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qí jì xiǎo zǐ
1710 nián 2 yuè 15 rì
dàn shì xì jù huà de shì jiàn gǎi biàn liǎo wáng shì de jié gòu。 zài 1700 nián 'ān rú gōng jué fěi lì pǔ yǐ zǔ mǔ héng héng lù yì shí sì de qī zǐ， xī bān yá gōng zhù mǎ lì yà · tè lì suō de xuè yuán guān xì jì chéng liǎo xī bān yá wáng wèi， chéng wéi xī bān yá guó wáng féi lì wǔ shì。 zài suí hòu de xī bān yá wáng wèi jì chéng zhàn zhēng zhōng fěi lì pǔ bèi pò fàng qì fǎ guó wáng wèi de jì chéng quán。 yīn wéi yīng guó bù yuàn yì kàn dào jiāng lái xī bān yá yǔ qí zhí mín dì yī tóng bèi fǎ guó suǒ tǒng zhì。 èr shū fàng qì jì chéng quán bìng bù shì shénme wèn tí， yīn wéi zēngzǔ fù lù yì shí sì réng yòu zú gòu de zǐ sì。 dàn zài 1711 nián 4 yuè zǔ fù gāo dà de wáng tài zǐ tū rán bìng shì， fù qīn bó gèn dì gōng jué biàn chéng wèile wáng wèi jì chéng rén。 yī nián hòu， jīng lì chōng pèi hé huó pō de mǔ qīn mǎ lì - ā dé lāi dé huàn liǎo tiān huā（ huò má zhěn） bìng zài 1712 nián 2 yuè 12 rì qù shì。 zhè shǐ lǎo guó wáng lù yì shí sì fēi cháng bēi tòng。 tóng yàng rǎn bìng de bó gèn dì gōng jué zài huò zhī qī zǐ de sǐ xùn hòu， zài jí dù bēi tòng de qíng kuàng xià yě zài liù tiān hòu bìng mò。 zài fù mǔ qīn shì shì de yī gè xīng qī nèi， liǎng gè hái zǐ yě bèi fā xiàn rǎn bìng。 bù liè tǎ ní gōng jué bèi yī shēng yī zài de duì qí jìn xíng fàng xuè zhì liáo， zuì zhōng zài 1712 nián 3 yuè 8 rì yāo zhé。
yóu yú lù yì shí sì zài sān nián nèi shī qù liǎo sì míng zǐ sì， wáng cháo de mìng yùn xiàn zài qǔ jué yú yī gè sì suì de nán hái。 rú guǒ nán hái sǐ liǎo， wáng wèi jiāng huì chuán gěi lù yì shí sì de zhí zǐ， gāo dà wáng tài zǐ de táng dì fěi lì pǔ 'èr shì。 dàn shì jí yòu kě néng féi lì wǔ shì huì qiǎn zé tiáo yuē píng shénme bī pò tā fàng qì liǎo fǎ guó wáng wèi， bìng qiě jiāng bì rán dǎo zhì yīcháng zhù yào de 'ōu zhōu zhàn zhēng hé fǎ guó nèi zhàn。 zhè sì suì nán hái jiān shàng de zhòng rèn fēi cháng míng xiǎn， bìng qiě tā de shēng mìng zài měi yī fēn zhōng dōubèi zǎi xì jiān hù。 ér qiě zhè gè nán hái xiàn zài shì yī gè gū 'ér， méi yòu cún huó de xiōng dì jiě mèi， méi yòu shū shěn（ chú liǎo cóng wèi jiàn miàn de 'èr shū féi lì wǔ shì）， bìng qiě méi yòu sān dài yǐ nèi de táng xiōng dì jiě mèi（ chú liǎo nà xiē zài mǎ dé lǐ de）。 zhè yàng de jiā tíng bèi jǐng sù zào liǎo yǐ hòu xǔ duō guó wáng de xìng gé。
ào 'ěr liáng gōng jué shè zhèng shí qī
