| 陵墓： | 今河北省平山縣三汲公社 | ||||||
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1978年，於中國河北省平山縣三汲公社之中山王墓中，出土三件青銅器。依據中山王Cuo方壺銘文記載，中山Cuo十四年，相邦司馬賙統率三軍參與攻殺子之之役。此時間應為齊宣王六年。
生平
前328年，中山成公去世，其子Cuo繼承君位，年齡大約為16歲左右。明年（前327年）為王Cuo元年，為中山國歷代君主中少數可確定其紀年的君主。
名字寫法
稱王
中山國在此之前大致上是依靠著齊國，以對抗趙國的侵略。
在王Cuo五年（前323年），魏國公孫衍為了對抗斉、秦、楚三大強國，發起魏、韓、趙、燕、中山“五國相王”，互相稱王，並互相承認雙方王號。此時齊威王對千乘之國中山國稱王感到不滿，對外宣稱“我萬乘大國對與千乘之國中山同為王感到羞恥，因此願和各大國共同討伐中山，以廢除他的王號”想割平邑（今河北省南樂縣東北）賄賂燕、趙等國，出兵攻打中山。
中山相藍諸君得知此事，與張登一同討論，確立了應付齊國的方法。王Cuo得知後感到驚恐，急忘召見大臣張登。張登請求多準備車馬和幣帛，以便讓他去見齊國相邦田嬰。於是王Cuo答應，並派他去齊國。張登到齊國後遊說田嬰召見中山君主，並認承其王位以讓中山事奉齊國。田嬰采納此建議，召見中山王到齊國。王Cuo派張登出使至魏、趙兩國遊說：“齊國召請中山王並許他稱王，是想徵用中山的兵力以便攻打魏國的河東。貴國不如先讓中山稱王，以阻止齊王與中山王的會晤。”魏、趙兩國接受此項建議，承認中山的王號並與他建交，中山與齊國的關係也告終。
王Cuo稱王後，追述其祖中山桓公為桓王，父中山成公為成王。
立後
司馬喜三世任中山相邦，而中山王的寵妃陰姬很討厭他，說客田簡勸他說：“把陰姬的美貌告訴趙國使者，趙王得知，必定要她。假如把他送給趙國，在朝中就無人對你不利；假如君王不肯，那閣下就勸君王立她為後，從此她就會對閣下你感恩不盡。”此時陰姬和江姬皆設法成為王後，司馬喜對陰姬父親推薦由他來謀畫此事。之後，中山王派遺司馬喜出使趙國，在一次宴會中，司馬喜趁此大力贊美陰姬的美貌，使趙武靈王對她感到興趣，準備派使者去要。司馬喜回國後，將此事告訴中山王，並趁機勸說立陰姬為王後以讓趙王死心。中山王逐立陰姬為王後，趙國也不再提起此事。
伐燕
王Cuo十年（前318年），燕王噲將王位讓給相邦子之，讓子之執掌燕國軍政大權。此舉引起了太子平等舊貴族的不服，在王Cuo十四年（前314年）時起兵攻擊子之，燕國陷入內亂，齊國趁機侵略，並攻下燕國首都，燕國幾乎亡國，中山王Cuo見此時機，派遺相邦司馬喜（銘文作司馬賙）伐燕，奪取了燕國幾十座城，數百裏的土地，並將取得的銅器重新鑄造了鐵足大鼎和夔竜紋方壺，在上面銘刻長篇銘文來頌揚中山王Cuo和司馬喜的功績。之後，藉著田獵的機會，親自巡示新徵服的領土。
在約前310年左右，王Cuo去世，年齡約35歲左右，由太子中山王(妾子)????即位。三年後，趙武靈王開始侵略中山國。十四年後，中山國滅亡。
在世年
方壺銘文記載“惟十四年……今餘方壯”，《禮記．麯禮上》“三十曰壯，有室”，以此知王Cuo十四年時，至少滿三十歲。由鼎、方壺的作器年代上推十四年，元年應為前327年。接逾年改元例，王Cuo繼位時間應在前328年。鼎銘文“先王成考，早棄群臣，寡人幼童，未通智”，《禮記．麯禮上》“人生十年曰幼學，二十弱冠”，可知十至十九歲均為幼學階段，此時王Cuo約為16歲左右，約出生於前344年左右。
趙國伐中山為前307年以後，銘文並無中山遭遇嚴重外患的記載，因此去世年應在前308年以前。
銘文
