| xìng： | liú | |||||||||||||||
| míng： | fú líng | |||||||||||||||
| wǎngbǐhào： | hàn xiào zhāo huáng dì | |||||||||||||||
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zhāo dì dēng jī shí cái 8 suì， què cōng míng líng lì、 shí fēn guǒ duàn， duì xiōng nú de zhèng cè shí fēn dé dāng。 miàn duì hàn wǔ dì shí dài de lián nián zhēng zhàn、 zēng jiā yáo yì， zhāo dì tīng qǔ zhòng chén de jiàn yán， jiǎn shǎo fù shuì， zú zú jiǎn shǎo liǎo 3 bèi， jìn yī bù shēn huà liǎo wǔ dì wǎn nián chóngxīn shī xíng hàn chū yǔ mín xiū xī de zhèng cè。 zài shǒu fǔ dà chén huò guāng de zhù chí xià， zhāo dì cháo de bǎi xìng shēng huó bǐ yǐ qián fù yù， sì yí lái cháo， shǐ hàn cháo chū xiàn liǎo zhōng xīng wěn dìng de jú miàn。 kě xī， gōng yuán qián 74 nián 6 yuè 5 rì， zhāo dì yú wèi yāng gōng bào bìng 'ér sǐ， zhè wèi yòu wàng wéi zhōng xīng zhī zhù、 shí fēn yòu zuò wéi de huáng dì yīng nián zǎo shì， xiǎng nián jǐn 21 suì， zài wèi 13 nián。
7 yuè 24 rì，
rén wù jiǎn jiè
xī hàn xiào zhāo huáng dì liú fú líng， hàn zú， shēng yú gōng yuán qián 94 nián 3 yuè 16 rì， bēng yú gōng yuán qián 74 nián 6 yuè 5 rì， xī hàn dì 8 rèn huáng dì， hàn wǔ dì liú chè dì 6 gè 'ér zǐ（ zuì xiǎo de 'ér zǐ）， tā de mǔ qīn shì zhào jié yú（ jí gōu yì fū rén）。 gōng yuán qián 87 nián 3 yuè 30 rì jí wèi， chū yóu huò guāng、 jīn rì dī、 sāng hóng yáng、 shàng guān jié sì rén gòng fǔ guó zhèng， jì xù shí xíng hàn wǔ dì shí qī zhèng cè， céng duō cì jī bài xiōng nú、 wū huán děng， jiā qiáng liǎo běi fāng shù fáng。 shǐ yuán liù nián（ qián 81 nián）， zhào kāi“ yán tiě huì yì”， yīn hàn wǔ dì shí qī guān yíng yán jiǔ tiě jí duì xiōng nú cháng qī zuò zhàn de zhèng cè zāo dào“ xián liáng、 wén xué” de pī píng， huì hòu bà chú què jiǔ（ jiǔ lèi zhuān mài）。 yuán fèng yuán nián（ qián 80 nián） yǐ móu fǎn zuì zhū shā sāng hóng yáng、 shàng guān jié děng rén， zhuān rèn huò guāng， jìn yī bù gēnggǎi hàn wǔ dì shí qī zhì dù。 bà bù jí zhī guān， jiǎn qīng fù shuì， yǔ mín xiū xī。
shǐ chēng liú fú líng zì yòu cōng míng duō zhī， yòu cháng dé shēn gāo tǐ zhuàng， hěn shòu hàn wǔ dì chǒng 'ài。 yuán tài zǐ liú jù bèi shā， tài zǐ zhī wèi yī zhí kòngquē。 hàn wǔ dì xiǎng lì liú fú líng wéi tài zǐ， wéi miǎn lǚ shì zhī luàn chóngyǎn， biàn yú gōng yuán qián 88 nián jiāng qí mǔ zhào jié yú cì sǐ。 cì nián， hàn wǔ dì lín sǐ zhī qián xià zhào lì liú fú líng wéi tài zǐ， rèn huò guāng wéi dà sī mǎ dàjiàng jūn fǔ zhèng。
gōng yuán qián 87 nián 3 yuè 30 rì， hàn wǔ dì sǐ hòu dì 2 tiān， liú fú líng jì wèi chēng huáng dì， gǎi cì nián nián hào wéi " shǐ yuán "， hòu yòu gǎi yòng " yuán fèng "、 " yuán píng " děng nián hào， qián hòu zài wèi gòng 13 nián。
liú fú líng jí wèi shí， nián jǐn 8 suì， cháo zhèng dà quán yóu huò guāng zhí zhǎng。 dàn jù shǐ shū jìzǎi， shàonián de liú fú líng yě pō jù fēi cháng zhī cái， shú zhī jūn guó dà shì。 gōng yuán qián 80 nián， dà chén shàng guān jié hé sāng hóng yáng gòu jié yàn wáng liú dàn， wū xiàn fǔ zhèng dà chén huò guāng， jiēguǒ bèi 15 suì de liú fú líng shí pò yīn móu。 bù jiǔ， liú dàn děng yīn móu zhèng biàn， liú fú líng zài huò guāng fǔ zhù xià， zhū shā liǎo sāng hóng yáng、 shàng guān jié， bī liú dàn zì shā， chéng gōng dì bì miǎn liǎo yīcháng zhèng biàn。 shǐ chēng "
