"Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems, a total income of the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn since the middle of about five hundred years of poetry three hundred and five ("Xiao Ya," and another six in the "Sheng Poems", there for no words, do not count), so called "Three Hundred", and "Book", "Book of Rites," "Book of Changes", "Spring" collectively known as the Five Classics. "Of old" poem "Three Bai Yupian, and Confucius, to its re ... ..." ("Historical Records family of Confucius"), reportedly scheduled to Confucius. Initially called "Poems", was regarded as a classic Han Confucians, is called "The Book of Songs." He created a poetry of the ancient tradition of excellence of realism. "Book of Songs" in the content, its original nature, is the lyrics. "Mozi Public Meng," said: "Ode three hundred, three hundred poems string, Costa hundred, three hundred dance poem" means "poetry" three Bai Yupian, can recite chants, used musical instruments, singing, dancers. "Historical Records family of Confucius," added: "three hundred and fifty, all is music of Confucius, in order to co-Shao, Wu, Ya, Song of the music." Although these claims, or can still explore, but the "Book of Songs" in ancient and Music and dance are closely related, is no doubt. "Book of Songs" is not only the first collection of poems, but also a reflection of society at that time the encyclopedia. China's "realism," the source and the representative of traditional poetry.
"Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems, a total income of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period about six years of three hundred and eleven poems. "Book of Songs" is divided into the wind (160), Ya (105), Chung (40) three parts, as well as six poems for the Sheng, only the title, no content. They had names in the music. "Wind" is the meaning of tone. The ancients called "Qin Feng", "Wei Feng", "Cheng Feng", as we say now tune in Shaanxi, Shanxi tone, Henan tune, "Ya" is a positive meaning. People have called the Zhou Dynasty court music is the sound, like the Qing Dynasty people have called Ya Kun Department, with a kind of respect in this. Daya Xiaoya may be based on chronological and points. "Song" is a festival for the ancestral songs. "Book of Songs" China's first poetry collection. It is a collection of early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn from the middle of about 600 poems 311 years. Where 6 is Sheng poetry, only the title, no content, the existing 305. To the Warring States period. Ceremony Disintegration, lost a lot of music, the only lyrics are incorporated into the "Book of Songs." Qin called "Poetry", or whichever is an integer known as "Three Hundred Poems." Western Han Dynasty, the title of the Confucian classics, the beginning of the "Book of Songs," and still in use. Compiled on the "Book of Songs" compilation, the Han Dynasty There are three theories: ① pedestrian poem collection said. "Han Dynasty History" contains: "In ancient poem collection of government, the king so the concept of custom, known gains and losses, Self is also." "The Book of Songs" Rhymes and 305 systems and the use of rhyme and poetry rules are basically the same form , and it includes a long time, region wide transport facilities in ancient times, the variance in case of language, if not through a purposeful collection and sorting, to produce a collection of poems that is unthinkable. Thus poem collection that is credible. ② Confucius of poems said. "Historical Records family of Confucius," contains: "In ancient poetry more than three thousand articles, until Confucius to its weight, can be applied to the propriety and justice ... take ... three hundred and fifty, all is music of Confucius." Brief Account of Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi, Ming Zhu Yizun, said Wei Qing, etc. are skeptical on this. "Book of Songs," a book about the 6th century BC, when Confucius yet unborn; BC 544 Lu in Wugong Zi Ji Zha to view music, musicians Lu for his poetry of the order of the wind played with this the "Book of Songs" basic the same, that means that there was a "poem", this time Confucius was only 8 years old. Therefore, modern scholars generally believe that poems in that credible. However, according to "The Analects" Confucius said: "I returned to Lu in self-defense, and music is, Ya, Song proper place," shows that Confucius did for the "poetry" is through music. New voice to the late Spring and Autumn but the rise of ancient music lost, "Three Hundred Poems," Costa will be handed down only, as seen today of the poetry collection. ③ offer of Poetry. Column in the Zhou Dynasty, when Gongqing who offer poetry, Chen Shih to the United States or satirical song, there is a historical test positive. It was not the emperor in order to "hearings" and "test is still the beauty of its evil customs", and ordered princes Baiguan Song Offerings. "Singer of the song": "Son of Heaven hearings, who offered to Gongqing As for the poem out, blind offer music, ... ... Master Zhen, Sou Fu, Meng recite." This is mainly to reflect the people, examine the political gains and losses, and ultimately used to maintain their rule, which is the "Han literary records," says: "So the king custom view, knowledge gains and losses, Self is also." Zhu Xi also in the "Collection of Poetry" also said: "Poetry" is the "princes of tribute to the emperor adopted." But also in the "Han Food and Money," "Book of Rites kingship", "Jin Six" has a similar record. Style category "Book of Songs" was recorded, the lyrics are to music once. "Book of Songs," the style is different to the nature of the music division, and divided into wind, Ya, Song categories. ① wind. Different areas of local music, mostly folk songs. "Wind," Poetry is from Zhou Nan, Zhao Nan, Bei, Yong, Wei Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Chen, Hui Cao, Bin come collected in 15 regions of the Folk Songs. A total of 160. Mostly folk songs. ② Ya. The joy of the court, is directly under the region's Zhou Dynasty, most of the works of the nobility, the so-called music is the sound Ya. "Ya" Poetry is the court or to the morning feast to enjoy songs of the time, according to the different music is divided into "Daya" 31, "Xiao Ya," 74, a total of 105. In addition to "Xiao Ya," there are a few songs, most literary works of the nobility. ③ Chung. Is the ancestral ritual and epic songs, the content is more than the praise of ancestors exploits. "Song" Poem is divided into "Zhou Song," 31, "Lu Song" 4, "Commercial Song" 5, a total of 40 articles. All literary works of the aristocracy. From the time point of view, "Zhou Song" and "Taiga" Most of the early Western Zhou Dynasty when produced in; "Taiga" of small parts and "Xiao Ya," When the majority of production in the late Western Zhou dongqian pm; the "National Style" most and the "Lu Song," "Business Song" when produced in the Spring and Autumn period. Ideological and artistic value from the point of view, as two elegant three-song, two elegant than fifth from the states. Ideological content of "Book of Songs" comprehensive display of social life in China during the Zhou Dynasty, a true reflection of China's slave society from flourishing to decline during the historical features. Some poems, such as "Taiga" in the "pepole", "Gong Liu", "cotton", "Emperor carry", "Daming", etc., recorded Hou Ji was born to King Wu, Zhou tribal origin, development and the epic history of statehood. There are a lot of performance poetry love life of young men and women, such as "Qin Feng and Jia" represents the pursuit of a dream between men and women; "Zheng Cats and Dogs," "Bei wind Girls" showing men and women Huan will be between the jocular; "Ge Wang style" performance Acacia pain between men and women; "Wei Feng papaya", "Zhao Nan invited for a plum," the performance of the mutual gift between men and women; "Yong wind Bo Zhou "," Zheng Zhong child will "reflects the interference of parents and public opinion to the pain of young men and women. Others, such as "Bei Feng Valley Wind", "Wei Feng Meng" Writing is also a deserted wife's sad, angry condemnation of the ungrateful man, reflecting the majority of women in class society, the tragic destiny. Artistic achievements and influence, "Rites of Spring official master," saying: "Master teaches sixth poem: said wind, said Fu, said ratio, said Xing, Yue Ya, said Chung." Six poems in "Mao sequence," Also for the six justice. Among them, the wind, Ya, Song, is the classification of the style; Bi, Xing, is to approach in terms of performance. On Bi, Xing, Song Zhu Xi in the "Collection of Poetry" to do a more precise explanation: "Odes, deposited Chen also being to the respect of; than those to things than he has this thing; Hing who first Wing Yan something else to cause the words are. "such as" Bin July "," Wei Feng Meng "are Fu: the former narration of the slave spring, Mulberry, textiles, hunting, wine making, storage and preparation winter all year round such as working life, the performance of class antagonism and feelings of grief slaves; which flashbacks from the abandoned wives and Meng Meng love to get married until they are abandoned by the tragedy, the sad performance of the deserted wife and pull off. Another example is "Wei Fengshuo rat," "Bei Feng New Taiwan" are more than the body: the former than for the greed of the exploiters, the big rat; which the health promotion shameless promiscuity common ratio for large toad; both ignited the great irony was intended. Others, such as "Zhou Nan Guan Ju", "Wei Feng Cutting Sandal" Xing are: the former to Chen birds cock sing "off off" call from Xing, reminds people Nannvzhiqing; latter slaves The "sill" sound from logging Xing, think of something for nothing slave class. In the "Book of Songs", Bi, metaphor is often used interchangeably, the "Fu and than also" there "than the Xing can", and "by