| Charles Robert Darwin | |||
| 查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文 | |||
| 达尔温 | |||
Read works of Charles Darwin at 百家争鸣 | |||
Charles Robert DarwinBut Darwin's early love of nature, in particular, like hunting, collecting minerals and plant and animal specimens. Into the School of Medicine, he is still often to animal and plant specimens collected in the field. Father that he was "idle", "duties," a moment of anger, in 1828, they sent him to Cambridge University, switched to theology, hope he will become a "noble priest." Darwin on God, creationism, etc. School of absurdities, very tired, he still spent most of the time to listen to Natural lectures, self-learning a lot of science books. Interested in collecting beetles and other plant and animal specimens, on the mysterious nature is full of interest.
One day in 1828, in London on the outskirts of a forest, a university student was wandering around the old tree. Suddenly, he found that the bark will fall off, there is bugs crawling in the inside, then quickly peeling bark, found that two exotic beetles, are rapidly crawled forward. The students immediately footed grasp in his hand, excitedly watching them. Just then, out of a bark beetle in it, college students by surprise, soon the hand of the beetles hid his mouth, reaching the third of the beetles caught again. Looking at these strange beetles, students really have not put it down, only to admire the proud hands of beetles, put his mouth only to forget which. Mouth bug Biede not endure, they emit an acrid the venom, these students have another tongue sting Ma pains. Then he remembered the mouth of the beetle, mouth spit it into his hand. Then, despite the pain in the mouth, proudly walked to the city of Cambridge. This is the Charles Darwin University Students. Later, he first discovered it in honor of this beetle out of it, life is "Darwin."
In 1831, Darwin graduated from Cambridge University. He gave up a lucrative career pastor, is still keen on its Science Research. This in December, the British government organized a "Beagle," warship global study, Darwin recommended by people with "naturalists" status, at their own expense boat and began a long and difficult global inspection activities.
Darwin arrived at a place always careful investigation and study, interviews with local residents, and sometimes ask them when the guide, climbing wading, collecting minerals and plant and animal specimens, digging fossils, discovered many new species not recorded. Rock samples collected during the day his cereal, animal fossils, the evening has been busy collecting records. January 1832, "Beagle" is berthed in the Atlantic island of Santiago in Cape Verde Islands. Sailors who are to study the flow of water. Darwin and his assistant putting on his backpack, holding a geological hammer, climb the mountain to collect rock samples.
During the inspection tour, Darwin changes according to species, all day on one theme: the natural world of exotic flowers and trees, all provision is how the human being? Why would changing? What is the connection between each other? These issues more deeply in the mind and gradually makes his creationism, and cast doubts on the same species.
By the end of February 1832, "Beagle" was to reach Brazil, Darwin shore visits made to the captain to climb the Andes in South America. When they climbed mountains over 4000 meters above sea level when, Darwin accidentally discovered in the top shell fossils. Darwin was surprised, his mind was: "how the sea shell on the mountain will go to it?" After much thought, he finally understood the truth of crustal movements. Darwin's mind churned their own understanding of the conjecture has been further: "species is not static, but with the different objective conditions of the corresponding variation!"
The advent of this work, the first time the establishment of a fully scientific biology based on biological evolution to new ideas, to overthrow the "creationism" and the species of the same theory. "Origin of Species" Darwin's theory of evolution is a masterpiece, marking the formal establishment of evolution.
"Origin of Species," the publication, in Europe and caused a sensation throughout the world. It dealt a heavy blow to the foundation of theocratic rule, from the reactionary feudal ordained church to have furious. They rallied together to attack, slander Darwin's theory of "blasphemy against the Holy Ghost," committed "Divine Justice," any errors of human dignity.
In contrast, the progress represented by Huxley scholars, actively promote and defend Darwinism. Said: Evolution blew open people's minds detention, inspire and educate people from the shackles of religious superstition, liberating.
Then, Darwin began his second masterpiece, "in domesticated animals and plants under the variation of" writing to indisputable facts and rigorous scientific thesis, and further elaborated his theories of evolution, proposed species and genetic variation, creatures in the struggle and the important points of natural selection, and quickly publish this masterpiece. Darwin in his later years, though frail, but his amazing perseverance, tenacity to adhere to scientific research and writing, published a row, "the origin of mankind," and many other works. Darwin himself that "his life and the only major cause of the fun" is his scientific writings. Some get to travel directly examine the most important scientific achievements, such as: Darwin himself wrote the famous "Study Diary" and "Beagle, geology," "zoological Beagle" and other. In his writings, has a special historic significance is the "Origin of Species" that Darwin's theory of evolution and natural selection theory of the gradual process of development. "Origin of Species" was published in a major event of world significance, because the "Origin of Species," most of the nineteenth century marked the publication of learned people in the biology and status of human beings in the biological world view has undergone a profound changes. "Origin of Species," the publication, cause good luck and with the purpose of the scientists on the emotional (and these people are the majority) of the Darwin theory of violent attacks, also caused a corresponding Darwinian struggle to maintain an active part in the In addition to the struggle outside Darwin there is progress, I am a naturalist; them everywhere have become enthusiastic supporters of Darwin's theory.
April 19, 1882, the great scientist died of illness, people buried his body next to Newton's tomb, to express admiration for the scientists.