Where the push step, Pu, phase, medical, clever, all skills are. Technology was to be able to self-I, also realize the day, non-induced natural habits. Gentlemen can of course, not roundabout, not mud, not pity, not God; villain to the, then spends all arrested roundabout barriers, mud Frydman through generosity, pity to praise the people, to slander people of God, so the former Santa do not think that education, mean that it also covered. Taizong Li Chunfeng remonstrance if not abuse Zhu, Xu Yin prescriptions were written vain, serious essays remonstrance substandard Qianling, when the person is Zoran benefit, it is also can be Jane. To well known, fruit, ask the broker and other sly strange, but also under those skills Yan. - "Biography of the 129th New Book of Tang Fang-chi"
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No. 2
Chunfeng (602 ~ 670): Tang outstanding astronomer, mathematician. Qishan people. Chunfeng's "Tuibei Tu" with its world-famous accurate predictions. 622, he was Mige doctor, petitioned writing of the new calendar, compiled 644 years, "Jia Zi Yuan Li", and later astronomy, calendar, and a great contribution to the development of mathematics. He is also the "law as Chi", a total of seven volumes, of "the difference between gains and losses before the celestial globe on behalf of" a significant impact on future generations. 641, the burden of preparation, "beams book", "Chen Shu", "Northern Qi book", "Zhou Shu", "Sui Shu" the general guidance of the responsibility for the "Book of Jin", wrote the "astronomical annals," "Law Calendar Chi, "" Five Elements Chi. " Sensitive to changes in preservation of ancient historical and natural disasters. Chunfeng is rated the world's first scientists to the wind. His monograph on the world's first meteorologist "B accounted for", the lookout is divided into eight. 1000, the British scholar was in the "B accounted for", based on the division of the wind is zero to 12. "New Book of Tang Fang-biography" reads: Where the push step, Pu, phase, medical, clever, are technology too. Technology was to be able to self-I, also realize the day, non-induced natural habits. However, to the Gentlemen, do not migrate, no mud, does not boast, not God; be the villain, then migrate into the room all arrested barriers, mud Erfu through generous boast to boast all, God framed person, so before Santa do not think that education, the cover also stingy. If the abuse is not to punish Taizong Li Chunfeng remonstrance, Xu Yin vain prescriptions were written, serious essays remonstrance sub Qianling, Zoran benefit when the person is, it is also can be Jane. To much to know, fruit, ask the broker and other strange deception, and those skills under the Yan. Chunfeng good and bad candidates in total, if the section Lease Of course, when the world of ghosts and spirits operation phase of the Italian family, non-learning can cause, the end can not be measured also. Feng Changle County men to labor. Dr Liang Feng Zhao and operator above, TA is positive and so the king really Confucian "five Cao," "grandchildren" and other books, TV _set_ annotations, stand-academia-government. Essays, "De Lin Li" generation "Tiger calendar," pushing candidates who most closely. Mige doctor from the complex as Taishi command, died. Relegated to "cultural institutions Zhi", "Otomi accounting" and other books pass the world. The son, Sun Xianzong, and pull Taishi command. In mathematics there are outstanding contributions to science should be regarded as Tang Emperor Li Chunfeng times. Not that his contribution to how much in math skills, but the comments and check out "The Ten count." Tang dynasty, the rulers in order to train competent calculation of low-level officials, decided to open the special examination of mathematics "Ming count Branch." _Set_ in the Imperial College Museum of arithmetic, recruiting "student count" learning mathematics. At first, tests and learning materials are not uniform, so the reference beam Li Chunfeng, who ordered and edited together with a _set_ of standard math textbooks, they are our ten count described above by. This is a very difficult task, because these books are not as at one time I, the ancient and did not invent printing, depends on manpower to copy, works great. In addition, due to limitations of the times, the writings of the ancients some errors do occur, if it not is fraught full copy down? Therefore, Li Chunfeng in this work not only on the various manuscripts were carefully checked, but also corrected several errors, for the then "count students" and future generations of learning has brought great convenience. More importantly, he put his views on a mathematical problem with the scientific achievements of other scholars in order to post comments on the form attached to the body after the treasure house of Chinese culture for the preservation of the many magnificent jewels. One of the most representative must be the derivation of the ball volume formula Zu Geng records, the original Zu Geng and Zu achievements recorded along with the "augmented technique", but was "augmented technique" lost, and only have the comments from the Chunfeng known. Throughout the ancient Chinese mathematics, since the "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" was written after the climax of the two: First, Wei said in front of us, one we will soon talk about the Song and Yuan dynasty. In the first high tide of the "Ten Classics count" as the representative of the Chinese ancient mathematical system has been formed; the second high tide would appear the results of a series of global significance. Chunfeng It is between these two high tide one of the most critical figure. Imagine, if no Early Chunfeng Annotation of "The Ten count" may not have a large number of years the Northern Song Dynasty Inscription count the popularity of books and mathematical knowledge, then the development of mathematics in the Song and Yuan times may be delayed. Therefore, Li Chunfeng the History of Mathematics in China, the position occupied can not be ignored. In addition, when Sui rapid development of applied mathematics, celestial bodies in the calendar and calculations, Xu Ang founded in 822 AD, the second interpolation method, and the mathematics used for taxation, industrial and commercial activities, the actual calculation of a large number of .
