| 陵墓： | 今河北省平山县三汲公社 | ||||||
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1978年，于中国河北省平山县三汲公社之中山王墓中，出土三件青铜器。依据中山王Cuo方壶铭文记载，中山Cuo十四年，相邦司马赒统率三军参与攻杀子之之役。此时间应为齐宣王六年。
生平
前328年，中山成公去世，其子Cuo继承君位，年龄大约为16岁左右。明年（前327年）为王Cuo元年，为中山国历代君主中少数可确定其纪年的君主。
名字写法
称王
中山国在此之前大致上是依靠著齐国，以对抗赵国的侵略。
在王Cuo五年（前323年），魏国公孙衍为了对抗斉、秦、楚三大强国，发起魏、韩、赵、燕、中山“五国相王”，互相称王，并互相承认双方王号。此时齐威王对千乘之国中山国称王感到不满，对外宣称“我万乘大国对与千乘之国中山同为王感到羞耻，因此愿和各大国共同讨伐中山，以废除他的王号”想割平邑（今河北省南楽县东北）贿赂燕、赵等国，出兵攻打中山。
中山相蓝诸君得知此事，与张登一同讨论，确立了应付齐国的方法。王Cuo得知后感到惊恐，急忘召见大臣张登。张登请求多准备车马和币帛，以便让他去见齐国相邦田婴。于是王Cuo答应，并派他去齐国。张登到齐国后游说田婴召见中山君主，并认承其王位以让中山事奉齐国。田婴采纳此建议，召见中山王到齐国。王Cuo派张登出使至魏、赵两国游说：“齐国召请中山王并许他称王，是想征用中山的兵力以便攻打魏国的河东。贵国不如先让中山称王，以阻止齐王与中山王的会晤。”魏、赵两国接受此项建议，承认中山的王号并与他建交，中山与齐国的关系也告终。
王Cuo称王后，追述其祖中山桓公为桓王，父中山成公为成王。
立后
司马喜三世任中山相邦，而中山王的宠妃阴姬很讨厌他，说客田简劝他说：“把阴姬的美貌告诉赵国使者，赵王得知，必定要她。假如把他送给赵国，在朝中就无人对你不利；假如君王不肯，那阁下就劝君王立她为后，从此她就会对阁下你感恩不尽。”此时阴姬和江姬皆设法成为王后，司马喜对阴姬父亲推荐由他来谋画此事。之后，中山王派遗司马喜出使赵国，在一次宴会中，司马喜趁此大力赞美阴姬的美貌，使赵武灵王对她感到兴趣，准备派使者去要。司马喜回国后，将此事告诉中山王，并趁机劝说立阴姬为王后以让赵王死心。中山王逐立阴姬为王后，赵国也不再提起此事。
伐燕
王Cuo十年（前318年），燕王哙将王位让给相邦子之，让子之执掌燕国军政大权。此举引起了太子平等旧贵族的不服，在王Cuo十四年（前314年）时起兵攻击子之，燕国陷入内乱，齐国趁机侵略，并攻下燕国首都，燕国几乎亡国，中山王Cuo见此时机，派遗相邦司马喜（铭文作司马赒）伐燕，夺取了燕国几十座城，数百里的土地，并将取得的铜器重新铸造了铁足大鼎和夔龙纹方壶，在上面铭刻长篇铭文来颂扬中山王Cuo和司马喜的功绩。之后，藉著田猎的机会，亲自巡示新征服的领土。
在约前310年左右，王Cuo去世，年龄约35岁左右，由太子中山王(妾子)????即位。三年后，赵武灵王开始侵略中山国。十四年后，中山国灭亡。
在世年
方壶铭文记载“惟十四年……今余方壮”，《礼记．曲礼上》“三十曰壮，有室”，以此知王Cuo十四年时，至少满三十岁。由鼎、方壶的作器年代上推十四年，元年应为前327年。接逾年改元例，王Cuo继位时间应在前328年。鼎铭文“先王成考，早弃群臣，寡人幼童，未通智”，《礼记．曲礼上》“人生十年曰幼学，二十弱冠”，可知十至十九岁均为幼学阶段，此时王Cuo约为16岁左右，约出生于前344年左右。
赵国伐中山为前307年以后，铭文并无中山遭遇严重外患的记载，因此去世年应在前308年以前。
铭文
