巴拿马

bā ná mǎ The Republic of Panama shǒudōu:bā ná mǎ chéng guógūdàimǎ: pa

　　［ xī ］ Panamá
　　【 guó míng】： bā ná mǎ gòng hé guó（ LaRepúblicadePanamá/TheRepublicofPanama）
　　【 dú lì rì】： 11 yuè 3 rì（ 1903 nián）
　　【 guó qìng rì】： 11 yuè 3 rì（ 1903 nián）
　　【 huò bì】： liú tōng měi yuán fǔ bì： bā ná mǎ bā bō yà（ PanamanianBalboa)
　　【 shí chā】： bǐ gé lín ní zhì shí jiān wǎn 5 xiǎo shí； bǐ běi jīng shí jiān wǎn liǎo 13 xiǎo shí。
　　【 guó jì diàn huà mǎ】： 507
　　【 yǔ yán】： xī bān yá yǔ
　　【 guó qí】： chéng héng cháng fāng xíng， cháng yǔ kuān zhī bǐ wéi 3 ∶ 2。 qí miàn yóu sì gè xiāng děng de héng cháng fāng xíng gòu chéng： zuǒ shàng hé yòu xià wéi bái sè cháng fāng xíng， qí zhōng fēn bié yòu lán sè hé hóng sè wǔ jiǎo xīng； zuǒ xià fāng wéi lán sè cháng fāng xíng， yòu shàng fāng wéi hóng sè cháng fāng xíng。 bái sè xiàng zhēng hé píng； hóng sè hé lán sè fēn bié dài biǎo yuán bā ná mǎ de zì yóu dǎng hé bǎo shǒu dǎng， zhè liǎng sè zài guó qí shàng de wèi zhì， biǎo shì liǎng dǎng lián hé qǐ lái wèimín zú de lì yì 'ér fèn dǒu。 liǎng kē wǔ jiǎo xīng fēn bié xiàng zhēng zhōng chéng hé lì liàng。 zhè miàn guó qí shì yóu bā ná mǎ dì yī rèn zǒng tǒng màn nǔ 'āi 'ěr · ā mǎ duō 'ěr · gé léi luó shè jì de。
　　
　　【 guó huī】： zhōng xīn tú 'àn wéi dùn huī。 dùn miàn shàng yòu wǔ zǔ tú 'àn： zhōng jiān wéi biǎo míng bā ná mǎ dì lǐ wèi zhì jí qí zhòng yào xìng de bā ná mǎ dì xiá， tā lián jiē zhōng měi zhōu hé nán měi zhōu， shì dà xī yáng hé tài píng yáng zhī jiān de jiāo tōng yào dào； dì xiá zhī shàng de tài yáng hé yuè liàng tú 'àn， xiàng zhēng gāi guó de dú lì。 zuǒ shàng jiǎo wéi jiāo chā de cháng jiàn hé bù qiāng， xiàng zhēng bā ná mǎ rén mín wéi dú lì 'ér zhàn de jīng shén； yòu shàng jiǎo de chǎn zǐ hé chuí zǐ dài biǎo láo dòng； zuǒ xià jiǎo shì xiàng zhēng fēng ráo de yáng jiǎo， xiàng zhēng guó jiā de cái fù hé fán róng； yòu xià jiǎo dài shuāng yì de fēi lún dài biǎo jìn bù。 dùn huī shàng duān shì yī zhǐ bèi chēng wéi “ bǎi niǎo zhī wáng ” de dà wù yīng， yīng zuǐ diāo zhe de shì dài shàng xiě zhe“ wèile shì jiè de lì yì”； yīng zhī shàng wéi jiǔ kē huáng sè wǔ jiǎo xīng， dài biǎo bā ná mǎ de jiǔ gè shěng hé yī gè tè qū。 dùn huī liǎng cè shì yòu bā ná mǎ guó qí。
　　【 guó niǎo】： shén yīng shì bā ná mǎ de guó niǎo， tā shì gè zhǒng yīng zhōng tǐ zhòng zuì dà de yīng。 zhè zhǒng yīng de tóu shàng cháng zhe jǐ piàn shù lì de yǔ máo， yuǎn kàn sì jiǎo， fēi cháng wēi wǔ。 jù bào dào， tǐ zhòng yuè dà de niǎo qí fán zhí sù dù yuè màn , měi gé ３ zhì ４ nián cái shēng liǎng gè dàn， ér qiě qí zhōng yī gè néng fū chū chú niǎo。
　　【 guó huā】： cháng huā xù lán huā（ gē zǐ lán huā）
　　【 guó jiā zhèng yào】： zǒng tǒng lǐ kǎ duō · mǎ dì nèi lì，２００ 9 nián ５ yuè dāng xuǎn， 7 yuè xuān shì jiù zhí。
　　【 guó gē】 PanamaNationalAnthem
　　【 rén kǒu】　 311.6 wàn（ 200 ７ nián gū jì）； qí zhōng yìn 'ōu hùn xuè zhǒng rén zhàn７０％， hēi rén zhàn １４％， bái rén zhàn１０％， yìn dì 'ān rén zhàn ６％。 xī bān yá yǔ wéi guān fāng yǔ yán。 jū mín ８５％ xìn fèng【 tiān zhù jiào】，４．７％ xìn fèng jī dū jiào xīn jiào，４．５％ xìn fèng yī sī lán jiào。
　　【 shǒu dū】 bā ná mǎ chéng（ Panamacity）， bā ná mǎ chéng wèi yú bā ná mǎ yùn hé tài píng yáng 'àn hé kǒu fù jìn de bàn dǎo shàng。 chéng shì miàn lín bā ná mǎ wān， bèi kào 'ān kāng shān gǔ， fēng jǐng rú huà。 yuán wéi yìn dì 'ān rén yú cūn， jiù chéng shǐ jiàn yú１５１９ nián，１９０３ nián bā ná mǎ tuō lí gē lún bǐ yà xuān bù dú lì hòu， gāi chéng chéng wéi shǒu dū。
　　
　　 zì rán dì lǐ
　　７５５１７ píng fāng gōng lǐ。 wèi yú zhōng měi zhōu dì xiá。 dōng lián gē lún bǐ yà， nán bīn tài píng yáng， xī jiē gē sī dá lí jiā， běi lín jiā lè bǐ hǎi。 lián jiē zhōng měi zhōu hé nán měi zhōu dà lù， bā ná mǎ yùn hé cóng nán zhì běi gōu tōng dà xī yáng hé tài píng yáng， yòu“ shì jiè qiáo liáng” zhī chēng。 hǎi 'àn xiàn cháng yuē２９８８ gōng lǐ。 quán jìng dì shì qǐ fú， gōu gǔ zòng héng， chú nán běi yán hǎi píng yuán wài， duō wéi shān dì。 hé liú duō dá４００ yú tiáo， jiào dà de yòu tú yī lā hé、 qiē bō hé jí chá gé léi sī hé。 dì jìn chì dào， shǔ rè dài hǎi yáng xìng qì hòu， nián jūn qì wēn 23 ～ 27 ℃。
