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生平
北魏王朝政治极度腐朽黑暗,民变越发激烈,此起彼伏。侯景是葛荣起义军的将领。
经过河阴之变,尔朱荣掌握了政权,他开始对各地的反抗力量进行争剿。此时侯景率领自己的部队投靠了尔朱荣,被尔朱荣任命为先锋。公元528年8月,尔朱荣与葛荣在滏口展开大战,侯景俘虏葛荣,起义被镇压。侯景因功升为定州刺史。
高欢消灭了尔朱家族,侯景依靠原来与高欢同是怀朔镇的镇兵,又都参加过六镇起义的旧谊,率众投降高欢。高欢重用侯景,封他为司徒,仍兼定州刺史,拥兵十万,统治河南地区。侯景对待士兵非常严苛残酷,立下不少战功。高欢虽然看出侯景的为人,但他深知此时强敌宇文泰在侧,正是用人之际,所以他没有限制侯景的势力。高欢临终前特别嘱咐儿子高澄要小心侯景。而侯景压根没有把高澄放在眼里,高澄上台后,他立刻叛变。
侯景一开始想获得宇文泰的支持,但宇文泰对他心怀戒备。不得已,梁武帝太清元年(547年)他率部投降南梁。由于梁武帝希望借侯景的力量北伐成功,所以接受了他的投降,给他很高待遇。高澄派大将慕容绍宗进攻侯景,南梁派贞阳侯萧渊明支援,结果大败,萧渊明被俘。
正在此时,东魏提出和解。侯景感到恐慌。梁武帝却没有意识到这一点,他继续与东魏进行谈判。侯景假冒高澄写了一封信,提出以萧渊明交换侯景,梁武帝接受。侯景大怒,他意识到唯一的一条路就是叛变。于是,侯景立宗室萧正德为南梁帝,改元正平。南梁太清三年(549年)攻破建康(南京),梁武帝萧衍被困饿死,侯景又立太子萧纲为皇帝,侯景自封为大都督,迫使美貌的溧阳公主嫁给他为妻。台城在久围之下,粮食断绝,疫疾大起,死者十之八九。侯景进入建康后,“悉驱城市文武,僳身而出”,“交兵杀之,死者三千人”,又“纵兵杀掠,交尸塞路”(《南史‧侯景传》)。侯景其后陆续派军在三吴地区大肆烧杀抢掠。551年,废萧纲,再立豫章王萧栋为帝,改元天正。同年,再命萧栋禅让,侯景登极为帝,国号汉,改元太始。
552年,侯景被陈霸先、王僧辩所击败。侯景企图逃亡,被部下所杀。他的叛乱给长江下游地区造成巨大破坏,使南朝士族遭到毁灭性打击。六朝古都建康“千里烟绝,人迹罕见,白骨成聚,如丘陇焉”(《南史·侯景传》)。 刘禹锡有〈乌衣巷〉诗:“旧时王谢堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家”。据颜之推《观我生赋》自注:“中原冠带,随晋渡江者百家,故江东有《百谱》;至是,在都者覆灭略尽。”
特点
侯景先投尔朱荣,后加入高欢帐下,高欢死后又叛变投靠南梁,不久又叛变南梁自立为帝。他的一生可以说就是在叛乱中度过,是历史上反复无常型人物的代表。
侯景投奔梁武帝时,曾向王、谢门第求婚,结果被拒绝。侯景愤恨的说:“什么门第?我叫他们做我的家奴。”结果后来侯景攻入建康,王、谢门第受到的凌辱最惨,两个显赫一时的门第世家深受打击。
Gao Huan eliminated Giurgiu family, Hou Jing and Gao Huan had to rely on the trips with the town of Moon Township soldiers, they have participated in the uprising of the old towns in friendship, leading his men to surrender Gao Huan. Gao Huan reuse Hou Jing, Feng He Szeto, still and will prefectural governor, squads of 100 000, Henan province rule. Hou Jing very harsh cruel treatment of soldiers, set a lot of merit. See Hou Jing Gao Huan Although the man, but he knew this time Yuwen Tai powerful enemy in the side, is the occasion of the employer, so he did not limit the power of Hou Jing. Before his death, in particular high-Huan Gao Cheng asked his son to be careful Hou Jing. And Hou Jing There is not the Takasumi indifference, Takasumi took office, he immediately defected.
552, Hou Jing was Emperor Wu of Chen, Wang Sengbian defeated. Hou Jing attempt to escape, was killed by his men. His rebellion to the devastating Yangtze River region, devastating blow to the Southern gentry. Ancient capital city of our health, "a thousand miles must smoke, deserted, into the bones together, such as the Long Qiu Yan" ("History of Southern Dynasties Hou Jing Chuan"). Liu Yuxi has <Wuyi Xiang> poem: "before the old Wangxie Tang Yan, flying into the homes of ordinary people." According to tui "concept I was born fu" from the note: "Central Plains crowned with Jin Dujiang were 100, so Koto a" 100 spectrum "; to that in the destruction of all those who try to make."
Hou Jing defect to Emperor Wu, he has the king, Xie door first marriage proposal was turned down. Hou Jing anger and said: "What is the door first? Do I call them my slaves." Result was scored Hou Jing Jian Kang, Wang, Xie door first suffered the worst abuse, the two mighty door of the first family of deep hit.