姓: | 劉 | |||||||||||||||
名: | 炟 | |||||||||||||||
網筆號: | 孝章皇帝 | |||||||||||||||
廟號: | 肅宗 | |||||||||||||||
陵墓: | 敬陵 | |||||||||||||||
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劉炟年表:
公元58年,劉炟出生,被明帝馬皇后收養,並以馬氏為外傢。
公元60年,被立為皇太子。
公元75年,劉炟即位,是為漢章帝。
公元78年,馬太後去世,東漢光武帝和明帝時期所訂立的“外戚不得封侯當政”的規定,終於開始動搖。外戚竇氏集團開始進入政治權力中樞。
公元79年,《白虎通》在漢章帝的主持下,由班固整理成書。
公元85年,西域烏孫國派人來訪,與東漢中央政府交好,徵戰連年的中原與西域,又看見了和平的希望。
公元88年,漢章帝劉炟病逝。
【提倡儒學】
漢明帝永平三年(60),立為皇太子。在位期間,行寬厚之政,除去以往一人犯謀逆等大罪則親屬皆受牽連的禁令。命罪人減刑遷到邊境地區。禁用酷刑,以尚書陳寵之議,除刑罰殘酷的條文50餘條。禁????、鐵私煮、私鑄。註重選拔官吏,以得廉能之吏為政治清明的保證。打擊豪強地主兼併土地,采取優惠政策募民墾荒,鼓勵人口增殖,減輕徭役賦稅。提倡儒術,建初八年(83),選高才生受學《左氏春秋》、《𠔌梁春秋》、《古文尚書》、《毛詩》。因經學家多分歧,集中諸卿、博士等於白虎觀講議五經同異,並命班固將討論結果整理成書,名為《 白虎通德論》(又稱《白虎通議》、《白虎通》),這部書係統地吸收了陰陽五行和讖緯之學,形成今文經學派的主要論點,是董仲舒以來儒傢神秘主義哲學的進一步發展。改革歷法,始用李梵等所作的《四分歷》。
【東漢盛世】
[漢章帝]
漢章帝
章帝在位期間,國傢興盛、政局穩定,社會安寧,兩度派班超出使西域,使得西域地區重新稱藩於漢,與漢明帝共稱“明章盛世”。但由於過分擡高儒教,致使一些官員求虛丟實,開始腐敗。且章帝過於放縱外戚,導致漢和帝時期外戚專權,直接性的導致東漢的覆亡。
【愛好書法】
章帝還是一位書法傢,他的草書非常有名,被稱為“章草”。
【章帝逝世】
章和二年正月(88),章帝病逝於洛陽章德前殿,葬於漢敬陵(今河南洛陽東南)。 死時32歲。
【在位年號】
建初(9)76—84
元和(4)84—87
章和(2)87—88
【後妃子女】
皇后
章德竇皇后 無子
恭懷梁皇后(追封) 梁貴人 生漢和帝
妃嬪
竇貴人 竇皇后妹
宋貴人 生劉慶
梁大貴人 梁皇后姐
申貴人
子
1、劉伉 千乘貞王 (其曾孫為漢質帝)
2、劉全 平春悼王 無後
3、劉慶 清河孝王 (其子為漢安帝)
4、劉肇 漢和帝
5、劉壽 濟北惠王 (其子為漢少帝)
6、劉開 河間孝王 (其孫為漢桓帝、曾孫為漢靈帝)
7、劉淑 城陽懷王 無後
8、劉萬歲 廣宗殤王 無後
女
劉男,建初四年封武德長公主。
劉王,四年封平邑公主,適黃門侍郎馮由。
劉吉,永元五年封陰安公主。
【謚號陵寢】
謚曰“孝章”,廟號“肅宗”,葬“敬陵”
【後人評價】
范晔
魏文帝稱“明帝察察,章帝長者”。章帝素知人厭明帝苛切,事從寬厚。感陳寵之義,除慘獄之科。深元元之愛,著胎養之令。奉承明德太後,盡心孝道。割裂名都,以崇建周親。平徭簡賦,而人賴其慶。又體之以忠恕,文之以禮樂。故乃蕃輔剋諧,群後德讓。謂之長者,不亦宜乎!在位十三年,郡國所上符瑞,合於圖書者數百千所。烏呼懋哉!
肅宗濟濟,天性愷悌。於穆後德,諒惟淵體。左右藝文,斟酌律禮。思服帝道,弘此長懋。儒館獻歌,戎亭虛候。氣調時豫,憲平人富。
——《後漢書·肅宗孝章帝紀》
AD 78, the horse Queen Mother died, and Emperor Ming Han Guangwu period established by the "Dukes not Monkey power" requirement, finally began to shake. Dukes Doushi group entered the political power center.
Yongping three years of the Han Dynasty (60), established as a crown prince. Reign, OK generosity of the government, removed in the past a person who commits sin is relative plotters, etc. are subject to the prohibitions involved. Life commuted to move to border areas sinner. Disable torture, to pet the proposed Book of Chen, in addition to the provisions of cruel punishment, more than 50. Ban salt, iron private cook, private casting. Pay attention to selecting officials to be honest to the Officials for the more politically guaranteed. Annexation of the land against tyrannical landlords to adopt preferential policies to raise the people who have worked hard to encourage the proliferation of the population, reduce the corvee taxes. Promote Confucianism, the early construction of eight (83), selected outstanding student by the school, "Zuo Spring and Autumn", "Gu Liang Chunqiu", "Ancient Book", "Mao." Divided by the scientists for more than a concentrated Zhu Qing, Dr. White Tiger is equal to the proposed concept of the Five Classics with different stresses, and ordered Ban will discuss the results of finishing a book called "Bai Hu Tong of Ethics" (also known as "Bai Hu Tong Yee", "Bai Hu Tong" ), this book systematically absorbed the yin and yang and the Han and Wei, the formation of the New Text school principal argument is since the Confucian Dong further development of mystical philosophy. Reform of the calendar, beginning with the Vatican, etc. Lee's "quarter of the calendar."
Prime】 【Han
During the reign of Emperor Zhang of the National prosperity, political stability, social tranquility, two dispatching beyond the Western Regions, making re-called Western Regions in the Han clan, and of the Han Dynasty were "the next chapter Golden Age." However, excessive elevation of Confucianism, leading some officials seeking lost virtual reality, began to corruption. Zhang of over-indulgence and Dukes, resulting in the Han period and Dili Dukes autocratic direct result of the fall of Eastern Han Dynasty.
Jian-chu (9) 76-84
】 【Concubines children
Christine Liang Huai Empress (bestowed) beam in your life, Emperor He of Han
Liu Qing Song to your life
Son
Female
Liu Ji, Yong-yuan five letters Yinan Gong master.
Evaluation】 【posterity
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