惟十四年中山王Cuo作鼎，於銘曰：鳴呼語不悖哉！寡人聞之，與其溺於人也，寧溺於淵。昔者燕君子噲，，睿弇夫悟，長為人宗，見於天下之物矣，猶迷惑於子之而亡其邦，為天下僇，而況纔於少君乎？昔者，吾先考成王早棄君臣，寡人幼童未通智，惟傅姆是從。天降休命於朕邦，有厥忠臣賙（即司馬喜），剋順剋俾，亡不率仁，敬順天德，以左右寡人。使知社稷之任，臣宗之義，夙夜不懈，以誘導寡人。今餘方壯，知天若否，論其德，省其行，亡不順道，考度惟型。鳴呼欣哉！社稷其庶乎！厥業載祗。寡人聞之，事少如長，事愚如智，此易言而難行也。非信與忠，其誰能之？其誰能之？惟吾老賙是剋行之。鳴呼攸哉！天其有刑，於在厥邦。是以寡人倞任之邦，而去之遊，亡懅惕之慮。昔者，吾先祖桓王，昭考成王，身勤社稷，行四方以憂勞邦傢。今吾老賙親率三軍之衆，以徵不義之邦，奮枹振鐸，闢啓封疆，方數百裏，列城數十，剋敵大邦。寡人庸其德，嘉其力，是以賜之厥命。雖有死[自／辛]及三世亡不赦，以明其德，庸其功。吾老賙奔走不聽命，寡人懼其忽然不可得，憚憚[忄業][忄業]，恐損社稷之光，是以寡許之謀慮皆從，剋有功，智也。詒死[自／辛]之有赦，知為人臣之義也。鳴呼，念之哉！後人其庸庸之，毋忘爾邦。昔者吳人並越，越人修教備信，五年覆吳，剋並之至於今。爾毋大而肆，毋富而驕，毋衆而囂，鄰邦難親。仇人在旁。鳴呼，念之哉！子子孫孫，永定保之，毋替厥邦。（中山王Cuo鼎）
惟十四年中山王Cuo命相邦賙擇燕吉金，鑄為彝壷，節於禋斉，可法可尚，以饗上帝，以祀先王。穆穆濟濟，嚴敬不敢怠荒。因載所美，昭蔡皇功，詆燕之訛，以憼嗣王。惟朕皇祖文、武、桓祖成考，是有純徳，遺訓以施其子孫，用惟朕所仿，慈孝宣恵，舉賢使能，天不斁其有忨，使得賢才良佐賙，以輔相厥身。休知其忠信也，而尃任之邦，是以遊夕飲飼，寧有懅惕？賙竭志盡忠，以左右厥闢，不貳其心，受任之佐邦，夙夜匪懈，進賢措能，亡有[車商／牛]息，以明闢光。敵曹燕君子噲，不辨大義，不忌諸侯，而臣宗易位，以內絶召公之業，乏其先王之祭祀；外之則將使上覲於天子之廟，而退與諸侯齒長於會同，則上逆於天，下不順於人也，寡人非之。賙曰：‘為人臣而反臣其宗，不祥莫大焉。將與吾君替立於世，齒長於會同，則臣不忍見也。賙願從在大夫，以靖燕疆。是以身蒙臯胄，以誅不順。燕故君子噲，新君子之，不用禮義，不辨逆順，故邦亡身死，曾亡一夫之救，遂定君臣之位，上下之體，休有成功，刱闢封疆。天子不忘其有勳，使其策賞仲父，諸侯皆賀。夫古之聖王務在得賢，其即得民。故辭禮敬則賢人至，博愛深則賢人親，作斂中則庶民附。’鳴呼！允哉若言，明蔡之於壷而時觀焉。祗祗翼，昭告後嗣，惟逆生禍，惟順生福，載之簡策，以戒嗣王。惟徳附民，惟義可長，子之子，孫之孫，其永保用亡疆。（中山王Cuo方壷）
胤嗣妾次敢明揚告：昔者先王慈愛迫媚，篤胄亡疆，日夜不忘大去刑罰，以憂厥民之罹不辜。又得賢佐司馬賙，而重任之邦。逢燕無道易上，子之大辟不義，反臣其宗。惟司馬賙齗諤僤怒，不能寧處，率師徵燕，大辟邦宇，方數百裏，惟邦之幹。惟朕先王，茅蒐田獵於彼新土，其會如林。馭右和同，四牡汸汸，以取鮮[蒿／土]，饗祀先王，德行盛皇，隱[彳兔]先王。鳴呼！先王之德弗可復得，霖霖流涕，不敢寧處，敬命新地，禴祠先王，世世毋忘，以追庸先王之功烈，子子孫孫，毋有不敬，寅祗蒸祀。（[妾子][次／]壷）
十三年左使車、嗇夫孫固、工[目／立]。重一石三百卅九刀之重。（[妾子][次／]壷）
父親: 中山成公
妻妾
* 陰姬
* 江姬
子女
* 中山王(妾子)????
328 years ago, Nakayama public death, his son inherited the throne Cuo, aged about 16 years old. Next year (327 years) for the first year of King Cuo for Zhongshan ancient monarch of the few to determine the dating of the monarch.
Zhongshan, before largely depend on the state of Qi, to counter the aggression of Zhao.
Wang Cuo king, the recount of its ancestors for the Zhongshan Huan Huan Wang, the parent company to become king Nakayama.
