中国经典 》 红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansions 》
第五十六回 敏探春兴利除宿弊 时宝钗小惠全大体 CHAPTER LVI.
曹雪芹 Cao Xueqin
高鹗 Gao E
CHAPTER LVI.
话说平儿陪着凤姐儿吃了饭，伏侍盥漱毕，方往探春处来。只见院中寂静，只有丫鬟婆子诸内Р近人在窗外听候。
平儿进入厅中，他姊妹三人正议论些家务，说的便是年内赖大家请吃酒他家花园中事故。见他来了，探春便命他脚踏上坐了，因说道：“我想的事不为别的，因想着我们一月有二两月银外，丫头们又另有月钱。前儿又有人回，要我们一月所用的头油脂粉，每人又是二两。 这又同才刚学里的八两一样，重重叠叠，事虽小，钱有限，看起来也不妥当。 你奶奶怎么就没想到这个？"平儿笑道：“这有个原故：姑娘们所用的这些东西，自然是该有分例。 每月买办买了，令女人们各房交与我们收管，不过预备姑娘们使用就罢了，没有一个我们天天各人拿钱找人买头油又是脂粉去的理。所以外头买办总领了去，按月使女人按房交与我们的。姑娘们的每月这二两，原不是为买这些的，原为的是一时当家的奶奶太太或不在， 或不得闲，姑娘们偶然一时可巧要几个钱使，省得找人去。这原是恐怕姑娘们受委屈，可知这个钱并不是买这个才有的。如今我冷眼看着，各房里的我们的姊妹都是现拿钱买这些东西的， 竟有一半。我就疑惑，不是买办脱了空， 迟些日子，就是买的不是正经货，弄些使不得的东西来搪塞。”探春李纨都笑道：“你也留心看出来了。脱空是没有的，也不敢，只是迟些日子，催急了，不知那里弄些来，不过是个名儿，其实使不得，依然得现买。就用这二两银子，另叫别人的奶妈子的或是弟兄哥哥的儿子买了来才使得。若使了官中的人，依然是那一样的。不知他们是什么法子， 是铺子里坏了不要的，他们都弄了来，单预备给我们？"平儿笑道：“买办买的是那样的，他买了好的来，买办岂肯和他善开交，又说他使坏心要夺这买办了。所以他们也只得如此，宁可得罪了里头，不肯得罪了外头办事的人。姑娘们只能可使奶妈妈们，他们也就不敢闲话了。”探春道"因此我心中不自在。钱费两起，东西又白丢一半，通算起来， 反费了两折子，不如竟把买办的每月蠲了为是。此是一件事。第二件，年里往赖大家去，你也去的，你看他那小园子比咱们这个如何？"平儿笑道：“还没有咱们这一半大，树木花草也少多了。”探春道：“我因和他家女儿说闲话儿，谁知那么个园子，除他们带的花，吃的笋菜鱼虾之外，一年还有人包了去，年终足有二百两银子剩。从那日我才知道，一个破荷叶，一根枯草根子，都是值钱的。”
宝钗笑道：“真真膏粱纨绔之谈。虽是千金小姐，原不知这事，但你们都念过书识字的，竟没看见朱夫子有一篇《不自弃文》不成？"探春笑道：“虽看过，那不过是勉人自励，虚比浮词，那里都真有的？"宝钗道：“朱子都有虚比浮词？那句句都是有的。你才办了两天时事，就利欲熏心，把朱子都看虚浮了。你再出去见了那些利弊大事，越发把孔子也看虚了！"探春笑道：“你这样一个通人，竟没看见子书？当日《姬子》有云：‘登利禄之场，处运筹之界者，窃尧舜之词，背孔孟之道。’"宝钗笑道：“底下一句呢？"探春笑道：’如今只断章取意，念出底下一句，我自己骂我自己不成？"宝钗道：“天下没有不可用的东西， 既可用，便值钱。难为你是个聪敏人，这些正事大节目事竟没经历，也可惜迟了。”李纨笑道：“叫了人家来，不说正事，且你们对讲学问。”宝钗道：“学问中便是正事。此刻于小事上用学问一提，那小事越发作高一层了。不拿学问提着，便都流入市俗去了。”
三人只是取笑之谈， 说了笑了一回，便仍谈正事。探春因又接说道：“咱们这园子只算比他们的多一半，加一倍算，一年就有四百银子的利息。若此时也出脱生发银子和人民主权等问题。是马克思批判地分析黑格尔哲学的第一，自然小器，不是咱们这样人家的事。若派出两个一定的人来，既有许多值钱之物，一味任人作践， 也似乎暴殄天物。不如在园子里所有的老妈妈中，拣出几个本分老诚能知园圃的事， 派准他们收拾料理，也不必要他们交租纳税，只问他们一年可以孝敬些什么。一则园子有专定之人修理，花木自有一年好似一年的，也不用临时忙乱，二则也不至作践，白辜负了东西，三则老妈妈们也可借此小补，不枉年日在园中辛苦，四则亦可以省了这些花儿匠山子匠打扫人等的工费。 将此有余，以补不足，未为不可。”宝钗正在地下看壁上的字画， 听如此说一则，便点一回头，说完，便笑道：“善哉，三年之内无饥馑矣！ "李纨笑道：“好主意。这果一行，太太必喜欢。省钱事小，第一有人打扫，专司其职，又许他们去卖钱。使之以权，动之以利，再无不尽职的了。”平儿道：“这件事须得姑娘说出来。我们奶奶虽有此心，也未必好出口。此刻姑娘们在园里住着，不能多弄些玩意儿去陪衬，反叫人去监管修理，图省钱，这话断不好出口。”宝钗忙走过来，摸着他的脸笑道：“你张开嘴，我瞧瞧你的牙齿舌头是什么作的。从早起来到这会子，你说这些话，一套一个样子，也不奉承三姑娘，也没见你说奶奶才短想不到，也并没有三姑娘说一句，你就说一句是，横竖三姑娘一套话出，你就有一套话进去，总是三姑娘想的到的，你奶奶也想到了，只是必有个不可办的原故。这会子又是因姑娘住的园子，不好因省钱令人去监管。 你们想想这话，若果真交与人弄钱去的，那人自然是一枝花也不许掐，一个果子也不许动了，姑娘们分中自然不敢，天天与小姑娘们就吵不清。他这远愁近虑， 不亢不卑。他奶奶便不是和咱们好，听他这一番话，也必要自愧的变好了，不和也变和了。 "探春笑道：“我早起一肚子气，听他来了，忽然想起他主子来，素日当家使出来的好撒野的人，我见了他便生了气。谁知他来了，避猫鼠儿似的站了半日，怪可怜的。接着又说了那么些话，不说他主子待我好，倒说‘不枉姑娘待我们奶奶素日的情意了。’这一句，不但没了气，我倒愧了，又伤起心来。我细想，我一个女孩儿家，自己还闹得没人疼没人顾的， 我那里还有好处去待人。”口内说到这里，不免又流下泪来。李纨等见他说的恳切， 又想他素日赵姨娘每生诽谤，在王夫人跟前亦为赵姨娘所累，亦都不免流下泪来， 都忙劝道：“趁今日清净，大家商议两件兴利剔弊的事，也不枉太太委托一场。 又提这没要紧的事做什么？"平儿忙道：“我已明白了。姑娘竟说谁好，竟一派人就完了。”探春道：“虽如此说，也须得回你奶奶一声。我们这里搜剔小遗，已经不当，皆因你奶奶是个明白人，我才这样行，若是糊涂多蛊多妒的，我也不肯，倒象抓他乖一般。岂可不商议了行。”平儿笑道：“既这样，我去告诉一声。”说着去了，半日方回来，笑说：“我说是白走一趟，这样好事，奶奶岂有不依的。”
探春听了，便和李纨命人将园中所有婆子的名单要来，大家参度，大概定了几个。又将他们一齐传来，李纨大概告诉与他们。众人听了，无不愿意，也有说：“那一片竹子单交给我，一年工夫，明年又是一片。除了家里吃的笋，一年还可交些钱粮。”这一个说：“那一片稻地交给我，一年这些顽的大小雀鸟的粮食不必动官中钱粮，我还可以交钱粮。”探春才要说话，人回：“大夫来了，进园瞧姑娘。”众婆子只得去接大夫。平儿忙说：“ 单你们，有一百个也不成个体统，难道没有两个管事的头脑带进大夫来？"回事的那人说：“有，吴大娘和单大娘他两个在西南角上聚锦门等着呢。”平儿听说，方罢了。