　　
　　 jiǎn shǐ
　　 bā ná mǎ dì xiá yuán wéi qí bù chá、 jiā lè bǐ děng yìn dì 'ān rén bù luò jù jū dì。１５０１ nián lún wéi xī bān yá zhí mín dì， shǔ xīn gé lán nà dá zǒng dū qū。１８２１ nián dú lì， chéng wéi dà gē lún bǐ yà gòng hé guó de yī bù fēn。１８３０ nián dà gē lún bǐ yà gòng hé guó jiě tǐ hòu， chéng wéi xīn gé lín nà dá（ hòu chēng gē lún bǐ yà） gòng hé guó de yī gè shěng。１９０３ nián měi zài jī bài yīng、 fǎ hòu yǔ gē lún bǐ yà zhèng fǔ qiān dìng yóu měi xiū jiàn hé zū jiè yùn hé de tiáo yuē， gē yì huì jù jué pī zhǔn。１９０３ nián１１ yuè３ rì měi jūn zài bā ná mǎ dēng lù， cè dòng bā tuō lí gē lún bǐ yà dú lì， chéng lì bā ná mǎ gòng hé guó。 tóng nián１１ yuè１８ rì měi qǔ dé xiū jiàn hé jīng yíng yùn hé de yǒng jiǔ lǒng duàn quán hé yùn hé qū de yǒng jiǔ shǐ yòng、 zhàn lǐng hé kòng zhì quán bìng zài bā ná mǎ zhōng bù de fēng yāo dì qū kāi záo yī tiáo yùn hé， yú shì， yùn hé qū zài bā ná mǎ dì qū chéng wéi“ guó zhōng zhī guó”。 èr cì dà zhàn zhōng， měi zài bā qiáng zū１３４ chù jūn shì jī dì，１９４７ nián hòu lù xù guī hái yī bù fēn。１９７７ nián９ yuè， bā měi qiān shǔ《 xīn yùn hé tiáo yuē》（ yòu chēng tuō lǐ huò sī － kǎ tè tiáo yuē）。 1989 nián 5 yuè dà xuǎn， zhí zhèng dǎng hé fǎn duì pài jūn xuān bù gè zì huò shèng， yīn 'ér xuǎn jǔ jiēguǒ wú xiào。 jīng měi zhōu guó jiā zǔ zhì de wò xuán， 8 yuè 31 rì luó dé lǐ gé sī chū rèn lín shí zǒng tǒng。 12 yuè 15 rì fǎn duì měi guó zhàn lǐng de nuò liè jiā bèi rèn mìng wéi zhèng fǔ shǒu nǎo， 20 rì měi jūn rù qīn bā ná mǎ， 21 rì shòu měi guó bì hù de yuán fǎn duì pài zǒng tǒng hòu xuǎn rén 'ēn dá lā zài měi jūn jī dì xuān shì jiù rèn zǒng tǒng。 1990 nián 1 yuè， nuò liè jiā xiàng měi jūn tóu jiàng， suí hòu bèi yā wǎng měi guó shòu shěn。 1992 nián 11 yuè 15 rì， zhèng fǔ jiù 6 yuè dǐ yì huì tōng guò de xiàn fǎ xiū zhèng 'àn jìn xíng quán mín gōng jué。 xiū zhèng 'àn duì xiàn fǎ de xù yán jí 57 xiàng tiáo wén jìn xíng xiū gǎi。 zhù yào nèi róng wéi qǔ xiāo jūn duì、 jiàn quán sī fǎ zhì dù děng。 yóu yú 65％ de xuǎn mín tóu liǎo fǎn duì piào， gōng jué shī bài， xiàn fǎ réng jì xù yòu xiào。１９９９ nián１２ yuè３１ rì， bā ná mǎ shōu huí yùn hé zhù quán。
　　
　　 zhèng zhì
　　 xiàn xíng xiàn fǎ yú１９７２ nián１０ yuè１１ rì shēng xiào，１９７８ nián hé１９８３ nián jìn xíng guò xiū gǎi。 xiàn fǎ guī dìng guó jiā sān quán fēn zhì， zǒng tǒng wèiguó jiā yuán shǒu， tōng guò zhí jiē xuǎn jǔ chǎn shēng， rèn qī wǔ nián， bù dé lián rèn。１９９４ nián１０ yuè４ rì， bā yì huì tōng guò xiàn fǎ xiū gǎi cǎo 'àn， guī dìng qǔ xiāo jūn duì， jiàn lì yī zhī jǐng chá bù duì。 guó mín yì huì wéi yī yuàn zhì， xíng shǐ lì fǎ quán。 yóu７２ míng yì yuán zǔ chéng， tōng guò mín xuǎn chǎn shēng， rèn qī wǔ nián。 sī fǎ quán yóu zuì gāo fǎ yuàn hé zǒng jiǎn chá yuàn xíng shǐ。 zuì gāo fǎ yuàn shè９ míng fǎ guān， yóu zhèng fǔ rèn mìng， yì huì tōng guò， rèn qī１０ nián。
　　
　　 jīng jì
　　 bā ná mǎ lín yè zī yuán fēng fù， quán guó 70％ yǐ shàng de tǔ dì wéi rè dài sēn lín suǒ fù gài， zhù yào yòu hóng mù、 xuě sōng、 zōng lǘ shù、 xiàng jiāo shù děng。 kuàng chǎn yòu jīn、 yín、 tiě、 tóng、 mù、 lǚ fán tǔ、 yán、 gǒng、 liú huáng、 méi děng。 chú yán hé lǚ fán tǔ wài， qí yú kuàng cáng shàng wèi kāi cǎi。 bā ná mǎ gōng yè jī chǔ bó ruò， wú zhòng gōng yè。 zhù yào yòu cǎi kuàng yè、 zhì zào yè、 jiàn zhù yè děng。 zhù yào gōng yè yòu shí pǐn jiā gōng、 fú zhuāng jiā gōng、 zào zhǐ、 pí gé děng。 shuǐ dào、 yù mǐ、 dòu lèi wéi zhù yào nóng zuò wù， xiāng jiāo、 táng、 gān zhè hé kā fēi wéi zhù yào jīng jì zuò wù。
　　 bā ná mǎ lǚ yóu zī yuán fēng fù， zài guó nèi quán bù wài huì shōu rù zhōng， lǚ yóu yè shōu huì 'é jǐn cì yú bā ná mǎ yùn hé hé kē lóng zì yóu qū。 lǚ yóu qū wéi bā ná mǎ yùn
　　[ bā ná mǎ yùn hé ]
　　 bā ná mǎ yùn hé