zài huò guāng fǔ zuǒ xià， liú fú líng jì chéng liú chè mò nián de fù mín zhèng cè， duì nèi qīng yáo bó fù、 yǔ mín xiū xī， duì wài zé yǔ xiōng nú hé qīn。 yīn cǐ， liú fú líng zhī shì， " bǎi xìng chōng shí， sì yí bīn fú "。 ruò tiān jiǎ qí nián， liú fú líng jiāng dà yòu yī fān zuò wéi。 kě xī， gōng yuán qián 74 nián 6 yuè 5 rì ( nóng lì yuán píng yuán nián sì yuè guǐ wèi rì )， liú fú líng hái méi lái dé jí jìn zhǎn qí xióng cái dà lüè， biàn bìng shì yú cháng 'ān， nián jǐn 21 suì， zàng yú píng líng ( jīn shǎn xī xián yáng shì xī běi 13 lǐ chù )， zūn shì xiào zhāo huáng dì。 zhāo dì wú zǐ， hòu yǐ liú hè wéi sì。
gōng yuán qián 94 nián， liú fú líng huái yùn shí sì gè yuè（ yòu kuā dà chéngfèn） ér shēng， bèi hàn wǔ dì chēng wéi“ gōu yì zǐ”。
gōng yuán qián 87 nián， liú fú líng jí wèi。
gōng yuán qián 81 nián， huò guāng zhù chí“ yán tiě huì yì”。
gōng yuán qián 80 nián， shàng guān jié、 sāng hóng yáng、 yàn wáng liú dàn děng rén fā dòng gōng tíng zhèng biàn， zuì hòu yǐ shī bài gào zhōng。
gōng yuán qián 77 nián， liú fú líng mǎn 18 suì， kāi shǐ qīn zhèng。
gōng yuán qián 74 nián， liú fú líng bào bìng 'ér bēng， xiǎng nián 21 suì。
zài wèi nián hào
shǐ yuán gōng yuán qián 86 nián héng gōng yuán qián 80 nián
yuán fèng gōng yuán qián 80 nián－ gōng yuán qián 74 nián
yuán píng gōng yuán qián 74 nián héng gōng yuán qián 74 nián。
lì wéi tài zǐ
[
liú fú líng shì hàn wǔ dì de yòu zǐ， mǔ qīn wéi gōu yì fū rén zhào jié yú。 yóu yú“ lì tài zǐ” liú jù， yě jiù shì liú fú líng de gē gē， yīn wéi“ wū gǔ zhī huò” ér sǐ， yú shì hàn wǔ dì hòu yuán 'èr nián， yě jiù shì gōng yuán qián 87 nián zhī shí， bèi lì wéi tài zǐ， cǐ nián tā bā suì。
dēng shàng huáng wèi
tóng nián， hàn wǔ dì liú chè shì shì， bā suì tài zǐ liú fú líng dēng shàng liǎo dì wèi。 wǔ dì zài sǐ qián hài pà“ dì shàomǔ zhuàng”， jí dān xīn tài zǐ zhī mǔ zhào jié yú zhuān quán wù guó， yú shì chǔsǐ liǎo tā。 shòu yí zhào， xiǎo huáng dì yóu huò guāng、 jīn rì dī fǔ zhèng。 jí wèi dì 'èr nián（ qián ８ ６ nián）， gǎi yuán shǐ yuán。
fǔ chén zhēng quán
huò guāng fǔ zhèng yǐ lái， shǒu xiān yù dào de jiù shì zhè chǎng jī liè de zhèng zhì dǒu zhēng。 ér cù shǐ zhè chǎng dǒu zhēng qū xiàng bái rè huà de， shì yǔ huò guāng tóng shí fǔ zhèng de shàng guān jié， yǐ jí hàn wǔ dì zhī zǐ、 yàn wáng liú dàn yòu guān。 shàng guān jié wèile móu qǔ hàn cháo de zuì gāo quán lì， yǐ fù yú zhāo dì zhī zǐ hé cháng gōng zhù。 tā shǒu xiān bā jié gōng zhù zhī jìn xìng dīng wài rén， jí lì wéi dīng wài rén qiú guān jìn jué， dé dào gōng zhù de chǒng xìng， yǔ dīng wài rén、 gōng zhù děng jié chéng sǐ dǎng， ér hòu jìn yī bù tōng guò gōng zhù， jiāng qí nián yòu de sūn nǚ sòng rù gōng zhōng， fēng wéi jié yú， yì yù tōng guò gōng zhù hé sūn nǚ， lái qǔ dài huò guāng yǔ zhāo dì de dì wèi。 ér yàn wáng liú dàn， zé yīn cháng yú zhāo dì 'ér bù dé sì lì， xīn huái bù mǎn； lìng yī wèi fǔ zhèng dà chén、 yù shǐ dà fū sāng hóng yáng rèn wéi zài hàn wǔ dì shí qī zhì dìng guò yán tiě zhuān yíng de zhèng cè， shǐ guó jiā fù qiáng qǐ lái， gōng láo mò yǔ zhī bǐ， bù gān jū yú huò guāng zhī xià， suì chǎn shēng liǎo tuī fān xiàn zhèng quán， yóu tā yǔ shàng guān jié lái zhù zhèng de yù niàn， yǔ yàn wáng liú dàn gòu jié qǐ lái。 zhè jiù xíng chéng yǐ cháng gōng zhù hé yàn wáng liú dàn wéi shǒu de liǎng gǔ zhèng zhì shì lì。 tā men gū jì dào yǐ kào gè zì de shì lì hái bù zú yǐ tuī fān
