Zhang Naiqi (March 4, 1897 -1977 on May 13), formerly known as Chapter mix water with clay, the Chinese Qingtian people. One of the founders of China Democratic National Construction Association. Chapter 1911 Revolution was to participate in the military. 1913 admitted to the Provincial Class A business school in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Industrial Bank after graduating from office. In 1927, Zhang founded the "New Review" magazine, supported the KMT. In 1929, credit the establishment of the China chapter, to build China's largest corporate credit rating agencies, followed by part-time at the University Guanghua School. 1935, and the sponsoring organizations such as Ma Po Shanghai cultural Salvation Council, after adding all the National Salvation Association. November 1936, for refusing to accept the KMT leadership, was arrested as one of the Seven Gentlemen. After the outbreak of Sino-Japanese War, Zhang was released in 1938 Treasurer of Anhui, Chongqing, evacuated the following year. In 1941, the chapter is to protest the Soviet Union signed the Peace Treaty with Japan, recognize the acts of Manchukuo, announced its withdrawal from the national Federation of all salvation. After the war, initiated the establishment of other chapters and Huangyanpei Democratic National Construction Association, to participate in Political Consultative Conference. In 1946, he mouth tragedy in Chongqing school field injured after being forced out of Chongqing to Hong Kong. In 1949, Zhang went to Beijing, the People's Bank of China as advisers, and to participate in the CPPCC National Committee. In 1952, Zhang became the Minister of the People's Republic of grain, the creation of the food stamps system, stable prices. Zhang and Chen Shutong, Li Weihan jointly responsible for the creation of the National Federation of Industry, vice chairman. In 1957, the chapter was labeled a rightist anti-rightist campaign, dismissed. In 1962, the CPPCC as a letter to seek redress he is considered the "Revisionist" behavior, to dismiss Democratic National Construction Association. The Cultural Revolution began, in August 1966, severely beaten by Red Guards chapter, denied almost all of the property, the fourth wife, was beaten to death in Hong King. In 1975, Deng Xiaoping Zhang was being put off right with the help of a hat (a pardon, not rehabilitation), but shortly Deng, back again, right-wing suppression of the wind to reverse the verdict. Died 1977 in Beijing, was officially rehabilitated in 1980. Family * First wife (first wife), Wang mirror E (1897 -1963), the education has three sons and two daughters (two sons died early), Zhang Xiang-Hua, Zhang wing forces, Zhang Wan (Wan Hua), both domestic and foreign senior personnel. * Second wife beard infants (1907 ─ 1982), the father of a girl (Zhang Xiang Gu), Deputy Minister of Commerce early days. * Fiancee son (Jiang Yan, the former Fourth Army cadres), with a daughter (Dong Shuping). * Third wife, Yang Meizhen (1904 -1991), the Master of America, a former Democratic National Construction Association Central Committee. * Fiancee son, Sun Caiping, rules and a son who (formerly SUN Van) (1950 ─) as a historian, has also been active in Chinese literature, has published works. * Fourth wife, King Hong (? ─ 1967 years)
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Profile
Zhang Naiqi (1897-1977), Qingtian people, save the nation would "Seven Gentlemen" is one of China's modern history, a patriotic maverick pioneer of democracy.
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Student
Mr. Chang Nai-chi, Zhejiang Province, established in 1903 to enter a kind of business school (now Zhejiang Gongshang University) study, when he was only sixteen years old. Earlier in high school, he was interested Kwok and mathematical comparison, had fantasies of becoming a scientist. When the Revolution broke out, ideal for salvaging the country, who join the army, flying to Nanjing Provisional Government under the Ministry of the Army camp one year when students and soldiers. Later, Yuan Shikai fruits of the revolution is usurped, flight camp disbanded, in his own words, called "Man has been voted pen, Wu failed Shazei, veterans look around after a loss," so he came to Hangzhou to continue their education. All schools in the provincial capital was already completed recruitment, leaving a kind of business school admissions still, so in the case reluctantly into the school. Chang Nai-chi statue at the beginning of the school learning hyperopia, Chang Nai-chi Kwok and still study mathematics at heart, in love with a scientist's dream. The next year he began to read a thin layer of "The Economist", when read in the introduction, "the big trade port, often located in large rivers downstream" word, it is dumped, that it can not be found, said all the old books knowledge; later read "the least labor charges for maximum effect" of economic principles, but did not mention praise, since then, Chang Nai-chi and economics struck. Later, he once said that he was "accidental" become economists. He then through hard self-study, by a trainee grown famous economists and bankers, but for the anti-Japanese national salvation, not only ruined house alleviate difficult, but also gave up the bank's position and salary.