1715 nián 8 yuè， lù yì shí sì sǐ yú huài jū。 zài 8 yuè 26 rì tā jiào tā de wǔ suì de zēngsūn lù yì dào tā de chuáng biān duì tā shuō liǎo yǐ xià zhù míng de huà： “ wǒ de hái zǐ， nǐ jiāng chéng wéi shì yī wèi liǎo bù qǐ de guó wáng。 bù yào xiàng wǒ yī yàng xǐ huān jiàn zhù hé zhàn zhēng。 xiāng fǎn de， yào shè fǎ yǔ nǐ de lín jū hé píng xiāng chù。 gěi shàng dì nǐ suǒ yīnggāi gěi de。 zǒng shì zūn xún hǎo de jiàn yì， shè fǎ miǎn chú rén mín de tòng kǔ， ér zhè zhèng shì wǒ suǒ méi néng zuò dào de。 ”
liù tiān yǐ hòu， zhè wèi tǒng zhì liǎo fǎ guó chāo guò 50 nián de rén sǐ liǎo， cóng cǐ
yóu yú huái yí tā de zhí zǐ fěi lì pǔ 'èr shì， lù yì shí sì yú shì rèn mìng tā de sī shēng zǐ miǎn yīn gōng jué lù yì dān rèn shè zhèng wáng。 dàn shì zài 9 yuè 2 rì guó wáng jià bēng de dì 'èr tiān， bā lí de zuì gāo fǎ yuàn gōng bù shè zhèng quán， yóu yú féi lì hé yì huì dá chéng xié yì， shòu yú tā men fǒu jué huáng jiā fǎ lìng de quán lì， zhè xiē quán lì shì guò qù bèi lù yì shí sì suǒ shōu huí de。 féi lì dāng shí 41 suì， yóu zuì gāo fǎ yuàn zhèng shì dì rèn mìng wéi shè zhèng wáng， shèng tú xī méng xiáng xì jì lù liǎo fǎ yuàn de zhèng biàn。 shè zhèng wáng zuò chū xiàng zhēng xìng jué dìng diào qiān zhèng fǔ dào bā lí， bìng qiě qiǎn sàn zài fán 'ěr sài de fǎ yuàn。
shè zhèng wáng zài bā lí de gōng diàn huáng gōng (PalaisRoyal) lǐ chǔlǐ guó shì。 nián qīng de
zài 1717 nián qī suì de guó wáng yǔ tā de jiā tíng nǚ jiào shī wén tǎ dù wǎ gōng jué fū rén（ MadamedeVentadour） fēn kāi， yóu fù zé tā jiào yù de miǎn yīn gōng jué zhào gù。 zài 'ān dé liè - hè qiū lè · dé · fú lè lǐ（ André-HerculedeFleury）（ yǐ hòu chéng wéi fú lè lǐ hóng yī zhù jiào） de xié zhù xià dū cù nián qīng de guó wáng。 wéi lè lǔ wǎ gōng jué zé fù zé jiào yù nián qīng de guó wáng。 tā shì yī gè nián lǎo hé zì fù de cháo chén， tā 'ài xiǎn shì tā de xué shēng yòu lǐ mào hé yòu tiānfèn。 nián qīng de guó wáng zài méi wán méi liǎo de gōng kāi yí shì qī jiān， bì xū xué huì yǎn cáng tā de gǎn jué hé tiān shēng de dǎn qiè。 tā zài gōng zhòng miàn qián de yī shēng xiǎn lù liǎo lěng dàn de tài dù hé quán wēi de qì zhì， tóng shí yě xǐ huān yōng yòu sī yòu de kōng jiān hé qīn mì de juàn zǐ héng jiǎn 'ér yán zhī shì yī zhǒng jiē jìn sī yòu zhōng chǎn jiē jí de shēng huó fāng shì。
tā de jiā tíng jiào shī fú lè lǐ yǔ yòu míng de jiào shòu pì rú dì lǐ xué hé dì tú zhì tú jiā jì yáo mǔ · dé lì 'ěr（ GuillaumeDelisle） yī qǐ gěi liǎo tā yōu xiù jiào yù。
zài shè zhèng qī jiān shè zhèng wáng féi lì xiàng lù yì shí sì zhí zhèng shí qī bèi bō duó liǎo quán lì de dì 'èr jiē céng guì zú xún qiú zhī chí。 tā jiàn lì liǎo suǒ wèi de polysynody（ 1715 nián 9 yuè 15 rì）， yǔn xǔ guì zú jiā rù zhèng fǔ。 tā zài 1717 nián jié shù liǎo yǔ dà yīng dì guó de sān fāng lián méng。 gāi lián méng zǔ zhǐ féi lì wǔ shì hé qí hòu dài zài