zhāo dì shǐ yuán liù nián（ qián 80 nián）， shàng guān jié、 yàn wáng dàn děng rén jiā jǐn liǎo zhèng biàn de zhǔn bèi gōng zuò。 yàn wáng liú dàn jiāng duó qǔ dì wèi de dǔ zhù yā zài shàng guān jié shēn shàng， qián hòu pài qiǎn shí duō rén， dài liǎo dà pī jīn yín zhū bǎo， huì lù cháng gōng zhù、 shàng guān jié、 sāng hóng yáng děng rén， yǐ qiú zhī chí tā duó qǔ dì wèi。 tā men xí yòng“ qīng jūn cè” de gù jì， lìng rén yǐ yàn wáng dàn de míng yì shàng shū zhāo dì， niē zào shuō： huò guāng zhèng zài jiǎn yuè jīng dū bīng bèi， jīng dū fù jìn dào lù yǐ jīng jiè yán； huò guāng jiāng bèi xiōng nú kòu liú 19 nián de sū wǔ zhào hái jīng dū， rèn wéi diǎn shǔ guó， yì yù jiè qǔ xiōng nú bīng lì； huò guāng shàn zì diào dòng suǒ shǔ bīng lì。 suǒ yòu zhè xiē， shì wéi tuī fān zhāo dì， zì lì wéi dì。 bìng shēng chēng yàn wáng liú dàn wèile fáng zhǐ jiān chén biàn luàn， yào rù cháo sù wèi。 shàng guān jié qǐ tú děng dào huò guāng wài chū xiū jiǎ shí， jiāng zhè fēng zòu zhāng sòng dào zhāo dì shǒu zhōng， ér hòu zài yóu tā 'àn zhào zòu zhāng nèi róng lái xuān bù huò guāng de“ zuì zhuàng”， yóu sāng hóng yáng zǔ zhì cháo chén gòng tóng xié pò huò guāng tuì wèi， cóng 'ér fèi diào
tā men méi yòu xiǎng dào， dāng yàn wáng liú dàn de shū xìn dào dá
shàng guān jié děng rén de yīn móu bèi jiē chuān zhī hòu， jiù gān cuì chì bó shàng zhèn， zhǔn bèi fā dòng wǔ zhuāng zhèng biàn。 tā men jìhuà， yóu cháng gōng zhù shè yàn qǐng huò guāng， mìng mái fú de bīng shì jiāng huò guāng shā diào， fèi chú
huò guāng yǔ shàng guān jié、 yàn wáng dàn děng rén de dǒu zhēng， cóng xìng zhì shàng shuō， nǎi shì fēng jiàn guān liáo jí tuán yǐ jí zōng shì nèi bù zhēng duó tǒng zhì quán de dǒu zhēng， tā shì zōng shì nèi bù zhēng quán duó lì hé guān liáo jí tuán cháng qī hù xiāng qīngyà de zǒng bào fā。 huò guāng děng rén zài wǔ dì shí qī suī cháng qī chū rù gōng jìn， dàn réng shǔ cháo tíng zhōng mò mò wú wén de guān lì， tā men běn shēn méi yòu duō shǎo quán lì， gèng méi yòu duō shǎo cái fù， dài biǎo zhe dāng shí shè huì shàng zhōng xiǎo dì zhù de lì yì， zài yī dìng chéng dù shàng， tā men yě shòu dào liǎo dà dì zhù、 dà shāng rén de yā zhì， yīn 'ér， zhè jiù bù néng bù shǐ tā men yǔ dài biǎo dà dì zhù、 dà shāng rén lì yì zhě fā shēng jiān ruì de chōng tū。 cóng shuāng fāng dǒu zhēng de jiēguǒ lái kàn， shàng guān jié、 yàn wáng dàn de zhèng biàn bèi fěn suì， zhè yě shǐ hàn cháo zhōng hòu qī dà dì zhù、 dà shāng rén jiē céng zhěng tǐ lì yì shòu dào yī cì chén zhòng dǎ jī， cóng 'ér yòu lì yú yì zhì fǔ xiǔ shì lì de fā zhǎn， tuī dòng shè huì qián jìn。
yán tiě zhī yì
hàn wǔ dì zài zhèng cè shàng de zhuǎn biàn， duì yú wěn dìng hàn wáng cháo de tǒng zhì shì bì yào de， dàn tǒng zhì jí tuán nèi bù yì jiàn bìng bù yī zhì。 wǔ dì sǐ hòu， jì wèi de zhāo dì nián yòu， dà quán zhǎng wò zài huò guāng shǒu lǐ。 wèile bǎo zhèng“ yǔ mín xiū xī” zhèng cè de shí xíng， zhāo dì shǐ yuán liù nián（ qián 81） èr yuè xià zhào mìng chéngxiàng tián qiān qiū、 yù shǐ dà fū sāng hóng yáng zhào jí jùn guó suǒ jǔ xián liáng wén xué， xún wèn mín jiān jí kǔ suǒ zài。 xián liáng wén xué yǔ sāng hóng yáng yì jiàn bù yī， tā men jiù hàn wáng cháo de nèi wài zhèng cè jìn xíng liǎo biàn lùn。 zhè jiù shì yòu míng de yán tiě zhī yì。
zài yán tiě huì yì shàng， shuāng fāng biàn lùn de zhù yào nèi róng yòu： ① mín jiān jí kǔ de yuán yīn。 xián liáng wén xué rèn wéi mín jiān jí kǔ de gēn yuán zài yú guó jiā jīng yíng yán tiě děng jīng jì shì yè， tí chū fèi chú yán tiě、 jiǔ què、 jūn shū guān。 sāng hóng yáng fǎn duì zhè yī zhù zhāng， rèn wéi xīng yán tiě， shè jiǔ què， zhì jūn shū， kuò dà liǎo cái yuán， shì kàng jī xiōng nú， xiāo chú biān huàn de jīng fèi lái yuán。 ér qiě， zhè xiē zhèng cè biàn yú dǔsè háo qiáng dà jiā de jiān bìng zhī lù， yòu yì yú nóng mín。 yīn cǐ， tā jiān chí tuī xíng yán tiě guān yíng děng shì yè。 ② duì xiōng nú de zhèng cè。 