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Experience
He has created two well-known modern Chinese history, the democratic political parties - the National Salvation Council and the Democratic National Construction Association. But in order to stick to their political views, but also has left the two parties. He has been courtesy of Mao Zedong, successive government post. The political storm in 1957, due to waste words, and its people, because of man waste his words. But he did not change his mind, turn to blog for dead. Zhang Naiqi had Toubicongrong juvenile to participate in Revolution, after long service in the banking sector, business community, is a type of Chinese intellectuals in the foresight representatives. Zhang Naiqi 30's vice president of Zhejiang Industrial Bank, the creation of the first domestic Chinese-run credit agency - the credit bureaus. He stands for the unity of the national currency, the initiative to "credit expansion" instead of inflation, accelerated capital flows, the establishment of modern capital markets and securities markets. 1935 and Soong Ching Ling, Shen Junru Salvation Council and other organizations, advocates to stop the civil war, the same anti-Japanese, and so was imprisoned, became known as National Salvation Council "Seven Gentlemen" one. But against the prejudice the interests of the Chinese nation "at Su Zhongli Treaty" will save the nation out in 1939. 40's Institute of Industrial Economy of China Zhang Naiqi founder, advocated the establishment of "three-dimensional industrial economies", to avoid duplication of development and construction of surface and reasonable utilization of foreign capital, initiative and the development of the west property real-name system. 1945 and Huang Yan, Hu Juewen have launched Democratic National Construction Association, advocated democracy and peace, and against one-party dictatorship and civil war. Mao Zedong and the end of 1948 should be invited, give up the secret north of Hong Kong enterprises to participate in preparations for the new Political Consultative Conference. 1949, Zhang Naiqi Chief Administration Council members served, the rank of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee in 1952 as the nation's first food minister. As a prominent financial house, he was involved in the development of grain purchase and sale of major policy, the first food stamp system, basically solved the food problem six hundred million people. He proposed the scientific food processing, storage and other management objectives, establishing the economic accounting system. Chinese food for half a century political history, only 50 years a profit surplus. In 1957, Zhang Naiqi through independent thinking, the country's democracy and legal construction, the new era of class relations and personal views on issues such as worship, was critical and relieved of duty, but he insisted his political views, rejected the "right" conclusion to sign the final in 1963 was expelled from the Democratic National Construction Association and the National Political Consultative Conference. 1966 "Cultural Revolution" broke out, Zhang Naiqi by cruel persecution, old age is still in the face of adversity from time to time in the nation in mind. May 13, 1977 in Beijing, died at the age of 80. 1980, "right" wrong case vindicated. Left with are: "Zhang Naiqi _Select_ed Papers", "China's monetary and financial problems," "Riptide Collection", "after his release," "On the transformation of the Chinese economy", "Zhang Naiqi Collected Works," and so on.
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Five Zhang Naiqi anecdotal
Mr. Zhang Naiqi knowledgeable, upright nature, life, many anecdotes, the following is recorded in his body Ikunori anecdote. 1, the story of couplets Zhang Naiqi small smart, studious. 10 years old, he watched in his native Eastern "storm Pavilion" The play, a very young age already know Faithfulness good and bad, hated his wife framed Yue Fei Qin Hui. Together with friends, pierced with a straw Qin Hui couple bow to imitate the way adults project. See below his grandfather, Mr. Zhang Kai, easy to read: "The arrows of Qin Hui." Zhang Naiqi and without hesitation: "The pen like Yue Fei." Grandfather nodded and said: "The arrow traitor Qin Hui." Zhang Naiqi immediately replied: " pen like Yuefei Zhong Chen. "grandfather said:" arrow Qin Hui, a traitor notoriety. "Zhang Naiqi broke replied:" pen like Yue Fei, loyal lasts. " October 19, 1936, China's greatest writers, thinkers and revolutionaries of the death of Lu Xun in Shanghai. Star imminent demise of the bad news came, the National Progressive cultural progressives, especially those who are deplored. Zhang Naiqi an elegiac couplet for its pro-essays: "life did not yield, even death struggle", profoundly expressed the "will of the people who speak, Time trumpet Lu Xun" respect. October 22, National Salvation Council and other progressive organizations in Shanghai, Shanghai nations held a grand cemetery for the funeral of Lu Xun, Soong Ching Ling, Cai, Shen Jun-Ru, Zhang Naiqi other presided over the funeral, mourning at the funeral, Mr. Zhang Naiqi word. In 1957, Zhang Naiqi been wrongly classified as "rightists." But he is still the nation in mind, in good faith, said: "I party Piganlidan, I hope the party confided to me." To this end he wrote a self-title together: "check the truth of practice, time to solve the problem", convinced that history will make a fair conclusion (later, in many parts of this chapter together is used as a generic name associated temples, widely circulated.) "Cultural Revolution", Zhang Naiqi were brutally persecuted. Usually, he buy food to cook, to be optimistic in the face of adversity, so he essays together words: "the inevitable brain gut full of fat, cut it too and then peace of mind." 2 wonderful solution, "Finance" Since then, each turn of Zhang Naiqi class, the students were excited, and listen to him more and more students, often even the windowsill are filled with people. 