众婆子去后，探春问宝钗如何。宝钗笑答道：“幸于始者怠于终，缮其辞者嗜其利。”探春听了点头称赞，便向册上指出几人来与他三人看。平儿忙去取笔砚来。他三人说道：“这一个老祝妈是个妥当的，况他老头子和他儿子代代都是管打扫竹子，如今竟把这所有的竹子交与他。 这一个老田妈本是种庄稼的，稻香村一带凡有菜蔬稻稗之类，虽是顽意儿，不必认真大治大耕，也须得他去，再一按时加些培植，岂不更好？"探春又笑道：“可惜，蘅芜苑和怡红院这两处大地方竟没有出利息之物。”李纨忙笑道：“蘅芜苑更利害。 如今香料铺并大市大庙卖的各处香料香草儿，都不是这些东西？算起来比别的利息更大。怡红院别说别的，单只说春夏天一季玫瑰花，共下多少花？还有一带篱笆上蔷薇，月季，宝相，金银藤，单这没要紧的草花干了，卖到茶叶铺药铺去，也值几个钱。 "探春笑道：“原来如此。只是弄香草的没有在行的人。”平儿忙笑道：“跟宝姑娘的莺儿他妈就是会弄这个的，上回他还采了些晒干了辫成花篮葫芦给我顽的，姑娘倒忘了不成？ "宝钗笑道：“我才赞你，你到来捉弄我了。”三人都诧异，都问这是为何。宝钗道：“断断使不得！你们这里多少得用的人，一个一个闲着没事办，这会子我又弄个人来，叫那起人连我也看小了。我倒替你们想出一个人来：怡红院有个老叶妈，他就是茗烟的娘。那是个诚实老人家，他又和我们莺儿的娘极好，不如把这事交与叶妈。他有不知的， 不必咱们说，他就找莺儿的娘去商议了。那怕叶妈全不管，竟交与那一个，那是他们私情儿， 有人说闲话，也就怨不到咱们身上了。如此一行，你们办的又至公，于事又甚妥。”李纨平儿都道：“是极。”探春笑道：“虽如此，只怕他们见利忘义。”平儿笑道：“不相干，前儿莺儿还认了叶妈做干娘，请吃饭吃酒，两家和厚的好的很呢。”探春听了，方罢了。又共同斟酌出几人来，俱是他四人素昔冷眼取中的，用笔圈出。
一时婆子们来回大夫已去。将药方送上去。三人看了，一面遣人送出去取药，监派调服，一面探春与李纨明示诸人：某人管某处，按四季除家中定例用多少外《一个物理学家的沉思》、《几个物理概念的本性》、《事物的状，余者任凭你们采取了去取利，年终算帐。探春笑道：“我又想起一件事：若年终算帐归钱时，自然归到帐房，仍是上头又添一层管主，还在他们手心里，又剥一层皮。这如今我们兴出这事来派了你们， 已是跨过他们的头去了，心里有气，只说不出来，你们年终去归帐，他们还不捉弄你们等什么？ 再者，这一年间管什么的，主子有一全分，他们就得半分。这是家里的旧例，人所共知的，别的偷着的在外。如今这园子里是我的新创，竟别入他们手，每年归帐，竟归到里头来才好。”宝钗笑道：“依我说，里头也不用归帐，这个多了那个少了，倒多了事。不如问他们谁领这一分的，他就揽一宗事去。不过是园里的人的动用。 我替你们算出来了，有限的几宗事：不过是头油，胭粉，香，纸，每一位姑娘几个丫头，都是有定例的，再者，各处笤帚，撮簸，掸子并大小禽鸟，鹿，兔吃的粮食。不过这几样，都是他们包了去，不用帐房去领钱。你算算，就省下多少来？"平儿笑道：“这几宗虽小，一年通共算了，也省的下四百两银子。”宝钗笑道：“却又来，一年四百，二年八百两，取租的房子也能看得了几间，薄地也可添几亩。虽然还有敷余的，但他们既辛苦闹一年， 也要叫他们剩些，粘补粘补自家。虽是兴利节用为纲，然亦不可太啬。纵再省上二三百银子，失了大体统也不象。所以如此一行，外头帐房里一年少出四五百银子，也不觉得很艰啬了，他们里头却也得些小补。这些没营生的妈妈们也宽裕了，园子里花木，也可以每年滋长蕃盛，你们也得了可使之物。这庶几不失大体。若一味要省时，那里不搜寻出几个钱来。凡有些余利的，一概入了官中，那时里外怨声载道，岂不失了你们这样人家的大体？如今这园里几十个老妈妈们，若只给了这个，那剩的也必抱怨不公。我才说的，他们只供给这个几样，也未免太宽裕了。一年竟除了这个之外，他每人不论有余无余，只叫他拿出若干贯钱来，大家凑齐，单散与园中这些妈妈们。他们虽不料理这些，却日夜也是在园中照看当差之人，关门闭户，起早睡晚，大雨大雪，姑娘们出入，抬轿子， 撑船，拉冰床。一应粗糙活计，都是他们的差使一年在园里辛苦到头，这园内既有出息，也是分内该沾带些的。还有一句至小的话，越发说破了：你们只管了自己宽裕，不分与他们些，他们虽不敢明怨，心里却都不服，只用假公济私的多摘你们几个果子， 多掐几枝花儿，你们有冤还没处诉。他们也沾带了些利息，你们有照顾不到，他们就替你照顾了。”
众婆子听了这个议论， 又去了帐房受辖治，又不与凤姐儿去算帐，一年不过多拿出若干贯钱来，各各欢喜异常，都齐说：“愿意。强如出去被他揉搓着，还得拿出钱来呢。 "那不得管地的听了每年终又无故得分钱，也都喜欢起来，口内说：“他们辛苦收拾，是该剩些钱粘补的。我们怎么好‘稳坐吃三注’的？"宝钗笑道：“妈妈们也别推辞了，这原是分内应当的。你们只要日夜辛苦些，别躲懒纵放人吃酒赌钱就是了。不然，我也不该管这事，你们一般听见，姨娘亲口嘱托我三五回，说大奶奶如今又不得闲儿，别的姑娘又小， 托我照看照看。我若不依，分明是叫姨娘操心。你们奶奶又多病多痛，家务也忙。 我原是个闲人，便是个街坊邻居，也要帮着些，何况是亲姨娘托我。我免不得去小就大，讲不起众人嫌我。倘或我只顾了小分沽名钓誉，那时酒醉赌博生出事来，我怎么见姨娘？你们那时后悔也迟了，就连你们素日的老脸也都丢了。这些姑娘小姐们，这么一所大花园，都是你们照看，皆因看得你们是三四代的老妈妈，最是循规遵矩的，原该大家齐心， 顾些体统。你们反纵放别人任意吃酒赌博，姨娘听见了，教训一场犹可，倘若被那几个管家娘子听见了， 他们也不用回姨娘，竟教导你们一番。你们这年老的反受了年小的教训，虽是他们是管家。管的着你们，何如自己存些体统，他们如何得来作践。所以我如今替你们想出这个额外的进益来，也为大家齐心把这园里周全的谨谨慎慎，使那些有权执事的看见这般严肃谨慎，且不用他们操心，他们心里岂不敬伏。也不枉替你们筹画进益， 既能夺他们之权，生你们之利，岂不能行无为之治，分他们之忧。你们去细想想这话。”家人都欢声鼎沸说：“姑娘说的很是。从此姑娘奶奶只管放心，姑娘奶奶这样疼顾我们，我们再要不体上情，天地也不容了。”
刚说着， 只见林之孝家的进来说：“江南甄府里家眷昨日到京，今日进宫朝贺。此刻先遣人来送礼请安。 "说着，便将礼单送上去。探春接了，看道是：“上用的妆缎蟒缎十二匹，上用杂色缎十二匹，上用各色纱十二匹，上用宫绸十二匹，官用各色缎纱绸绫二十四匹。”李纨也看过，说：“用上等封儿赏他。”因又命人回了贾母。贾母便命人叫李纨， 探春，宝钗等也都过来，将礼物看了。李纨收过，一边吩咐内库上人说：“等太太回来看了再收。”贾母因说：“这甄家又不与别家相同，上等赏封赏男人，只怕展眼又打发女人来请安， 预备下尺头。”一语未完，果然人回：“甄府四个女人来请安。”贾母听了，忙命人带进来。
