Chennault was a fierce advocate of "pursuit" or fighter-interceptor aircraft during the 1930s when the United States Army Air Corps was focused primarily on high-altitude bombardment. Chennault retired from the United States Army in 1937, and went to work as an aviation adviser and trainer in China.
Starting in early 1941, Chennault commanded the 1st American Volunteer Group (nicknamed Flying Tigers). He headed both the volunteer group and the uniformed U.S. Army Air Forces units that replaced it in 1942. He feuded constantly with General Joseph Stilwell, the U.S. Army commander in China, and helped China's Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to convince President Roosevelt to remove Stilwell in 1944. The China-Burma-India theater was strategically essential in order to fix many vital elements of the Imperial Japanese Army on the Chinese mainland to limit their use against Allied forces advancing towards Japan in the two Pacific campaigns.
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Chennault Claire Lee Chennault (Claire Lee Chennault 1893-1958), American. Air Force Lieutenant General, U.S. aid to China Air Force "Flying Tigers" captain. Volunteer Battalion of the Chinese Air Force Commander of the United States. During the period 1937-1945 together with the Chinese people against Japanese invasion. Original 名克莱尔李谢诺 Stewart (Claire Lee Chennault), 1893 年 9 月 3 was born in Texas K-Max, a small farmer families. Graduated from high school to study aviation schools Hourukeli Buddha, and achieved outstanding results. World War I broke out, Chennault into Indiana. Benjamin. Officer school training at Fort Harrison. After 3 months, a reserve lieutenant into the Army Signal Corps Aviation Department. Autumn of 1918, Chennault Airport to Long Island as the 46th Fighter Mitchell team adjutant, he used his spare time learning to fly, have overcome many difficulties and resistance, and finally master the flying skills, and get the pilot positions in 1920, which transferred official flight, with the blue sky formed a deep bond. In 1923, Chennault transferred to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii as the expulsion of 19 Squadron squadron leader. In 1930, Chennault was recommended for admission to the Air Force Lan Li, Virginia tactical school. After graduation in Alabama Maxwell Air Force base in the tactical fighter tactics instructor school office. 30's, the Italian fashion industry world, the Air Force military theorist Duhei the "bombing first" combat theory, fighter is ignored. Chennault skeptical about this _set_ of theories. He firmly believes that modern air combat is not no fighter in the next war, fighter bombers will be the same as playing an important role. In 1935, he edited the publication of "defensive pursuit of the role of" a book to explain his views, he grouped in two to three fighter pilot - that was the U.S. Air Force to arrive at a theory that is nonsense: "In other factors is always the same circumstances, the difference between the two warring sides of the fire is not a difference in the number of fire units, but the difference between the square of the number of fire units, that is, a formation of the unit by two fighter jets to attack a target, not only two on one advantage but four to one advantage. "" two-machine group is most likely to exercise, and most focus fire on the enemy bombers or fighters, while the most to protect the driver of each attack. "Chennault teacher is the famous World War I pilots, the professor is the same old theory, Chennault do not agree, write an article refuting long 8-page article, which he became senior air force generals of the thorn in the side, the book was published, its tactics in the U.S. Army Air Corps in theory has a certain impact, but it did not attract the attention of top military circles. When Chennault Air Force is about to complete the study of China, the Sino-Japanese War broke out. War is the chance to test his theory of air warfare, his determination in the blue sky to realize their ambitions. He immediately went to the Chiang Kai-shek electricity, that is willing to do all of the positions of any services. Chiang accepted the call back request Chennault volunteer service, so that he "Ji Fu Cheong chaired the final team to fighter combat training." According to the request of Chiang Kai-shek, Chennault has recruited some of the U.S. volunteer pilots from the 14th Bomber Squadron. August 13, 1937, Battle of Shanghai begins. The next day, Chennault sent war planes. Although the Bombers bomb away from the goal, but China's air