ear than it." Such as "Wei Feng Meng" is the Fu, but the poem "Sang hardly ever, if its leaves Kosovo, called on sigh dove Come, no fresh mulberry" and apparently "by ear than it." Others, such as "Wei Feng Shuo people," lay out the way described by Zhuang Jiang beauty, but "hand such as physique, skin as creamy, rhinoceros tooth, such as gourd, small cicada the first Crescent" vivid demonstration of the natural beauty Jiang Chong, This is clearly another case of "Taxes over it." Bi, the successful use of metaphor, constitutes "Book of Songs" folk customs and a strong flavor of the important reasons. "Book of Songs" to four words dominated both complex statement. Use more weight in the structure in the form of strengthening the Chapter refrain lyric effect. Each chapter only change a few words, able to maneuver the ups and received the artistic effect. In language use more alliteration rhyme stack, stack word word rolling bar, to be sound, poor appearance. "The total number to less, the situation looks exhaustive." In addition, the "Book of Songs" in any sentence rhyme on rhyme, some rhyme every other sentence, and some rhyme in the end, some half-way turn rhyme, rhyming poetry of modern law in "Book of Songs" has been equipped with almost all . "Book of Songs" is a brilliant starting point for realistic literature. Because of its rich content, highly ideological and artistic achievements in the history of China and the world culture occupy an important position. It created a fine tradition of Chinese poetry, and later had an indelible influence on literature. "Book of Songs" effect is also beyond the borders of China and the whole world. Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other countries have long passed Edition "Book of Songs." From the 18th century, there was French, German, English, Russian and other translation. "Book of Songs" Songs in the original main purpose, one instrument as part of various ceremonies, and second, entertainment, third is the expression of social and political issues. But later, "The Book of Songs" has become commonly used noble culture of education materials, learning "The Book of Songs" has become necessary for attainment noble people. This education on the one hand with the beautification of the role of language, particularly in diplomatic occasions, often need to quote "The Book of Songs" in the poem, turns to express their meaning. This is called "Fu" Poem "Yan Zhi", as specified in the "Zuo Zhuan" more than a record. "The Analects" of Confucius in mind the words: "No theory of" poetry "beyond words." "Chanting" poem "Three hundred, to teach him to political, not reached; to the Quartet, not specific to, although many are thought Xi? "Learning can be seen," Book of Songs "for the upper classes and those preparing to enter the upper class, with what significance. On the other hand, "The Book of Songs" education also has political and moral significance. "Book of Rites - The solution" quoted Confucius as saying that after "Poetry" can cause people to "gentle." "The Analects" of Confucius, then recorded, but also learned that "Poetry" can be "far the Shijun, near the Father of things", that serve the monarch and the elders to learn the truth. In accordance with the views of Confucius (the elite at that time should also general view), "" Poetry "Three hundred, in a word, said: wicked ideas." Means, "The Book of Songs" in the works, all (or at least in general) is in line with universally recognized moral principles at the time of the. It is impossible to "convert." There are two points worth noting: first, to speculate on the time of Confucius, on "The Book of Songs" view, they are _set_ by the "innocent" is still quite wide range. Many rap rule the darkness, the performance poetry of love between men and women, as long as does not exceed a certain limit, can still be considered "innocent" is just the feelings show. Second, however, "The Book of Songs," after all, not a mere collection of poems, both as a cultural accumulation of the Zhou Dynasty, but also a noble object of the daily recitation practice. So, while a collection of many folk songs, but I am afraid not contain positively and directly with the universally recognized principles of conflicts of political and moral content.
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"Book of Songs," "six sense"
"Book of Songs," "Six justice" refers to the wind, Ya, Song, Bi, Xing, said that the contents of the first three, that is the way the last three. "Wind," "Ya," "Song" three-part division, is based on the music different. "Wind" includes 15 parts, most of the folk songs of the Yellow River, known as the "fifth National Wind" a total of 160. "Ya" into "Xiao Ya" (74) and "Taiga" (31), is the court songs, a total of 105. "Song" including "Zhou Song" (31), "Lu Song" (4), and "commercial song" (5), is the ancestral temple for the worship songs and dance songs, a total of 40 articles. "Wind" is the meaning of tone. It is opposed to "Ji" - direct rule of the Zhou Dynasty region - in terms of. It is ancient music with the so-called local color, "Qin Feng", "Wei Feng", "Cheng Feng", as we say now tune in Shaanxi, Shanxi tone, Henan tune. Zhao Guofeng Zhou Nanguo southern wind wind wind Bei Feng Yong MAK MAK MAK Wei Feng Zheng Feng Wang Fengguo wind Wind Tangfeng Guo Weifeng Guo Guo Feng Qin Fengguo wind wind wind Qifeng Guo Gui Chen Fengguo wind wind Bin Feng Guo Feng Cao Fengguo "Ya" is "Ji" of music, the Zhou Dynasty in this region known as the "Summer", "elegant" and "Summer" ancient common. Ya there are "positive" means, at the Ji is the sound of music as a - a model of the music. People have called the Zhou Dynasty court music is the sound, like the Qing Dynasty people have called Ya Kun Department, with a kind of respect in this. Zhu Xi, "Collection of Poetry", saying: "Ya who is also, the songs are fun. The size of their papers in this special, but there are changes Xianru said the other. To this test of being Xiaoya, Yan Xiang is fun; are Daya, North Korea will be the music, the words ring by the PCT Chen also 。...... diction different syllables are different. "Elegance of different sizes are therefore in its content. "Song" is dedicated to ancestral ritual music. "Maoshixu" said: "Ode to the those described Sidley United States, with its successful were also reported in the gods." This is the song's meaning and purpose. Wang Guowei said: "The Song of the sound than the wind, Accor is slow." ("Said Zhou Song"), which is its music features. "Fu" by Zhu Xi, "Collection of Poetry" in the statement, "Odes, apply also, deposited Chen and respect of those who being to it." That is, lay out straight Fu is described. Is the most basic expression. Such as "Life and death deed wide, and the child into that. Hold your hand, and grow old with you", that is directly express their feelings. "Than" with Zhu Xi's interpretation is "He is a physical thing than this," that is the meaning of metaphor. "Book of Songs" metaphor used a lot of places, methods also varied. Such as "rogue" with a mulberry tree to litter the change from lush to describe the ups and downs of love; "Heming" with "Stones from other hills, can learn" to use than the Yu Zhiguo wise men; "Master Man" continuous use "catkins" Yu beauty of the hand, "creamy" Yu beauty of the skin, "gourd rhino" Yu beauty of the teeth, etc., are "Book of Songs" used "than" good example. "Fu" and "than" are the most basic of all the poetry of expression, and "Xing" is the "Book of Songs" and even the Chinese poetry of the more unique approach. "Xing" meaning of the word is "play", so the addition is called "from the Environment", rendering the atmosphere of poetry, plays an important role in creating mood. "Book of Songs" in the "Xing", with Zhu Xi's interpretation, is "to something else to cause the Wing made the speech", that is, as with other things, pave the way for the contents of the Wing. It is often used in a poem or poems at the beginning of the chapter. Sometimes a poem's sentences seem like Xing than when it is available for the first sentence or paragraph to determine whether Hing. Meng Wei Feng cases of "Sang hardly ever, if its leaves Kosovo" is Xing. . About the most primitive "Xing" is just a start, with no sense of the relationship below, showing the association thoughts drift for no reason. Like Qin Feng's "Morrowind", at the beginning of "Yu He Morrowind, Yu He Beilin", and below, "no gentleman, worried Qin Qin" and so hard to find the meaning of mutual contact. Although this example is concerned, may also be suspended due to age before every incomprehensible, but this must exist. Is in the modern songs in, can still see that "Xing." Further, "xing" has both a metaphor, symbol, contrast and so it is more meaningful usage. But precisely because the "Xing" which is the mind drift and think of no reason to arise, so even with the more concrete meaning, it is not so fixed stiff shell, but rather subtle Spirit of the Void. Such as "Guan Ju" at the beginning of the "off Guanju dove, in the River Island" was originally a poet to rise through the front of the scene below, "My Fair Lady, Marty," but Guan Ju-ming, also men and women can be likened to courtship, or the loving harmony between men and women, but the metaphor is not so clear that it identified. Another example is the "Tao Yao," a poem, the beginning of "Recipe, Shining," wrote a beautiful spring, when peach open atmosphere of realism can be said of the pen, but beauty can be understood as a metaphor of the bride , but also said it was in the contrast of the warm atmosphere of the time of marriage. As the "Xing" is such a delicate, free use of the technique, and their offspring like the poems of subtle euphemism charm of the poet, this is especially interested in showing off their skills get clever, Chen turned a new and so forth constitute a special kind of classical Chinese poetry taste.