那四个人都是四十往上的年纪，穿戴之物，皆比主子不甚差别。请安问好毕，贾母命拿了四个脚踏来，他四人谢了坐学”、“逻辑学”、“文学”、“教育”、“人口学”中的“严复”，待宝钗等坐了，方都坐下。贾母便问：“多早晚进京的？"四人忙起身回说：’昨日进的京。今日太太带了姑娘进宫请安去了，故令女人们来请安，问候姑娘们。”贾母笑问道：“这些年没进京，也不想到今年来。”四人也都笑回道：“正是，今年是奉旨进京的。”贾母问道：“家眷都来了？"四人回说：“老太太和哥儿，两位小姐并别位太太都没来， 就只太太带了三姑娘来了。”贾母道：“有人家没有？"四人道：“尚没有。”贾母笑道：“你们大姑娘和二姑娘这两家，都和我们家甚好。”四人笑道：“ 正是。每年姑娘们有信回去说，全亏府上照看。”贾母笑道：“什么照看，原是世交，又是老亲，原应当的。你们二姑娘更好，更不自尊自大，所以我们才走的亲密。”四人笑道：“这是老太太过谦了。”贾母又问：“你这哥儿也跟着你们老太太？"四人回说：“也是跟着老太太。 "贾母道：“几岁了？"又问：“上学不曾？"四人笑说：“今年十三岁。因长得齐整，老太太很疼。自幼淘气异常，天天逃学，老爷太太也不便十分管教。”贾母笑道：“也不成了我们家的了！你这哥儿叫什么名字？"四人道：“因老太太当作宝贝一样，他又生的白，老太太便叫作宝玉。”贾母便向李纨等道：“偏也叫作个宝玉。”李纨忙欠身笑道：“ 从古至今，同时隔代重名的很多。”四人也笑道：“起了这小名儿之后，我们上下都疑惑， 不知那位亲友家也倒似曾有一个的。只是这十来年没进京来，却记不得真了。”贾母笑道：“岂敢，就是我的孙子。人来。”众媳妇丫头答应了一声，走近几步。贾母笑道：“园里把咱们的宝玉叫了来，给这四个管家娘子瞧瞧，比他们的宝玉如何？”
众媳妇听了，忙去了，半刻围了宝玉进来。四人一见，忙起身笑道：“唬了我们一跳。 若是我们不进府来，倘若别处遇见，还只道是我们的宝玉后赶着也进了京了呢。”一面说，一面都上来拉他的手，问长问短。宝玉忙也笑问好。贾母笑道：“比你们的长的如何？"李纨等笑道：“四位妈妈才一说，可知是模样相仿了。”贾母笑道：“那有这样巧事？大家子孩子们再养的娇嫩， 除了脸上有残疾十分黑丑的，大概看去都是一样的齐整。这也没有什么怪处。”四人笑道：“如今看来，模样是一样。据老太太说，淘气也一样。我们看来， 这位哥儿性情却比我们的好些。”贾母忙问：“怎见得？"四人笑道：“方才我们拉哥儿的手说话便知。 我们那一个只说我们糊涂，慢说拉手，他的东西我们略动一动也不依。 所使唤的人都是女孩子们。”四人未说完，李纨姊妹等禁不住都失声笑出来。贾母也笑道：“我们这会子也打发人去见了你们宝玉，若拉他的手，他也自然勉强忍耐一时。可知你我这样人家的孩子们，凭他们有什么刁钻古怪的毛病儿，见了外人，必是要还出正经礼数来的。若他不还正经礼数，也断不容他刁钻去了。就是大人溺爱的，是他一则生的得人意， 二则见人礼数竟比大人行出来的不错，使人见了可爱可怜，背地里所以才纵他一点子。若一味他只管没里没外，不与大人争光，凭他生的怎样，也是该打死的。 "四人听了，都笑说：“老太太这话正是。虽然我们宝玉淘气古怪，有时见了人客，规矩礼数更比大人有礼。所以无人见了不爱，只说为什么还打他。殊不知他在家里无法无天，大人想不到的话偏会说，想不到的事他偏要行，所以老爷太太恨的无法。就是弄性， 也是小孩子的常情，胡乱花费，这也是公子哥儿的常情，怕上学，也是小孩子的常情，都还治的过来。第一，天生下来这一种刁钻古怪的脾气，如何使得。”一语未了，人回：“太太回来了。”王夫人进来问过安。他四人请了安，大概说了两句。贾母便命歇歇去。王夫人亲捧过茶，方退出。四人告辞了贾母，便往王夫人处来。说了一会家务，打发他们回去，不必细说。
这里贾母喜的逢人便告诉，也有一个宝玉，也却一般行景。众人都为天下之大，世宦之多，同名者也甚多，祖母溺爱孙者也古今所有常事耳，不是什么罕事，故皆不介意。独宝玉是个迂阔呆公子的性情，自为是那四人承悦贾母之词。后至蘅芜苑去看湘云病去，史湘云说他：“你放心闹罢，先是‘单丝不成线，独树不成林’，如今有了个对子，闹急了， 再打很了，你逃走到南京找那一个去。”宝玉道：“那里的谎话你也信了，偏又有个宝玉了？ "湘云道：“怎么列国有个蔺相如，汉朝又有个司马相如呢？"宝玉笑道：“这也罢了， 偏又模样儿也一样，这是没有的事。”湘云道：“怎么匡人看见孔子，只当是阳虎呢？"宝玉笑道：“孔子阳虎虽同貌，却不同名，蔺与司马虽同名，而又不同貌，偏我和他就两样俱同不成？ "湘云没了话答对，因笑道：“你只会胡搅，我也不和你分证。有也罢，没也罢，与我无干。”说着便睡下了。
宝玉心中便又疑惑起来：若说必无，然亦似有，若说必有，又并无目睹。心中闷了，回至房中榻上默默盘算论，说价值不过是一种幻影，只有价格才是真实的。宣扬马，不觉就忽忽的睡去，不觉竟到了一座花园之内。宝玉诧异道：“ 除了我们大观园，更又有这一个园子？"正疑惑间，从那边来了几个女儿，都是丫鬟。宝玉又诧异道：“除了鸳鸯，袭人，平儿之外，也竟还有这一干人？"只见那些丫鬟笑道：“ 宝玉怎么跑到这里来了？"宝玉只当是说他，自己忙来陪笑说道：“因我偶步到此，不知是那位世交的花园， 好姐姐们，带我逛逛。”众丫鬟都笑道：“原来不是咱们的宝玉。他生的倒也还干净，嘴儿也倒乖觉。”宝玉听了，忙道：“姐姐们，这里也更还有个宝玉？"丫鬟们忙道：“宝玉二字，我们是奉老太太，太太之命，为保佑他延寿消灾的。我叫他，他听见喜欢。你是那里远方来的臭小厮，也乱叫起他来。仔细你的臭肉，打不烂你的。”又一个丫鬟笑道：“咱们快走罢，别叫宝玉看见，又说同这臭小厮说了话，把咱熏臭了。”说着一径去了。
宝玉纳闷道：“从来没有人如此涂毒我，他们如何更这样？真亦有我这样一个人不成？ "一面想，一面顺步早到了一所院内。宝玉又诧异道：“除了怡红院，也更还有这么一个院落。 "忽上了台矶，进入屋内，只见榻上有一个人卧着，那边有几个女孩儿做针线，也有嘻笑顽耍的。只见榻上那个少年叹了一声。一个丫鬟笑问道：“宝玉，你不睡又叹什么？想必为你妹妹病了，你又胡愁乱恨呢。”宝玉听说，心下也便吃惊。只见榻上少年说道：“我听见老太太说，长安都中也有个宝玉，和我一样的性情，我只不信。我才作了一个梦， 竟梦中到了都中一个花园子里头，遇见几个姐姐，都叫我臭小厮，不理我。好容易找到他房里头，偏他睡觉，空有皮囊，真性不知那里去了。”宝玉听说，忙说道：“我因找宝玉来到这里。原来你就是宝玉？"榻上的忙下来拉住：“原来你就是宝玉？这可不是梦里了。”宝玉道：“这如何是梦？真而又真了。”一语未了，只见人来说：“老爷叫宝玉。”唬得二人皆慌了。一个宝玉就走，一个宝玉便忙叫：“宝玉快回来，快回来！”
袭人在旁听他梦中自唤， 忙推醒他，笑问道：“宝玉在那里？"此时宝玉虽醒，神意尚恍惚，因向门外指说：“才出去了。”袭人笑道：“那是你梦迷了。你揉眼细瞧，是镜子里照的你影儿。 "宝玉向前瞧了一瞧，原是那嵌的大镜对面相照，自己也笑了。早有人捧过漱盂茶卤来， 漱了口。麝月道：“怪道老太太常嘱咐说小人屋里不可多有镜子。小人魂不全，有镜子照多了，睡觉惊恐作胡梦。如今倒在大镜子那里安了一张床。有时放下镜套还好， 往前去，天热困倦不定，那里想的到放他，比如方才就忘了。自然是先躺下照着影儿顽的， 一时合上眼，自然是胡梦颠倒，不然如何得看着自己叫着自己的名字？ 不如明儿挪进床来是正经。”一语未了，只见王夫人遣人来叫宝玉，不知有何话说——
The clever T'an Ch'un increases their income and removes long-standing abuses. The worthy Pao-ch'ai preserves intact, by the display of a little intelligence, the great reputation enjoyed by the Chia family.