combat fighter in the day won. October 1937, China's aircraft left more than 10 planes, many of the Chinese pilot killed in action. Chennault managed to employ four French, three Americans, one Dutch and one German, with six surviving bomber pilot in China, formed an "international squadron." They successfully attacked the target number of enemy territory, causing panic in the Japanese. But in one afternoon, the Japanese aircraft attacked the airport, all of the international squadron of aircraft was destroyed. Chennault and China Aviation Committee in accordance with _set_ 3 months contract term of his advisers to 10 months to full. After Chiang Kai-shek, shek invited him to stay in China in the war, he decided to stay. They also did not matter to extend the contract, but he must be given a monthly salary. At that time, the U.S. government to Japanese invasion of China to the "neutral" attitude, the Japanese know that American advisers to help China in China, has asked the U.S. ordered all Air Force personnel in China and leave China. Chennault this case to tell the U.S. State Department, Chen categorically answer: wait until the last departure of the Japanese in China, I will happily leave China. Consulate threatened to arrest him, sending the military court, and will lose U.S. citizenship. Is the Donald to help him, so that American citizens would have been unable to arrest Chennault. But Chennault had no choice but to hide, do not easily go out, but he did not cease to make plans for the Chinese Air Force. Chennault Air Force in guiding the Chinese War of Resistance, which is little-known secret that only a small part of the Chinese National Government generals and officials who know. His leadership, command and air war in China, behind the scenes, rather than the stage. Because he can not directly issue an order, only advice as a consultant, and reported with the Aviation Committee, Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang Kai-shek in his plan on the instructions: "to do so correctly," the four characters. He's actually a lot of proposals and plans is the Air Force's operational plan. December 1937, the fall of Nanjing, Hankou Chennault army to withdraw. Almost wiped out when the Chinese Air Force, the aircraft had to rely on Soviet aid to China to defend the city. April 29, 1938, the Japanese Emperor's birthday. Chennault and China, the Soviet Air Force Commander concluded that the machine will not air the light of day, decided to punish the Japanese invaders. To lure Japanese aircraft attacks, Chen's plane to China and the Soviet withdrawal Hankow pretend to fly to Nanchang. After the first plane took off and circled over in Wuhan, so that people (including Japanese spy) to see them leave, night and slipping into the airport. 29 morning, Japanese aircraft from Wuhu Airport, under cover of fighter bombers flew over Wuhan. Chennault was at prior surveillance machine is only a back and forth from Wuhu to Hankow gasoline, then sent 20 fighters in the south of the pin down the Japanese fighter planes, so that they consume large amounts of gasoline, the Soviet Union in the city arranged 40 ambush in the high-altitude aircraft, and other Japanese machines Wuhu turn back when the separation of the bombers and fighters, the Japanese fighter not because of lack of oil to protect the bombers, the Soviet bomber aircraft attacked a team, a team of Strike Fighter, the 39 shot down 36 Japanese aircraft, only the three fled. This is the Emperor's Birthday fiasco. March 1938, the face of the Japanese large-scale attack, China's top military authorities to develop a "domestic enemy attacks on the Air Force program," Chennault command of two "Martin B-10" long-range bombers in Japan dropped 10 million leaflets; August , according to the requirements of Kai-shek, Chennault to organize aviation school in Kunming, the training of Chinese pilots. He is extremely humble in Kunming trainees under the condition of strict training, many people half-way be eliminated. Soviet Air Force in 1940 after the withdrawal of aid to China one after another officer, the Chinese Air Force in the number of absolute disadvantage, especially in the aircraft even more lacking. At this time the Chinese Air Force and the Japanese aircraft in the ratio 1:53, Japan complete control of China's air. May 20, 1940, Chiang Kai-shek summoned Chennault, asking him to the United States, managed to get the channel as much war material. Chennault returned to the U.S., though he did not what the U.S. military and political weight, but he preached the Chinese