xián liáng wén xué zhù zhāng yǎn bīng xiū shì， hòu bì hé qīn， qǐ tú yǐ kào dé zhèng de gǎn huà wéi chí hé qīn jú miàn。 sāng hóng yáng zé rèn wéi xiōng nú fǎn fù wú xìn， bù néng cǎi yòng dé zhèng gǎn huà， zhǐ yòu tōng guò zhàn zhēng cái néng zǔ zhǐ xiōng nú de qīn rǎo， bǎo zhèng hàn wáng cháo de 'ān quán。 tā qiáng diào wǔ dì duì xiōng nú de zhàn zhēng shì“ dāng shì zhī wù， hòu shì zhī lì”。 ③ guān yú shī zhèng fāng zhēn hé zhì guó de lǐ lùn sī xiǎng。 xián liáng wén xué xìn fèng rú jiā de rén yì xué shuō， zhù zhāng dé zhì， rèn wéi xíng rén zhèng jiù kě yǐ wú dí yú tiān xià。 tā men yī zài yǐn zhèng lì shǐ jiào xùn， pī pàn yán xíng jùn fǎ， zhǐ wéi wáng guó zhī dào， bǎ yán xíng jùn fǎ kàn zuò shì qín wáng cháo miè wáng de yuán yīn。 sāng hóng yáng yǐ fǎ jiā xué shuō zuò wéi zhǐ dǎo sī xiǎng， fǎn duì dé zhì， zhù zhāng fǎ zhì。 rèn wéi lìng shì jiào yù bǎi xìng de， fǎ shì dū chá jiān xié de， yòu liǎo yán xíng jùn fǎ， bǎi xìng jiù xiǎo xīn jǐn shèn， jiān xié zì rán zhǐ xī。 tā suǒ jiān chí de jīng jì zhèng cè hé zhì guó fāng fǎ dū yǔ fǎ jiā sī xiǎng xiāng lián xì。 cǐ wài， zhè cì huì yì shàng de biàn lùn hái shè jí nóng yè de jī běn zhèng cè， duì shè huì xiàn zhuàng de gū jì hé lún lǐ dào dé guān niàn de lǐ jiě， yǐ jí rú hé kàn dài gǔ yǔ jīn de guān xì děng wèn tí。 xī hàn huán kuān biān zhuàn de《 yán tiě lùn》 xiáng xì jìzǎi liǎo yán tiě zhī yì de qíng kuàng。
xián liáng wén xué shì lái zì shè huì xià céng de dì zhù jiē jí zhī shí fènzǐ， bǐ jiào tǐ chá shè huì shí kuàng。 tā men zài huò guāng de zhī chí xià yǔ sāng hóng yáng zhǎn kāi de biàn lùn， fǎn yìng liǎo tǒng zhì jiē jí nèi bù duì hàn wǔ dì wǎn nián yǐ hòu jīng jì hé zhèng zhì xíng shì de bù tóng rèn shí， yǐ jí yóu cǐ 'ér tí chū de bù tóng de zhì guó zhèng cè。 jīng guò zhè cì biàn lùn， jìn guǎn méi yòu fèi zhǐ yán tiě guān yíng hé píng zhǔn jūn shū fǎ， dàn sāng hóng yáng zài zhèng zhì shàng shòu dào yī dìng de cuò zhé， xián liáng wén xué huó yuè yī shí。 gēn jù xián liáng wén xué de yì jiàn tíng zhǐ liǎo jiǔ lèi zhuān mài。“ yǔ mín xiū xī” de zhèng cè jìn yī bù dé dào kěn dìng， duì zhāo dì、 xuān dì shí qī shè huì jīng jì de huī fù hé fā zhǎn chǎn shēng liǎo jī jí de yǐng xiǎng。
duǎn zàn yī shēng
yuán píng yuán nián， yě jiù shì gōng yuán qián 74 nián， nián jǐn 'èr shí yī suì de
shì hào
shì yuē“ xiào zhāo”， yì wéi shèng wén zhōu dá，
hòu fēi
huáng hòu shàng guān shì， yòu míng xiǎo mèi， shàng guān jié sūn nǚ， shàng guān 'ān zhī nǚ。 mǔ huò shì wéi huò guāng nǚ。 wǔ suì rù gōng， cì nián fēng huáng hòu， wú zǐ nǚ。
lì shǐ gōng jì
chéng gōng zhào kāi yán tiě huì yì， ràng hàn cháo mín shēng zhuàng kuàng tí shēng dào yòu yī gè gāo dàng cì。
hòu rén píng jià
bān gù
xī zhōu chéng yǐ rú zǐ jì tǒng， ér yòu guǎn、 cài sì guó liú yán zhī biàn。 xiào zhāo yòu nián jí wèi， yì yòu yàn、 hé、 shàng guān nì luàn zhī móu。 chéng wáng bù yí zhōu gōng， xiào zhāo wěi rèn huò guāng， gè yīn qí shí yǐ chéng míng， dà yǐ zāi！ chéng xiào wǔ shē chǐ yú bì shī lǚ zhī hòu， hǎi nèi xū hào， hù kǒu jiǎn bàn， guāng zhī shí wù zhī yào， qīng yáo bó fù， yǔ mín xiū xī。 zhì shǐ yuán、 yuán fèng zhī jiān， xiōng nú hé qīn， bǎi xìng chōng shí。 jǔ xián liáng、 wén xué， wèn mín suǒ jí kǔ， yì yán、 tiě 'ér bà què gū， zūn hào yuē“ zhāo”， bù yì yí hū！
héng héng《 hàn shū · zhāo dì jì》
guān yú líng qǐn
yóu yú zhāo dì tū rán fā bìng sǐ qù， zhè shǐ dé zhù guǎn dì líng yíng jiàn de guān yuán fēi cháng láng bèi， yīn wéi tā de líng mù hái méi yòu rèn zhēn yíng jiàn， yú shì gǎn kuài zū yòng liǎo sān wàn liàng niú chē， cóng wèi hé tān lā shā， gòu zhù dì xià mù shì。 cāng cù guī cāng cù， zhāo dì píng líng de suí zàng pǐn réng shì shí fēn fēng fù de。 dāng shí yóu huò guāng zhù chí zhāo dì sāngshì， mù shì zhōng jīn yín zhū yù， yīngyǒu jìn yòu。
