1991年7月，埃革阵主持召开全国会议，20多个政治和民族组织参加。会议通过了《过渡期宪章》，选举产生了87人的代表院，埃革阵主席梅莱斯·泽纳维任过渡政府总统和代表院院长。过渡政府成立。1993年5月24日，厄立特里亚 (原埃塞俄比亚厄立特里亚省)通过在国际社会监督下的全民公决，成为一个主权国家。
In July 1991, the EPRDF, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), and others established the Transitional Government of Ethiopia (TGE) which was composed of an 87-member Council of Representatives and guided by a national charter that functioned as a transitional constitution. In June 1992, the OLF withdrew from the government; in March 1993, members of the Southern Ethiopia Peoples' Democratic Coalition also left the government.
Eritrea separated from Ethiopia following the fall of the Derg in 1991, after a long independentist war.
In 1994, a new constitution was written that formed a bicameral legislature and a judicial system.