zài 1721 nián
bō bàng gōng jué nèi gé
zài bō bàng gōng jué kòng zhì zhī xià guó wáng duì zhèng fǔ de jué dìng méi yòu rèn hé yǐng xiǎng。 zhèng fǔ 'àn dì shòu dào tóu jī shāng hé lún chē jīng xiāo shāng bǐ rú É.BerthelotdePléneuf hé yínháng jiā J.Pâris-Duverney yī zǔ rén de yǐng xiǎng。
bō bàng gōng jué wéi nián qīng guó wáng de jiàn kāng dān xīn , bù shì chū yú guān xīn guó wáng huò wáng cháo de wèi lái， ér shì chū yú fáng zhǐ 'ào 'ěr liáng zhī xì ( shè zhèng wáng de hòu rén ) zài guó wáng sǐ hòu dēng shàng wáng wèi。 bō bàng gōng jué bǎ 'ào 'ěr liáng zhī xì dāng zuò tā de dí rén。 guó wáng dāng shí de jiàn kāng shì xiāng dāng xū ruò de， ér qiě duō zhǒng zhēng zhào tí xǐng tā yào zhù yì zì jǐ de jiàn kāng zhuàng kuàng。 xī bān yá gōng zhù yóu yú tài nián qīng yǐ zhì yú bù néng zài jìn qī nèi shēng yù chū jì chéng rén。 yīn cǐ yǔ xī bān yá dí duì de bō bàng gōng jué bǎ gōng zhù sòng huí xī bān yá hòu jiù zhuóshǒu tiǎo xuǎn yī wèi nián líng zú yǐ shēng nán yù nǚ de 'ōu zhōu gōng zhù。 zuì zhōng jī huì zhǐ xiàng liǎo 21 suì mǎ lì · lěi jié sī kǎ， tā shì qián bō lán guó wáng sī tǎn ní sī lā fū · liè xīn sī jī de nǚ 'ér。 zhè wèi dài zhe tā fù qīn bù xìng de kě lián qián gōng zhù。 suī rán bù xiū biān fú， réng rán bèi rèn wéi shì shàn liáng bìng qiě xiāng dāng de mí rén。 ér qiě tā de jiā zú cóng wèi yǔ fǎ guó wáng shì tōng hūn， suǒ yǐ tā jiāng dài zhe xīn de xuè yè jìn rù fǎ guó wáng shì。 xiāng duì lái shuō tā fù qīn jiào dī de dì wèi néng què bǎo zhè duàn hūn yīn bù huì shǐ fǎ guó yīn bì xū xuǎn zé lìng yī gè wáng shì， ér xiàn rù wài jiāo jiǒng tài。 1725 nián 9 yuè jǔ xíng liǎo hūn lǐ， nián qīng guó wáng lì kè 'ài shàng liǎo bǐ tā dà qī suì de xīn niàn zǐ。 dàn shì yī míng qiáng shèng jūn zhù yǔ yī míng qián gōng zhù de jié hé bèi 'ōu zhōu dà duō shù rén rèn wéi shì bù hé shì hé bù zhuāng zhòng de。
bō bàng gōng jué nèi gé zài 1726 nián pò hài xīn jiào jiào tú。 cāo kòng huò bì， zēng jiā xīn shuì， pì rú 1725 nián de wǔ shí shuì hé diào gāo liáng shí de jià gé， zhè xiē zào chéng liǎo xǔ duō wèn tí hé jīng jì de xiāo tiáo。
1726 nián guó wáng yǐ jīng shí liù suì liǎo， suǒ yòu réndōu zhù yì dào zì cóng jié hūn hòu guó wáng dé dào liǎo jiàn kāng hé quán lì。 tā bà miǎn liǎo jí duān bù dé rén xīn hé zhèng zài zhǔn bèi yǔ xī bān yá hé 'ào dì lì zuò zhàn de bō bàng gōng jué。 qǔ 'ér dài zhī tā tí bá qián jiā tíng jiào shī hóng yī zhù jiào fú lè lǐ dān rèn shǒuxiàng。
hóng yī zhù jiào fú lè lǐ nèi gé
hóng yī zhù jiào fú lè lǐ cóng 1726 nián zhí dào tā zài 1743 nián sǐ wáng zài guó wáng de shòu quán xià zhì lǐ liǎo fǎ guó。 jìn guǎn yòu yī xiē guó huì yì yuán hé zhān sēn jiào pài xìn tú bù 'ānfèn， zhè hái shì