[
píng líng zài mào líng dōng biān 12 lǐ， fēng tǔ duī gāo 29 mǐ。 píng líng líng yuán chéng zhèng fāng xíng， yuán qiáng biān cháng sān bǎi bā shí mǐ， sì miàn zhèng zhōng gè yòu jué mén， yǔ líng zhǒng xiāng duì。 xiàn dōng， nán 'èr mén jué yóu cún， mén jué chéng tiáo xíng， yòng bèn tǔ zhù chéng， bèn céng hòu wéi 6 zhì 8 lí mǐ。 líng yuán xī běi jiǎo yòu miàn jī jiào dà de jiàn zhù yí zhǐ， cán cún dà liàng hàn dài zhuān wǎ， hái yòu fāng xíng shā shí zhì zhù chǔ hé zhuān qì bā jiǎo xíng shuǐ jǐng， gū jì shì shǒu líng rén yuán de jū shì。
zhāo dì líng zhǒng wèi yú líng yuán zhèng zhōng， xíng rú fù dǒu， líng dǐng nèi shōu xíng chéng 'èr tái。 líng jī wéi zhèng fāng xíng， dǐ bù biān cháng 46.8 mǐ。 tā de dōng nán 665 mǐ chù shì zhāo dì shàng guān huáng hòu líng。 shàng guān huáng hòu shì huò guāng de wài sūn nǚ（ qián 87 héng qián 37）， tā suī guì wéi huáng hòu， qí shí yě hěn bù xìng。 tā 6 suì rù gōng dāng huáng hòu， 15 suì shí zhāo dì sǐ qù， cǐ hòu yī zhí bǐ jiào gū dú， yú 52 suì bìng sǐ， hé zàng píng líng。 kě néng shì yóu yú huò guāng de wèi gāo shì zhòng， tā de líng yuán bǐ zhāo dì líng yuán guī mó hái yào dà yī xiē， líng yuán biān cháng 420 mǐ（ zhāo dì líng yuán biān cháng wéi 370 mǐ）， líng yuán sì mén jù fēng tǔ duī jūn wéi 125 mǐ， fēng tǔ gāo 26.2 mǐ。
zài zhāo dì yǔ shàng guān huáng hòu de líng yuán zhōng jiān， yòu yī tiáo kuān 5 mǐ de dào lù， jiāng liǎng líng lián jiē qǐ lái。 kǎo gǔ gōng zuò zhě zài lù de liǎng cè fēn bié fā xiàn liǎo dōng xī xiàng pái liè de chéng zǔ yù qì， měi yī zǔ xiāng jù yuē 2 mǐ， jūn yóu yù bì hé yù guī zǔ hé 'ér chéng， měi zǔ dōushì zhōng jiān fàng yī méi yù bì， sì zhōu jūn yún wéi rào qī、 bā gè yù guī， guī jiān yī zhì cháo xiàng zhōng yāng de yù bì。 zhè xiē yù qì kěn dìng shì wéi dāng shí de jì sì 'ér mái。
píng líng líng yì wèi yú líng yuán dōng běi， jīn lǐ dū cūn、 páng cūn yī dài。《 hàn shū · xuān dì jì》 zài： běn shǐ yuán nián（ gōng yuán qián 73 nián） zhēngyuè， mù jùn guó lì mín zǐ bǎi wàn yǐ shàng xǐ píng líng， dì 'èr nián yòu“ yǐ shuǐ héng qián wéi píng líng， xǐ mín qǐ dì zhái”。 jīn zài líng yì yí zhǐ nèi fā xiàn dāng nián zhì gǔ、 zhì táo zuōfáng yí jì hé bù fēn jiàn zhù yí zhǐ， chū tǔ jiào duō yòu huǒ shāo hé jù guò hén jì de gǔ liào jí bǎn wǎ、 wǎ dāng、 cán táo qì、 tóng dǐng、 tiě huá、 jué、 lòu jiǎo、 bī tǔ děng、 yí zhǐ nèi hàn wǎ cán piàn bǐ bǐ jiē shì， fǔ shǒu kě shí。 yóu cǐ tuī cè， dāng nián líng yì nèi jiàn zhù bì shì zhì bǐ lín cì， xiāng dāng fán huá。
píng líng dōng nán shì
shēn hòu： fèi hūn lì míng
yuán fēng zhèng biàn hòu， huò guāng de quán shì yǐ jīng dá dào wú rén néng gòu zhì yuē de dì bù， chū xiàn liǎo huò shì wài qī jí tuán wán quán kòng zhì liǎo hán tíng nèi wài、 cháo yě shàng xià de jú miàn。 shì wú jù xì， quándōu chū yú huò shì。 huò guāng suī wú huáng dì zhī míng， yǐ xíng huáng dì zhī shí。
