lù yì jiǔ shì Louis IX
kǎ pèi wáng cháo
( 1214niánsìyuè25rì～ 1270niánbāyuè25rì)
lù yì jiǔ shì （ fǎ yǔ： LouisIX， 1214 nián 4 yuè 25 rì － 1270 nián 8 yuè 25 rì） shì fǎ guó kǎ pèi wáng cháo dì 9 rèn guó wáng， 1226 nián kāi shǐ zài wèi zhí dào sǐ wáng， shì lù yì bā shì hé kǎ sī tí ' ěr de bù lán qí suǒ shēng de hái zǐ。 tā yě céng jīng fā qǐ dì qī cì、 dì bā cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng。
zī liào lái yuán
guān yú lù yì jiǔ shì de yī shēng， zī liào duō bàn lái zì “ JeandeJoinville ” suǒ zhù zhuànjì《 LifeofSaintLouis》。 Joinville shì lù yì jiǔ shì de mì yǒu、 zhī jǐ， yě shì guó wáng de gù wèn， tā yě cānyù、 guān kàn 1297 nián jiào huáng bó yì bā shì fēng lù yì jiǔ shì wéi shèng tú de jiào huáng shěn pàn（ thepapalinquestintoLouis'lifethatendedwithhiscanonization）。 lìng wài liǎng gè zhòng yào de zhuànjì fēn bié shì guó wáng de gào jiě shén fù GeoffeyofBeaulieu hé fù shǔ jiào táng mù shī suǒ xiě WilliamofChartres。 dì sìchóng yào de wén xiàn zé shì WilliamofSaint-Pathus de zìzhuàn， jì shù qián duàn suǒ tí dào de jiào huáng shěn pàn。 lù yì jiǔ shì sǐ hòu shù shí nián jiān suǒ gè bié zhuàn xiě de zhuànjì， zhǐ yòu JeanofJoinville,GeoffreyofBeaulieu, hé WilliamofChartres xiě zì tā gè rén de yì zhì（ wrotefrompersonalknowledgeoftheking）。
zǎo qī
zài lù yì jiǔ shì 12 suì de shí hòu， tā de fù qīn lù yì bā shì guò shì（ 1226 nián 11 yuè 8 rì）， tóng nián zài lán sī dà jiào táng jiā miǎn。 yīn wéi nián yòu， yóu mǔ qīn shè zhèng。 qí dì chá lǐ bèi fēng wéi 'ān rú bó jué， jí hòu chéng wéi nà bù lè sī guó wáng。 zài wèi qī jiān yǔ yīng wáng hēng lì sān shì zhī chí de guì zú jí 'ā 'ěr bǐ pài yì jiào tú jìn xíng dǒu zhēng。 1229 nián qí mǔ shè zhèng xià jī bài tóng qíng 'ā 'ěr bǐ pài yì jiào tú de tú lú cí bó jué léi méng qī shì， jí pò shǐ léi méng qī shì chéng rèn qí fù léi méng liù shì de bù dāng xíng wéi 'ér qiān shǔ tiáo yuē， yǐ lù yì jiǔ shì zhī dì 'ā 'ěr fāng sī yǔ léi méng qī shì de nǚ 'ér jié hūn， cóng 'ér shǐ 'ā 'ěr fāng sī chéng wéi tú lú cí bó jué， jí zài 'ā 'ěr fāng sī sǐ hòu shǐ tú lú cí chéng wéi huáng shì lǐng tǔ。
shí zì jūn dōng zhēng
lù yì jiǔ shì zéngshēn jiā liǎng cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng， zài 1248 nián cān jiā liǎo dì qī cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng jí zài 1270 nián cān jiā liǎo dì bā cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng。
dì qī cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng shí， lù yì jiǔ shì hěn kuài biàn gōng qǔ liǎo 'āi jí dá mǐ 'āi tǎ， dàn què xiàn rù bèi wēn yì zhé mó de jìng kuàng。 áo guò wēn yì hòu， shí zì jūn jìn gōng kāi luó。 shí zì jūn bèi mǎ mù lù kè jiànglǐng bài bā 'ěr shuài lǐng de nú lì qí bīng dǎ bài。 jiēguǒ， lù yì jiǔ shì de dì dì 'ā tú wǎ bó jué luó bèi 'ěr bèi shā， lù yì jiǔ shì zài màn sū lā（ Mansura） bèi fú。
1250 nián， dāng shí de mǎ mù lù kè sū dān biàn bèi qí zhàn shèng shí zì jūn de jūn guān suǒ tuī fān， fǎ guó yǐ dà bǐ shú jīn shú huí lù yì jiǔ shì 。 dàn zhí dào 1254 nián， lù yì jiǔ shì hé yǔ tā díshì bīng cái néng bèi shì fàng huí guó。