zài cái wù bù cháng MichelRobertLePeletierdesForts（ 1726 nián -1730 nián） hé PhilibertOrry（ 1730 nián ~1745 nián） de bāng zhù xià， fú lè lǐ wěn dìng liǎo fǎ guó huò bì（ 1726 nián） hé zuì zhōng shè fǎ píng héng liǎo cái zhèng yù suàn 1738 nián。 jīng jì fā zhǎn shì zhèng fǔ de yī gè zhù yào mù biāo： gǎi jìn jiāo tōng hé wán chéng shèng kūn tíng yùn hé（ lián jiē wǎ cí hé hé suǒ mǔ hé de）。 1738 nián yǐ hòu yòu yán shēn dào 'āi sī kǎo hé hé hé lán， bìng qiě gèng zhòng yào de shì jiàn lì liǎo yī gè guó jiā gōng lù wǎng xì tǒng。 guó jiā hái shè lì liǎo guó lì qiáo liáng hé dào lù xué xiào， xiū zào xiàn dài huà de píng zhí gāo sù gōng lù kāi shǐ yóu bā lí dào dá fǎ guó yáo yuǎn jiāng jiè， diǎn xíng de xīng xíng yàng shì zhì jīn réng rán shì fǎ guó guó dào wǎng luò de zhù yào bù fēn。 dào 18 shì jì de zhōng qī， fǎ guó yòu shì jiè shàng zuì xiàn dài huà hé zuì guǎng fàn de gōng lù wǎng， bìng qiě dà bù fēn gāo sù gōng lù zhì jīn réng rán zài shǐ yòng。 shāng wù wěi yuán huì hé shāng wù jú cì jī liǎo yán hǎi mào yì， zài 1716 nián dào 1748 nián nián jiān， fǎ guó duì wài yán hǎi mào yì 'é cóng 0.8 yì zēng jiā dào 3.08 yì lǐ fú。 dàn shì， qiáng yìng de kē 'ěr bèi fǎ lǜ（ yù shì zhe tǒng zhì jīng jì）， fáng hài liǎo gōng yè fā zhǎn。
zhuān zhì jūn zhù zhì de lì liàng tǐ xiàn zài zhèn yā zhān sēn jiào pài xìn tú hé gāo lú zhù yì de fǎn duì shàng。 má fán yóu bā lí shèng méi dá mù dì kāi shǐ（ yī zǔ zhān sēn jiào pài xìn tú jiǎ zhuāng qí jì fā shēng zài zhè gè fén yuán） dào 1732 nián jié shù。 lìng yī fāng miàn， zài liú fàng 139 wèi gè shěng de guó huì yì yuán hòu， bā lí de zuì gāo fǎ yuàn bì xū jì lù jiào huáng gōng niú wéi yī shèng zǐ bìng qiě bèi jìn zhǐ zài jiāng lái shěn lǐ zōng jiào 'àn jiàn。
hǎi wài， fú lè lǐ yǐ suǒ yòu de dài jià xún qiú hé píng， fǎn duì zhàn zhēng。 tā de hé píng zhèng cè yǐ yǔ yīng guó lián méng hé yǔ xī bān yá hé jiě wéi jī chǔ。 zài 1729 nián 9 yuè， wáng hòu zài dì sān cì huái yùn zhōng yú chǎn xià liǎo yī gè nán yīng lù yì， tā lì jí chéng wéi wáng wèi de jì chéng rén。 yī wèi děng hòu yǐ jiǔ de jì chéng rén de dàn shēng tián bǔ liǎo zì 1712 nián yǐ lái wáng cháo jì chéng rén de kòngquē， dài gěi liǎo fǎ guó shè huì gè gè céng miàn hé 'ōu zhōu wáng shì de jí dà yú yuè。 zhè duì wáng shì fū fù dāng shí fēi cháng tuán jié hé xiāng 'ài， bìng qiě nián qīng guó wáng fēi cháng shòu huān yíng。 yī wèi nán xìng jì chéng rén de dàn shēng tóng shí shū huǎn liǎo xī bān yá jì chéng wēi jī hé kě néng de zhàn zhēng fēng xiǎn。