huò shì zhuān zhèng， lián zhāo dì gōng wéi mì shì yě yào shòu huò guāng kòng zhì。 xiǎo huáng dì liú fú líng shāo dà zhī hòu， jiù bèi huò guāng de zuǒ yòu qīn xìn céng céng bāo wéi fēng suǒ qǐ lái。 wài yòu huò guāng de liǎng gè nǚ xù dān rèn huáng gōng wèi wèi bǎo hù huáng dì de chū rù， nèi yòu huáng hòu héng héng huò guāng de wài sūn nǚ de jiān shì。 huáng gōng rén yuán dū shùn cóng huò guāng zhǐ yì， shèn zhì yú yǐ huáng dì tǐ ruò wéi lǐ yóu， shì yì yù yī men ràng huáng dì“ jìn nèi”， jìn zhǐ huáng dì qù bié de fēi pín zhù chù。 huò guāng hái guī dìng huáng gōng nèi suǒ yòu de nǚ réndōu bì xū chuān yòu qián hòu dǎng de kù zǐ， bù xǔ chuān qún， hái yào duō zhā jǐ gēn kù dài zǐ， yǐ miǎn nián qīng de huáng dì xìng yù chōng dòng， bǎo zhèng zhǐ yòu tā de wài sūn nǚ cái néng gòu yòu jī huì wéi zhāo dì shēng xià yī nán bàn nǚ， dì wèi de jì chéng rén yào yòu huò shì jiā zú de xuè tǒng。 yuán píng yuán nián（ qián 74） sì yuè， 21 suì de zhāo dì tū rán jià bēng， sǐ yīn bù míng， zhì jīn réng shì yī zhuāng mí 'àn， dàn yǐ zhǎo bù dào gēn jù。 zhāo dì zài dì wèi 13 nián， wú zǐ sì， yòu yīcháng huáng quán fèi lì de zhēng zhàn lā kāi liǎo wéi mù。
huò guāng fèng 16 suì huáng hòu（ huò guāng wài sūn nǚ） de zhào mìng， yíng lì wǔ dì sūn chāng yì wáng liú hè jì wèi， chāng yì wáng liú hè 'āi wáng liú bì zhī zǐ。 liú bì wéi wǔ dì chǒng fēi lǐ fū rén suǒ shēng，“ wū gǔ zhī huò” qián hòu hěn shòu wǔ dì chǒng 'ài， yī dù chéng wéi wǔ dì gēnghuàn tài zǐ de zuì jiā rén xuǎn。 lǐ fū rén bù xìng zǎo sǐ， wǔ dì sī niàn bù yǐ，“ tú huà qí xíng yú gān quán gōng”。 hòu lái yóu yú fū rén xiōng 'èr shī jiāng jūn lǐ guǎng lì yǔ chéngxiàng liú qū máo（ máo） mì móu qǐng lì chāng yì 'āi wáng liú bì wéi tài zǐ de yīn móu bài lù， liú qū máo bèi yāo zhǎn dōng shì， lǐ guǎng lì tóu jiàng xiōng nú， chāng yì 'āi wáng liú bì yīn cǐ shī chǒng。 liú bì sǐ hòu， liú hè jì sì wéi chāng yì wáng。
liú hè píng sù kuáng wàng fàng zòng， xíng wéi méi yòu jié zhì， zài wǔ dì sāngqī zhōng， tā réng jiù yóu liè bù zhǐ。 zhāo dì yīn wú zǐ cái yíng lì tā。 liù yuè， liú hè dào cháng 'ān， rù gōng jí dì wèi， zūn huáng hòu wéi huáng tài hòu。 ān zàng zhāo dì yú píng líng（ jīn shǎn xī xián yáng shì xī běi píng líng xiāng）。
liú hè jí wèi hòu míng wéi tiān zǐ， shì wéi kuǐ léi， wèile bǎi tuō huò guāng kòng zhì， jiù yǔ qí xīn fù mì móu chǎn chú huò guāng， yóu yú jī mì xiè lù， zài wèi qián hòu jǐn jǐn 27 tiān， jiù bèi huò guāng fèi diào liǎo， zuì míng shì“ xíng yín luàn”。 fèi chú liú hè zhī qián， huò guāng xiān yǔ tā de xīn fù mì mì jué dìng hòu， zhào jí qún chén zài wèi yāng gōng jù huì tǎo lùn。 dāng xuān bù yào fèi diào liú hè shí， dà chén men yī gè gè xià de mù dèng kǒu dāi， jīng huāng shī cuò， méi yòu yī gè rén gǎn shuō huà。 huò guāng de xīn fù tián yán nián 'àn jiàn 'ér chì：“ jīn tiān shuí bù biǎo tài jiù shā shuí！” yī biān shì dāo guāng jiàn yǐng de wēi bī， yī biān yòu shì huò guāng chéng huáng chéng kǒng de xiè zuì。 yú shì cān jiā tǎo lùn de réndōu kòu tóu shuō：“ fú cóng dàjiàng jūn de mìng lìng！” huò guāng yòu yǐ 16 suì de huáng tài hòu de míng yì， jiāng liú hè sòng huí chāng yì， biǎn wéi hǎi hūn hóu， cì gěi tā tānɡ mù yì 2000 hù， fēng guó bèi fèi， gǎi wéi shān yáng jùn。
qī yuè， huò guāng yòu yíng lì hàn wǔ dì zēngsūn liú bìng yǐ（ hòu gǎi míng liú xún） rù gōng jì chéng huáng wèi， tā jiù shì hàn xuān dì， zài lì shǐ shàng bèi chéng wéi“ zhōng xīng” de míng zhù。 huò guāng zhè yī“ fèi hūn lì míng” de jǔ cuò， fáng zhǐ xī hàn zhèng zhì fā shēng dòng luàn， bǎo zhèng liǎo shè huì zhì xù zhèng cháng fā zhǎn。
huáng hú gē
huáng hú fēi xī xià jiàn zhāng， yǔ sù sù xī xíng qiàng qiàng， jīn wéi yī xī jú wéi cháng；
shà dié hé xìng， chū rù jiān jiā； zì gù fěi bó， kuì 'ěr jiā xiáng。
yuán píng yuán nián chūn 'èr yuè， huáng hú xià tài yè chí， bā suì de
lín chí gē
qiū sù jǐn xī fàn hóng bō， huī qiànshǒu xī zhé jì hé。
liáng fēng qī qī yáng zhào gē， yún guāng shǔ kāi yuè dī hé。
