从1914年到1991年的“短暂的二十世纪”，历经第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战和冷战，包括了纳粹德国和苏联的崛起和衰落。这些灾难性的事件宣示了欧洲殖民帝国的终结，并吹响了广泛的非殖民化的号角。1989年至1991年苏联的解体使美国成为世界唯一超级大国，引发了铁幕的崩溃、德国统一和现仍进行中的欧洲一体化进程的加快。
The "short twentieth century", from 1914 to 1991, sees World War I, World War II and the Cold War, including the rise and fall of Nazi Germany and of the Soviet Union. These disastrous events spell the end of the European Colonial empires and initiated widespread decolonization. The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 to 1991 leaves the United States as the world's single superpower and triggers the fall of the Iron Curtain, the reunification of Germany and an accelerated process of a European integration that is ongoing.