　　 hé de jiē tī shì dà zhá mén、 kǒng tǎ duō lā lǚ yóu shèng dì、 shèng bù lā sī qún dǎo hé léi dǎo děng。 bā ná mǎ guó nèi jiāo tōng yǐ gōng lù wéi zhù。 bā ná mǎ shì hǎi yùn dà guó。 bā ná mǎ yùn hé dān fù zhe quán shì jiè 5％ de mào yì huò yùn。 bā ná mǎ dà xiǎo gǎng kǒu yòu 15 gè。 kè lǐ sī tuō wǎ 'ěr gǎng shì zuì dà gǎng kǒu， bā 'ěr wò yà gǎng wéi dì 'èr dà gǎng。 zhè liǎng dà gǎng zhàn bā ná mǎ guó jì mào yì yùn shū de 75％。 wǎ 'ěr méng tè gǎng wéi yú gǎng。 bā ná mǎ yě shì lā měi kōng yùn zhōng xīn zhī yī， zuì dà de tuō kù mén ( yuán míng 'ào mǎ 'ěr · tuō lǐ huò sī ) guó jì jī chǎng， měi tiān kě qǐ jiàng 100 duō jià fēi jī。
　　 bā ná mǎ zhù yào chū kǒu duì xiàng wéi měi guó、 dé guó、 gē sī dá lí jiā、 yì dà lì hé bō duō lí gè děng； jìn kǒu zhù yào lái zì měi guó、 rì běn、 gē sī dá lí jiā、 dé guó、 wěi nèi ruì lā、 è guā duō 'ěr děng。 zhù yào jìn kǒu gōng yè zhì chéng pǐn、 shí yóu jí chéng pǐn yóu、 yùn shū shè bèi、 jī xiè jí shí pǐn děng； zhù yào chū kǒu xiāng jiāo、 zhè táng、 hǎi xiā、 kā fēi、 shí yóu chǎn pǐn。
　　 kē lóng zì yóu mào yì qū wèi yú bā ná mǎ yùn hé dà xī yáng rù hǎi kǒu chù， shǐ jiàn yú 1953 nián， yòu 1550 duō jiā gōng sī zhuān shì zhuǎn kǒu mào yì， lìng yòu 16 jiā yín
　　[ kē lóng zì yóu mào yì qū ]
　　 kē lóng zì yóu mào yì qū
　　 xíng。 shì jǐn cì yú xiāng gǎng de shì jiè dì 'èr dà zì yóu mào yì qū。
　　 bā ná mǎ shì yī gè zhù míng de lí 'àn zhù cè dì， yóu yú bā ná mǎ yùn hé de zhòng yào， hěn duō chuán bó dōushì zài bā ná mǎ zhù cè dēng jì de。 bā ná mǎ hái shì yī gè zhù míng de lí 'àn zhù cè zhōng xīn。
　　
　　 wén jiào
　　 bā ná mǎ duì 6～ 15 suì 'ér tóng shí xíng yì wù jiào yù。 gāo děng xué fǔ bā ná mǎ dà xué jiàn yú 1935 nián， xiào zhǐ shè zài bā ná mǎ chéng， cǐ wài hái yòu jì shù dà xué、 shèng mǎ lì yà dà xué hé dì xiá dà xué。 zhù yào bào kān yòu《 xīn wén bào》、《 měi zhōu bā ná mǎ》、《 zì yóu lùn tán bào》 ( yǔ《 měi zhōu bā ná mǎ》 xì zǐ mèi bào )， hái yòu《 shì jì bào》 hé《 bā ná mǎ míng xīng bào》。 bā ná mǎ yòu 95 jiā diàn tái， dà bù fēn wéi shāng yè tái。 yòu 5 jiā diàn shì tái， jí bā ná mǎ wú xiàn guǎng bō gōng sī diàn shì tái、 dì xiá diàn shì tái、 jiào yù diàn shì tái、 kōng zhōng zhī bō diàn shì tái hé guó jiā diàn shì tái。
　　
　　 wài jiāo
　　 fèng xíng dú lì zì zhù、 bù jié méng de wài jiāo zhèng cè， jiā qiáng tóng lā měi guó jiā de tuán jié hé zuò， yǔ shì jiè gè guó fā zhǎn guān xì。
　　1936 nián zhōng guó zhù xī yǎ tú zhù lǐ lǐng shì dèng chuán jiē ( jiāng sū shěng jiāng yīn rén ) gǎi pài zhù bā ná mǎ dà shǐ guǎn。
　　 bā ná mǎ lì jiè zhèng fǔ bǎ shōu fù yùn hé zhù quán zuò wéi duì wài zhèng cè de jī běn mù biāo。
　　 yīn bā ná mǎ chéng rèn tái wān， zhōng guó zhì jīn wèi yǔ qí jiàn jiāo。 1984 nián 7 yuè， zhōng guó zài kē lóng zì yóu mào yì qū shè lì liǎo zhōng guó lā měi mào yì zhōng xīn。
　　 bā ná mǎ yǔ měi guó de guān xì zài bā ná mǎ duì wài guān xì zhōng zhàn yòu tè shū dì wèi。 1964 nián 1 yuè bā、 měi duàn jiāo， tóng nián 4 yuè fù jiāo。 1989 nián měi jūn rù qīn bā ná mǎ。 ēn dá lā zhèng fǔ chéng lì hòu， měi guó jí yú yǐ chéng rèn， bìng xuān bù jiě chú duì bā ná mǎ de jīng jì zhì cái。 měi guó kāi fā yínháng huī fù liǎo duì bā ná mǎ de yuán zhù。 tóng nián 12 yuè měi jūn quán bù chè huí yùn hé qū。 bā ná mǎ yì huì pī zhǔn měi jūn hé píng bù duì chóngfǎn bā ná mǎ huó dòng。 1991 nián 4 yuè， měi、 bā qiān shǔ liǎo sī fǎ hù zhù xié dìng。 8 yuè， qiān shǔ liǎo chóngxīn 'ān pái tuō qiàn měi guó 1.07 yì měi yuán zhài wù de xié dìng。 měi guó hái jué dìng tóu zī 2 yì měi yuán， cān jiā tuò kuān yùn hé de“ shé wān háng dào” gōng chéng。 ēn dá lā zhèng fǔ zhí zhèng tóu 2 nián， měi guó yǐ xiàng bā ná mǎ tí gōng liǎo 4.61 yì měi yuán yuán zhù。
　　1989 nián 12 yuè měi jūn rù qīn bā ná mǎ hòu， dà duō shù lā měi guó jiā yú yǐ qiǎn zé， bù chéng rèn 'ēn dá lā zhèng fǔ。 bā ná mǎ tóng mò xī gē、 bìlǔ、 è guā duō 'ěr děng guó yīn nuò liè jiā shí qī rén yuán zhèng zhì bìnàn wèn tí guān xì jǐn zhāng。 bā ná mǎ wéi bǎi tuō zài guó jì shàng de gū lì jú miàn， zhù dòng gǎi shàn yǔ lā měi guó jiā de guān xì。
