historical administrative department : diet : China Rock band > hermit
Contents
《hermit》
Poet: Zheng Gangzhong

  Hermit together since ancient times in the mountains, Hermit Acrobatics the seek temporary ease.
  Beam off the body text is not free zone, made a short talk hairpin summer crown.
  Drinker hate unsolicited but narrow, with the points do not need to hire home wide.
  The remaining bone marrow sealed envelopes but who is full of Junen repay difficult.
shān rén
  : Means the hermit
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No. 3
  Hermit scholars to
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No. 4
  Wild-off Simao Yu, Hermit love bamboo. - Tang Wang Bo "Lee donated 14"
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No. 5
  : Formerly with divination, fortune-telling as a career person; alchemist
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No. 6
  Cable Division PO thunders not call to invite God, please sort out divining stalks Achillea Hermit divination. - Yuan Luo Guobin, "Luo Li Lang"
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No. 7
  Yu-shan. The official in charge of ancient forest. "Zuo Zhao Gong for four years": "As old diseases claim to husband Ming Fu, free from ice. Recluses taken from, County biographies, public opinion were satisfied of which belonged to possession of." Du Yu Note: "Hermit, Yu government also. "
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No. 8
  People who live in the mountains. "Guan Zi had": "Hermit off cutting interest, a mechanical device ... ... March, the tailor all of its easy its not." "Xunzi North Song": "it is almost enough wood Ze, Hermit almost enough fish. "
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No. 9
  Seclusion in the mountains of scholars. Southern Qi Gui Zhi hole "Beishan text": "Wai Xi night off Cape Air resentment, Hermit to Come dawn ape scared." Tang Wang Bo "Lee donated 14" one poem: "field off Simao Yu, Hermit love bamboo. "Yuan Sa" title Liu Huan in Sagong Mountain seclusion map "poem:" emission peak of knot thatch, Hermit night reading light. "Ming Huang Pu" Leisure in the Heritage and recorded ":" kuh the south Whitehead, Hermit reclusive pines. "
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No. 10
  That Xian Jia, priests and the like. Zhou Yu "Taoist Dreamland," Poetry 5: "Move Li Fu Court Officials, kind of apricot Hermit begging." Ni Fan note cited "Shu Yi Ji": "Dynamics in the South China Sea Island, the multi-apricot, apricot sea of people Unzen race Office. "Sushi Song" at the potential field that same year, Weng Ting Diao "Poetry:" Hermit Tie Guan after getting off the river when the silver comb low female laughter. "from the note:" Mount Tangdao Shi Guan Tie Guan often. "Jinyuan Good question, "Li Songyang Hermit Taoist article" Poetry: "ridiculous Hermit Lee, hobby world are rare."
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No. 11
  Divination, fortune-telling and other itinerant warlock collectively. Lu Song "Old School Om notes," Volume: "I go to the country 20 years up to me, from the Zhou Chengxiang charge one child, the are no restoration of old people, although Various Opinions on Clerk no carry on, but to sell micro-Pu-dong Hermit death ailments also not very old, reminisce sorrowful. "Yuan Huang Jin," Dedicated to those who talk about star "Poem:" Hermit long-off rivers and lakes, the water full of boats on the wind Xiaoxiao, meet, born of years asked me, suddenly out of the Star disc sleeve. "Qing Li Yu," Kite false media war ":" those who believe in matchmaking to learn to Shanren, the book introduced a bold champion for the pro. "
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No. 12
  The title of scholars of ancient scholars. Jin wen, "Snow King praised the neighborhood after the son of Dr. Xiang Yin," poetry: "Hermit Yishan trick humble, poor oral food to stay afar the public." "History of Ming Chuan Liang Dai": "good native Jinhua 9 Soul Mountain, and since the number 9 Soul Mountain people. "such as: Qing Wang Shizhen No. Yuyang from Hermit.
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No. 13
  ① mountain; people living in the mountains: Hermit to logging, herbs, hunting for a living.
  ② mountain hermit: Hermit Night Light Reading | Hermit love bamboo. Also refers to Xian Jia, priest: kind of begging apricot Hermit | Hermit Tie Guan after getting off.
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No. 14
  山人一般指隐士;又指山野之人,谦称;旧时以卜卦、算命为职业的人,有时也称“山人”。多出现在古代诗文中,和文人墨客的别号中。
  别号中有:清代画家朱耷号八大山人,近代画家齐白石号白石山人,等等。当代也有很多人别号山人,如网上一则简介:唐炜,号松川山人,斋号松川草堂,广西全州人.........