But let us pick up the clue of our story. P'ing Erh bore lady Feng company during her meal; then attending to her, while she rinsed her mouth and washed her hands, she betook herself eventually to T'an Ch'un's quarters, where she discovered the courtyard in perfect stillness. Not a soul was about beyond several maids, matrons and close attendants of the inner rooms, who stood outside the windows on the alert to obey any calls. P'ing Erh stepped into the hall. The two cousins and their sister-in-law were all three engaged in discussing some domestic affairs. They were talking about the feast, to which they had been invited during the new year festivities by Lai Ta's wife, and various details in connection with the garden she had in her place. But as soon as she (P'ing Erh) appeared on the scene, T'an Ch'un desired her to seat herself on her footstool.
"What was exercising my mind," she thereupon observed, "confines itself to this. I was computing that the head-oil, and rouge and powder, we use during the course of a month, are also a matter of a couple of taels; and I was thinking that what with the sum of two taels, already allotted us every month, and the extra monthly amount given as well to the maids, allowances are, with the addition again of that of eight taels for school expenses, we recently spoke about, piled to be sure one upon another. The thing is, it's true, a mere trifle, and the amount only a bagatelle, but it doesn't seem to be quite proper. But how is it that your mistress didn't take this into account?"
P'ing Erh smiled. "There's a why and a wherefore," she answered. "All the things required by you, young ladies, must absolutely be subject to a fixed rule; for the different compradores have to lay in a stock of each every month; and to send them to us by the maids to take charge of; but purely and simply to keep in readiness for you to use. No such thing could ever be tolerated as that each of us should have to get money every day and try and hunt up some one to go and buy these articles for us! That's how it is that the compradores outside receive a lump sum, and that they send us, month by month, by the female servants the supplies allotted for the different rooms. As regards the two taels monthly allowed you, young ladies, they were not originally intended that you should purchase any such articles with, but that you should, if at any time the ladies in charge of the household affairs happened to be away from home or to have no leisure, be saved the trouble of having to go in search of the proper persons, in the event of your suddenly finding yourselves in need of money. This was done simply because it was feared that you would be subjected to inconvenience. But an unprejudiced glance about me now shows me that at least half of our young mistresses in the various quarters invariably purchase these things with ready money of their own; so I can't help suspecting that, if it isn't a question of the compradores shirking their duties, it must be that what they buy is all mere rubbish."
T'an Ch'un and Li Wan laughed. "You must have kept a sharp lookout to have managed to detect these things!" they said. "But as for shirking the purchases, they don't actually do so. It's simply that they're behind time by a good number of days. Yet when one puts on the screw with them, they get some articles from somewhere or other, who knows where? These are however only a sham; for, in reality, they aren't fit for use. But as they're now as ever obtained with cash down, a couple of taels could very well be given to the brothers or sons of some of the other people's nurses to purchase them with. They'll then be good for something! Were we however to employ any of the public domestics in the establishment, the things will be just as bad as ever. I wonder how they do manage to get such utter rot as they do?"
"The purchases of the compradores may be what they are," P'ing Erh smiled; "but were anyone else to buy any better articles, the compradores themselves won't ever forgive them. Besides other things, they'll aver that they harbour evil designs, and that they wish to deprive them of their post. That's how it comes about that the servants would much rather give offence to you all inside, (by getting inferior things), and that they have no desire to hurt the feelings of the managers outside, (by purchasing anything of superior quality). But if you, young ladies, requisition the services of the nurses, these men won't have the arrogance to make any nonsensical remarks."
"This accounts for the unhappy state my heart is in," T'an Ch'un observed. "But as we're called upon to squander money right and left, and as the things purchased are half of them uselessly thrown away, wouldn't it, after all, be better for us to eliminate this monthly allowance to the compradores? This is the first thing. The next I'd like to ask you is this. When they went, during the new year festivities, to Lai Ta's house, you also went with them; and what do think of that small garden as compared with this of ours?"
"It isn't half as big as ours," P'ing Erh laughingly explained. "The trees and plants are likewise fewer by a good deal."
"When I was having a chat with their daughter," T'an Ch'un proceeded, "she said that, besides the flowers they wear, and the bamboo shoots, vegetables, fish and shrimps they eat from this garden of theirs, there's still enough every year for people to take over under contract, and that at the close of each year there's a surplus in full of two hundred taels. Ever since that day is it that I've become alive to the fact that even a broken lotus leaf, and a blade of withered grass are alike worth money."
"This is, in very truth, the way wealthy and well-to-do people talk!" Pao-ch'ai laughed. "But notwithstanding your honourable position, young ladies, you really understand nothing about these concerns. Yet, haven't you, with all your book-lore, seen anything of the passage in the writing of Chu Fu-tzu: 'Throw not they self away?'"
"I've read it, it's true," T'an Ch'un smiled, "but its object is simply to urge people to exert themselves; it's as much empty talk as any random arguments, and how could it be bodily treated as gospel?"
"Chu-tzu's work all as much empty talk as any random arguments?" Pao-ch'ai exclaimed. "Why every sentence in it is founded on fact. You've only had the management of affairs in your hands for a couple of days, and already greed and ambition have so beclouded your mind that you've come to look upon Chu-tzu as full of fraud and falsehood. But when you by and bye go out into the world and see all those mighty concerns reeking with greed and corruption, you'll even go so far as to treat Confucius himself as a fraud!"
"Haven't you with all your culture read a book like that of Chi-tzu's?" Pan Ch'un laughed. "Chi-tzu said in bygone days 'that when one descends into the arena where gain and emoluments are to be got, and enters the world of planning and plotting, one makes light of the injunctions of Yao and Shun, and disregards the principles inculcated by Confucius and Mencius.'"
"What about the next line?" Pao-ch'ai insinuated with a significant smile.
"I now cut the text short," T'an Ch'un smilingly rejoined, "in order to adapt the sense to what I want to say. Would I recite the following sentence, and heap abuse upon my own self; is it likely I would; eh?"
"There's nothing under the heavens that can't be turned to some use," Pao-ch'ai added. "And since everything can be utilised, everything must be worth money. But can it be that a person gifted with such intelligence as yours can have had no experience in such great matters and legitimate concerns as these?"
"You send for a person," Li Wan laughingly interposed, 'and you don't speak about what's right and proper, but you start an argument on learning."
"Learning is right and proper," Pao-ch'ai answered. "If we made no allusion to learning, we'd all soon enough drift among the rustic herd!"
The trio bandied words for a while, after which they turned their attention again to pertinent affairs.
T'an Ch'un took up once more the thread of the conversation. "This garden of ours," she argued, "is only half as big as theirs, so if you double the income they derive, you will see that we ought to reap a net profit of four hundred taels a year. But were we also now to secure a contract for our surplus products, the money, we'd earn, would, of course, be a mere trifle and not one that a family like ours should hanker after. And were we to depute two special persons (to attend to the garden), the least permission given by them to any one to turn anything to improper uses, would, since there be so many things of intrinsic value, be tantamount to a reckless destruction of the gifts of heaven. So would it not be preferable to select several quiet, steady and experienced old matrons, out of those stationed in the grounds, and appoint them to put them in order and look after things? Neither will there be any need then to make them pay any rent, or give any taxes in kind. All we can ask them is to supply the household with whatever they can afford during the year. In the first place, the garden will, with special persons to look after the plants and trees, naturally so improve from year to year that there won't be any bustle or confusion, whenever the time draws nigh to utilise the grounds. Secondly, people won't venture to injure or uselessly waste anything. In the third place, the old matrons themselves will, by availing themselves of these small perquisites, not labour in the gardens year after year and day after day all for no good. Fourthly, it will in like manner be possible to effect a saving in the expenditure for gardeners, rockery-layers, sweepers and other necessary servants. And this excess can be utilised for making up other deficiencies. I don't see any reason why this shouldn't be practicable!"
Pao-ch'ai was standing below contemplating the pictures with characters suspended on the walls. Upon hearing these suggestions, she readily nodded her head assentingly and smiled. "Excellent!" she cried. "'Within three years, there will be no more famines and dearths.'"