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Basic information
Phonetic: LI CHUN FENG Birthplace: Qi Zhou Yong (now Shaanxi Fengxiang) Gender: Male Occupation: mathematician, astronomer, meteorologist Buried: Sichuan Rural Langzhong Temple Reputation: history of world-class scientists and cultural figures
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Life:
Chunfeng (AD 602-670) was Qi Zhou Yong (now Shaanxi Fengxiang) people. His father Lee Broadcasting, had served as local officials Sui Dynasty, "in order to rank BC unsuccessful, official position and for the priests." Broadcast Lee "very literary, since the number Huangguan Zi, note" I ", ten essays chronicles AutoText volume, "and do" astronomical Fu elephant. " Of these, the academic orientation of Chunfeng life, no doubt have some effect. "Old Tang," The Legend of Chunfeng "Young Junshuang, of books involving Bo, Ming-yin and yang of astronomy and calendar science." This claim is not groundless. Early in the Golden Years (AD 627-649) of the early years, Chunfeng to emerge in the Tang Dynasty, while the cause is due to his astronomical attainments. Early line with the calendar is compiled by Fu Jen are "Tiger Yuan Li," there are some defects in this calendar, Chunfeng made a detailed study of the proposed amendments, Taizong sent study, the adoption of some of the recommendations of his . In ancient times, the academic calendar is specifically compiled in general difficult to interested scholars, and Chunfeng the "Tiger Yuan Li" when proposed revisions to more than 20 years, which naturally attracted attention. He also get the praise, Shi Lang was awarded to enter Taishi Bureau office, began his official career in astronomers.
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Achievement
1, he improved the invention of the Han Dynasty came to Hong astronomical armillary sphere, plus the ecliptic, equator, and white three-ring (old name Sunchime meter), more convenient and accurate astronomical observations to make, is the world's most advanced astronomical instruments. Armillary sphere of the Tang Dynasty are imitation of the structure of the system, are replicas of the Nanjing Purple Mountain Observatory also imitate the structure of armillary sphere. 2, he Shouzhao chair with Guoxue operator Ph.D. beam above, Imperial College assistant Wang Zhen Ru and other annotation "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" and "Ancient Mathematical ten by the" enactment of a national textbook, is the world's first math textbook, and later the East Mathematics influential far-reaching. China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other countries has been in use to modern times. Dr. Joseph Needham called: "The whole history of China's greatest math book notes." 3, a letter to his 25-year-old improvements "Tiger Yuan Li," Emperor personally presided over the council of experts, and ultimately adopted Chunfeng seven recommendations. 4, he compiled the "Book of Jin astronomical records," summed up the comet tail "refers to the eve see the East, the morning see the West refers to" the law always back the sun, nine hundred years earlier than in the West. By Needham as "astronomical treasure house of knowledge", far-reaching impact on the later development of astronomy. 5, he _set_ nearly 40 years of astronomical observations, the projected results, the preparation of the "Lin-De Li," and became his income in the Taishi Bureau mountain masterpiece, the surgeon called precision. 6, during his seclusion in the Chunfeng village, with their own design, "three-legged chicken wind standard" Guanfeng, wind, and wind as eight, and became the first scientist to ancient wind classification, 1000 , the European talent in the Chunfeng gale _set_ based on the refinement of the thirteen wind. Chunfeng achievements not only in the remarkable scientific practice, and wrote books in the achievements are also quite good: (1) he was 25 years old astronomical observatory and calendar of the "law like the records," seven-volume; (2) he Shouzhao Editors note of the "Book of Jin", "Sui Dynasty", "Five Dynasties", etc.; (3) he was "Wen BroadenGate should," "speech Arts for the People" and so on; (4) he and co-Yuan Tiangang "Tuibei Tu," predicted the "Heavenly Kingdom", "Qingbingruguan", "Japanese invasion of China" and other historical events, known as the East through the ages predicted Masterpieces; (5) He is the "home by" and the title of master of feng shui; (6) he was "Liu Ren Yin and Yang Jing", which is revered as the founder Liu Ren; (7) He edited the first ancient Chinese astrological masterpiece, "Otomi accounted for," as the ancient Chinese astrological encyclopedia, is a monograph on ancient meteorology has important value of cultural history and history of science. (8) He is the "golden flow beads cited," "too much text on a red seal note the three holes of God" and become a Daoist classics, and became famous Tang Dynasty Taoist. Therefore, the Ming Yang Weizhen said: "ancient and modern astronomical knowledge enumerated, should be most important Chunfeng."