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"Book of Songs" role
"Mao Great Preface," said: "Poetry those of the Chi Chih; in mind for the blog, speak for the poem. Love in the form of action in the statement; words insufficient, expressed in words, up_set_ insufficient, Songs s; lack of songs, I do not know the dance of the hands and feet of the dance of the people. "Poetry and music and dance, but will eventually be separated, because, after entering the era of civilization, art must tend to refine, so the poem begins with words from the song out , became an independent style. "Book of Songs" Songs in the original main purpose, one instrument as part of various ceremonies, and second, entertainment, third is the expression of social and political issues. But later, "The Book of Songs" has become commonly used noble culture of education materials, learning "The Book of Songs" has become necessary for attainment noble people. This education on the one hand with the beautification of the role of language, particularly in diplomatic occasions, often need to quote "The Book of Songs" in the poem, turns to express their meaning. This is called "Fu" Poem "Yan Zhi", as specified in the "Zuo Zhuan" more than a record. "The Analects" of Confucius in mind the words: "No theory of" poetry "beyond words." "Chanting" poem "Three hundred, to teach him to political, not reached; to the Quartet, not specific to, although many are thought Xi? "Learning can be seen," Book of Songs "for the upper classes and those preparing to enter the upper class, with what significance. On the other hand, "The Book of Songs" education also has political and moral significance. "Book of Rites by the solution" quoted Confucius as saying that after "Poetry" can cause people to "gentle." "The Analects" of Confucius, then recorded, but also learned that "Poetry" can be "far the Shijun, near the Father of things", that serve the monarch and the elders to learn the truth. In accordance with the views of Confucius (the elite at that time should also general view), "" Poetry "Three hundred, in a word, said: wicked ideas." Means, "The Book of Songs" in the works, all (or at least in general) is in line with universally recognized moral principles at the time of the. It is impossible to "convert." There are two points worth noting: first, to speculate on the time of Confucius, on "The Book of Songs" view, they are _set_ by the "innocent" is still quite wide range. Many rap rule the darkness, the performance poetry of love between men and women, as long as does not exceed a certain limit, can still be considered "innocent" is just the feelings show. Second, however, "The Book of Songs," after all, not a mere collection of poems, both as a cultural accumulation of the Zhou Dynasty, but also a noble object of the daily recitation practice. So, while a collection of many folk songs, but I am afraid not contain positively and directly with the universally recognized principles of conflicts of political and moral content. Songs also appear in a song of the contents of teachers, most likely the earliest poems in praise of teachers. ("Jingjing who Curcuma"), one of the "gentleman" which means the teachers. Although many people today think of love poems, but the lack of evidence. For example, the "Preface" on the reference to "those Curcuma Jingjing, who is also music education; gentleman can be long education personnel, the joy of the world carry on." Can be seen from here is quite clear the true direction of this song. "Book of Songs" reflect very rich social life, which includes astronomy, geography, politics, economics, ritual ceremonies, war lord, the founding of its capital, Yan Xiang gather to hunt work, picking, animal husbandry and fisheries, noble kings, generals, doctor, gentleman lady , farmers and merchants, thinking women abandoned wives, wandering hermit, love yearning, Boudoir passion, humor of a secret meeting, wedding, wedding mourners, pregnant people Mourn, vegetation, fish and insects, animals, Journal of Dalian Ming Ma, Xiao wind rain dark, shimmering mountain shadows, volcanic earthquakes, pray wish, dreams come true, and so divine, the large amount of information, documentation of high value, amazing. It can be said, a "Book of Songs" three-dimensional representation of the living environment, things human, social life was multi-faceted, multi-angle reflection of its content in the world, works of ancient poetry is unique, than India's "barking Tuo "and the Christian" Bible "in the poem is much broader. Its theme is not limited to, religious, or simply express a pious feeling, it not only talking about the war and Homer's epic adventure, it is human life, singing, people's feelings, with the English poet Wordsworth Sri Lanka's poetry, said: "vulgar folk FOLK POEMS, / now familiar routine of things, / the natural grief and the Past, / in the past has been, since there will be." (from "The Solitary Reaper") in such natural, so simple and so kind to show ordinary people's feelings and emotional aspects, there is little other poetry worthy of the "Book of Songs" par.
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"Book of Songs" of the
"Book of Songs" of the very complex composition, the resulting area is very broad. In addition to the production of the Zhou Dynasty official music songs, Gongqing, columns, songs of persons into the offer, there are many folk songs popular in the original. How the focus of these folk songs come to court, there are different versions. Some scholars believe that the Han Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty poet sent there specialized mining, to collect folk songs and customs in order to understand the ups and downs of political pros and cons; there is a saying: These songs are collected by national musicians. Musicians are officials and experts in charge of music, they sing and composition as a career, a rich collection of songs to their lyrics and melody. Music dedicated to the vassal of the emperor, the collection of folk songs to the court where it was. These claims have some truth.