　　
　　 fēng tǔ rén qíng
　　 bā ná mǎ rén wú lùn qí wén huà chéng dù rú hé， zài shè jiāo huó dòng zhōng， dōurè qíng hàokè。 bù guǎn shì shuí， dōukě yǐ suí biàn dào bié rén jiā qù zuò kè， zhù rén huì
　　[ chuán tǒng de bā ná mǎ cháng qún ]
　　 chuán tǒng de bā ná mǎ cháng qún
　　 duì kè rén rè qíng kuǎn dài， bīn zhù háo wú mò shēng zhī gǎn， rú tóng jiā rén yī bān， zhù rén bìng bù yào kè rén fù rèn hé bào chóu。 yìn dì 'ān de qiáo kē zú rén yóu qí hàokè， xīn dǐ shàn liáng， zài rèn hé qíng kuàng xià dōubù huì biǎo xiàn chū kuáng rè gǎn。
　　 zài bā ná mǎ， péng yǒu jiàn miàn shí， gēn jù jiàn miàn de shí jiān wèn hòu " zǎo 'ān "、 " wǔ 'ān、 "" wǎn 'ān "、 " nín hǎo "、 " jiàn dào nín fēi cháng gāo xīng " děng děng。 wèn hòu tóng shí， nán xìng péng yǒu zhī jiān yào bǐ cǐ wò shǒu， nǚ xìng péng yǒu huò yì xìng péng yǒu chú wò shǒu wài， hái yào yōng bào hé qīn wěn miàn jiá。
　　 bā ná mǎ rén de xìng míng gòu chéng yǔ xī bān yá hé mò xī gē děng lā měi guó jiā de jū mín xiāng tóng， qí shùn xù shì： míng zì、 fù xìng、 mǔ xìng。 shè huì shàng zuì cháng yòng de chēng hū shì xiān shēng hé nǚ shì。 duì chéng nián nán zǐ chēng xiān shēng， duì yǐ hūn chéng nián de fù nǚ chēng nǚ shì huò tài tài， duì wèi hūn de nǚ rén kě chēng xiǎo jiě。
　　 bā ná mǎ jū mín de jìn jì hé qí tā lā měi guó jiā de jī běn xiāng tóng， fù nǚ bù xǐ huān bié rén wèn jí tā de nián líng， rén men yàn 'è dǎ tīng nán nǚ de sī shēng huó qíng kuàng hé gōng zī shōu rù， bā ná mǎ rén rèn wéi měi yuè de "13" zhè yī tiān shì zuì bù jí lì de rì zǐ。
　　 bā ná mǎ jū mín de zhù yào shí wù shì dà mǐ， qí cì shì yù mǐ、 dòu lèi、 jūn zǐ lán hé xiāng jiāo。 " guā qiáo " shì bā ná mǎ zuì yòu míng de mín zú cài， shì yòng dà mǐ、 dòu lèi hé ròu zuò chéng de。 rén men hái xǐ huān chī yòng yù mǐ miàn hé ròu zuò chéng de yù mǐ miàn bǐng、 là ròu dà mǐ fàn děng。 bā ná mǎ jū mín cháng hē de yǐn kē shì kě kǒu kě lè、 bǎi shì kě lè hé kā fēi děng。
　　
　　[ shì jiè wén míng de bā ná mǎ cǎo mào ]
　　 shì jiè wén míng de bā ná mǎ cǎo mào
　　 zài bā ná mǎ， chéng shì jū mín zài zhèng shì chǎng hé yī bān dū xī zhuāng gé lǚ， fēng dù piān piān。 fù rén duō shù dōuyòu yī jiàn míng jiào " bō liè lā " de fú zhuāng， " bō liè lā " shì yòng zhì liàng shàng chéng de bái má shā huò gāo jí bó má bù zuò chéng de báoshā duǎn shān， duǎn shān shàng shì yòu tiē huā huò xiù zhe gè zhǒng shēng dòng de dòng zhí wù tú 'àn， zài duǎn shān de zhòu biān shàng féng yòu shǒu gōng zhì de huā biān， yán lǐng kǒu yòu yī tiáo sè diào duì bǐ xiān yàn de róng xiàn， qián hòu dōuyòu jié zǐ， nóng cūn jū mín zuì diǎn xíng de fú zhuāng shì " xià mǐ xī lì yà "， zhè shì yòng yī zhǒng bó liào zuò chéng de yuán lǐng cháng chèn shān。 nóng mín xǐ huān tóu dài cǎo mào， jiǎo chuān cǎo xié。 nóng cūn fù nǚ cháng chuān de fú zhuāng shì yìn huā bù lián yī qún。 yìn dì 'ān rén de fú zhuāng jù yòu zì jǐ de mín zú tè sè。
　　 bā ná mǎ de hūn yīn fēng sú jī běn shàng zūn xún zhe tiān zhù jiào de chuán tǒng， guó jiā fǎ lǜ guī dìng shí xíng yī fū yī qī zhì。 dà bù fēn yìn dì 'ān rén de hūn yīn hé hūn lǐ yě shì 'àn zhào tiān zhù jiào xí sú jìn xíng hé cāo bàn de， dàn réng yòu yī bù fēn yìn dì 'ān rén bǎo liú zhe běn mín zú de chuán tǒng zuò fǎ。
　　 bā ná mǎ de zhèng zhì yí shì shì xī fāng de， zōng jiào yí shì zé wán quán shì tiān zhù jiào de， dàn yòu xiē yìn dì 'ān mín zú réng rán bǎo liú zhe zì jǐ de mín zú yí shì。 yòu de bù luò zài jǔ xíng jié qìng hé chū zhēng yí shì shí， shǒu lǐng yào jìn xíng huà zhuāng， yòng xǔ duō yǔ máo zhuāng shì zì jǐ， qí tā rén zé yòng yě shòu de zhuǎzǐ zhuāng shì zì jǐ。
　　 bā ná mǎ jū mín píng shí hé jié qìng shí dū xǐ huān tiào wǔ。 " xiǎo gǔ " wǔ shì yī zhǒng yuán shǐ de mín zú wǔ dǎo， yī xiàng wéi rén men xǐ wén lè jiàn， zài gè dì kuáng huān jié hé dà xíng qìng zhù huó dòng zhōng， zhè zhǒng wǔ dǎo bèi shòu huān yíng。 cǐ wài， bā ná mǎ rén hái jīng cháng kāi zhǎn dǒu jī、 dǒu niú hé sài mǎ bǐ sài。 tā men yě xǐ huān xiàn dài tǐ yù yùn dòng， rú zú qiú、 bàng qiú、 gǎn lǎn qiú、 lán qiú、 pái qiú děng。