  自我谦称,如:戏曲《收姜维》中,诸葛亮语:“山人自有妙计”。
  称以卜卦、算命为职业的人,如:“也不索唤师婆擂鼓邀神,请山人占卦揲蓍。”----元·罗国宾《罗李郎》。
  诗文中有:
  1.“野客思茅宇, 山人爱竹林。 琴尊唯待处, 风月自相寻。”----唐·王勃《赠李十四四首之一》。
  2.“月出嵩山东,月明山益空。山人爱清景,散发卧秋风。风止夜何清,独夜草虫鸣。仙人不可见,乘月近吹笙。绛唇吸灵气,玉指调真声。真声是何曲,三山鸾鹤情。昔去落尘俗,愿言闻此曲。今来卧嵩岑,何幸承幽音。神仙乐吾事,笙歌铭夙心。”----唐·刘希夷《嵩岳闻笙》。
  3.“山人本合居岩岭,聊问支郎分半境。残年藜杖与纶巾,八尺庭中时弄影。呼儿汲水添茶鼎。甘胜吴山山下井。一瓯清露一炉云,偏觉平生今日永。”----宋·陈与义《玉楼春》。
  4.“千里行秋,支筇背锦,顿怀清友。殊乡聚首。爱吟犹自诗瘦。山人不解思猿鹤,笑问我、韦娘在否。记长堤画舫,花柔春闹,几番携手。别後都依旧。但靖节门前,近来无柳。盟鸥尚有。可怜西塞渔叟。断肠不恨江南老,恨落叶、飘零最久。倦游处,减羁愁,犹未消磨是酒。”----宋·张炎《月下笛》。
  历代别号山人的还有很多,如:
  1.大巴山人:是大巴山籍著名作家毛高田的笔名,毛高田另有笔名:东方散人、河湟浪人、高田苇地、毛苇等。
  2.新罗山人:清画家华喦(1682-1756),字德嵩,号秋岳、又号新罗山人、新罗生、白砂山人,别号东园生、布衣生、老年自喻“飘篷者”,福建上杭人。
  3.空谷山人:1937年出生,山西沁县人。本名曹水儒,别署空谷山人
  4.六岳山人:本名程福生〔明〕字孟孺,一作字梅严,号六岳山人,江西玉山人。万历初官中书。
  在中国儒道两家文化的浸润之下,中国古代的知识分子“达则兼济天下,穷则独善其身”,得意时出将入相,以“致君尧舜上,再使风俗淳”为目标;而一旦遇到挫折,则是另外一番样子:“今朝在世不得意,明朝散发弄扁舟”,或高卧林泉,或躬耕山野,或寄情于山水诗酒之中。前者虽然是读书人的追求目标,但后者亦同样受到人们的尊重,称其为“隐士”。 然而,从唐朝开始,山林也渐渐成了名利场,隐士改头换面,一心只想以“隐”入仕,他们纷纷以“山人”的面目出现了。
  何谓“山人”,沈德符在《万历野获编》里这么说:“山人之名本重,如李邺侯仅得此称,不意数十年出游无籍之辈,亦谓之山人。”因此,从明代开始,“山人”这一称谓有了特定的意义。
  “山人”以自己的所作所为渐渐和从前隐居山林的隐士拉开了距离,虽然他们也是读书人,不少也被社会以高人异士视之,不过他们的本质却是汲汲于功名利禄的伪君子,他们或依附于达官显贵,或奔走于将门相府,他们披着“山人”的外衣,却以追求荣华富贵为目的,深为时人所鄙视,直到最后将“山人”这个词弄成了深含贬义的词。
  到了嘉靖和万历年间,“山人”已经成为了“丑陋”的代名词。他们沽名钓誉,四处游走,恬不知耻地署名“某某山人”推销自己,甘当帮闲和打手。于是隐士一天天少下去,“山人”则一天天多起来,最后“山人”成为一个十分可笑而又可耻的群体。
  【词意探源】:
  (1)即山虞。古代掌管山林的官员。《左传·昭公四年》:“山人取之。”;孔颖达疏:“《周礼》:‘山虞掌山林之政令。’知山人,虞官。”
  (2)指隐士。王勃《赠李十四》诗:“野客思茅宇,山人爱竹林。”
  (3)指从事卜卦、算命等职业的人。石君宝《秋胡戏妻》第一折:“你可也曾量忖,问山人,怎生的不拣择个吉日良辰?”
English Expression
  1. n.:  hermit,  fortune-teller,  a hermit,  a recluse