"What a first-rate plan!" Li Wan chimed in. "This, if actually adopted, will delight the heart of Madame Wang. Pecuniary economies are of themselves a paltry matter; but there will be then in the garden those to sweep the grounds, and those whose special charge will be to look after them. Besides, were the persons selected allowed to turn up an honest cash by selling part of the products, they will be so impelled by a sense of their responsibilities, and prompted by a desire of gain that there won't any longer be any who won't acquit themselves of their duties to the fullest measure."
"It remained for you, miss, to put these suggestions in words," P'ing Erh remarked. "Our mistress may have entertained the idea, but it is by no means certain that she thought it nice on her part to give utterance to it. For as you, young ladies, live at present in the garden, she could not possibly, unable as she is to supply such additional ornaments as will make it more showy, contrariwise depute people to exercise authority in it, and to keep it in order, with a view of effecting a reduction in expenses. Such a proposal could never have dropped from her lips."
Pao-ch'ai advanced up to her with alacrity. Rubbing her face: "Open that mouth of yours wide," she laughed, "and let me see of what stuff your teeth and tongue are made! Ever since you put your foot out of bed this morning you've jabbered away up to this very moment! And your song has all been in one strain. For neither have you been very complimentary to Miss Tertia, nor have you admitted that your mistress is, as far as wits go, so much below the mark as to be unable to effect suitable provision. Yet whenever Miss Tertia advanced any arguments, you've at once made use of endless words to join issue with her. This is because the plan devised by Miss Tertia was also hit upon by your lady Feng. But there must surely have been a reason why she couldn't carry it into execution. Again, as the young ladies have now their quarters in the garden, she couldn't, with any decency, direct any one to go and rule over it, for the mere sake of saving a few cash. Just consider this. If the garden is actually handed to people to make profit out of it, the parties interested will, of course, not even permit a single spray of flowers to be plucked, and not a single fruit to be taken away. With such as come within the category of senior young ladies, they won't naturally have the audacity to be particular; but they'll daily have endless rows with the junior girls. (Lady Feng) has, with her fears about the future and her misgivings about the present, shown herself neither too overbearing nor too servile. This mistress of theirs is not friendly disposed towards us, but when she hears of her various proposals, shame might induce her to turn over a new leaf."
"Early this morning," T'an Ch'un laughingly observed, "I was very cross, but as soon as I heard of her (P'ing Erh's) arrival, I casually remembered that her mistress employed, during her time, such domestics as were up to all kinds of larks, and at the sight of her, I got more cross than ever. But, little though one would have thought it, she behaved from the moment she came, like a rat that tries to get out of the way of a cat. And as she had had to stand for ever so long, I pitied her very much; but she took up the thread of the conversation, and went on to spin that long yarn of hers. Yet, instead of mentioning that her mistress treats me with every consideration, she, on the contrary, observed: 'The kindness with which you have all along dealt with our lady miss, has not been to no purpose.' This remark therefore not only dispelled my anger, but filled me with so much shame that I began to feel sore at heart. And, when I came to think carefully over the matter, I failed to see how I, a mere girl, who had personally done so much mischief that not a soul cared a straw for me and not a soul took any interest in me, could possess any such good qualities as to treat any one kindly...."
When she reached this point, she could not check her tears from brimming over. Li Wan and her associates perceived how pathetically she spoke; and, recalling to mind bow Mrs. Chao had always run her down, and how she had ever been involved in some mess or other with Madame Wang, on account of this Mrs. Chao, they too found it difficult to refrain from melting into sobs. But they then used their joint efforts to console her.
"Let's avail ourselves of this quiet day," they suggested, "to try and find out how we could increase our revenue and remove abuses, so as not to render futile the charge laid on us by Madame Wang. What use or purpose is it to allude to such trivial matters?"
"I've already grasped your object," P'ing Erh hastily ventured. "Miss, speak out; who do you consider fit? And as soon as the proper persons have been fixed upon, everything will be square enough."
"What you say is all very well," T'an Ch'un rejoined, "but it will be necessary to let your lady know something about it. It has never been the proper thing for us in here to scrape together any small profits. But as your mistress is full of gumption, I adopted the course I did. Had she been at all narrowminded, with many prejudices and many jealousies, I wouldn't have shown the least willingness in the matter. But, as it will look as if I were bent upon pulling her to pieces, how can I take action without consulting her?"
"In that case," P'ing Erh smiled, "I'll go and tell her something about it."
With this response, she went on the errand; and only returned after a long lapse of time. "I said," she laughed, "that it would be perfectly useless for me to go. How ever could our lady not readily accede to an excellent proposal like this?"
Hearing this, T'an Ch'un forthwith joined Li Wan in directing a servant to ask for the roll, containing the names of the matrons in the garden, and bring it to them. When produced, they all held council together, and fixing cursorily upon several persons, they summoned them to appear before them. Li Wan then explained to them the general outline of their duties; and not one was there among the whole company, who listened to her, who would not undertake the charge. One said: "If you confide that bamboo tree for twelve months to my care, it will again next year be a single tree, but besides the shoots, which will have been eaten at home, I shall be able, in the course of the year, to also pay in some money." "Hand me over," another one remarked, "that portion of paddy field, and there will, during the year, be no need to touch any public funds on account of the various birds, large and small, which are kept for mere fun. Besides that, I shall be in a position to give in something more."
T'an Ch'un was about to pass a remark when a servant reported that the doctor had come; and that he had entered the garden to see Miss Shih. So the matrons were obliged to go and usher the doctor in.
"Were there a hundred of you here," promptly expostulated P'ing Erh, "you wouldn't know what propriety means! Are there perchance no couple of housekeepers about to push themselves forward and see the doctor in?"
"There's dame Wu and dame T'an," the servant, who brought the message, replied. "The two are on duty at the south-west corner at the 'accumulated splendour' gate."
At this answer, P'ing Erh allowed the subject to drop.
After the departure of the matrons, T'an Ch'un inquired of Pao-ch'ai what she thought of them.
"Such as are diligent at the outset," Pao-ch'ai answered smiling, "become remiss in the end; and those who have a glib tongue have an eye to gain."
T'an Ch'un listened to her reply; and nodding her head, she extolled its wisdom. Then showing them with her finger several names on the list, she submitted them for the perusal of the trio. P'ing Erh speedily went and fetched a pen and inkslab.
"This old mother Chu," the trio observed, "is a trustworthy woman. What's more, this old dame and her sons have generation after generation done the sweeping of the bamboo groves. So let's now place the various bamboo trees under her control. This old mother T'ien was originally a farmer, and everything in the way of vegetables and rice, in and about the Tao Hsiang village, should, albeit they couldn't, planted as they are as a mere pastime, be treated in such earnest as to call for large works and extensive plantations, be entrusted to her care; for won't they fare better if she can be on the spot and tend them with extra diligence at the proper times and seasons?"
"What a pity it is," T'an Ch'un proceeded smilingly, "that two places so spacious as the Heng Wu garden and the I Hung court bring no grit to the mill."
"Things in the Heng Wu garden are in a worse state," Li Wan hastily interposed. "Aren't the scented wares and scented herbs sold at present everywhere in perfumery shops, large fairs and great temples the very counterpart of these things here? So if you reckon up, you will find how much greater a return these articles will give than any other kind of product. As for the I Hung court, we needn't mention other things, but only take into account the roses that bud during the two seasons of spring and summer; to how many don't they amount in all? Besides these, we've got along the whole hedge, cinnamon roses and monthly roses, stock roses, honey-suckle and westeria. Were these various flowers dried and sold to the tea and medicine shops, they'd also fetch a good deal of money."
"Quite so!" T'an Ch'un acquiesced with a smile. "The thing is that there's no one with any notion how to deal with scented herbs."
"There's Ying Erh who waits on Miss Pao-ch'ai," P'ing Erh promptly smiled. "Her mother is well-versed in these things. It was only the other day that she plucked a few, and plaited them, after drying them well in the sun, into a flower-basket and a gourd, and gave them to me to play with. But miss can you have forgotten all about it?"
"I was this very minute speaking in your praise," Pao-ch'ai observed smiling, "and do you come to chaff me?"
"What makes you say so?" exclaimed the trio, in utter astonishment.
"It will on no account do," Pao-ch'ai added. "You employ such a lot of people in here that they all lead a lazy life and have nothing to put a hand to, and were I also now to introduce some more, that tribe will look even upon me with utter contempt. But let me think of some one for you. There's in the I Hung court, an old dame Yeh; she's Pei Ming's mother. That woman is an honest old lady; and is furthermore on the best of terms with our Ying Erh's mother. So wouldn't it be well were this charge given to this dame Yeh? Should there even be anything that she doesn't know, there'll be no necessity for us to tell her. She can go straightway and consult with Ying Erh's mother. And if she can't attend to everything herself, it won't matter to whom she relegates some of her duties. These will be purely private favours. In the event too of any one making any mean insinuations, the blame won't fall on our shoulders. By adopting this course, you'll be managing things in such a way as to do extreme justice to all; and the trust itself will also be placed on a most satisfactory footing."