　　【 yǐn shí】
　　　 bā ná mǎ de zì lái shuǐ kě yǐ zhí jiē yǐn yòng。
　　 shǒu dū jiào jù guī mó de zhōng guó cān guǎn yuē yòu 10 jiā， jūn wéi guǎng dōng huá qiáo suǒ jīng yíng。 fēi zhèng shì yàn kè měi rén cān fèi yuē 8 měi yuán。 shì zhōng xīn yòu 24 xiǎo shí kāi fàng de chāo jí shì chǎng gōng yìng shū guǒ、 niú nǎi děng。
　　 bā ná mǎ rén xǐ tián shí , xí guàn fàn hòu yòng tián diǎn , xī cān zhù yào wéi niú ròu huò yú、 xiā， zhōng wǔ yòng cān jiǎn dān， shí jiān wéi 12:30, wǎn cān jiào zhèng shì , shí jiān wéi 20:00。 wèi shēng qíng xíng liáng hǎo。
　　 bā ná mǎ jī ròu tānɡ wéi pǔ tōng cān yǐn。 bā ná mǎ rén yǐ dà mǐ hé yù mǐ wéi zhù shí， tā men zhì zuò de shí pǐn jiǎng jiū wǔ wèi jù quán， bǐ jiào yòu míng de yòu dà mǐ， ròu zhǔ chì dòu。 bā ná mǎ rén hěn xǐ huān yī zhǒng jiào sāng kē qiáo de shí pǐn， dāng dì rén cháng yǐ cǐ yàn qǐng kè rén。
　　【 fú shì lǐ yí】
　　 bā ná mǎ rén chuán tǒng de fú zhuāng shì， nán zǐ chuān xiù huā de cháng chèn shān hé duǎn kù， nǚ zǐ chuān yìn huā lián yī qún huò xiù huā duǎn qún。 bā ná mǎ cǎo mào shì yòng yī zhǒng míng wéi duō jī lì yà zhí wù de xiān wéi huò yòng cǎi sè gān fǎng zhì 'ér chéng de dài yòu hēi tiáo wén huò huā shì de biān yán shàng qiáo de cǎo mào， yuán chǎn yú 'è guā duō 'ěr， yóu yú wài guó yóu kè jiàn bā ná mǎ rén duō dài zhè zhǒng cǎo mào， gù chēng zhī wéi bā ná mǎ cǎo mào。
　　【 yí tài lǐ yí】
　　 bā ná mǎ rén jiāo tán shí xǐ huān shuāng fāng de jù lí kào dé jìn yī xiē， tā men rèn wéi zhè yàng cái xiǎn dé qīn jìn zì rán， fǒu zé jiù yòu lěng dàn duì fāng zhī xián liǎo， tā men yòu yī xiē shǒu shì yǔ， rú wěn zhǐ jiān biǎo shì zàn měi。
　　【 xiāng jiàn lǐ yí】
　　 zài zhèng shì shè jiāo chǎng hé， tā men tóng bīn kè jiàn miàn shí cháng xíng wò shǒu lǐ， ér zài qīn péng hǎo yǒu zhī jiān， jiàn miàn shí cháng xíng yōng bào lǐ， zài jiē tóu yù jiàn shú rén shí， zé yǐ diǎn tóu wéi lǐ， dāng dì rén jiē diàn huà， wǎng wǎng xiān wèn nín shì shuí， zhè yǔ 'ōu měi guó jiā xiān zì bào jiā mén de xí guàn bù tóng。
　　【 cān yǐn lǐ yí】
　　 bā ná mǎ rén yǐ dà mǐ hé yù mǐ wéi zhù shí， tā men zhì zuò de shí pǐn jiǎng jiū wǔ wèi jù quán， bǐ jiào yòu míng de yòu dà mǐ， ròu zhǔ chì dòu。 bā ná mǎ rén hěn xǐ huān yī zhǒng jiào sāng kē qiáo de shí pǐn， dāng dì rén cháng yǐ cǐ yàn qǐng kè rén。
　　【 xǐ sàng lǐ yí】
　　 dāng dì rén zài jǔ xíng zhèng shì hūn lǐ qián， shàonǚ men bì xū jīng lì yī zhǒng kāi huā de chéng nián yí shì， tā shì nǚ zǐ jiāng hūn jià de zhèng míng， yí shì jìn xíng shí， quán cūn réndōu yào zèng sòng lǐ wù， nǚ fāng fù mǔ yào yàn qǐng quán cūn rén。 měi nián dāng dì yào jǔ xíng yī zhǒng bèi chēng wéi xiè ròu jì de kuáng huān jié。 jié rì qī jiān， rén men shēn zhe huá lì de fú zhuāng， zhuāng bàn chéng gè zhǒng qí yì de juésè。
　　【 shāng wù lǐ yí】
　　 bā ná mǎ rén zài shāng wù huó dòng zhōng hěn kàn zhōng duì fāng de yī zhe， wài guó kè shāng zài tán pàn chǎng hé zuì hǎo chuān xī zhuāng。 dāng dì rén duì yuē huì bìng bù yī dìng zhǔn shí fù yuē， dàn zuò wéi wài guó kè shāng zuì hǎo 'àn shí dào dá。 dì yī cì shāng wù huì miàn， kě dì shàng yìn yòu yīng wén， xī bān yá wén duì zhào de míng piàn， dāng dì shāng rén zhōng wǔ yī bān yào huí jiā chī wǔ fàn， xiàn zài， suí zhe jīng jì de fā zhǎn， bā ná mǎ shāng wù huó dòng de jié zòu zhèng zài jiā kuài， dàn tā men bù xǐ huān bié rén cuī cù tā men。
　　【 lǚ yóu lǐ yí】
　　 lǚ yóu yè shì bā ná mǎ de zhòng yào jīng jì zhī zhù zhè yī， bā ná mǎ yùn hé， měi zhōu dà qiáo， guó jì jīn róng zhōng xīn yǐ jí bèi yù wéi zhēn zhū bǎo dǎo de kǒng tǎ duō lā， dōushì xiǎng yòu shèng yù de guó jì lǚ yóu shèng dì， dāng dì zhèng fǔ hěn zhòng shì lǚ yóu yè tóu zī， nǔ lì gǎi shàn lǚ yóu huán jìng。
　　【 zhù yào jìn jì】
　　 zài yǔ bā ná mǎ rén jiē chù shí， bù yào tán lùn zhèng zhì， yùn hé qū de zhù quán yǐ jí zhèng fǔ de wài jiāo zhèng cè děng huà tí， dào bā ná mǎ zuò kè， bù yí guòfèn zàn měi yī yàng wù pǐn。