惟十四年中山王Cuo作鼎，于铭曰：鸣呼语不悖哉！寡人闻之，与其溺于人也，宁溺于渊。昔者燕君子哙，，睿弇夫悟，长为人宗，见于天下之物矣，犹迷惑于子之而亡其邦，为天下僇，而况才于少君乎？昔者，吾先考成王早弃君臣，寡人幼童未通智，惟傅姆是从。天降休命于朕邦，有厥忠臣赒（即司马喜），克顺克俾，亡不率仁，敬顺天德，以左右寡人。使知社稷之任，臣宗之义，夙夜不懈，以诱导寡人。今余方壮，知天若否，论其德，省其行，亡不顺道，考度惟型。鸣呼欣哉！社稷其庶乎！厥业载祗。寡人闻之，事少如长，事愚如智，此易言而难行也。非信与忠，其谁能之？其谁能之？惟吾老赒是克行之。鸣呼攸哉！天其有刑，于在厥邦。是以寡人倞任之邦，而去之游，亡懅惕之虑。昔者，吾先祖桓王，昭考成王，身勤社稷，行四方以忧劳邦家。今吾老赒亲率三军之众，以征不义之邦，奋枹振铎，辟启封疆，方数百里，列城数十，克敌大邦。寡人庸其德，嘉其力，是以赐之厥命。虽有死[自／辛]及三世亡不赦，以明其德，庸其功。吾老赒奔走不听命，寡人惧其忽然不可得，惮惮[忄业][忄业]，恐损社稷之光，是以寡许之谋虑皆从，克有功，智也。诒死[自／辛]之有赦，知为人臣之义也。鸣呼，念之哉！后人其庸庸之，毋忘尔邦。昔者吴人并越，越人修教备信，五年覆吴，克并之至于今。尔毋大而肆，毋富而骄，毋众而嚣，邻邦难亲。仇人在旁。鸣呼，念之哉！子子孙孙，永定保之，毋替厥邦。（中山王Cuo鼎）
惟十四年中山王Cuo命相邦赒择燕吉金，鋳为彝壷，节于禋斉，可法可尚，以飨上帝，以祀先王。穆穆済済，严敬不敢怠荒。因载所美，昭蔡皇功，诋燕之讹，以憼嗣王。惟朕皇祖文、武、桓祖成考，是有纯徳，遗训以施其子孙，用惟朕所仿，慈孝宣恵，举贤使能，天不斁其有忨，使得贤才良佐赒，以辅相厥身。休知其忠信也，而尃任之邦，是以游夕饮饲，宁有懅惕？赒竭志尽忠，以左右厥辟，不弐其心，受任之佐邦，夙夜匪懈，进贤措能，亡有[车商／牛]息，以明辟光。敌曹燕君子哙，不辨大义，不忌诸侯，而臣宗易位，以内绝召公之业，乏其先王之祭祀；外之则将使上觐于天子之庙，而退与诸侯歯长于会同，则上逆于天，下不顺于人也，寡人非之。赒曰：‘为人臣而反臣其宗，不祥莫大焉。将与吾君替立于世，歯长于会同，则臣不忍见也。赒愿从在大夫，以靖燕疆。是以身蒙皋胄，以诛不顺。燕故君子哙，新君子之，不用礼义，不辨逆顺，故邦亡身死，曾亡一夫之救，遂定君臣之位，上下之体，休有成功，刱辟封疆。天子不忘其有勋，使其策赏仲父，诸侯皆贺。夫古之圣王务在得贤，其即得民。故辞礼敬则贤人至，博爱深则贤人亲，作敛中则庶民附。’鸣呼！允哉若言，明蔡之于壷而时观焉。祗祗翼，昭告后嗣，惟逆生祸，惟顺生福，载之简策，以戒嗣王。惟徳附民，惟义可长，子之子，孙之孙，其永保用亡疆。（中山王Cuo方壷）
胤嗣妾次敢明扬告：昔者先王慈爱迫媚，笃胄亡疆，日夜不忘大去刑罚，以忧厥民之罹不辜。又得贤佐司马赒，而重任之邦。逢燕无道易上，子之大辟不义，反臣其宗。惟司马赒龂谔僤怒，不能宁处，率师征燕，大辟邦宇，方数百里，惟邦之干。惟朕先王，茅蒐田猎于彼新土，其会如林。驭右和同，四牡汸汸，以取鲜[蒿／土]，飨祀先王，德行盛皇，隐[彳兔]先王。鸣呼！先王之德弗可复得，霖霖流涕，不敢宁处，敬命新地，禴祠先王，世世毋忘，以追庸先王之功烈，子子孙孙，毋有不敬，寅祗蒸祀。（[妾子][次／虫]壷）
十三年左使车、啬夫孙固、工[目／立]。重一石三百卅九刀之重。（[妾子][次／虫]壷）
父亲: 中山成公
妻妾
* 阴姬
* 江姬
子女
* 中山王(妾子)????
328 years ago, Nakayama public death, his son inherited the throne Cuo, aged about 16 years old. Next year (327 years) for the first year of King Cuo for Zhongshan ancient monarch of the few to determine the dating of the monarch.
Zhongshan, before largely depend on the state of Qi, to counter the aggression of Zhao.
Wang Cuo king, the recount of its ancestors for the Zhongshan Huan Huan Wang, the parent company to become king Nakayama.