dì bā cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng shí， yóu yú lù yì jiǔ shì wéi bào 1250 nián bīng bài zhī chóu， bù tīng fǎ lán xī guì zú jí jìn chén de quàn zǔ， lǐng dǎo gù yōng qí shì， zài 1270 nián jìn jūn tū ní sī。 shí zì jūn zài tū ní sī dēng lù bù jiǔ， quán jūn rǎn shàng wēn yì， yī lù shàng yòu dà pī shì bīng sǐ wáng， lù yì jiǔ shì yì rǎn bìng shēn wáng。 lù yì jiǔ shì de 'ér zǐ jiān jì chéng rén féi lì sān shì mǎ shàng xià lìng chè tuì。 shí zì jūn chè tuì 'ér gào shī bài shōu yì。
xiàng měnggǔ dì guó pài qiǎn shǐ zhě
1252 nián， zài dì qī cì shí zì jūn dōng zhēng shī bài zhī hòu， tā pài qiǎn fǎ guó fāng jì gè huì jiào shì lǔ bù lǔ qǐ chū shǐ měnggǔ dì guó， dǐ dá měnggǔ dì guó shǒu dū hā lā hé lín， jiàn dào méng gē dàhán méng gē。
yì shù zàn zhù zhě jí zhòng cái zhě
lù yì jiǔ shì zàn zhù yì shù， shǐ gē dé shì yì shù jí gē dé jiàn zhù huò dé hěn dà de chuàng xīn yǔ gǎi gé。 tā gōng tíng de yì shù fēng gé tōng guò bā lí měi shù dà shī de zuò pǐn， yǐ jí wáng shì lián yīn chuán bō dào 'ōu zhōu gè dì。 lù yì jiǔ shì zài bā lí de gè rén fù shǔ lǐ bài táng Sainte-Chapelle de yàng shì yě duō cì bèi tā de hòu yì suǒ mó fǎng。 lù yì jiǔ shì de zuò pǐn《 MorganBible》， shì zhōng shì jì de huì huà jié zuò。
shèng lù yì de tǒng zhì shí qī， fǎ lán xī wáng guó de zhèng zhì jí jīng jì chēng bà 'ōu zhōu， bèi chēng zuò“ shèng lù yì de huáng jīn shì jì（ goldencenturyofSaintLouis）”。 fǎ guó guó wáng zài 'ōu zhōu de guó wáng jí tǒng zhì zhě dāng zhōng bèi shì wéi“ tóng bèi zhōng nián jì zuì cháng zhě（ primusinterpares）”。 tā tǒng shuài 'ōu zhōu zuì dà de jūn duì、 zhì lǐ 'ōu zhōu zuì fù yòu de guó jiā。 dāng shí fǎ guó shì 'ōu zhōu yì shù jí zhī shí de zhōng xīn， tā bèi rèn wéi shì LaSorbonne（ àn： kě néng shì zhǐ bā lí suǒ bāng dà xué） de chuàng shǐ rén。 zài hěn duō fāng miàn， lù yì jiǔ shì jiàn lì liǎo“ jī dū jiào guó jiā”， yě zài qí yǐ rán zài shēng de shí hòu jiàn lì liǎo zì jǐ de shén shèng、 gōng zhèng de shēng wàng， lù yì zài xǔ duō chǎng hé dōubèi xuǎn wéi zhòng cái zhě。（ onmanyoccasionshewaschosenasanarbiterinthequarrelsopposingtherulersofEurope.）
ōu zhōu duì lù yì jiǔ shì de shēng wàng jí jìng zhòng zhù yào yóu yú tā rén hòu de gè rén tè zhì de xī yǐn lì dà guò yú tā suǒ yōng yòu de jūn shì quán lì。 zài tā de shí dài， tā shì jī dū jiào guó jūn de diǎn fàn。
yǐ“ shèng lù yì” lái mìng míng de dì fāng
mì sū lǐ zhōu、 sài nèi jiā 'ěr Saint-LouisduSénégal、 ā 'ěr sà sī Saint-Louis、 kuí běi kè shèng lù yì hú、 jiā zhōu MissionSanLuisReydeFrancia děng dì dū yǐ zhè wèi guó wáng de mìng zì lái mìng míng
fǎ guó fán 'ěr sài shèng lù yì dà jiào táng、 BasilicaofSt.Louis,KingofFranceinSt.Louis,Missouri,theCathedral-BasilicaofSt.LouisinSt.Louis,Missouri, jí fǎ guó shèng lù yì huáng jiā Order(1693 – 1790and1814– 30)werealsocreatedaftertheking. niǔ 'ào liáng de shèng lù yì dà jiào táng yě shì yǐ zhè wèi guó jūn lái mìng míng。
xǔ duō bā xī de pú táo yá wén dì míng jiào zuò SãoLuís yě shì yǐ shèng lù yì lái mìng míng de。