Cutting Yan
Living in
Inscription
However, 14 years Zhongshan Wang Cuo for Ding, Yu-ming said: Ming calls language is not incompatible with zai! Gua Ren heard of it, with addicted people, rather addicted Yuan. Formerly, Yanjun Zi Kuai,, Rui trap husband Gordon, a long man cases seen Tianxiazhiwu men, and still confuse the child died in his state, for the Slaughter of the world, but only on condition Siu Kwan Down? Formerly, I adopted first jumped into the early king monarch and his subjects, young children not pass Gua Ren Zhi, but Fu Farm is. Hugh lives in heaven I state, there Jue loyal possess to (that is, Sima hi), g Schunk to serve, not death rates Yan, Jing Shun Tak, to about Gua Ren. Sajik the office to know, minister of justice cases, I am most grateful to induce Gua Ren. Yu Fang Zhuang this, know that day if not, on its German province of its line, death does not take the opportunity, but type examination degrees. Ming Hu Kinya! Sajik the Shu almost! Jue payload only. Gua Ren heard of it, little things such as long, something stupid, such as Chile, this line is also easily made and difficult. Non-letter and loyalty, its who they are? The Who of? But I possess to be g-line of the old. Minghuyouzai! Days, he has a criminal, at the Jue Bang. Gua Ren Liang Ren is the state, away of the tour, death Ju Ti ease. Formerly, my ancestors Huan Wang, Chao-Cheng Wang examination, body handling Sajik, Odyssey to worry Rabong home. Jinwu old armed forces possess to personally led the public to levy unjust state, Fen Zhenduo serrata, a border provision of Kai, Fang several hundred years, dozens of Leh, Conquering the enemy and big states. Its de Gua Ren Yong, Jia its power, life is a gift falls. Although the death of [self / Sim] and III are not forgiven death, to clear its moral, Yong its power. I do not obey the old possess to run, its suddenly not available Gua Ren fear, fear fear [Xin industry] [Xin industry], fear of loss Sajik light, is a few are from the Promised for strategy, grams active, intellectual also. Yi-death [from / Sim] for pardons, known as the ministers of righteousness. Ming Hu, and read the zai! Descendants of the Yong Yong, Raymond not forgotten. Formerly, Wu and more people, the more people prepared to teach the letter amendment, five years covered Wu, g and matter to this. Seoul not large and wantonly, not rich and arrogant, but no public clamor, neighbors, relatives difficult. Enemies in the side. Ming Hu, and read the zai! Children and grandchildren, Yongding protection of, not for Jue Bang. (Zhongshan Wang Cuo Ding)
However, 14 states in Zhongshan Wang Cuo fortune tellers and possess to choose Yan Ji Jin, Zhu Yi Hu as, section on sacrifice Qi, may still be law, to satisfy God, Yi Si kings. Mu Mu Economy, Trade and Economy, Trade, serious shortage of respect not relent. That contain the United States, Tsai Huang Chao Gong, Yan of false slander, to Jing Si-wang. But I Huang Zu, Wen, Wu, Huan ancestors into examination, there is a pure Tokushima, teachings to Shiqi Zi Sun, but I have to use imitation, Ci Xiaoxuan from teacher, the virtuous to make energy, and he has not Yi Wan, possess to make more capable NUTRITION to secondary phase Jue body. Hugh know these faithful also, and specialist, single office of the state, is fed swim evening drink, rather a Ju Ti? Possess to exhaust Chi loyal to the provision of about Jue, no Er his heart, by any of the Zuobang, unremittingly, Jinxian measures can, t have [car dealer / cow] means to specify the provision of light. Enemy Cao Yanjun child Kuai not distinguish cause, do not avoid princes, and Chen were translocation, must call the public within the industry, lack of worship of their kings; outside the will of the emperor on the Kun Temple, deflected and princes SHIKA longer than together, the Shangni in the day, the next ring true to people, non of Gua Ren. Possess to say: 'To the ministers and their case against Robinson, ominous itself a remarkable achievement. Will stand for the World Wu Jun, SHIKA longer together, the minister could not bear to see too. Possess to like from the doctor, to Jing Yan Jiang. Meng Gao helmet body is to punish not ring true. So gentlemen Kuai Yan, new gentleman, not righteousness, does not distinguish Nishun, so state death his death had killed one husband of the rescue, then be monarch and officials of the place, up and down the body, closed with success, Chuang provision of a border. The emperor did not forget he has a hoon, to Zhong Fu reward policy, princes are HE. The sage old husband works in the virtuous, the people that have. It is worthy homage to the resignation, love is worthy of deep affinity, for convergence of the common people attached. 'Ming Hu! Yun Zai, if made, Ming Cai Yan in Hu and when the concept. Only as long as wing, told the heirs, but against the evil of Health, but Shun Sheng-Fu, Jane set out in policy, to quit Si-wang. However, Tokushima attached to people, but justice can be long, son of the son, and grandson of the Sun, its Holding on Xinjiang with the death. (Zhongshan Wang Cuo side Hu)
Wives
Child
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