zài 1733 nián， jìn guǎn fú lè lǐ de zhèng cè yǐ hé píng wéi zhù， guó wáng zhēng qǔ dào fǎ guó wài jiāo bù cháng GermainLouisChauvelin（ 1727 nián ~1737 nián） de zhī chí， gān yù bō lán wáng wèi jì chéng zhàn zhēng yǐ huī fù tā de yuè fù sī tǎn ní sī wǎ fū yī shì zài bō lán de wáng wèi。 fǎ guó yě xī wàng cóng luò lín gōng jué fú lǎng suǒ wǎ sān shì shǒu zhōng dé dào yī zhí chuí xián de luò lín gōng guó， dāng shí fú lǎng suǒ wǎ sān shì bèi rèn wéi jiāng hé shén shèng luó mǎ huáng dì chá lǐ liù shì de nǚ 'ér mǎ lì yà · tè lěi xī yà jié hūn， zhè zào chéng 'ào dì lì de shì lì jǐn 'āi fǎ guó biān jiè de wēi jī。 xīn bù zài yān de fǎ guó zài dōng bù de gān yù wú fǎ niǔ zhuǎn zhàn zhēng de jú miàn， sī tǎn ní sī wǎ fū yī shì yě bù néng huī fù tā de wáng wèi。 dàn shì zài xī bù fǎ guó jūn duì xùn sù dì qīn zhàn liǎo luò lín， bìng qiě zài 1735 nián chū jiù kòng zhì liǎo jú miàn。 zài wéi yě nà tiáo yuē（ 1738 nián 11 yuè）， sī tǎn ní sī wǎ sī yī shì dé dào liǎo luò lín gōng guó yǐ bǔ cháng tā bō lán wáng wèi de sǔn shī， ér zhè gè lì yì zài tā sǐ hòu tōng guò tā nǚ 'ér de jì chéng quán zhuǎn yí dào fǎ guó。 ér fú lǎng suǒ wǎ sān shì chéng wéi tuō sī kǎ nà dà gōng guó de jì chéng rén。 yǔ lù yì shí sì shí qī xiāng bǐ， zhè cì zhàn zhēng huā fèi hěn shǎo， bìng qiě shì fǎ guó wài jiāo fāng miàn de chéng gōng。 luò lín de huò dé（ 1766 nián sī tǎn ní sī wǎ fū yī shì sǐ hòu） jiāng shì fǎ guó zài fǎ guó dà gé mìng zhī qián zuì hòu yī cì de lǐng tǔ kuò zhāng。
zài zhè gè yòu lì jiēguǒ zhī hòu bù jiǔ， fǎ guó wò xuán zài 'ào dì lì dì guó hé tǔ 'ěr qí dì guó de zhàn zhēng zhī jiān， dǎo zhì bèi 'ěr gé lāi dé tiáo yuē（ 1739 nián 9 yuè）， zhàn zhēng yǐ duì tǔ 'ěr qí dì guó yòu lì de qíng kuàng xià jié shù， cóng 16 shì jì zǎo qī， tǔ 'ěr qí dì guó jiù shì fǎ guó de yī gè fǎn duì hā pǔ sī bǎo huáng shì de chuán tǒng méng yǒu。 yǐ cǐ， zài 1740 nián tǔ 'ěr qí lǐ dì guó gēngxīn liǎo biāo zhì liǎo fǎ guó zài zhōng dōng de mào yì bà quán de tóu jiàng tiáo yuē。 zài suǒ yòu zhè xiē chéng gōng yǐ hòu，
zài 1740 nián， shén shèng luó mǎ huáng dì chá lǐ liù shì jià bēng hé tā nǚ 'ér mǎ lì yà · tè lěi xī yà de jì wèi， yǐn fā liǎo 'ōu zhōu de 'ào dì lì wáng wèi jì chéng zhàn zhēng。 nián lǎo de fú lè lǐ méi yòu zú gòu de lì liàng fǎn duì zhàn zhēng， bìng qiě guó wáng zài fǎ yuàn gěi liǎo fǎn 'ào dì lì pài de qiáng dà de yā lì : tā yǔ pǔ lǔ shì jié méng， yú 1741 nián cānyù liǎo zhàn zhēng。 zhàn zhēng chí xù qī nián。 fǎ guó zhuǎn biàn chéng lù yì shí sì tǒng zhì shí qī de zhàn zhēng zhuàng tài。 fú lè lǐ méi yòu kàn dào zhàn zhēng jié shù jiù zài 1743 nián 1 yuè shì shì。 guó wáng fǎng xiào zēngzǔ fù lù yì shí sì， jué dìng cóng cǐ bù shè shǒuxiàng， yóu cǐ kāi shǐ liǎo tā de zhuān zhì tǒng zhì。