tū ní sī yǐ SidiBouSaid lái chēng zhè wèi fǎ guó tiān zhù jiào guó wáng。 tū ní sī de chuán shuō， lù yì jiǔ shì yǔ yī wèi bǎi bǎi gōng zhù xiāng liàn， lù yì jiǔ shì jiāng zì jǐ de míng zì gǎi chéng AbouSaidibnKhalefibnYahiaEttaminielBeji（ chuò hào shì SidiBouSaid）， tū ní sī xī 'àn de qí tè xiǎo zhèn biàn yǐ cǐ mìng míng。 gēn jù zhè gè chuán shuō， lù yì jiǔ shì hòu lái chéng wéi yī sī lán de shèng rén， zhè gè gù shì de gēn jù suī rán bù kě kào， bù guò zhè wèi guó jūn hěn míng xiǎn tè bié dì kuáng rè yú zōng jiào， ér qiě céng yǔ yī sī lán guó jiā wéi dí。
On the life of Louis IX, most information comes from "Jean de Joinville" book biography "Life of Saint Louis". Joinville was a close friend of Louis IX, a confidant, is also the king's advisor, he also watched in 1297 Pope Boniface VIII, Louis IX for the Saints sealed the Pope trial (the papal inquest into Louis' life that ended with his canonization ). Two other important biographies were the king's confession the priest Geoffey of Beaulieu and affiliated church pastor wrote William of Chartres. The fourth important document is the William of Saint-Pathus autobiography, accounts of the trial in the previous section pope. Louis IX a few years after the death of a biography written by the individual, only Jean of Joinville, Geoffrey of Beaulieu, and William of Chartres wrote from his own will (wrote from personal knowledge of the king).
Crusades
1250, the then 马穆路克苏丹 it by its officers over the overthrow of the Crusaders, the French to a large ransom redemption Louis IX. It was not until 1254, Louis IX and his soldiers to be released home.
1252, in the seventh after the failure of the Crusades, he sent the French Franciscans do not teach Shi Lu Lu begging mission to the Mongol empire, arrived in Harare, the capital of the Mongol Empire and the forest, see Mungo Mungo profusely.
St. Louis's reign, the Kingdom of France's political and economic hegemony in Europe, called the "Golden Century St. Louis (golden century of Saint Louis)". King, King of France in Europe and the rulers were seen as "the longest older peers (primus inter pares)". He commanded the largest army in Europe, Governance of Europe's richest countries. At that time France was the center of European art and knowledge, he is considered La Sorbonne (note: may refer to the Sorbonne), founder. In many ways, Louis IX established a "Christian country", but also its still alive and set up their own sacred, just prestige, Louis was elected in a number of occasions arbiter. (On many occasions he was chosen as an arbiter in the quarrels opposing the rulers of Europe.)
Missouri, Senegal Saint-Louis du Sénégal, Alsace Saint-Louis, Quebec, St. Louis, Lake, California Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, etc. are to the life of the king to name the word
Tunisia Sidi Bou Said to the king, said the French Catholic. Tunisia legend, Louis IX in love with a Berber princess, Louis IX to his name changed Abou Said ibn Khalef ibn Yahia Ettamini el Beji (nickname is Sidi Bou Said), Tunisia, the West Bank town will be strange to this name. According to this legend, Louis IX became saints of Islam, the story is based, while not reliable, but the monarch is clearly particular fanaticism in religion, and Islamic countries with the enemy.
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