Known to history as Frederick Ling Liu smarter and more aware since childhood, they grow tall and strong, Han popular pet. Liu was killed, according to the original Prince, Prince of position has been vacant. Han tomb to stand for the Prince Frederick Lau, to avoid repetition of the chaos Lu, easy 88 BC, his mother Zhao Jieyu Prince in the year. The following year, before the edict dying Han Liu Li Ling as Prince Vladimir, he was appointed Great General Huo Guang Sima Colonial larger.
Under the adjuvant Huo Guang, Liu Frederick Ling Liu Che succession late in enriching the policy internally kept taxes low, and the people a rest and, externally, with the Huns and the pro. Therefore, the tomb of Liu Vladimir world, "enrich the people, four Yibin service." If the day forged his years, Ling Liu Vladimir will greatly bright future. Unfortunately, 74 years BC, June 5 (the first year of the Chinese Yuan Ping on April Gui Wei), Liu Ling have not had time to develop their full Ephesians its bold vision, he died in Chang'an, the age of 21, buried pingling (now Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province 13 miles northwest), respect for posthumous Takaaki emperor. Emperor Zhao was no son, as heir after the Liu He.
In 87 BC, Liu Vladimir Ling came to the throne.
In 77 BC, Ling Liu Vladimir age of 18, began to reign.
Yuan began 86 years BC - BC 80 years
Established as a crown prince
Vladimir Han Ling Liu is the son, mother Mrs. Yi Zhao Jieyu hook. As the "brutal Prince" According to Liu, that is, Ling Liu Frederick's brother, as "Witchcraft," died, then Emperor, Empress yuan two years, that is, when 87 years BC, was set up as a prince, this In his year-old.
Fu-chen power struggle
HUO Guang Colonial since the first encounter is this fierce political struggle. The trend prompted intense struggle, is also Colonial's Shangguan Jie Huo Guang, and the son of Han, Yan Wang Liu Dan related. Shangguan Jie Han dynasty to seek the highest power, dependent on the percent of the Japanese sample Chiu Tai Long Princess. He first curry favor with the Princess of foreigners in recent Fortunately, the small, strong demand for the small outsiders into the official Jazz, get the Princess of ceremonies, and small outsiders, Princess Margaret and others formed buddies, and then further by the princess, the granddaughter of its young into the palace, labeled Ban Jieyu, intended by the princess and granddaughter, to replace the status of Huo Guang and Zhao emperor. Liu and Yan Wang Dan, and not due to longer than the Emperor Zhao Sili, disaffected; another Colonial Minister, royal doctor Emperor Wudi of the Han in the development that had salt-monopoly policy, the country rich and strong, power Laomo contrast ratio, Huo Guang unwilling to live under, and thus the overthrow of the regime, by him to the helm of the desires and Shangguan Jie, Liu Yan Wang Dan collaborated with them. This form a Princess and Yan Wang Liu Dan political forces, led by two shares. They estimated that rely on their own forces is not enough to overthrow the Emperor Zhao of Han, had a temporary joint. In accordance with the plan Shangguan Jie, Liu Yan Wang Dan first use of the identity of a coup, after the success of the coup, and then remove Yan Wang Dan, who come to grasp the royal government. This being a political group together naturally point the finger at the first hamper them to seize power Huo Guang.