　　【 huá rén huá qiáo】
　　1854 nián， dì yī sōu zài yòu zhōng guó yí mín de chuán bó piào yáng guò hǎi dǐ dá bā ná mǎ， kāi shǐ liǎo shū xiě huá rén yí mín bā ná mǎ hé jiàn shè bā ná mǎ de lì shǐ。 jīn tiān， huá rén píng jiè zhōng huá mín zú de zhì huì hé qín láo， chéng gōng róng rù bā ná mǎ shè huì， chéng wéi qí bù kě huò quē de chéng yuán， yíng dé liǎo bā ná mǎ rén de jìng pèi hé zūn zhòng。
　　 zhè zhǒng gǎn shòu bìng bù xū yào kè yì xún zhǎo。 jì zhě lái dào bā ná mǎ de 3 gè duō yuè shí jiān lǐ， zài bù tóng de chǎng hé、 yǔ bù tóng de bā ná mǎ jiē céng duì huà de guò chéng zhōng jūn néng gòu qièshēn tǐ huì dào bā ná mǎ rén tán jí huá rén shí biǎo xiàn chū de qīn jìn gǎn。
　　 zhōng píng shè xiāng gǎng 4 yuè 1 rì diàn / zhōng huá wén huà de yuán sù zài bā ná mǎ de dà jiē xiǎo xiàng suí chù kě jiàn， bǐ rú hàn zì de shǐ yòng、 yuè yǔ cí huì de“ pǔ jí” ( bā ná mǎ 90% de huá rén zǔ jí guǎng dōng ) děng děng。 zài bā ná mǎ jiū jìng yòu duō shǎo huá rén mù qián bìng méi yòu què qiē de tǒng jì， yī bān gū jì dì yī dài hé dì 'èr dài yí mín yòu 15 wàn dào 20 wàn rén， rú guǒ jiā shàng jī běn bù huì zhōng wén de huá rén hòu yì， zhè gè shù zì chāo guò 30 wàn， zhàn bā ná mǎ rén kǒu de shí fēn zhī yī。 zhè xiē huá rén chú liǎo jīng yíng xiǎo chāo shì、 xǐ yī diàn děng chuán tǒng chuàng yè mó shì wài， dà liàng de hòu yì guǎng fàn shè zú yú yī liáo、 jiào yù、 méi tǐ、 zhèng zhì、 jīng jì、 jīn róng děng hángyè， yī kàn biàn zhī de huá rén xìng shì rú Leung， Chung， Lau， Loo， Wong zài dāng dì bào zhǐ shàng suí chù kě jiàn。

　　[West] Panamá
　　【Name】 country: the Republic of Panama (La República de Panamá / The Republic of Panama)
　　】【Independence Day: November 3 (1903)
　　】【National Day: November 3 (1903)
　　】【Currency: U.S. dollar coins in circulation: Panamanian Balboa (Panamanian Balboa)
　　】【Difference: 5 hours later than GMT; 13 hours later than Beijing Time.
　　】【International telephone code: 507
　　【Language】: Spanish
　　】【Flag: horizontal rectangle, the length and width ratio of 3:2. The flag consists of four equal horizontal rectangular form: the upper left and lower right white rectangle, which were blue and red five-pointed star; bottom left of the blue rectangle, top right of the red rectangle. White symbolizes peace; the original red and blue represent the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party of Panama, the two colors on the flag position, said the two parties together for the national interests of the party. Two five-pointed star symbol of loyalty and strength, respectively. This is the flag is the first president of Panama Manuel 马多尔格雷罗 design.
　　】【National bird: eagle is the national bird of Panama, which is the largest weight of all eagles in Eagle. The long head of the eagle feathers with a few slices of erection, well appear to corner, very powerful. According to reports, the greater weight of the birds and their breeding more slowly, every 3 to 4 years to have two eggs, and one hundred and offspring.
　　】【Flower: Long Floral Orchid (pigeon orchid)
　　】【National political figures: President 里卡多马蒂内利, May 2009 election, was sworn in July.
　　【】 Panama National Anthem National Anthem
　　【】 3,116,000 people (2007 estimate); which mestizo 70%, 14% blacks, whites accounted for 10%, Indian 6%. Spanish is the official language. 85% of residents believe 【Catholic Church, Protestant Christian 4.7%, 4.5% Muslim.
　　【Capital】 Panama City (Panama city), Panama City is located near the mouth of the Panama Canal's Pacific coast on the peninsula. Facing the Bay of Panama City, backed by well-being of the valley and picturesque. Formerly Indian fishing village, the old city was founded in 1519, 1903, Panama declared its independence from Colombia, the city became the capital.