3, Miao expose corrupt officials March 1938, Zhang Naiqi shall theater when he was commander of the Fifth and the KMT chairman of Anhui Provincial Government invited Li Tsung-jen, as Finance Director in Anhui Province. This was the official circles for a number of corrupt officials taking advantage of the national crisis of the machine, corruption, personal enrichment and other misdemeanors, Zhang Naiqi the beginning of his proposed "eradicate corruption" and the four major measures. In the next report under the provincial Education Minister Yang Lian, director of Liu-type building and a number of Um misdeeds of the officials of corruption to justice or arrested, or caught on and fled, but a few corrupt officials take the risk and continue to corrupt. On one occasion, the provincial government officials held a plenary meeting. Zhang Naiqi turn to speak, he suddenly an extraordinary remarks: "Chapter of a predicted resistance will be a victory, because the Chinese people are beat to death." Then they asked why the chapter director of this high, pointing to the provincial government Zhang Naiqi Security, Mr Qiu Guozhen, humor, and said: "Gentlemen, please ask the Director to the mound, the Director can make the dead back to life hill." everyone looked at each other, understand its meaning; Qiu Guozhen Zhang Naiqi also do not know why within the meaning of words. At this point, Zhang Naiqi deliberately removed from the briefcase several roster, said: "Gentlemen see the roster of these people have been killed and now have switched back to life. This is the Director of merit hill! "So, Qiu Guozhen some of the names of fallen soldiers are still reported inventories of their own to eat" empty places "pay. The matter had been unknown. On one occasion, Zhang Naiqi to the Treasury access to the books, the report found that the roster of security at several newspapers published on war dead, then check the list of fallen soldiers recruited, so the truth. In support of Li Tsung-jen, Qiu Guozhen was soon removed from the provincial government, and by the demotion action. 4, when the back "word division" September 1943, the anti-Japanese propaganda teams of border area 19-year-old Cao Mars, the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines to Pingxi, Ji Jin Village, Fangshan District, Beijing Xia Yun Ling classroom, in music, the party's anti-Japanese propaganda claims. He borrowed a popular local "rattle" folk form, write a "no new China without the Communist Party," This is the first popular immortal songs. But little known is that this song was originally called "Without the Communist Party is not China," Song in the "new" additions are related with the Zhang Naiqi. That was in December 1948, should power the CPC Central Committee invited Zhang Naiqi and Li Jishen, Mao Dun, Ma Yinchu more than 30 democracy activists and other secrets from the north of Hong Kong to participate in the preparations for the new Political Consultative Conference. January 7, 1949 to reach Northeast liberated, they were arranged a visit to Dalian and Port Arthur, Shenyang, factories, rural areas and schools. During a visit on the way, accompanied by people singing "Without the Communist Party there would be no China," the song, beautiful voice deeply shocked the Zhang Naiqi mind. However, to hear "Without the Communist Party is not China," the lyrics, the work has been seriously Zhang Naiqi ponder together. He thought, the Chinese Communist Party's achievements in Chinese history should be viewed with a scientific perspective, in the songs should be very accurately reflected. He was "Without the Communist Party there would be no China" phrase lyrics there is something wrong, and explained: "There is always the first in China, after the Communist Party, together with a 'new' words, no new China without the Communist Party was more appropriate also only objective and accurate. from logically makes sense, but also can indicate the different old and new China. "He has been the presence of this speech that people praise. All in accordance with his suggestion of a singing, really good, not only increased the boldness and pride, but also made more harmonious lyrics. His proposal was quickly reflected to the relevant departments of the CPC Central Committee. Soon, Zhang Naiqi to Beijing to meet Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong said to him kindly: "You mentioned a very good idea, we have changed the lyrics to On." Since then, the "no new China without the Communist Party," Yue Changyue loud, with the birth and growth of New China, until now, it has been encouraging the Chinese people under the banner of the party to forge ahead. Zhang Naiqi also able to make a return to "the word division." 5, "I will not distort history" In 1957, the "anti-rightist movement" began, Zhang Naiqi was beaten as a "rightist." Later, Zhang Naiqi were driven out of Beijing Chaoyang outside the small apartment, move into the eastern outskirts of an ordinary houses Hu Jia Lou, less than 12 square feet in a small room to get by. Open door of the hut all day, to accept supervision from all sides. "Cultural Revolution" in the day, a few hanging out to the hut Han briefcase, aggressive and said: "You worked with Zhang Jinfu in Anhui have come to, Zhang Jinfu is a traitor, you write a documentary." He finished, come out of a dozen paper, falling to the Zhang Naiqi before. Zhang Naiqi coldly replied: "I do not know Zhang Jinfu is a traitor, no way to write from." Messenger threatened him: "You do not write more than a sin." Zhang Naiqi sky and laughed: "in the end I'm still a socialist citizen. is not realistic, even citizenship did not do. "bearer ass:" It was wild. "Zhang Naiqi a Cheguo let him write material of paper, torn to pieces, increased aid, said:" I will not distort history! "
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Added
章乃器 补充
His son Zhang Li-fan, right-wing scholars In 2004, the establishment of Zhang Naiqi Zhejiang University Business School, Mr. Zhang Naiqi Alumni Memorial
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