qīn zhèng
lù yì shí sì gěi fǎ guó liú xià liǎo cái zhèng de hùn luàn hé gè fāng miàn de shuāi tuì， bù xìng dì
guó wáng lù yì làng fèi liǎo xǔ duō jīng lì zài měi sè de zhuī qiú zhōng， tā yǔ mǎ lì de hūn yīn dài lái liǎo xǔ duō hái zǐ（ cān jiàn xià miàn）。 dàn guó wáng chí xù dì（ hé shēng míng láng jí dì） bù zhōng yú tā。 tā de xǔ duō qíng fù， xiàng péng pà dù 'ěr fū rén hé qián jì nǚ dù bā lì fū rén xiàng guó wáng yī yàng wén míng yú shì， bìng qiě tā hé mǎ yì - nèi sī lāi wǔ jiě mèi zhōng sì gè de fēng liú yùn shì yě bèi zài rù shǐ cè。 zài tā de wǎn nián lù yì gèng piān hǎo nián qīng nǚ hái， zài zhù míng de lù yuàn tóng shí bāo yǎng liǎo jǐ gè nǚ hái。 1745 nián， tā qiǎng zǒu liǎo xià 'ěr - jì yáo mǔ · lè nuò 'ěr máng · dé dì 'ào lè de qī zǐ ràng nà - ān tuō wǎ nī tè · pǔ wǎ sōng， yě jiù shì hòu lái de péng pà dù 'ěr fū rén。
qǐ chū tā pǔ biàn dì wéi rén chēng zuò shòu rén xǐ 'ài de
1743 nián， fǎ guó cān jiā liǎo 'ào dì lì wáng wèi jì chéng zhàn zhēng。 zài zhè duàn tǒng zhì qī jiān dé dào liǎo kē xī jiā dǎo hé luò lín， dàn shì zài hé yīng guó de qī nián zhàn zhēng hòu sàng shī liǎo dà piàn de zhí mín dì。 bā lí tiáo yuē jié shù liǎo qī nián de zhàn zhēng， zhè gè tiáo yuē shì fǎ guó jūn zhù zhì shí qī de zuì qū rǔ de shì jiàn zhī yī。 fǎ guó fàng qì liǎo yìn dù、 jiā ná dà hé mì xī xī bǐ hé xī 'àn。 suī rán fǎ guó réng rán yōng yòu mì xī xī bǐ hé xī miàn de xīn 'ào 'ěr liáng hé guā dé luó pǔ dǎo， dàn shì zhè cì shī bài biāo zhì zhāofǎ guó shī qù liǎo xīn dà lù。 fǎ guó de duì wài cè lüè 'àn rán shī bài， tā de shēng wàng yě xiǎn zhù xià diē liǎo。
1774 nián，
yóu yú
duì cái zhèng de guǎn lǐ bù shàn hé zhāo rén fēi yì de sī rén shēng huó pò huài liǎo zhěng gè fǎ guó jūn zhù zhì， ér qiě yí liú xià de wèn tí huì kùn rǎo hé zuì zhōng cuī huǐ tā de hòu jì zhě lù yì shí liù hé mǎ lì · ān tuō wǎ nèi tè de shēng mìng。
lù yì de lìng wài liǎng gè sūn zǐ yě chéng wéi fǎ guó de guó wáng - lù yì shí bā hé chá lǐ shí shì。
hūn yīn hé zǐ nǚ
*1725 nián 9 yuè 4 rì， yǔ bō lán gōng zhù mǎ lì · lěi jié sī kǎ（ 1703 nián ~1768 nián） jié hūn。 yù yòu 2 nán bā nǚ：
o lù yì sī - yī lì suō bái gōng zhù（ 1727 nián 8 yuè 14 rì ~1759 nián 12 yuè 6 rì）， 1739 nián jià gěi táng shū pà 'ěr mǎ gōng jué fěi lì pǔ。 yòu 1 nán 2 nǚ， zhōng nián 32 suì。
o 'ān nī - hēng lì 'ài tè（ 1727 nián 8 yuè 14 rì ~1752 nián 2 yuè 10 rì）， zhōng nián wèi mǎn 25 suì。
o mǎ lì - lù yì sī（ 1728 nián 7 yuè 28 rì ~1733 nián 2 yuè 19 rì）， wèi mǎn 5 suì yāo zhé。