Salt of the proposed
Emperor Zhao of Han, the central government held a government run by the salt caused the problem related to the national policy debate. Liu Che Han Emperor Wudi in Yuanshou years, only use others to develop and implement a series of new economic policies, such as the unified currency, salt and alcohol government-run, the implementation of all transportation stabilization, calculating the Estimation of cord, etc. Although this ample of the feudal state of finances, for the Emperor's Wenzhiwugong laid the economic foundation. However, with the development of agricultural production, the growing phenomenon of acute land acquisition, farmers increasingly heavy burden. Salt and other policies on official business, such as iron bitter evil, unfair prices, official in charge of waste law, self-serving, forced recruitment of peasants smelting iron, salt, etc., have a direct and harming farmers, peasants and the feudal state exacerbated the conflict between resulted in farmers increasing the resistance struggle. And rely on salt and other government-run fiscal policy amassed goods, unable to maintain long-term consumption of the war. Therefore, to Emperor Wu old age, is "at home and wasted, accounts halved." On the other hand, year after year through the Han dynasty attack, Hun forces greatly weakened, easing trouble on the frontier. These objective conditions to promote the policy of Emperor Wu of significant change in old age. Sign, and four years (before 89) Emperor in the edict that the ban after service in the harsh storms, may not be arbitrarily Hing Taxes and should be committed to farming. To some extent restored the Han Dynasty's "rest with the people" policy.
In the salt the meeting, both the main content of the debate are: ① the reasons for sufferings of the people. Elite Literature that the sufferings of the people is the source of salt and other state-run economic enterprises, proposed abolition of salt, wine Yao, officials are lost. Emperor Wudi opposed to the idea that Hing salt, set wine Yao, home are lost, and expanded financial resources, is to fight the Huns, to eliminate sources of funding for trouble on the frontier. Moreover, these policies easy to plug the despotic all the way mergers beneficial to farmers. Therefore, he insisted on official business and other undertakings salt. ② The Hun policy. Elite Literature advocate Yan Bing Hughes, thick coins and pro, try to rely on benevolent rule of probation to maintain and pro situation. Emperor Wudi is that no letter repeated the Huns, not with benevolent influence, only through war can stop the harassment of the Huns, to ensure the safety of the Han Dynasty. He stressed that the Emperor's war on the Hun "When the world of services, to benefit from future generations." ③ On the theory of governance policies and ideas. Elite Literature profess Confucian virtue theory, advocates of virtue that the line can be invincible benevolent. They have repeatedly cited the lessons of history, criticism draconian laws that for the subjugation of the Road, the introduction of draconian measures as reasons for the Qin dynasty. Emperor Wudi to Legalism as a guiding principle, opposed to virtue, claim the rule of law. People think that education, the law is Inspector treacherous, and with draconian laws, people would care, treacherous natural stop. He insisted the country's economic policies and methods associated with Legalism. In addition, the conference debate also involves the basic policy of agriculture, the social status of the estimates and the understanding of ethical concepts, and how to look at the relationship between ancient and current issues. Huan Kuan Han compiled the "Salt and Iron" documented the salt of the proposed situation.
Yuan-ping the first year, that is, 74 years BC, only 21-year-old Emperor Zhao of Han on April Guiwei spring, died in Weiyang Palace. Just thirteen years in office.
Empress
Emperor Zhao of Han had been pursued during the reign of Emperor Wu of old age "to rest the public interest" policy, the people rich, all four alien allegiance Han, kowtow. For "Zhao Xuansheng World" laid the foundation of the Han dynasty ushered in a Golden Age.
Ban Gu
On the mausoleum
Emperor Zhao of Han Liu Ling pingling Front
In the Zhao Mausoleum Emperor and Empress Shangguan the middle, there is a 5 meters wide and the road linking the two tomb. Archaeologists on both sides of the road east to west were found arranged in groups of jade, each group of about two meters away, by Yu and Yu-Gui a combination of wall, each is placed a jade in the middle, surrounded by uniform around seven or eight Yu Gui, Gui Yu tip line towards the central wall. The jade is definitely for the sacrifice and was buried.
Behind: Waste faint Li-Ming
Huo Guang Feng 16-year-old Queen (Huo Guang granddaughter) of Zhao Ming, Wang Ying-Li Wu Di Sunchang Yi Liu He succeeded to the throne, Changyi Wang Liu Liu thigh He Silla son. Emperor Wu of Chong Fei Liu thigh was born to Ms. Li, "Witchcraft" before and after the Emperor popular favorite, Emperor Wu became the best candidate to replace Prince. Mrs Lee unfortunate early death, Emperor miss endless, "drawing the line at the Oasis Temple." Later, as his wife, General Li Guangli and the prime minister brother Er Shi Liu Qu Yak (máo) conspiracy to please stand for the Prince Changyi Silla Liu thigh conspiracy brought to light, Liu Qu tail was cut in Taitung City, Li Guangli surrender Hun, Changyi Silla Liu thigh so out of favor. Liu thigh after his death, Liu He Jisi to Changyi king.
July, Huo Guang another great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han Ying Li Liu sickness (later renamed Liu Xun) palace inherit the throne, he is the Han Emperor in history known as "Boom" of the next primary. Huo Guang this "waste faint stand out" initiative, to prevent the political turmoil in the Western Han Dynasty, to ensure the normal development of the social order.
Huang Fei Hu Xi Chapter, under construction, Yu Su-Su-Xi-line stagger stagger, Xi Ju Kim for the clothing for the Couture;
Lin Chi Song
Emperor Zhao of Han Yu Yu Lin Chi, as a "cream Pond Song" palace life of people singing, plus one, "Long live the music Qi cloud over."
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