埃塞俄比亚 Ethiopia 埃及 Egypt 突尼斯 Tunisia 阿尔及利亚 Algeria 尼日利亚 Nigeria 塞内加尔 Senegal 南非 South Africa 安哥拉 Angola 贝宁 Benin 布基纳法索 Burkina Faso 布隆迪 Republic of Burundi 博茨瓦纳 Republic of Botswana 赤道几内亚 Equatorial Guinea 多哥 Togo 厄立特里亚 Eritrea 佛得角 Republic of Cape Verde 冈比亚 Gambia 刚果 Republic of the Congo 刚果民主共和国 Democratic Republic of Congo 吉布提 Djibouti 几内亚 Guinea 几内亚比绍 Guinea-Bissau 加纳 Republic of Ghana 加蓬 Gabon 津巴布韦 Zimbabwe 喀麦隆 Republic of Cameroon 科摩罗 Comoros 科特迪瓦 Ivory Coast 肯尼亚 Republic of Kenya 莱索托 Kingdom of Lesotho 利比亚 Libya 利比里亚 Republic of Liberia 卢旺达 Republic of Rwanda 马达加斯加 Madagascar 马拉维 Malawi 马里 Republic of Mali 毛里塔尼亚 Mauritania 毛里求斯 Republic of Mauritius 摩洛哥 Kingdom of Morocco 莫桑比克 the Republic of Mozambique 纳米比亚 The Republic of Namibia 尼日尔 Niger 塞拉利昂 the Republic of Sierra Leone 塞舌尔 Seychelles 斯威士兰 Swaziland 苏丹 Sudan 索马里 Somalia 圣多美和普林西比 Sao Tome and Principe 坦桑尼亚 Tanzania 乌干达 The Republic of Uganda 赞比亚 The Republic of Zambia 乍得 the Republic of Chad 中非共和国 The Central African Republic |
zhōng fēi gòng hé guó The Central African Republic shǒudōu:bān jí guógūdàimǎ: cf |
zhōng fēi gòng hé guó( fǎ wén: RépubliqueCentrafricaine; sāng gē yǔ: KödörösêsetîBêafrîka) shì yī wèi yú zhōng bù fēi zhōu de guó jiā, qí qián shēn wéi fǎ shǔ wū bān jī - xià lì lǐng dì( Territoired'Oubangui-Chari), shì fǎ guó wèi yú fēi zhōu de zhí mín dì zhī yī。 shēn wéi yī nèi lù guó jiā, zhōng fēi cóng xī biān qǐ yǐ shùn shí zhēn fāng xiàng, fēn bié wéi kā mài lóng、 chá dé、 sū dān、 gāng guǒ mín zhù gòng hé guó yǔ gāng guǒ gòng hé guó suǒ bāo wéi。 zhōng fēi chéng lì yú 1958 nián 12 yuè, chū qī wéi bàn zì zhì de zhèng fǔ xíng tài, bìng qiě zài 1960 nián 8 yuè 13 rì zhèng shì xuān bù dú lì。 shǒu dū bān jī( Bangui, huò yì bān jí) shì yī wèi yú wū bān jī hé( Oubangui) yán 'àn de biān jìng chéng shì。
lì shǐ zhōng fēi gòng hé guó dú lì hòu, dà wèi · dá kē chū rèn lín shí zǒng tǒng, bù jiǔ chéng wéi gāi guó shǒu rèn zǒng tǒng。 1965 nián 12 yuè 31 rì wǎn shàng, lù jūn cān móu cháng bó kǎ sà shàng xiào fā dòng zhèng biàn tuī fān dá kē, bó kǎ sà zài cì rì zì lì wéi zǒng tǒng。 bó kǎ sà shàng tái hòu tuī xíng bào zhèng, rén mín kǔ bù kān yán。 1976 nián 12 yuè 4 rì, bó kǎ sà zì fēng huáng dì, gǎi guó míng wéi zhōng fēi dì guó, bìng zài cì nián 12 yuè 4 rì jǔ xíng shèng dà de jiā miǎn lǐ。 1979 nián 9 yuè 20 rì, qián zǒng tǒng dá kē chèn bó kǎ sà chū guó fǎng wèn lì bǐ yà zhī jì, zài fǎ guó jūn duì xié zhù xià fā dòng zhèng biàn tuī fān bó kǎ sà, dá kē zài cì chū rèn zǒng tǒng, bìng huī fù guó míng wéi zhōng fēi gòng hé guó。 1981 nián 9 yuè, ān dé liè · kē lín bā jiāng jūn fā dòng zhèng biàn tuī fān dá kē, zì rèn guó jiā yuán shǒu。 1993 nián, zhōng fēi jǔ xíng lì shǐ shàng shǒu cì mín zhù xuǎn jǔ, áng rè - fěi lì kè sī · pà tǎ sài dāng xuǎn zǒng tǒng。 2003 nián 3 yuè, qián wǔ zhuāng bù duì cān móu cháng fú lǎng suǒ wǎ · bó qí zé de bù duì gōng rù shǒu dū bān jī, pà tǎ sài zhèng fǔ bèi tuī fān, bó qí zé zì lì wéi zǒng tǒng。 bó qí zé zài 2005 nián zǒng tǒng xuǎn jǔ zhōng shèng chū。 céng jīng jiē dài liú wáng de hǎi dì zǒng tǒng 'ā lǐ sī dì dé。 qì hòu zhōng fēi gòng hé guó běi bù shǔ yú rè dài mǎng yuán qì hòu, nán bù zé wéi rè dài yǔ lín qì hòu。 zhèng zhì 2004 nián 12 yuè 5 rì de quán mín gōng jué tōng guò liǎo xīn xiàn fǎ, guī dìng zǒng tǒng wèiguó jiā yuán shǒu, yóu zhí jiē xuǎn jǔ chǎn shēng, rèn qī 5 nián, kě lián rèn yī cì。 zǒng lǐ wéi zhèng fǔ shǒu nǎo, yóu zǒng tǒng rèn mìng。 xīn xiàn fǎ shēng xiào hòu de dì yī jiè guó mín yì huì yòu 105 wèi yì yuán, yóu zhí jiē xuǎn jǔ chǎn shēng, rèn qī 5 nián。 jīng jì zhōng fēi shì shì jiè zuì bù fā dá guó jiā zhī yī, jīng jì yǐ nóng yè wéi zhù。 