da then moved and inspired the book, more carefully, and their lives.
Over a ten-day, back to life, Shicheng the wound himself shuaibing from Xumen outstanding. Out of your life psychological, Shi-Cheng Zhang Yong unstoppable army, played a positive intercepting the regular book department Zhaojiabuzhu. To this day opportunity, would have to break out, standing at the head of Shicheng brother Zhang Shixin city is bad I do not know what nerve, shouted: "sergeant played tired, you can rest soldiers" and immediately withdraw troops Ming Jin.
Defeated brother died, Zhang Shicheng still very tough, commanding the people to resist the city soldiers, many of the Western anti-Wu troops and horses. October, Da-launch the general offensive, 100 Siege, Soochow military finally why he did not, the city stuck.
A time when nightfall. Really great hero Shicheng sunset way poor, sat alone in the room for a long time, looking at the fire thoughtfully Qi Guoyunlou. He then cast onto beams, ready to hang themselves. Shi-Cheng Zhang Jiu Jiang Bo-l refer encyclical by Xu Da, around to look Shicheng, just found the former owner in mid-air kick, hurried up to save down, bawl advised: "The 94 heroes, a life insurance you are not afraid!"
That night, while people were unaware, Shicheng finally hanged himself. Once owned by strengthening the armed forces accounted for the victory, the Shicheng cowardly tactic, a lost opportunity; when it captured the prisoner, the words torsion bend, never grain from the classics, it would have been a real man.