"Excellent!" ejaculated Li Wan and P'ing Erh simultaneously.
"This may be well and good," T'an Ch'un laughed, "but the fear is that at the sight of gain, they'll forget all about propriety."
"That's nothing to do with us!" P'ing Erh rejoined a smile playing, about her lips. "It was only the other day that Ying Erh recognised dame Yeh as her adopted mother, and invited her to eat and drink with them, so that the two families are on the most intimate terms."
At this assurance, T'an Ch'un relinquished the topic of conversation, and, holding council together, they selected several persons, all of whom the four had ever viewed with impartial favour and they marked off their names, by dotting them with a pen.
In a little while, the matrons came to report that 'the doctor had gone;' and they handed the prescription. Their three mistresses then perused its contents. On the one hand, they despatched domestics to take it outside, so that the drugs should be got, and to superintend their decoction. On the other, T'an Ch'un and Li Wan explicitly explained to the various servants chosen what particular place each had to look after. "Exclusive," they added, "of what fixed custom requires for home consumption during the four seasons, you are still at liberty to pluck whatever remains and have it taken away. As for the profits, we'll settle accounts at the close of the year."
"I've also bethought myself of something," T'an Ch'un smiled. "If the settlement of accounts takes place at the end of the year, the money will, at the time of delivery, be naturally paid into the accountancy. Those high up will then as usual add a whole lot of controllers; and these will, on their part, fleece their own share as soon as the money gets into the palms of their hand. But as by this system, we've now initiated, you've been singled out for appointment, you've already ridden so far above their heads, that they foster all sorts of animosity against you. They don't, however, give vent to their feelings; but if they don't seize the close of the year, when you have to deliver your accounts, to play their tricks on you, for what other chances will they wait? Moreover, they obtain, in everything that comes under their control during the year, half of every share their masters get. This is an old custom. Every one is aware of its existence. But this is a new regime I now introduce in this garden, so don't let the money find its way into their hands! Whenever the annual settling of accounts arrives, bring them in to us."
"My idea is," Pao-ch'ai smilingly suggested, "that no accounts need be handed even inside. This one will have a surplus, that one a deficit, so that it will involve no end of trouble; wouldn't it be better therefore if we were to find out who of them would take over this or that particular kind and let them purvey the various things? These are for the exclusive use of the inmates of the garden; and I've already made an estimate of them for you. They amount to just a few sorts, and simply consist of head-oil, rouge, powder and scented paper; in all of which, the young ladies and maids are subject to a fixed rule. Then, besides these, there are the brooms, dust-baskets and poles, wanted in different localities, and the food for the large and small animals and birds, and the deer and rabbits. These are the only kinds of things required. And if they contract for them, there'll be little need for any one to go to the accountancy for money. But just calculate what a saving will thus be effected!"
"All these items are, I admit, mere trifles," P'ing Erh smiled, "but if you lump together what's used during a year, you will find that a saving of four hundred taels will be effected."
"Again!" smilingly remarked Pao-ch'ai, "it would be four hundred taels in one year; but eight hundred taels in two years; and with these, we could purchase a few more houses and let them; and in the way of poor, sandy land we could also add several acres to those we've already got. 'There will, of course, still remain a surplus; but as they will have ample trouble and inconvenience to put up with during the year, they should also be allowed some balance in hand so as to make up what's wanted for themselves. The main object is, of course, to increase profits and curtail expenses, yet we couldn't be stingy to any excessive degree. In fact, were we even able to make any further economy of over two or three hundred taels, it would never be the proper thing; should this involve a breach of the main principles of decorum. With this course duly put into practice, outside, the accountancy will issue in one year four or five hundred taels less, without even the semblance of any parsimony; while, inside, the matrons will obtain, on the other hand, some little thing to supply their wants with; the nurses, who have no means of subsistence, will likewise be placed in easy circumstances; and the plants and trees in the garden will year by year increase in strength and grow more abundantly. In this wise, you too will have such articles as will be fit for use. So that this plan will, to some extent, not constitute a breach of the high principles of propriety. And if ever we want to retrench a little more from where won't we be able to get money? But if the whole balance, if any, be put to the credit of the public fund, every one, inside as well as outside, will fill the streets with the din of murmurings! And won't this be then a slur upon the code of honour of a household such as yours? So were any charge to be entrusted to this one, out of the several tens of old nurses at present employed in the garden, and not to that one, the remainder will naturally resent such injustice. As I said a while back all that these women will have to provide among themselves amounts to a few articles, so they will unavoidably have ample means. Hence each should be told to contribute, beyond the articles that fall to her share during the year, a certain number of tiaos, whether she may or may not realise any balance, and then jointly lump these sums together, and distribute them among those nurses only on service in the garden. For although they may not have anything to do with the control of these things, they themselves will have to stay in the grounds, to keep an eye over the servants on duty, to shut the doors, to close the windows and to get up early and retire late. Whenever it rains in torrents or it snows hard and chairs have to be carried, for you, young ladies, to go out and come in; or boats have to be punted, and sledges drawn, these rough and arduous duties come alike within their sphere of work. They have to labour in the garden from one year's end to the other, and though, they earn something in those grounds, it's only right that they should able to get some small benefits in the discharge of their legitimate duties. But there's another most trivial point that I would broach with less reserve. If you only think of your ease, and don't share the profits with them, they will, of course, never presume to show their displeasure, but in their hearts they won't cherish you any good feeling. What they'll do will be to make public business a pretext to serve their own private ends with; they'll pluck more of your fruits than they should; and cut greater quantities of your flowers than they ought. And you people will have a grievance, but you won't have anywhere to go and confide it. But should they too reap some gain, they'll readily look after such things on your behalf as you won't have the time to attend to."
The matrons listened to her explanations; (and finding that) they would be removed from the control of the accountancy, that they would not be compelled to go and settle accounts with lady Feng, and that all that they would be called upon to do every year would be to supply a few more tiaos, were each and all delighted to an exceptional degree. So much so, that every one of them exclaimed in a chorus that they were quite prepared to agree to the terms. "It is better," they said, "than to be obliged to go out and be squeezed by them; and to have to fork out our own money as well."
Those too not entrusted with the care of any portion of land were also highly elated, when they heard that at the close of each year they would, though they had no valid claim, come in for some share of hard cash.
"They'll have to bear the trouble," they however argued, "to keep things in order, so it's only right that they should be left with a few cash to meet their various wants with; and how could we very well gobble our three meals without doing a stroke of work?"
"Worthy dames," Pao-ch'ai smiled, "you mustn't decline. These duties are within your province and you should fulfil them. All you need do is to exert yourselves a bit by day and night, and not be so remiss and careless as to suffer any of the servants to drink and gamble; that's all. Otherwise, I myself must have nothing to do with the control. But you, yourselves, know well enough that it's my aunt who appealed to me with her own lips three and five times to do it as a favour to her. 'Your eldest sister-in-law,' she represented, 'has at present no leisure, and the other girls are young,' and then she asked me to look after things. So if I now don't accede, it's as clear as day that I shall be the cause of much worry to my aunt. Our lady Feng herself is seriously ill, and our domestic affairs can't hang fire. I'm really with nothing to do, so were even a mere neighbour to solicit my help, I would also feel bound to lend her a hand in her pressure of work. How much more therefore when it's my own aunt, who invokes my aid? Setting aside the way I'm execrated by one and all, how would I ever be able to stare my aunt in the face, if, while I gave my sole mind to winning fame and fishing for praise, any one got so intoxicated and lost so much in gambling as to stir up trouble? At such a juncture remorse on your part will be too late! Even the old reputation you have ever enjoyed will entirely be lost and gone. Those young ladies and girls and this vast garden are alike placed under your supervision, purely and simply because one takes into account that you have been nurses to three or four generations and that you have most scrupulously observed the rules of etiquette and propriety. It's but fair that you should try, with one mind, and show some little regard for what's right and proper. But if you contrariwise behave with such laxity as to let people gratify their wishes by guzzling and gambling, and my aunt comes to hear of these nice doings, a little scolding from her will be of little consequence. But if the various women, who attend to the household, get scent of the state of affairs, they will haul you over the coals, without even so much as breathing one single word beforehand to my aunt. And venerable people, though you are, you will then, instead of tendering advice to young people, be called to account by them. As housekeepers, they exercise, it's true, authority over you; but why shouldn't you yourselves observe a certain amount of decorum? And if you do so, will they have any occasion to bully you? The reason why I've now bethought myself of this special boon for you is that you should unanimously strain every nerve to diligently attend to the garden, in order that the powers that be may, at the sight of your unrelenting care and zeal, have no cause to give way to solicitude. And won't they inwardly look up to you with regard? Neither will you render of no effect the various benefits devised for them. But go now and minutely ponder over all my advice!"