zì dú lì yǐ lái, zhèng fǔ yī zhí yǐ lài wài guó yuán zhù。 fǎ guó shì zhōng fēi de zuì dà yuán zhù guó, 1997 nián yǐ qián měi nián xiàng zhōng fēi tí gōng yuán zhù dá 6000 ~ 9000 wàn měi yuán。 1997 nián qǐ fǎ duì zhōng fēi yuán zhù jí jù xià jiàng zhì měi nián 3000 wàn měi yuán zuǒ yòu, dàn réng zhàn zhōng fēi suǒ huò wài yuán zǒng 'é de 30 % zuǒ yòu。 duō biān yuán zhù zhù yào yóu lián hé guó xì tǒng hé 'ōu méng tí gōng。 2000 nián zhōng fēi huò wài yuán zǒng 'é wéi 7590 wàn měi yuán, qí zhōng fǎ guó yuán zhù 5310 wàn měi yuán, ōu méng yuán zhù 590 wàn měi yuán guó fáng quán guó wǔ zhuāng bù duì fēn wéi lù jūn、 zǒng tǒng wèi duì、 xiàn bīng jí kōng jūn, hé gòng yuē 2500 rén。 lìng yòu wài guó zhù jūn。 xíng zhèng qū huá quán guó fēn wéi 16 gè shěng: 1. wēng bèi lā - mǔ bō kē shěng( Ombella-M'Poko) 2. luò bā yé shěng( Lobaye) 3. wǎ kǎ jiā shěng( Vakaga) 4. bā míng jí - bān gē lán shěng( Bamingui-Bangoran) 5. nà nà - gé lǐ bǐ qí shěng( Nana-Grébizi) 6. wǎ mǔ shěng( Ouham) 7. nà nà - màn bèi léi shěng( Nana-Mambéré) 8. wǎ mǔ - péng dài shěng( Ouham-Pendé) 9. màn bèi léi - kǎ dài shěng( Mambéré-Kadéï) 10. sāng jiā - mǔ bā 'āi léi shěng( Sangha-Mbaéré) 11. kǎi mò shěng( Kémo) 12. wǎ kǎ shěng( Ouaka) 13. xià kē tuō shěng( Basse-Kotto) 14. shàng kē tuō shěng( Haute-Kotto) 15. mǔ bó mù shěng( Mbomou) 16. shàng mǔ bó mù shěng( Haut-Mbomou) shǒu dū bān jī shì zhí xiá shì。 zhòng yào chéng zhèn bǐ láo( Birao) bù lǐ yà( Bria) yà lín jiā( Yalinga) ào bó( Obo) bān bā lǐ( Bambari) bān jiā sū( Bangassou) bān jī( Bangui) - zhōng fēi gòng hé guó shǒu dū bù 'ā 'ěr( Bouar) bèi bèi lā dì( Berberati) Most of the CAR consists of Sudano-Guinean savannas but it also includes a Sahelo-Sudanian zone in the north and an equatorial forest zone in the south. Two thirds of the country lies in the basins of the Ubangi River, which flows south into the Congo River, while the remaining third lies in the basin of the Chari River, which flows north into Lake Chad. Since most of the territory is located in the Ubangi and Shari river basins, the French called the colony it carved out in this region Ubangi-Chari, or Oubangui-Chari in French. This French colony of Ubangi-Chari became a semi-autonomous territory of the French Community in 1958 and then an independent nation on 13 August 1960. For over three decades after independence, the CAR was ruled by presidents who were not chosen in multi-party democratic elections or who took power by force. Local discontent with this system was eventually reinforced by international pressure, following the end of the Cold War. The first multi-party democratic elections were held in 1993 with resources provided by the country's donors and help from the UN Office for Electoral Affairs. They brought Ange-Félix Patassé to power, but President Patassé lost popular support and was overthrown by French-backed General François Bozizé in 2003. General Bozizé won a democratic election in May 2005. Inability to pay workers in the public sector led to strikes in 2007, forcing the resignation of the government in early 2008. A new Prime Minister, Faustin-Archange Touadéra, was named on January 22, 2008. The Central African Republic is one of the poorest countries in the world and among the ten poorest countries in Africa. The Human Development Index for Central African Republic is 0.369, which gives the country a rank of 179 out of 182 countries with data. In 2001, The Ecologist magazine estimated that Central African Republic is the world's leading country in sustainable development. |
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