　　Physical Geography
　　75,517 square kilometers. Located in the Central American isthmus. East of Colombia, South Pacific Ocean, west of Costa Rica, north of the Caribbean Sea. Connecting Central and South American continent, the Panama Canal from the Atlantic and Pacific, south to north of communication, the "bridge of" said. 2988 km long coastline. The whole situation the potential ups and downs, valleys aspect, in addition to north-south coastal plain, a number of the mountains. River up to 400 bar, the larger a Tuyi La River, wave River and the Chagres River. Nearer the equator, tropical climate, the average annual temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃.
　　Jian Shi
　　Isthmus of Panama as Zeb original investigation, the Caribbean and other Indian tribes _set_tlements. Become a Spanish colony in 1501, is the new District Governor, Granada. Independence in 1821, becoming part of the Republic of Colombia. Republic of Greater Colombia in 1830 after the disintegration of a new Grenada (later Colombia) a province of the Republic. In 1903, the United States defeated Britain, France and the Colombian government signed after the US-built and leased by the canal treaties, the Colombian parliament refused to ratify. November 3, 1903 U.S. troops landed in Panama and empowering Palestinian independence from Colombia, the establishment of the Republic of Panama. November 18 the same year, made the construction and operation of the canal 美 permanent monopoly of power and the permanent use of the Canal Zone, the occupation and control, and central wasp waist region in Panama dug a canal, so, in the Panama Canal Zone as "a state within a country. " World War II, the United States strongly hire 134 in Pakistan military base, part of 1947, after having returned. September 1977, Pakistan signed the United States, "the new Canal Treaty" (also known as the Torrijos - Carter Treaty). May 1989 elections, the ruling party and the opposition have announced their own victory, and thus the election results invalid. Mediation by the Organization of American States, August 31 Rodriguez as interim president. Dec. 15 against the U.S. occupation of the Manuel Noriega was appointed head of government, 20 the U.S. military invasion of Panama, 21 former asylum by the United States Enda La opposition presidential candidate was sworn in as president at the U.S. base. January 1990, Noriega surrendered to U.S. forces before being taken to the United States for trial. November 15, 1992, the Government by the end of June Parliament passed the constitutional amendment referendum. Preamble to the Constitution and the amendment of the 57 provisions modified. Mainly for the lifting of the army, a sound judicial system. Since 65% of voters voted against the referendum fails, the Constitution still valid. December 31, 1999, Panama Canal to recover sovereignty.
　　Politics
　　The current constitution in October 11, 1972 entered into force in 1978 and 1983 has been modified. State Constitution divided the three powers, the president as head of state, elected by direct, term of five years without re-election. October 4, 1994, Pakistani parliament passed the draft amendment to the Constitution to require abolition of the army, the establishment of a police force. A unicameral National Assembly to exercise legislative power. Composed of 72 members, elected by a term of five years. Judicial power exercised by the Supreme Court and the Attorney General's Office. The Supreme Court has 9 judges appointed by the Government, the Parliament adopted a term of 10 years.
　　Economy
　　Panama's rich forestry resources, 70% of the land covered by tropical forest, mainly mahogany, cedar, palm trees, rubber trees and so on. Minerals are gold, silver, iron, copper, molybdenum, bauxite, salt, mercury, sulfur and coal. Desalination and bauxite, other minerals have not yet mined. Panama's weak industrial base, no heavy industry. There are mining, manufacturing, construction and so on. Major industries include food processing, garment processing, paper and leather. Rice, corn, beans as main crops, bananas, sugar, sugar cane and coffee as the main cash crops.
　　Panama's rich tourism resources in the country in total foreign exchange earnings, the amount of tourism exchange earnings after the Panama Canal and the Colon Free Zone. Panama tourism operation
　　[Panama Canal]
　　Panama Canal
　　River, a large gate ladder, the Contadora resort, San Blas Islands and Lei Island. Panama Road is the main domestic traffic. Panama is a maritime power. 5% of the world charged with the Panama Canal trade cargo. The size of the port of Panama 15. Cristobal is the largest port in Hong Kong, Hong Kong is the second largest port Baerwoya. The two accounted for Panama port traffic 75% of international trade. Val Monte Hong Kong for fishing. Panama is one of the Latin American air cargo center, the largest Tocumen (formerly 名奥马尔托里霍 Sri Lanka) International Airport, a day more than 100 aircraft taking off and landing.
　　Panama's main export to the United States, Germany, Costa Rica, Italy and Puerto Rico; imports were mainly from the United States, Japan, Costa Rica, Germany, Venezuela, Ecuador. Imports of manufactured goods, oil and oil products, transportation equipment, machinery and food; major export bananas, sugar, shrimp, coffee, petroleum products.
　　Panama Canal, the Colon Free Trade Zone is located at the mouth of the Atlantic, was founded in 1953, a number of companies specializing in re-1550, and another 16 silver
　　[Colon Free Trade Zone]
　　Colon Free Trade Zone
　　Line. Is the world's second largest after Hong Kong's free trade zone.
　　Panama is a well-known offshore registration, the Panama Canal important, many ships are registered in Panama. Panama is a well-known offshore registry.
　　Culture and education
　　Panama for children aged 6 to 15 is compulsory. University of Panama, institutions of higher learning founded in 1935, school site is located in Panama City, in addition to University of Technology, University of Santa Maria University and the isthmus. Major newspapers, the "News", "Panama America", "Freedom Forum News" (and "Panama America," Department of sister newspaper), and "Century" and "Panama Star newspaper." Panama has 95 radio stations, most of the commercial units. 5 TV stations, radio broadcasting company that television stations in Panama, Isthmus television, educational television, the wave of air television stations and national television.
　　Foreign Affairs
　　Pursue an independent, non-aligned foreign policy, strengthen unity and cooperation with Latin American countries, developing relations with other countries.
　　Assistant in Seattle in 1936, the Chinese Consul Dengchuan Kai (Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, people) to change the Embassy stationed in Panama.
　　Panama Canal successive governments to recover the sovereignty of the basic objectives of its foreign policy.
　　Yinbanama recognition of Taiwan, China has yet to establish diplomatic relations. July 1984, China established the China Free Trade Area of Cologne, the Latin American Trade Center.
　　December 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama, most Latin American countries condemn the government does not recognize Enda La. Panama and Mexico, Peru, Ecuador and other countries Yinnuoliejia political asylum issue during the staff tensions. Panama to get rid of isolation in the international situation, the initiative to improve relations with Latin American countries.