All the women received her words with gratification. "What you say is quite right," they replied. "From this time forth you, miss, and you, our lady, can well compose your minds. With the interest both of you feel on our behalf, may heaven and earth not spare us, if we do not display a full amount of gratitude for all your kindnesses."
These assurances were still being uttered when they saw Lin Chih-hsiao's wife walk in. "The family of the Chen mansion of Chiang Nan," she explained, "arrived in the capital yesterday. To-day, they're going into the palace to offer their congratulations. But they've now sent messengers ahead to come and bring presents and pay their respects."
While she spoke, she produced the list of presents and handed it up. T'an Ch'un took it over from her. "They consist," she said, perusing it, "of twelve rolls of brocades and satins embroidered with dragons, such as are for imperial use; twelve rolls of satins of various colours, of the kind worn by the Emperor; twelve rolls of every sort of imperial gauze; twelve rolls of palace silks of the quality used by his majesty; and twenty rolls of satins, gauzes, silks and thin silks of different colours, generally worn by officials."
After glancing over the list, Li Wan and T'an Ch'un suggested that a first-class tip should be given to the messengers who brought them, after which, they went on to direct a servant to convey the tidings to dowager lady Chia.
Old lady Chia gave orders to call Li Wan, T'an Ch'un, Pao-ch'ai and the other girls. On their arrival, the presents were passed under review; and this over, Li Wan put them aside. "You must wait," she said to the servants of the inner store-room, "until Madame Wang comes back and sees them; you can then lock them up."
"This Chen family too," old lady Chia thereupon added, "isn't like any other family; the highest tips should therefore be conferred upon the men. But as in a twinkle, they may also send some of their womankind to come and make their obeisance, silks should be got ready in anticipation."
Scarcely was this remark concluded before a domestic actually announced: 'that four ladies of the Chen mansion had come to pay their respects.'
Upon hearing this, dowager lady Chia hastily directed that they should be introduced into her presence. The four women ranged from forty years and over. Their clothing and head-gear were not, in any material degree, different from those of mistresses. As soon as they presented their compliments and inquired about their healths, old lady Chia desired that four footstools should be moved forward. But though the four women thanked her for bidding them sit down, they only occupied the stools, after Pao-ch'ai had seated herself.
"When did you enter the capital?" old lady Chia inquired.
The four women jumped to their feet with alacrity. "We entered the capital yesterday," they answered. "Our lady has taken our young lady today into the palace to pay their homage. That's why she bade us come and give you their compliments, and see how the young ladies are getting on."
"You hadn't paid a visit to the capital for ever so many years," dowager lady Chia smilingly observed, "and here you appear now quite unexpectedly!"
The four women simultaneously smiled again. "Quite so!" they said. "We received this year imperial orders, summoning us to the capital!"
"Has the whole family come?" old lady Chia asked.
"Our old mistress, our young master, the two young ladies and the other ladies haven't come up," the four women explained. "Only our lady has come, together with Miss Tertia."
"Is she engaged to any one?" old lady Chia asked.
"Not yet," rejoined the quartet.
"The two families, that of your senior married lady and that of your lady Secunda are both on most intimate terms with ours," dowager lady Chia smilingly added.
"Yes, they are," replied the four women with a smile. "The letters received each year from our young ladies, assure us that they're entirely dependent upon the kindness bestowed upon them, in your worthy mansion, for their well-being."
"What kindness?" old lady Chia exclaimed laughingly. "These two families are really friends of long standing. In addition to this, they're old relatives. So what we do is our simple bounden duty. What's more in the favour of your two young ladies is, that they're not full of their own importance. That's how it is that we've come to be on such close terms."
The four women smiled. "This is mainly due to your venerable ladyship's excessive humility," they answered.
"Is that young gentleman of yours too with your old mistress?" old lady Chia went on to inquire.
"Yes, he has also come with our old mistress," the four women retorted.
"How old is he?" old lady Chia then asked. "Does he go to school?" she afterwards inquired.
"He's thirteen this year," the four women said by way of response. "But all through those good looks of his, our old mistress cherishes him so fondly that from his youth up, he has been wayward to the extreme, and that he now daily plays the truant. But our master and mistress as well don't keep any great check over him."
"Yet, he can't resemble that young fellow of ours," old lady Chia laughed. "What's the name of your young gentleman?"
"As our old mistress treats him just like a real precious gem," the quartet explained, "and as his complexion is naturally so white, her ladyship calls him Pao-yue."
"Here's another one with the name of Pao-yue!" old lady Chia laughingly said to Li Wan.
Li Wan and her companions hastily made a curtsey. "There have been, from old times to the present," they smiled, "very many among contemporaries and persons of different generations as well, who have borne duplicate names."
The four women also smiled. "After the selection of this infant name," they proceeded, "we all, both high or low, began to give way to surmises, as we could not make out in what relative's or friend's family there was a lad also called by the same name. But as we hadn't come to the capital for ten years or so, we couldn't remember."
"That young fellow is my grandson," dowager lady Chia remarked. "Hallo! some one come here!"
The married women and maids assented and approached several steps.
"Go into the garden," old lady Chia smilingly said, "and call our Pao-yue here, so that these four housekeeping dames should see how he compares with their own Pao-yue."
The married women, upon hearing her orders, promptly went off. After a while, they entered the room pressing round Pao-yue. The moment the four dames caught sight of him, they speedily rose to their feet. "He has given us such a start!" they exclaimed smilingly. "Had we not come into your worthy mansion, and perchance, met him, elsewhere, we would have taken him for our own Pao-yue, and followed him as far as the capital."
While speaking they came forward and took hold of his hands and assailed him with questions.
Pao-yue however also put on a smile and inquired after their healths.
"How do his looks compare with those of your young gentleman?" dowager lady Chia asked as she smiled.
"The way the four dames ejaculated just now," Li Wan and her companions explained, "was sufficient to show how much they resemble in looks."
"How could there ever he such a coincidence?" old lady Chia laughed. "Yet, the children of wealthy families are so delicately nurtured that unless their faces are so deformed as to make them downright ugly, they're all equally handsome, as far as general appearances go. So there's nothing strange in this!"
"As we gaze at his features," the quartet added, with smiling faces, "we find him the very image of him; and from what we gather from your venerable ladyship, he's also like him in waywardness. But, as far as we can judge, this young gentleman's disposition is ever so much better than that of ours."
"What makes you think so?" old lady Chia precipitately inquired.
"We saw it as soon as we took hold of the young gentleman's hands," the four women laughingly rejoined, "and when he spoke to us. Had it been that fellow of ours, he would have simply called us fools. Not to speak of taking his hand in ours, why we daren't even slightly move any of his things. That's why, those who wait on him are invariably young girls."
Before the four dames had time to conclude what they had to say, Li Wan and the rest found it so hard to check themselves that with one voice they burst into loud laughter.
Old lady Chia also laughed. "Let's also send some one now," she said, "to have a look at your Pao-yue. When his hand is taken, he too is sure to make an effort to put up with it. But don't you know that children of families such as yours and mine are bound, notwithstanding their numerous perverse and strange defects, to return the orthodox civilities, when they come across any strangers. But should they not return the proper civilities, they should, by no manner of means, be suffered to behave with such perverseness. It's the way that grown-up people doat on them that makes them what they are. And as they can, first and foremost, boast of bewitching good looks and they comport themselves, secondly, towards visitors with all propriety--, in fact, with less faulty deportment than their very seniors--, they manage to win the love and admiration of such as only get a glimpse of them. Hence it is that they're secretly indulged to a certain degree. But if they don't show the least regard to any one inside or outside, and so reflect no credit upon their parents, they deserve, with all their handsome looks, to be flogged to death."
These sentiments evoked a smile from the four dames. "Your words venerable lady," they exclaimed, "are quite correct. But though our Pao-yue be wilful and strange in his ways, yet, whenever he meets any visitors, he behaves with courteousness and good manners; so much so, that he's more pleasing to watch than even grown-up persons. There is no one, therefore, who sees him without falling in love with him. But you'll say: 'why is he then beaten?' You really aren't aware that at home he has no regard either for precept or for heaven; that he comes out with things that never suggest themselves to the imagination of grown-up people, and that he does everything that takes one by surprise. The result is that his father and mother are driven to their wits' ends. But wilfulness is natural to young children. Reckless expenditure is a common characteristic of young men. Antipathy to school is a common feeling with young people. Yet there are ways and means to bring him round. The worse with him is that his disposition is so crotchety and whimsical. Can this ever do?...."