Cutting Yan
Living in
Inscription
However, 14 years Zhongshan Wang Cuo for Ding, Yu-ming said: Ming calls language is not incompatible with zai! Gua Ren heard of it, with addicted people, rather addicted Yuan. Formerly, Yanjun Zi Kuai,, Rui trap husband Gordon, a long man cases seen Tianxiazhiwu men, and still confuse the child died in his state, for the Slaughter of the world, but only on condition Siu Kwan Down? Formerly, I adopted first jumped into the early king monarch and his subjects, young children not pass Gua Ren Zhi, but Fu Farm is. Hugh lives in heaven I state, there Jue loyal possess to (that is, Sima hi), g Schunk to serve, not death rates Yan, Jing Shun Tak, to about Gua Ren. Sajik the office to know, minister of justice cases, I am most grateful to induce Gua Ren. Yu Fang Zhuang this, know that day if not, on its German province of its line, death does not take the opportunity, but type examination degrees. Ming Hu Kinya! Sajik the Shu almost! Jue payload only. Gua Ren heard of it, little things such as long, something stupid, such as Chile, this line is also easily made and difficult. Non-letter and loyalty, its who they are? The Who of? But I possess to be g-line of the old. Minghuyouzai! Days, he has a criminal, at the Jue Bang. Gua Ren Liang Ren is the state, away of the tour, death Ju Ti ease. Formerly, my ancestors Huan Wang, Chao-Cheng Wang examination, body handling Sajik, Odyssey to worry Rabong home. Jinwu old armed forces possess to personally led the public to levy unjust state, Fen Zhenduo serrata, a border provision of Kai, Fang several hundred years, dozens of Leh, Conquering the enemy and big states. Its de Gua Ren Yong, Jia its power, life is a gift falls. Although the death of [self / Sim] and III are not forgiven death, to clear its moral, Yong its power. I do not obey the old possess to run, its suddenly not available Gua Ren fear, fear fear [Xin industry] [Xin industry], fear of loss Sajik light, is a few are from the Promised for strategy, grams active, intellectual also. Yi-death [from / Sim] for pardons, known as the ministers of righteousness. Ming Hu, and read the zai! Descendants of the Yong Yong, Raymond not forgotten. Formerly, Wu and more people, the more people prepared to teach the letter amendment, five years covered Wu, g and matter to this. Seoul not large and wantonly, not rich and arrogant, but no public clamor, neighbors, relatives difficult. Enemies in the side. Ming Hu, and read the zai! Children and grandchildren, Yongding protection of, not for Jue Bang. (Zhongshan Wang Cuo Ding)
However, 14 states in Zhongshan Wang Cuo fortune tellers and possess to choose Yan Ji Jin, Zhu Yi Hu as, section on sacrifice Qi, may still be law, to satisfy God, Yi Si kings. Mu Mu Economy, Trade and Economy, Trade, serious shortage of respect not relent. That contain the United States, Tsai Huang Chao Gong, Yan of false slander, to Jing Si-wang. But I Huang Zu, Wen, Wu, Huan ancestors into examination, there is a pure Tokushima, teachings to Shiqi Zi Sun, but I have to use imitation, Ci Xiaoxuan from teacher, the virtuous to make energy, and he has not Yi Wan, possess to make more capable NUTRITION to secondary phase Jue body. Hugh know these faithful also, and specialist, single office of the state, is fed swim evening drink, rather a Ju Ti? Possess to exhaust Chi loyal to the provision of about Jue, no Er his heart, by any of the Zuobang, unremittingly, Jinxian measures can, t have [car dealer / cow] means to specify the provision of light. Enemy Cao Yanjun child Kuai not distinguish cause, do not avoid princes, and Chen were translocation, must call the public within the industry, lack of worship of their kings; outside the will of the emperor on the Kun Temple, deflected and princes SHIKA longer than together, the Shangni in the day, the next ring true to people, non of Gua Ren. Possess to say: 'To the ministers and their case against Robinson, ominous itself a remarkable achievement. Will stand for the World Wu Jun, SHIKA longer together, the minister could not bear to see too. Possess to like from the doctor, to Jing Yan Jiang. Meng Gao helmet body is to punish not ring true. So gentlemen Kuai Yan, new gentleman, not righteousness, does not distinguish Nishun, so state death his death had killed one husband of the rescue, then be monarch and officials of the place, up and down the body, closed with success, Chuang provision of a border. The emperor did not forget he has a hoon, to Zhong Fu reward policy, princes are HE. The sage old husband works in the virtuous, the people that have. It is worthy homage to the resignation, love is worthy of deep affinity, for convergence of the common people attached. 'Ming Hu! Yun Zai, if made, Ming Cai Yan in Hu and when the concept. Only as long as wing, told the heirs, but against the evil of Health, but Shun Sheng-Fu, Jane set out in policy, to quit Si-wang. However, Tokushima attached to people, but justice can be long, son of the son, and grandson of the Sun, its Holding on Xinjiang with the death. (Zhongshan Wang Cuo side Hu)
Wives
Child
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