　　Customs
　　Regardless of their degree of Panamanian culture, in social activities, are warm and hospitable. No matter who you are, can easily go to another guest house, the owner will be
　　[Traditional dress of Panama]
　　The traditional dress of Panama
　　Hospitality to guests, both sides have no strange feeling, like the family in general, the owner does not pay any compensation to the guests. The Choco Indian tribe, especially hospitality, good heart, in any case will not show a sense of enthusiasm.
　　In Panama, meet friends, according to meet the time greeting "Good Morning", "Good afternoon," "Good Night," "Hello", "very glad to see you," and so on. Greetings also shaking hands to one another between male friends, female friends, or the opposite sex than shake hands, but also embrace and kiss on the cheek.
　　Panamanian Constitution and the name of Spain and Mexico and other Latin American countries, the residents of the same order: name, father's surname, mother's surname. Community should address the most common man and woman. Mr. said the adult male, adult women known for married lady or wife, unmarried women can be said of Miss.
　　Residents of Panama and other Latin American countries, the taboo is basically the same, women do not like to be asked about her age, people dislike the situation and inquire about the private lives of men and women wage income, Panamanians that the monthly "13" This day is the most unlucky .
　　Panama to be the predominant food is rice, followed by maize, beans, kaffir lily, and banana. "Melon Joe" is the most famous of Panama's national dish, is rice, beans and meats. People also like to eat meat, made with cornmeal and corn bread, bacon, cooked rice and so on. Panama Branch residents are likely to drink to drink Coca-Cola, Pepsi and coffee.
　　[World-famous Panama hat]
　　World-famous Panama hat
　　In Panama, the city residents generally have a suit on formal occasions, quiet demeanor. Most rich people have a name of "Bo Liela" clothing, "Bolie La" is high quality white linen or advanced thin chiffon blouse made of linen, decorated with decals or a shirt embroidered with a variety of vivid images of animals and plants, the edge of the shirt's crepe hand-woven lace stitched along the neckline there is a bright contrast color yarn, knot front and back, the most typical clothing of rural residents was "under Missy Elijah," which is made of thin material with a long round neck shirt. Farmers like a straw hat and wearing sandals. Rural women often wear a calico dress clothing. Indian clothing has its own national characteristics.
　　Marriage customs of Panama follows the Catholic tradition basically required by national law monogamous. Most Indian marriages and weddings are conducted in accordance with Catholic practices and make arrangements, but the Indians still retain some of the nation's traditional practices.
　　Panama is a Western political ritual, ritual is entirely Catholic, but some Indians still retain their national ceremony. Some tribes _set_ off at festivals and ceremonies, the leaders have to be fancy, decorated with many feathers, others decorated with animal claws.
　　Panama and the festivals are usually people like to dance. "Drum" Dance is a primitive folk dance, has always been loved by people in the country and large-scale carnival celebration, this dance popular. In addition, Panamanians often conduct cockfights, bullfights and horse racing. They also like modern sports such as football, baseball, football, basketball, volleyball and so on.
　　】【Diet
　　Panama's water safe to drink.
　　Sizable capital of about 10 Chinese restaurants, are operated by overseas Chinese in Guangdong. Informal meals about $ 8 per person banquet. 24-hour downtown supermarket supply of fruits and vegetables, milk and so on.
　　Panamanians hi sweets, used after a meal with dessert, western food is mainly meat or fish, shrimp, a simple meal at noon, the time is 12:30, a more formal dinner, the time is 20:00. Health situation is good.
　　Chicken soup for the ordinary food of Panama. Panamanians to rice and corn-based food, they pay attention to flavors and taste of food produced, the more famous are rice, meat cooked beans. Panamanians called Sang Keqiao like food, locals used as dinner guests.
　　【Apparel】 etiquette
　　Panamanian traditional clothing, men wear long shirts and pants embroidered, embroidered women's wear print dress or skirt. Panama hat is called Duojiliya plant textile fibers or rods made of color with black stripes or a floral edge upturned straw hat, native to Ecuador, the Panamanian foreign tourists see more wear This hat, it is known as Panama straw hat.
　　】【Manners etiquette
　　Panamanians liked to talk to the distance between the two sides through closer, it seems they think that close to nature, or other suspected cold out there, they have some sign language, such as kissing the fingertips that praise.
　　Etiquette】【meet
　　In the formal social occasions, they met with guests from time to time line handshake, and between friends and family, meet from time to time to embrace the line ceremony, when acquaintances meet in the streets, places nod for the ceremony, local people answer the phone, always ask who you are , which is the habit of yourself first before European and American countries are different.
　　】【Dining etiquette
　　Panamanians to rice and corn-based food, they pay attention to flavors and taste of food produced, the more famous are rice, meat cooked beans. Panamanians called Sang Keqiao like food, locals used as dinner guests.
　　Funeral etiquette】【hi
　　Locals held a formal wedding, the girls must go through a rites of flowering, it is the woman will be proof of marriage, the ceremony, the whole village should be giving gifts to her parents entertained the whole village. Held each year to a local meat offering, known as DR Carnival. During the festival, people dressed in gorgeous costumes, dressed as a variety of strange characters.
　　】【Business Etiquette
　　Panamanians are in the business activities of Chinese and other clothing, the best places in the negotiations of foreign businessmen wearing suits. Local time on the appointment date does not necessarily, but as the best time to reach foreign customers. First business meeting can be handed printed in English, Spanish control of the business card, local merchants generally go home for lunch at noon, and now, with the economic development of Panama, is accelerating the pace of business activities, but they do not want people to press them.
　　【Travel】 Etiquette
　　Tourism is an important economic pillar of the Panama, the Panama Canal, Bridge of the Americas, an international financial center as well as the Contadora island known as the Pearl are renowned international tourist destination, the local government attaches great importance to tourism investment, efforts to improve the tourism environment.
　　【Main Contraindications
　　Contact with the Panamanians, do not talk about politics, the sovereignty of the Canal Zone and the government's foreign policy and other topics, the Panamanian guests, it should not praise the same items.
　　Overseas Chinese】【
　　In 1854, the first ship carrying Chinese immigrants arrived in Panama, the ship across the ocean, Chinese immigrants began to write the history of Panama and the building of Panama. Today, the Chinese with the Chinese people's wisdom and hard-working, successful integration into the Panamanian society and become an indispensable member of the Panamanian won the admiration and respect.
　　Such feelings do not deliberately look for Bing. Reporter went to Panama more than 3 months time, on different occasions, the dialogue with different sectors of the process of Panama, were able to talk about personal experience to the Panamanians demonstrated when the Chinese sense of intimacy.

pínglún (0)