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"Book of Songs" inventory
Zhao Guofeng Zhou Nanguo southern wind wind wind Bei Feng Yong MAK MAK MAK Wangfeng Guo Wei Feng Zheng Fengguo wind wind wind Tangfeng Guo Weifeng Guo Qin Fengguo wind wind wind Qifeng Guo Hui Chen Fengguo wind Bin Cao Fengguo Wind Wind Wind Wind State Xiaoya Luming of even a char of even small Yanan Xiao Ya Hongyan Shan section of the even even Xiaoya Xiaoya Valley of the Wind of even Xiaoya Hoda Xiaoya even Xiaoya Ceratophyllum of all persons even swing of even even Daya Daya Daya pepole even King Wen of Zhou Song Min Yu Xiaozi of even even even Zhousong Chen Zhou Songqing Temple Workers of the Shishangsonglu Songjiongzhishi
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"Book of Songs" compiled by
But what these poems who compiled a book of it? So far there are still many different versions. Confucius said of poems in one. The "Book of Songs" attributed to Confucius, a compilation of the power of people. This view originated in the Han Dynasty. "Historical Records family of Confucius," contains: "In ancient poetry more than three thousand articles, until hole in; to its weight, can be applied to obtain righteousness, ... ... three hundred and fifty, all is music of Confucius, in order to co-Ya Chung Wu turned the sound. "" Han Yi Wen, "said:" Confucius take weeks of pure poetry. the mining Yin, the next to take Lu, where three hundred and fifty. "Confucius thought that it was _select_ed by the" Book "Table of Contents. However, some dissent refuted reasons: First, the "Historical Records" words of Confucius of poems, in self-defense after the return to Lu, when nearly seventy years. Prior to this, Confucius, both said, "Three Hundred Poems" can be seen in the young period of Confucius, "The Book of Songs" has three hundred. Second, "Zuo Xianggong twenty-nine" contains, Wu Guogong sub-Ji Zha Lu watch week in music, musicians who played first-five wind, and then played Xiaoya, Taiga, and finally played the song, sequence and content Basically, with this the "Book of Songs," the same, its only eight years old when the virtual age of Confucius, we can see when the "Book of Songs" has been finalized. Third, the Zhou Dynasty diplomatic exchanges between the various feudal states, often Fu "Poem" Words blog. Such as "Zuo given the public four-year" contains, Wu attacked Chu, Chu lost a few casualties, Shen Bao Xu Chu to request reinforcements to the Qin court, crying Qiriqiye, deeply moved Duke Ai Qin, Fu "Book of No clothing ", said the determination to the rescue, recovery state of Chu. Had "The Book of Songs," there is no uniform table of contents, Fu "Poem" Words can not be Chi. Why is it, who compiled "The Book of Songs" in it? A scheduled Taishi Zhou said. Qing people today that "The Book of Songs," the editorial power is likely to Taishi in the hands of the Zhou Dynasty. In his "classic often talk about" that all countries support the Spring and Autumn when a group of musicians, like the broad people's theatrical troupe later, the boss called Taishi. Ambassadors between countries, parties have to play music to sing. Taishi will not only have to collect their own songs but also songs of other countries collected. In addition to this collection to the songs, the Taishi there were nobles kept for special things, such as ancestor worship, banquet, housing built, and so sent troops to hunt for the poetry, these poems can be said to the ceremony. Another satirical poem, song, poetic beauty, and so the offer, made an offer poetry is dedicated to the subjects as monarch, the king prepared to allow the musicians listen to sing, and can be said that political poetry. Taishi have preserved the libretto, with music, lyrics total of more than three hundred articles, then pass called the "Three Hundred Poems." Taishi country musicians, and they are collected - finishing "The Book of Songs," the hero, but to achieve unity of the whole compilation to none other than the non-Taishi Zhou dynasty. "Lu Mandarin language under the" a "business school is the name of the parent test Ode to twelve weeks of Taishi in the" record, the parent is the Song Dynasty is the doctor, and offered a "commercial song" in the Zhou Dynasty of Taishi. Today the "Book of Songs" and "commercial song" Only five, probably on the basis of Taishi _delete_d in the twelve _set_. From this, "The Book of Songs" should be Taishi Zhou Dynasty scheduled.
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"Book of Songs" finishing
Collected from various regions all times to the songs, considered to be kept in the royal family's official music week - Taishi there. They clearly differ on the face of those who carried out the work order processing, has been eliminated, has been modified. Therefore, the existing "Book of Songs", language forms the body are basically four words, rhyme law system and the broadly consistent with the rhyme, and some of the time it'll have different places in different works (such as "He is the son of", "King Bay extravagant things, "etc.). Ancient traffic inconvenience, language differ, the times, the songs of the region, if not through the process by not happen the situation. To that produced by the official songs, and collecting and collating folk songs, is the culture of the Zhou Dynasty, in the "Book of Songs" Time is ongoing with the.
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"Book of Songs" features and impact of
① "_Select_ed Works of Marx and Engels," Vol 1, 629. Specifically, the "Book of Songs," the characteristics and effects, mainly in the following areas: First, the "Book of Songs" is a lyric poem for the mainstream. In addition to "Taiga" in the epic and the "Xiao Ya", "National Style" in the individual chapters, the "Book of Songs" is almost entirely lyrical poetry. Moreover, the degree of maturity from the poetry of view, the standard of lyric poetry achieved, but also significantly higher than the epic. With the "Book of Songs" in general are contemporaries of the ancient Greek Homer, is a completely epic. As Homer laid a tradition of Western literature-based narrative direction, "Book of Songs" to lay the foundation of traditional Chinese literature, lyric-based development. After the Chinese poetry, mostly lyrics; and to the main lyric poetry, has become a major style of Chinese literature. Second, the "Book of Songs" in poetry, in addition to a handful few, completely reflect the real human world and the daily lives of everyday experience. Here, almost non-existent by virtue of the fictional fantasy world beyond the myth over the world the world, there is no specific gods and heroes, the image and specific experience (which is the basic material Homer), some on the political storm, autumn and spring, the joys and sorrows of men and women love dirge. Later styles of Chinese poetry as well as other literature, the content is also based on routine, the basic features of reality; daily life, daily events, everyday people, always the center of literary material. Third, associated with the second, "Book of Songs" in general, has significant political and moral tone. Whether it is mainly produced in the upper social strata of large and small "Ya", or arising primarily from the private sector, "National Wind" has a considerable number of poems, close contact with current political, critical step the rulers inappropriate and morally wrong. Although the significance of heterozygosity mainly required to maintain a reasonable rule, to give people a more relaxed, can survive the conditions, but for social development, of course, is valuable. Concerned about the social, political and moral courage of corruption in the ruling class to criticize, it should be said to be "Book of Songs" good place. However, this problem should be two ways. As an example in the previous section we have analyzed, it is entirely a criticism of social standing position on the proven principles, fundamental plays in maintaining the stability of the role of the existing order, but can not suppress the desire of individuals and freedom. Take the "phase mouse," a poem, it may be excessive criticism of the rulers dissolute life, it may be criticized for "etiquette" has a progressive acts of vandalism. Regardless of how the author's intent, and poetry for both phenomena are applicable. Say "Book of Songs" feature on the later of the first to explain: "The Book of Songs," the political and moral, in the later have been reinforced through the distortion. Did not directly reflect the political and moral poems, including a large number of love poems in the Han Dynasty's "Poetic Preface", also be interpreted as political, moral, or "beauty" (praise) or "thorn" (criticism) work. Thus, a "Book of Songs" into a Confucian moral textbooks. Future generations inherit a poet, "The Book of Songs" concerned about the social, political and moral characteristics, should also be analyzed in two ways. On the one hand, to promote this feature, you can correct the trend of literary games and aesthetic tendencies over, carry forward the social function of literature; the other hand, if the inappropriate over-emphasize this point, the diversity of literature is bound to prejudice the development of emotional freedom suppression expression. Emotional restraint, particularly the feelings of sadness, it is very subtle. Its strong indignation and strong like the joy of spewing out, it demonstrated a vent, but the euphemism twists and turns, ups and downs. Thus, the formation of the "Book of Songs" seems fine in terms of lyrical expression, meaningful characteristics. This feature is also a profound impact on later Chinese poetry. Also need to say, despite the "Book of Songs" lyric is generally more moderate, it is still a sincere and moving, but not without and lively, full of fun for the day. Confucius descendant of "The Book of Songs" all