o lù yì wáng tài zǐ（ 1729 nián 9 yuè 4 rì ~1765 nián 12 yuè 20 rì）， zhōng nián 36 suì。
o féi lì（ 1730 nián 8 yuè 30 rì ~1733 nián 4 yuè 17 rì）， wèi mǎn 3 suì yāo zhé。
o 'ā dé lāi dé（ 1732 nián 3 yuè 23 rì ~1800 nián 2 yuè 27 rì）， xiǎng nián 68 suì。
o wéi duō lì - lù yì sī gōng zhù（ 1733 nián 5 yuè 11 rì ~1799 nián 6 yuè 7 rì）， xiǎng nián 66 suì。
o sū fěi - fěi lì pín（ 1734 nián 7 yuè 17 rì ~1782 nián 3 yuè 3 rì）， zhōng nián 47 suì。
o tè lì suō - fà lì qiàn dài（ 1736 nián 3 yuè 16 rì ~1744 nián 9 yuè 28 rì）， 8 suì yāo zhé。
o lù yì sī - mǎ lì（ 1737 nián 7 yuè 5 rì ~1787 nián 12 yuè 23 rì）， zhōng nián 50 suì。
zài liù míng huó dào chéng nián de gōng zhù zhī zhōng， zhǐ yòu dà gōng zhù lù yì sī - yī lì suō bái néng chóu zú jià zhuāng dé yǐ jià rén。 qí tā wǔ wèi gōng zhù jiē yīn fù wáng yòu néng lì yǎng zhòng duō qíng fù què wú fǎ cāo bàn tā men de jià zhuāng 'ér dé xiāng bàn zhōng lǎo。
Miracle Kid
But the dramatic events that changed the structure of the royal family. Philip Anjou in 1700 to his grandmother - the wife of Louis XIV, the Spanish Princess Maria Teresa of Spain, inherited the throne of blood relationship, to become King Philip V of Spain. In the ensuing war Philip inherited the throne of Spain was forced to abandon the right of the throne of France. Because the British do not want to see the future, together with Spain and its colonies ruled by France. Uncle to give up inheritance is not a problem, because the great-grandfather Louis XIV still have enough offspring. However, in April 1711 Dauphin tall grandfather died suddenly, his father the Duke of Burgundy became the heir to the throne. A year later, energetic and lively mother Mary - Adelaide suffering from smallpox (or measles) and February 12, 1712 died. This is very sad old King Louis XIV. Similarly, the Duke of Burgundy sick wife, was told that after death, in extreme cases, painful disease are dead six days later. Parents died in a week, two children were found infected. Duke of Brittany by his doctors repeated the treatment for bleeding, finally March 8, 1712 died. Louis XV was for his family of women teachers Madame de Ventadour Wen Ta Duwa Duchess of hiding, she strongly opposed to a doctor for bleeding on the treatment of young children and risk their lives to personally take care of him. Finally, in 1714 with Uncle Duke of Berry is also a result of wounds, died while hunting off the horse, and before the couple's children, the Duke of Berry had all died.
Six days later, the rule of the French dead more than 50 years, from Louis XV of France immediately became the new king.