This reply was barely ended when a servant informed them that their mistress had returned. Madame Wang entered the room, and saluted the women. The four dames paid their obeisance to her. But they had just had sufficient time to pass a few general observations, when dowager lady Chia bade them go and rest. Madame Wang then handed the tea in person and withdrew from the apartment. But when the four dames got up to say good-bye, old lady Chia adjourned to Madame Wang's quarters. After a chat with her on domestic affairs, she however told the women to go back; so let us put them by without any further allusion to them.
During this while, old lady Chia's spirits waxed so high, that she told every one and any one she came across that there was another Pao-yue, and that he was, in every respect, the very image of her grandson.
But as each and all bore in mind that there were many inmates among the large households of those officials with official ancestors, called by the same names, that it was an ordinary occurrence for a grandmother to be passionately fond of her grandson, and that there was nothing out-of-the-way about it, they treated the matter as of no significance. Pao-yue alone however was such a hair-brained simpleton that he conjectured that the statements made by the four dames had been intended to flatter his grandmother Chia.
But subsequently he betook himself into the garden to see how Shih Hsiang-yuen was getting on.
"Compose your mind now," Shih Hsiang-yuen then said to him, "and go on with your larks! Once, you were as lonely as a single fibre, which can't be woven into thread, and like a single bamboo, which can't form a grove, but now you've found your pair. When you exasperate your parents, and they give you beans, you'll be able to bolt to Nanking in quest of the other Pao-yue."
"What utter rubbish!" Pao-yue exclaimed. "Do you too believe that there's another Pao-yue?"
"How is it," Hsiang-yuen asked, "that there was some one in the Lieh state called Lin Hsiang-ju, and that during the Han dynasty there lived again another person, whose name was Ssu Ma Hsiang-ju?"
"This matter of names is all well enough," Pao-yue rejoined with a smile. "But as it happens, his very appearance is the counterpart of mine. Such a thing could never be!"
"How is it," Hsiang-yuen inquired, "that when the K'uang people saw Confucius, they fancied it was Yang Huo?"
"Confucius and Yang Huo," Pao-yue smilingly argued, "may have been alike in looks, but they hadn't the same names. Lin and Ssu were again, notwithstanding their identical names, nothing like each other in appearances. But can it ever be possible that he and I should resemble each other in both respects?"
Hsiang-yuen was at a loss what reply to make to his arguments. "You may," she consequently remarked smiling, "propound any rubbish you like, I'm not in the humour to enter into any discussion with you. Whether there be one or not is quite immaterial to me. It doesn't concern me at all."
Saying this, she lay herself down.
Pao-yue however began again to exercise his mind with further surmises. "If I say," he cogitated, "that there can't be one, there seems from all appearances to be one. And if I say that there is one, I haven't, on the other hand, seen him with my own eyes."
Sad and dejected he returned therefore to his quarters, and reclining on his couch, he silently communed with his own thoughts until he unconsciously became drowsy and fell fast asleep.
Finding himself (in his dream) in some garden or other, Pao-yue was seized with astonishment. "Besides our own garden of Broad Vista," he reflected, "is there another such garden?" But while indulging in these speculations, several girls, all of whom were waiting-maids, suddenly made their appearance from the opposite direction. Pao-yue was again filled with surprise. "Besides Yuean Yang, Hsi Jen and P'ing Erh," he pondered, "are there verily such maidens as these?"
"Pao-yue!" he heard that company of maids observe, with faces beaming with smiles, "how is it you find yourself in here?"
Pao-yue laboured under the impression that they were addressing him. With hasty step, he consequently drew near them, and returned their smiles. "I got here," he answered, "quite listlessly. What old family friend's garden is this, I wonder? But sisters, pray, take me for a stroll."
The maids smiled with one consent. "Really!" they exclaimed, "this isn't our Pao-yue. But his looks too are spruce and nice; and he is as precocious too with his tongue."
Pao-yue caught their remarks. "Sisters!" he eagerly cried, "is there actually a second Pao-yue in here?"
"As for the two characters 'Pao-yue,'" the maids speedily explained, "every one in our house has received our old mistress' and our mistress' injunctions to use them as a spell to protract his life for many years and remove misfortune from his path, and when we call him by that name, he simply goes into ecstasies, at the very mention of it. But you, young brat, from what distant parts of the world do you hail that you've recklessly been also dubbed by the same name? But beware lest we pound that frowzy flesh of yours into mincemeat."
"Let's be off at once!" urged another maid, as she smiled. "Don't let our Pao-yue see us here and say again that by hobnobbing with this stinking young fellow, we've been contaminated by all his pollution."
With these words on her lips, they straightway walked off.
Pao-yue fell into a brown study. "There's never been," he mused, "any one to treat me with such disdain before! But what is it, in fact, that induces them to behave towards me in this manner? May it not be true that there lives another human being the very image of myself?"
While lost in reverie, he advanced with heedless step, until he reached a courtyard. Pao-yue was struck with wonder. "Is there actually," he cried, "besides the I Hung court another court like it?" Spontaneously then ascending the steps, he entered an apartment, in which he discerned some one reclining on a couch. On the off side sat several girls, busy at needlework; now laughing joyfully; now practising their jokes; when he overheard the young person on the couch heave a sigh.
"Pao-yue," smilingly inquired a maid, "what, aren't you asleep? What are you once more sighing for? I presume it's because your sister is ill that you abandon yourself again to idle fears and immoderate anguish!"
These words fell on Pao-yue's ears, and took him quite aback.
"I've heard grandmother say," he overheard the young person on the couch observe, "that there lives at Ch'ang An, the capital, another Pao-yue endowed with the same disposition as myself. I never believed what she told me; but I just had a dream, and in this dream I found myself in a garden of the metropolis where I came across several maidens; all of whom called me a 'stinking young brat,' and would have nothing whatever to do with me. But after much difficulty, I succeeded in penetrating into his room. He happened to be fast asleep. There he lay like a mere bag of bones. His real faculties had flown somewhere or other; whither it was hard for me to say."
Hearing this, "I've come here," Pao-yue said with alacrity, "in search of Pao-yue; and are you, indeed, that Pao-yue?"
The young man on the couch jumped down with all haste and enfolded him in his arms. "Are you verily Pao-yue?" he laughingly asked. "This isn't by any means such stuff as dreams are made of!"
"How can you call this a dream?" Pao-yue rejoined. "It's reality, yea, nothing but reality!"
But scarcely was this rejoinder over, than he heard some one come, and say: "our master, your father, wishes to see you, Pao-yue."
The two lads started with fear. One Pao-yue rushed off with all despatch. The other promptly began to shout, "Pao-yue! come back at once! Pao-yue; be quick and return!"
Hsi Jen, who stood by (Pao-yue), heard him call out his own name, in his dreams, and immediately gave him a push and woke him up. "Where is Pao-yue gone to?" she laughed.
Although Pao-yue was by this time aroused from sleep, his senses were as yet dull, so pointing towards the door, "He's just gone out," he replied, "he's not far off."
Hsi Jen laughed. "You're under the delusion of a dream," she said. "Rub your eyes and look carefully! It's your reflection in the mirror."
Pao-yue cast a glance in front of him, and actually caught sight of the large inlaid mirror, facing him quite opposite, so he himself burst out laughing. But, presently, a maid handed him a rince-bouche and tea and salt, and he washed his mouth.
"Little wonder is it," She Yueeh ventured, "if our old mistress has repeatedly enjoined that it isn't good to have too many mirrors about in young people's rooms, for as the spirit of young persons is not fully developed there is every fear, with mirrors casting their reflections all over the place, of their having wild dreams in their sleep. And is a bed now placed before that huge mirror there? When the covers of the mirrors are let down, no harm can befall; but as the season advances, and the weather gets hot, one feels so languid and tired, that is one likely to think of dropping them? Just as it happened a little time back; it slipped entirely from your memory. Of course, when he first got into bed, he must have played with his face towards the glass; but upon shortly closing his eyes, he must naturally have fallen into such confused dreams, that they thoroughly upset his rest. Otherwise, how is it possible that he should have started shouting his own name? Would it not be as well if the bed were moved inside to-morrow? That's the proper place for it."
Hardly had she, however, done, before they perceived a servant, sent by Madame Wang to call Pao-yue. But what she wanted to tell him is not yet known, so, reader, listen to the circumstances recorded in the subsequent chapter.
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【选集】红楼一春梦 |
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