people's war everywhere, for all assistance. President Roosevelt's two assistants were lobbying Chennault moved in front in favor of Roosevelt on the establishment of Chennault Air Force plan. Military assistance to China, Roosevelt decided to drag the Japanese in China. Chennault After many _set_backs, finally get 100 P-40 fighter jets. April 14, 1941, President Roosevelt has signed an order to allow reserve officers in and out of army and navy air force soldiers to go to China to participate in the American Volunteer Group. In mid-July 1941, Chennault returned to China, has 68 aircraft, 110 pilots, 150 mechanics and other support staff arrived in China. February 3, 1942, contact Kai-shek Chennault, commander of the Air Force asked him to serve in China, was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. Chennault retired from the Army Air a little-known captain, became the world's headlines. In the U.S., the Pacific War began, the news is all bad on the battlefield, the war is in the darkest hours. Then suddenly emerge to lead a small group of Chennault "sharper soldiers" to take the news of the glorious victory, and immediately caused a sensation and excitement of Americans, Chennault became instant household hero in the United States, was "Flying Tiger General" of the name. May 1942, the Japanese army to occupy Burma, and then invaded Yunnan. To prevent the Japanese across the Nu River, commanding a volunteer group Chennault continuous attack. Hit Baoshan, Tengchong and Longling in the vicinity of the Japanese convoy in an attempt to force a Nu volunteer team, a team of Japanese soldiers in the bombing, almost annihilated. June, Chennault rate headquarters and two squadrons to Guilin. 12, a volunteer group in Guilin shot down Japanese aircraft over eight in one fell swoop, his only one injured. Guilin people to be blown away, raising 2 million reward the U.S. pilots. Japanese hit, the pilot heaven flustered timid, and requested additional aircraft. July 3, 1942, Chennault under the War Department and the Chiang Kai-shek's orders, the voluntary dissolution of the United States Air Force, and members of the main part of a voluntary team formed under the U.S. Army Air Force 10th Battalion 23. American Volunteer Force in China, Burma, Indo-China war over seven months, the loss to the air and ground 12 aircraft destroyed 61 of the price, get shot down 150 enemy aircraft and destroyed 297 enemy aircraft record. American Airlines lost a total of 26 Volunteer Force pilots. The expansion of the command authority to launch the planned Chennault began offensive operations. From late July, the U.S. and Japan to fight for air superiority in Central engaged in a fierce aerial combat. Chennault Air Force command, rely on "sophisticated intelligence communications network," only late in the July 8, the sky war, the U.S. military to shoot down 62 Japanese aircraft, their only loss of 3. After the U.S. Air Force master air supremacy, namely the Yangtze River and the northern Gulf of Japanese ships were bombed and attacked a series of Hankow, Hong Kong and Guangzhou airports, docks, a heavy blow to the Japanese army. November 25, 1943, Chennault Air Force command and Japanese expeditionary fleet in Taiwan airport, shot down 15 Japanese fighters, and to the airport, the 42 Japanese aircraft completely destroyed. Chinese people will never forget: the command of General Claire Chennault of World War II the most vulnerable, the most distant of a U.S. Air Force, shot down by Japanese troops in China, the sky more than 2,600 aircraft machine may be destroyed in about 1500, sunk and playing Bad 2.23 million tons at the Japanese merchant ships and 44 naval vessels, killing more than 66,700 Japanese soldiers, 13,000 Japanese troops destroyed 100 tons of river trade vessels, destroying 573 bridges! And he only paid a price for about 500 aircraft! Chennault returned a few days later, Japan surrendered. He was involved in the surrender ceremony, he could not last very uncomfortable. He said: "8 years, my only ambition is to defeat the Japanese, I hope to see for themselves the Japanese official claimed that their failure."
Translated by Google
English Expression
n.: Claire Lee Chennault, (Claire) Chennault, commander of Flying Tigers during World War II
Containing Phrases
Clare Li (surname) Claire Lee Chennault
Flying tiger check And china Girlish Year-end parties Food of Love Claire lee chennault And Chen preserved fragrant prune
Flying tiger check And china Girlish Year-end parties Food of Love Claire lee chennault And Chen preserved fragrant prune