Duke of Bourbon king of health concern for young, not out of concern for the future of the king or dynasty, but rather to prevent the Orleans branch (descendants of the Prince Regent) the throne after the death of the king. Duke branch of the Bourbon Orleans as his enemy. At that time the king's health is very weak, and a variety of signs to remind him to pay attention to their health. Princess of Spain so as not too young to breed in the near future heir. Therefore, hostile to the Spanish Duke of Bourbon Princess returned to Spain to start after a boy is old enough to choose an education in Europe woman princess. Final opportunity to point to a 21-year-old 玛丽蕾捷斯卡, she is a former Polish king Stanislav 夫列辛斯基 daughter. The poor unfortunate with her father before the princess. Although the slovenly, is still considered good, and quite charming. And her family had never married the French royal family, so she will take new blood into the French royal family. Relatively low status of her father to ensure that this marriage will not make the French royal family by the need to choose another, and into a diplomatic embarrassment. September 1725 held a wedding ceremony, the young king immediately fell in love with the bride-year-old than him. But a strong monarchy and the combination of being a former princess of Europe most people think is not appropriate and not dignified.
Cardinal Fleury, the Cabinet
Autocratic monarchy's strength lies in the repression of religious believers and high Lu Zhuyi Jensen opposition on. Trouble from the start 巴黎圣梅达 cemetery (a group of religious believers to pretend Jensen miracle occurred in the Graveyard) to the end of 1732. On the other hand, in exile in 139 provincial lawmakers, the Paris Supreme Court must be recorded papal Bulls, and the only Son of religion is prohibited in the future hear the case.
In 1733, despite the policy of Fleury, mainly peacefully, to French Foreign Minister King for Germain Louis Chauvelin (1727 年 ~ 1737) in support of the Polish Succession War intervention to restore his father Stanislas in Poland's throne. France also hopes to Francois III, Duke of Lorraine had been coveted by the hands of the Luo Lingong country, then François III is considered the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI will and the daughter of 玛丽娅特蕾 Thea marriage, which caused Austria's forces close to the French border crisis. Absent the intervention of the French in the east can not reverse the situation of war, Stanislas can not resume his throne. However, French troops rapidly in the western occupied Lorraine, and in early 1735 on the control of the situation. In Vienna (November 1738), Stanislav Gas I, was Luo Lingong States to compensate for the loss of his Polish throne, and this interest after his death, her daughter's inheritance rights through the transfer to France. And Francois III, heir to become the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. Compared with the period of Louis XIV, the war will cost very little, and the French diplomatic success. Lorraine received (1766 Stanislas's death) will be in France before the French Revolution, the last territorial expansion.
Shortly after this favorable outcome in the French mediation in the Austrian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the wars, resulting in Belgrade Treaty (September 1739), the war to benefit the Turkish Empire, the end of the case, from the early 16th century, Turkey, the French Empire against the Habsburg royal family as a traditional ally. This, in 1740 the Turkish flag in the French Empire updated trade hegemony in the Middle East capitulation. In all of these are successful, Louis XV, as the arbiter of Europe's prestige reached its highest point.
Louis XIV to the French left of various aspects of financial chaos and recession, unfortunately, Louis XV failed to overcome these financial problems, mainly because of his indecision and bad faith. In Versailles the king and his nobles around marks the decadence and the decline of the monarchy. Worse, Louis seems to realize that anti-monarchy forces threatened his family in the rule, but still did not do anything to stop it. There is a wide spread or even the legendary Louis prophesied: "After me, the flood is approaching (Après nous, le déluge)". "A harsh and accurate prediction is the only early warning measures to Louis XV.
1743, France took part in the War of Austrian Succession. In this rule has been Corsica and Lorraine, but after the war and the British lost seven large colonies. Treaty of Paris ended the war years, this treaty the French monarchy during one of the most humiliating event. France abandoned India, Canada and the Mississippi River West Bank. Although the French still have the Mississippi River west of New Orleans and Guadeloupe, but the failure of the French lost the New World. France's foreign policy and had to fail, it's popularity has dropped significantly.
Financial mismanagement and for criticism of the private life of the French monarchy destroyed, and left behind to be troubling and ultimately destroy his successor Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette's life.
* September 4, 1725, with Polish Princess 玛丽蕾捷斯卡 (1703 ~ 1768) married. Education, 2 men and eight women:
o Mary - Louise (July 28, 1728 ~ February 19, 1733), under 5 mortality.
o Adelaide (March 23, 1732 ~ February 27, 1800), at the age of 68 years.
o Teresa - enamel Liqian Dai (March 16, 1736 ~ September 28, 1744), 8-year-old died.
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