the work said as a result of political and moral purposes for, and can not be denied that the lyric - especially love poems appeal to people. Therefore, in the era of feudalism, when the tendency of literary and moral, didactic tendency to become too severe, and the poets will play the "Book of Songs," the authority of the flag, demanding affection it deserves at least a modest recognition. He Jingming Ming Dynasty poet of the "moon handbooks" is an example. Tang's "Peony Pavilion", the purdah Miss Du reading "Guan Ju" and have the longing for love, is one example. Above the main from the content, ideological orientation, features and other aspects of lyrical exposition of the "Book of Songs" several important features. These features of the Chinese Literature of future generations are far-reaching. Next, the form of language, performance methods, and so briefly introduce the "Book of Songs" features, the impact of these areas, the situation is different. "Book of Songs" basic sentence is four words, sometimes mixed with the second statement made by a variety of sentence until September. However, the proportion of complex sentence pattern is very low. Poems are made by only the individual-oriented complex, such as "cutting Tan." Sentence of four words as the backbone, which presumably was to sing "The Book of Songs" music melody, it is more stable and relatively simple. To the Han dynasty, although the four-character poems have been written off, but no longer is an important type of poetry. But in prose, song, praise, eulogy, chen, Ming, and other special verse style, the use of very common. "Book of Songs" is often used in the form of overlapping chapters, the chapters repeat, the significance and literally have only a small amount of change, resulting in a three-sung sigh results. This is a feature songs that can express feelings to strengthen, so in the "national style" and "Xiao Ya," the most widely used in folk songs, "Song" and "Taiga", and "Xiao Ya" political poetry almost none. Typical examples, such as "Zhou Nan Fu Yi": T_set_se Fu Yi, the adopted thin statement. T_set_se Fu Yi, thin words with them. T_set_se Fu Yi, drop out of thin statement. T_set_se Fu Yi, thin stroke of words. T_set_se Fu Yi, lift up a dress made of thin. T_set_se Fu Yi, Yan Xie of thin. The complete three chapters twelve, only six verbs of change, not only to write the process of picking, and by repeating the rhythm, showing a lively atmosphere, it seems that there is a chorus, singing round the taste. Criticism of Fang Yurun Qing said: "suddenly heard Tian women, three thousand three hundred fifty-five, in the plain wilderness, sunny songs each in the group A, lingering sound wave, suddenly breaking suddenly continued 。"("< Book> original") So many also some imagination, but the beauty of stacked badge heavy sentence is indeed very touching. Four Poems decline after this form has also been put aside, only even saw it. Exception is that in modern songs, but also often see the situation. This can not be said "impact", there are similarities of ancient and modern management. As a song, to get the beauty of rhyme, "The Book of Songs" in the extensive use of alliteration, rhyme stack, stack word vocabulary. In ancient Chinese rule, the nature of these words is probably an adjective, so it helps to express the feelings of hidden twists and turns quiet, beautiful natural fresh paint. Such as "The Book of Songs," first paper of the "Guan Ju", "OFF OFF" (overlapping words) describe the birds cry, "Transamerica" (stack rhyme) the performance of the beautiful lady, "mixed" (double sound) depicts the state of aquatic plants, "was removed "(stacked rhyme) characterized by Acacia of situation can not sleep, both harmonious sound, but also a vivid image. In short, "The Book of Songs" is poetry, and even the whole of Chinese literature a brilliant starting point. Many ways, it represents a variety of real life of that era, reflecting all levels of people's emotions, language bold and elegant, with its sober reality, the early poems from other ethnic groups, opened up a unique Chinese poetry road. Although, due to the special conditions of social existence, "The Book of Songs" lack of romantic fantasy, the lack of the spirit of individual freedom of flying, but in the ancient times, it is worthy of the human civilization, we should be proud.
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Deletion of Confucius, too, "Book of Songs"
"Historical Records family of Confucius," said the poem that there are over three thousand articles _delete_d through the election of Confucius, a three-Bai Yupian later seen the final version. This record was widespread skepticism. A verse cited in pre-Qin literature, generally in the existing "Book of Songs" within the scope of this other than the so-called "Lost Poem," very few, if Confucius, there are three thousand poems before, this does not appear reasonable to situation; Furthermore in the "Analects" of Confucius has been repeatedly mentioned, "" Poetry "three hundred" ("for the government", "Zi Lu" and other papers), proof of Confucius saw the "poem", is already more than three hundred chapter of the book, now see the same look the same. To the "Book of Songs" scheduled, when Confucius was born, about the sixth century BC. Confucius is indeed the "Book of Songs" under too much effort. "The Analects" of Confucius in mind, said: "I returned to Lu in self-defense, then music is, Ya Chung properly provided." Quoted earlier, "Historical Records" of the text, also said the same thing. This suggests that the time of Confucius, "The Book of Songs," the music has lost disorder phenomenon occurred, the work of Confucius, which were rescheduled so that together in the ancient music of the original. He has used the "Book of Songs" education students, regular discussions with them about the "Book of Songs" issue, and to perform songs and dances (see "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mozi non-Confucian"). Of these, the "Book of Songs" played an important role in spread. "Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems in literary history has its prominent position. However, this great book, as the old, the lack of reliable material, has in many respects different opinions and can not be established. Deletion of Confucius had "poetry" is an unsolved case. When the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian on "The Book of Songs" and the study of Confucius, put forward the views of Confucius of poems. Main reasons for advocating this argument has the following three points: First, the Han Dynasty from the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States is not far, Sima Qian is based on the material to be more natural than the later generations, but also more reliable. How can we not believe in the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian, Tang and Song statement to believe it? Second, the size of ancient countries more than eighteen hundred, a country offering a poem, there are over one thousand eight hundred articles, and the existing "national style", and some experience of ten, twenty only collect and record a monarch can be seen could have been a lot of poetry, there is more than three thousand. Confucius the past three thousand people have included many articles compiled three hundred and five poems _select_ed for the collection, as a textbook, is possible. Third, the so-called poems are not necessarily deletion of all articles are _delete_d, or _delete_ articles in certain sections, or _delete_ sections of some of the sentences, or sentence _delete_ some words. We pass in the book were quoted, "The Book of Songs" is not recorded in the whole chapter, but also recorded the Chapters do not, and can be seen with the deletion of this situation is "poetry" coincide. The Book of Songs (for future textbooks) Others hold different views put forward Confucius did not _delete_ the tit for tat over "Poetry" reasons. The main reasons are: First, "Zuo. Xianggong twenty-nine," recorded Wugong Zi Lu Ji Zha to view weekly music, playing the wind and Ya Song Fifteen parts, which are organized and today's "Book of Songs" substantially the same. According to existing information, the Confucius was only eight years old and could not _delete_ the "poetry" can be seen there before, and Confucius, today's "Book of Songs" compilation times, table of contents basically the same collection. Second, Confucius said that he was just "being happy", and did not say _delete_ "Poetry." Although at the time of the poetry is the music, but poetry, music, after all, are different, mainly referring to poetry writing, and music mainly refers to the music. Besides Confucius returned to Lu, "is happy" was already sixty-year-old, if the deletion of "poetry" that at this time, why he has said before that "" poem "hundred" mean? Third, the "Book of Songs" many "romantic poem," these thoughts do not meet the Discussion of Confucian benevolence poems music, why not _delete_? Fourth, the pre-Qin cited various historical poems, most found in today's "Book of Songs", but fifty, indicating that "poetry" at the time only three hundred. Even if deletion of Confucius had poetry, as he was only thinkers in the family, the impact is not large, is unlikely to affect the other works the same period, not to affect his earlier writings. These two views, the war of words, still debated. On the surface, it seems more powerful evidence of some of the latter, but we can not be hard Kou study of ancient literature one on two dead material, but should be based on respect for historical data, combined with the historical background to some reasonable speculation. Of course the problem is not so simple, but also the need for further research to figure out the problem of "Book of Songs" is the study of Confucian thought in particular will be of great help.