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He worked
As Chunfeng outstanding achievements and contributions by the early Tang Li Yuan, Li Shimin, Emperor Li Zhi, reuse and Bazhuo three generations of his 48 years in court, has served: Room remember Qin government to join the army, will Tai Shi Shi Lang, Cheng Division, too often, Dr. Tai Shi Cheng, Taishi command, the Emperor Mige doctor. Langzhong passed away seclusion resign after Li Zhi, and awarded "chasing marsh complex," Fu Li Chunfeng chasing the "Taishi command." In summary, Li Chunfeng worthy of the ancient world-class scientists and historical and cultural celebrities.
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Encyclopedia
Li Chunfeng Chunfeng Early Chinese astronomers and mathematicians. Qi Zhou Yong County (now Shaanxi Fengxiang) people. Renshou Emperor Wen was born two years and died in the first year of Tang Emperor Xianheng. The early years of Emperor Zhen Guan, Fu Jen are controversial because of the calendar and get involved in those discussions agreed to enter Taishi Bureau. Chunfeng in Zhenguan seven years (AD 633) of manufacturing into a new armillary sphere. Kuni ancient armillary sphere of his instrument and four-meter swim between the increase of the ecliptic with a heavy ring, the equatorial ring and white three-ring Road, Chen instrument (see armillary sphere and celestial globe). He and thus the "Act as records," seven, comments, pros and cons of the previous generation armillary sphere. Zhenguan fifteen years, moved to Tai Shi Cheng, two years rose Taishi command. During this time, he is "Book of Jin" and "Sui Dynasty" written "astronomical records," and the "law of historical records," and the same reference beam. Wang Zhen Ru, who notes, "The Ten count." "Book of Jin" and "Sui Dynasty" and "astronomical records," except to collect a large number of astronomy and meteorology during the recording, but also the classification of these records, the names of some special made to explain astronomical phenomena, so that future generations understand the reflected in the name of astronomy content. He also pointed out that the comet tail "refers to the eve see the East, the morning see the West refers to" the law always back the sun, nine hundred years earlier than the West. "Book of Jin" and "Sui Dynasty" and "law of historical records," is to study the history of the Chinese calendar, the good information. Tang Emperor, because the original Fu Jen are with the "Tiger Calendar" big error, Liu Zhuo Li Chunfeng are based on the "imperial great experience" as the basis, compiled the new calendar, called the "Lin-De Li." "Lin-De Li," the first abolition of the ancient calendar, "chapter", "□", "Ji", "dollar" terms, and in 1340 for a variety of celestial movement cycle (such as the tropical year, lunar month, etc.) some of the odd zero The common denominator, which greatly simplifies the calculation steps. "Lin-De Li," New Moon used (see lunar) calendar arrangements spectrum; repeal Run weeks; entirely by observation and statistical regression to obtain the length of year and lunar month; made in the calculation of eclipses eclipse correction of poor items (in essence, as yellow and white yellow and white point of intersection point of intersection of the distance from the truth.) "Lin-De Li," the disadvantage is not considered precession (see precession and nutation). Chunfeng also the author of "Otomi accounting", which summarizes results of previous astronomical, and meteorological records of some of the Sky, Sky made a small number of more realistic estimate. In addition, he Author of "cultural institutions Zhi", "Mige recorded" and other books have been lost. (Zhuang Tianshan)
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: Li Chunfeng
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