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Famous Book of Songs
Value under the door, late for habitat. Secretion of the ocean, can music hunger. "Book of Songs Chen Fengheng door" Translation: in Chen's value under the door, you can play the rest; the coast of bleeding can be happy to forget about hunger. OFF OFF cock sing, in the River Island, My Fair Lady, Marty. "Book of Songs Zhou Nan Guan Ju" Translation: Osprey and Ming cuckoo singing, where the river sandbar. Pretty good girl, the object is a good gentleman. Jianjia green and white dew cream. The so-called Iraqi people, in the water side. "Book of Songs Qin Feng Jian Jia" Translation: the river reeds blue gray, glistening dew to form Cream. The love that sweetheart, is that the river side. Recipe, Shining. "Book of Songs Zhou Nan Tao Yao" Translation: peach buds encrusted twigs, bright and a bright peach tree. Qiaoxiaoqianxi, eyes hope Come. "Book of Songs Wei Feng Shuo people" Translation: pretty shallow dimples smiling, wonderful crystal clear water wavefront. I know that my heart sick persons who know me that I want anything else. Yo heaven, the holy person? "Book of Songs from the King of wind millet" Translation: people who know me, and said my heart worries; do not know me, think I have any requirements. The height of heaven, ah, how I would be like this? I will carry on past, Yang Liu Yiyi. Now I'm thinking, rain and snow started falling. "Plucking Book Xiaoya" Translation: When I first left home to go the distance, waving willow spring swing. Ben is now back home, filled with snow Yang. Storms such as dark, crowing incessantly. Only see the gentleman, Yunhu do not like? "Book of Songs Zheng wind and rain" Translation: dark rain autumn long, crowing sound kept interest rates. See you here, what is unhappy? A gentleman bandit, such as cutting, such as consultations, such as cut, such as grinding. ("Book of Songs of Wei Qi Austria") Translation: This refined gentleman, such as bones, horns generally have cut, such as carved jade-like Perfect spot. Speaker of innocence, their fates warning. ("Book of Order Zhou Nan Guan Ju") Translation: refers to the comments of people who in good faith, even if incorrectly mentioned, is innocent. Listen to the views of people without shortcomings and mistakes made by the other party, is also worth a warning. Stones from other hills, can learn. ("Book of Songs Xiaoya Heming") Translation: another mountain stone, jade can be used to pondering. Vote for me to peach trees, quoted by Qiong Yao. Bandits also reported, never that good also. ("Book of Songs of Wei Papaya) Translation: You sent me papaya, I will take nectar reward. Where can I repay this count, but a good friend to each other forever. (Note: The "Papaya" has always been the expression of affection between men and women.) Mibu are beginning the final few grams there. ("Book of Daya swing") Translation: There can not be good beginning, and unfortunately there is little to hospice's. Everything has a beginning, but rarely to the end. Your hand, old age together. "Book of Songs Bei Feng Drumming" Translation: I will hold your hand, and grow old with you. Moonrise Jiao Xi, Xi Jiao Liao people. "Book of Songs Chen Feng" Translation: The moon came out, so white and bright, dazzling beauty, so beautiful and moving. Shuoshu Shuoshu, no food my millet. Year-old Guan Yu, Mo I am willing to care, death will go to women, fitness He paradise. "Book of Songs. The states. Wei wind. Shuoshu" Translation: big mouse big mouse ah, do not eat my yellow rice. Serve you for many years, I totally do not care. Vowed to leave you to that comfortable place. (Compared here to the exploiting class and mice) Rank rank Adams dry, faint Nanshan "Xiao Ya. Geese. Sri Lanka dry " Translation: meandering streams of water flowing, deep green, Nanshan view. Heart worry men, such as bandits Huanyi. Static thinking of words, not Fenfei. "Book of Songs. The states. Bei Feng. Park Boat" Translation: the hearts and sorrow can not erase, did not seem to wash dirty clothes. Stop and think twice before, and hate only want to fly without wings. Jiaojiao Baiju, the Valley in Peru, the Health and Chu bunch, its people like jade. "Book of Songs. Xiaoya. Baiju" Translation: bringing a white horse, in the deserted valley. It is a bundle of grass to chew, like jade, bright man. People without instrument, what immortal. "Book of Songs Yong winds of mouse" Translation: people are not moral, what immortality means. Regardless of the discretion he SI Gong I, only to not ever hurt. "South of the Word Book Week" Translation: I may drink and music to it, only then will not always sad. Han Guang not be dived think. Yong river men, and not side thinking. "National Wind • Book • • Han Guang Zhou Nan" Translation: Han rolling deep, wide, wide water, swimming ability is not connected. Han Tang Tang long, long, even if we have not raft crossing. Jiang has Bom, son of return, not me. Not me, afterwards regret. "Book of Songs. Called the South. Jiang has Bom" Translation: With the tributary rivers, and you get married, leave me. You leave me, you will regret it. "Book of Songs" representative ○ Guanju OFF OFF cock sing, in the River Island. My Fair Lady, Marty. Nymphoides vary, so flows. My Fair Lady, http sleep soundly find it. Could wish for, http sleep soundly thinking Service. Leisurely leisurely, tossing and turning. Nymphoides vary, so adopted it. My Fair Lady of band of friends. Nymphoides vary, so Mao it. My Fair Lady, bells and drums fun.
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Famous Book of Songs
Value under the door, late for habitat. Secretion of the ocean, can music hunger. "Book of Songs Chen Fengheng door" Translation: in Chen's value under the door, you can play the rest; the coast of bleeding can be happy to forget about hunger. OFF OFF cock sing, in the River Island, My Fair Lady, Marty. "Book of Songs Zhou Nan Guan Ju" Translation: Osprey and Ming cuckoo singing, where the river sandbar. Pretty good girl, the object is a good gentleman. Jianjia green and white dew cream. The so-called Iraqi people, in the water side. "Book of Songs Qin Feng Jian Jia" Translation: the river reeds blue gray, glistening dew to form Cream. The love that sweetheart, is that the river side. Recipe, Shining. "Book of Songs Zhou Nan Tao Yao" Translation: peach buds encrusted twigs, bright and a bright peach tree. Qiaoxiaoqianxi, eyes hope Come. "Book of Songs Wei Feng Shuo people" Translation: pretty shallow dimples smiling, wonderful crystal clear water wavefront. I know that my heart sick persons who know me that I want anything else. Yo heaven, the holy person? "Book of Songs from the King of wind millet" Translation: people who know me, and said my heart worries; do not know me, think I have any requirements. The height of heaven, ah, how I would be like this? I will carry on past, Yang Liu Yiyi. Now I'm thinking, rain and snow started falling. "Plucking Book Xiaoya" Translation: When I first left home to go the distance, waving willow spring swing. Ben is now back home, filled with snow Yang. Storms such as dark, crowing incessantly. Only see the gentleman, Yunhu do not like? "Book of Songs Zheng wind and rain" Translation: dark rain autumn long, crowing sound kept interest rates. See you here, what is unhappy? A gentleman bandit, such as cutting, such as consultations, such as cut, such as grinding. ("Book of Songs of Wei Qi Austria") Translation: This refined gentleman, such as bones, horns generally have cut, such as carved jade-like Perfect spot. Speaker of innocence, their fates warning. ("Book of Order Zhou Nan Guan Ju") Translation: refers to the comments of people who in good faith, even if incorrectly mentioned, is innocent. Listen to the views of people without shortcomings and mistakes made by the other party, is also worth a warning. Stones from other hills, can learn. ("Book of Songs Xiaoya Heming") Translation: another mountain stone, jade can be used to pondering. Vote for me to peach trees, quoted by Qiong Yao. Bandits also reported, never that good also. ("Book of Songs of Wei Papaya) Translation: You sent me papaya, I will take nectar reward. Where can I repay this count, but a good friend to each other forever. (Note: The "Papaya" has always been the expression of affection between men and women.) Mibu are beginning the final few grams there. ("Book of Daya swing") Translation: There can not be good beginning, and unfortunately there is little to hospice's. Everything has a beginning, but rarely to the end. Your hand, old age together. "Book of Songs Bei Feng Drumming" Translation: I will hold your hand, and grow old with you. Moonrise Jiao Xi, Xi Jiao Liao people. "Book of Songs Chen Feng" Translation: The moon came out, so white and bright, dazzling beauty, so beautiful and moving. Shuoshu Shuoshu, no food my millet. Year-old Guan Yu, Mo I am willing to care, death will go to women, fitness He paradise. "Book of Songs. The states. Wei wind. Shuoshu" Translation: big mouse big mouse ah, do not eat my yellow rice. Serve you for many years, I totally do not care. Vowed to leave you to that comfortable place. (Compared here to the exploiting class and mice) Rank rank Adams dry, faint Nanshan "Xiao Ya. Geese. Sri Lanka dry " Translation: meandering streams of water flowing, deep green, Nanshan view. Heart worry men, such as bandits Huanyi. Static thinking of words, not Fenfei. "Book of Songs. The states. Bei Feng. Park Boat" Translation: the hearts and sorrow can not erase, did not seem to wash dirty clothes. Stop and think twice before, and hate only want to fly without wings. Jiaojiao Baiju, the Valley in Peru, the Health and Chu bunch, its people like jade. "Book of Songs. Xiaoya. Baiju" Translation: bringing a white horse, in the deserted valley. It is a bundle of grass to chew, like jade, bright man. People without instrument, what immortal. "Book of Songs Yong winds of mouse" Translation: people are not moral, what immortality means. Regardless of the discretion he SI Gong I, only to not ever hurt. "South of the Word Book Week" Translation: I may drink and music to it, only then will not always sad. Han Guang not be dived think. Yong river men, and not side thinking. "National Wind • Book • • Han Guang Zhou Nan" Translation: Han rolling deep, wide, wide water, swimming ability is not connected. Han Tang Tang long, long, even if we have not raft crossing. Jiang has Bom, son of return, not me. Not me, afterwards regret. "Book of Songs. Called the South. Jiang has Bom" Translation: With the tributary rivers, and you get married, leave me. You leave me, you will regret it. "Book of Songs" representative ○ Guanju OFF OFF cock sing, in the River Island. My Fair Lady, Marty. Nymphoides vary, so flows. My Fair Lady, http sleep soundly find it. Could wish for, http sleep soundly thinking Service. Leisurely leisurely, tossing and turning. Nymphoides vary, so adopted it. My Fair Lady of band of friends. Nymphoides vary, so Mao it. My Fair Lady, bells and drums fun. ○ Jianjia Jianjia green and white dew cream. The so-called Iraqi people, in the water side. Back from the whirl, road resistance and long. Back of the tour, the Central Wan in the water. Jianjia desolately, Bailu not Xi. The so-called Iraqi people, in the water of the Mekong. Back from the whirl, road resistance, and Ji. Back of the tour, Wan islet in the water. Jianjia t_set_se, Bailu not have. The so-called Iraqi people, in the water 涘. Back from the whirl, and drag the right road; back of the tour, Wan islet in the water.
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"Book" Overview:
"Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems, a total income of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period 305 five hundred years of poetry, of which two words have no screen, so called "Three Hundred Poems." "Book of Songs" total wind, Ya, Song three parts. The "wind" including "Fifteen Wind", a poem 160; "elegant" minute "Daya", "Xiao Ya," a poem 105; "Song" points "Zhou Song," "Lu Song," " Commercial Song ", a poem 40. "Book of Songs," collected a total of 311 poems, of which 6 were Sheng poetry, only the title, no content, the existing 305. To the Warring States period, Ceremony Disintegration, lost a lot of music, the only lyrics are incorporated into the "Book of Songs." Qin called "Poetry", or whichever is an integer known as "Three Hundred Poems." Western Han Dynasty, the title of the Confucian classics, the beginning of the "Book of Songs," and still in use. Compiled on the "Book of Songs" compilation, the Han Dynasty There are three theories: ① pedestrian poem collection said. "Han Dynasty History" contains: "In ancient poem collection of government, the king so the concept of custom, known gains and losses, Self is also." "The Book of Songs" Rhymes and 305 systems and the use of rhyme and poetry rules are basically the same form , and it includes a long time, region wide transport facilities in ancient times, the variance in case of language, if not through a purposeful collection and sorting, to produce a collection of poems that is unthinkable. Thus poem collection that is credible. ② Confucius of poems said. "Historical Records family of Confucius," contains: "In ancient poetry more than three thousand articles, until Confucius to its weight, can be applied to the propriety and justice ... take ... three hundred and fifty, all is music of Confucius." Brief Account of Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi, Ming Zhu Yizun, said Wei Qing, etc. are skeptical on this. "Book of Songs," a book about the 6th century BC, when Confucius yet unborn; BC 544 Lu in Wugong Zi Ji Zha to view music, musicians Lu for his poetry of the order of the wind played with this the "Book of Songs" basic the same, that means that there was a "poem", this time Confucius was only 8 years old. Therefore, modern scholars generally believe that poems in that credible. However, according to "The Analects" Confucius said: "I returned to Lu in self-defense, and music is, Ya, Song proper place," shows that Confucius did for the "poetry" is through music. New voice to the late Spring and Autumn but the rise of ancient music lost, "Three Hundred Poems," Costa will be handed down only, as seen today of the poetry collection. ③ offer of Poetry. Column in the Zhou Dynasty, when Gongqing who offer poetry, Chen Shih to the United States or satirical song, there is a historical test positive. It was not the emperor in order to "hearings" and "test is still the beauty of its evil customs", and ordered princes Baiguan Song Offerings. "Singer of the song": "Son of Heaven hearings, who offered to Gongqing As for the poem out, blind offer music, ... ... Master Zhen, Sou Fu, Meng recite." This is mainly to reflect the people, examine the political gains and losses, and ultimately used to maintain their rule, which is the "Han literary records," says: "So the king custom view, knowledge gains and losses, Self is also." Zhu Xi also in the "Collection of Poetry" also said: "Poetry" is the "princes of tribute to the emperor adopted." But also in the "Han Food and Money," "Book of Rites kingship", "Jin Six" has a similar record. Style category "Book of Songs" was recorded, the lyrics are to music once. "Book of Songs," the style is different to the nature of the music division, and divided into wind, Ya, Song categories. ① wind. Different areas of local music, mostly folk songs. "Wind," Poetry is from Zhou Nan, Zhao Nan, Bei, Yong, Wei Wang, Zheng, Qi, Wei, Tang, Qin, Chen, Hui Cao, Bin come collected in 15 regions of the Folk Songs. A total of 160. Mostly folk songs. ② Ya. The joy of the court, is directly under the region's Zhou Dynasty, most of the works of the nobility, the so-called music is the sound Ya. "Ya" Poetry is the court or to the morning feast to enjoy songs of the time, according to the different music is divided into "Daya" 31, "Xiao Ya," 74, a total of 105. In addition to "Xiao Ya," there are a few songs, most literary works of the nobility. ③ Chung. Is the ancestral ritual and epic songs, the content is more than the praise of ancestors exploits. "Song" Poem is divided into "Zhou Song," 31, "Lu Song" 4, "Commercial Song" 5, a total of 40 articles. All literary works of the aristocracy. From the time point of view, "Zhou Song" and "Taiga" Most of the early Western Zhou Dynasty when produced in; "Taiga" of small parts and "Xiao Ya," When the majority of production in the late Western Zhou dongqian pm; the "National Style" most and the "Lu Song," "Business Song" when produced in the Spring and Autumn period. Ideological and artistic value from the point of view, as two elegant three-song, two elegant than fifth from the states. Ideological content of "Book of Songs" comprehensive display of social life in China during the Zhou Dynasty, a true reflection of China's slave society from flourishing to decline during the historical features. Some poems, such as "Taiga" in the "pepole", "Gong Liu", "cotton", "Emperor carry", "Daming", etc., recorded Hou Ji was born to King Wu, Zhou tribal origin, development and the epic history of statehood. There are a lot of poetry expresses the love lives of young men and women, such as "Qin Feng and Jia" represents the pursuit of a dream between men and women; "Zheng Cats and Dogs," "Bei wind Girls" showing men and women Huan will be between the jocular; "Ge Wang style" performance Acacia pain between men and women; "Wei Feng papaya", "Zhao Nan invited for a plum," the performance of the mutual gift between men and women; "Yong wind Bo Zhou "," Zheng Zhong child will "reflects the interference of parents and public opinion to the pain caused by young men and women; the other, such as" Bei Feng Valley Wind "," Wei Feng Meng "Writing is also a deserted wife, bitter angrily condemned a man ungrateful, reflecting the majority of women in class society, the tragic destiny. Artistic achievements and influence, "Rites of Spring official master," saying: "Master teaches sixth poem: said wind, said Fu, said ratio, said Xing, Yue Ya, said Chung." Six poems in "Mao sequence," Also for the six justice. Among them, the wind, Ya, Song, is the classification of the style; Bi, Xing, is to approach in terms of performance. On Bi, Xing, Song Zhu Xi in the "Collection of Poetry" to do a more precise explanation: "Odes, deposited Chen also being to the respect of; than those to things than he has this thing; Hing who first Wing Yan something else to cause the words are. "such as" Bin July "," Wei Feng Meng "are Fu: the former narration of the slave spring, Mulberry, textiles, hunting, wine making, storage and preparation winter all year round such as working life, the performance of class antagonism and feelings of grief slaves; which flashbacks from the abandoned wives and Meng Meng love to get married until they are abandoned by the tragedy, the sad performance of the deserted wife and pull off. Another example is "Wei Fengshuo rat," "Bei Feng New Taiwan" are more than the body: the former than for the greed of the exploiters, the big rat; which the health promotion shameless promiscuity common ratio for large toad; both ignited the great irony was intended. Others, such as "Zhou Nan Guan Ju", "Wei Feng Cutting Sandal" Xing are: the former to Chen birds cock sing "off off" call from Xing, reminds people Nannvzhiqing; latter slaves The "sill" sound from logging Xing, think of something for nothing slave class. In the "Book of Songs", Bi, metaphor is often used interchangeably, the "Fu and than also" there "than the Xing can", and "by ear than it." Such as "Wei Feng Meng" is the Fu, but the poem "Sang hardly ever, if its leaves Kosovo, called on sigh dove Come, no fresh mulberry" and apparently "by ear than it." Others, such as "Wei Feng Shuo people," lay out the way described by Zhuang Jiang beauty, but "hand such as physique, skin as creamy, rhinoceros tooth, such as gourd, small cicada the first Crescent" vivid demonstration of the natural beauty Jiang Chong, This is clearly another case of "Taxes over it." Bi, the successful use of metaphor, constitutes "Book of Songs" folk customs and a strong flavor of the important reasons. "Book of Songs" to four words dominated both complex statement. Use more weight in the structure in the form of strengthening the Chapter refrain lyric effect. Each chapter only change a few words, able to maneuver the ups and received the artistic effect. In language use more alliteration rhyme stack, stack word word rolling bar, to be sound, poor appearance. "The total number to less, the situation looks exhaustive." In addition, the "Book of Songs" in any sentence rhyme on rhyme, some rhyme every other sentence, and some rhyme in the end, some half-way turn rhyme, rhyming poetry of modern law in "Book of Songs" has been equipped with almost all . "Book of Songs" is a brilliant starting point for realistic literature. Because of its rich content, highly ideological and artistic achievements in the history of China and the world culture occupy an important position. It created a fine tradition of Chinese poetry, and later had an indelible influence on literature. "Book of Songs" effect is also beyond the borders of China and the whole world. Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other countries have long passed Edition "Book of Songs." From the 18th century, there was French, German, English, Russian and other translation. "Book of Songs" Songs in the original main purpose, one instrument as part of various ceremonies, and second, entertainment, third is the expression of social and political issues. But later, "The Book of Songs" has become commonly used noble culture of education materials, learning "The Book of Songs" has become necessary for attainment noble people. This education on the one hand with the beautification of the role of language, particularly in diplomatic occasions, often need to quote "The Book of Songs" in the poem, turns to express their meaning. This is called "Fu" Poem "Yan Zhi", as specified in the "Zuo Zhuan" more than a record. "The Analects" of Confucius in mind the words: "No theory of" poetry "beyond words." "Chanting" poem "Three hundred, to teach him to political, not reached; to the Quartet, not specific to, although many are thought Xi? "Learning can be seen," Book of Songs "for the upper classes and those preparing to enter the upper class, with what significance. On the other hand, "The Book of Songs" education also has political and moral significance. "Book of Rites - The solution" quoted Confucius as saying that after "Poetry" can cause people to "gentle." "The Analects" of Confucius, then recorded, but also learned that "Poetry" can be "far the Shijun, near the Father of things", that serve the monarch and the elders to learn the truth. In accordance with the views of Confucius (the elite at that time should also general view), "" Poetry "Three hundred, in a word, said: wicked ideas." Means, "The Book of Songs" in the works, all (or at least in general) is in line with universally recognized moral principles at the time of the. It is impossible to "convert." There are two points worth noting: first, to speculate on the time of Confucius, on "The Book of Songs" view, they are _set_ by the "innocent" is still quite wide range. Many rap rule the darkness, the performance poetry of love between men and women, as long as does not exceed a certain limit, can still be considered "innocent" is just the feelings show. Second, however, "The Book of Songs," after all, not a mere collection of poems, both as a cultural accumulation of the Zhou Dynasty, but also a noble object of the daily recitation practice. So, while a collection of many folk songs, but I am afraid not contain positively and directly with the universally recognized principles of conflicts of political and moral content.
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"Book of Songs" in the psychology of aesthetic education thinking
"Book of Songs" in the psychology of aesthetic education thinking psychological thought on aesthetic education in Shi Jing "Book of Songs" in the psychology of aesthetic education thinking (Psy- ehologieal thought on aesthetie edueation in shi Jin Fu "Book of Songs" is the first Collection of poems. It reflects the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn The middle of people's lives, social trends, with HSBC Thought rich psychology of aesthetic education. "Book of Rites" by the Solution ":" Confucius said: 'we can see into their country but also their education, The man is also gentle. Poetry too. "Gentle, Honest character are all aspects of quality. The heart Management quality is the result of poetic education. Said: "The man Also, gentle but not stupid, who is also deep in the poem. " Poetry by deep that people, not only a beautiful personality, In intellectual development has also been a good influence Therefore, the "not stupid." "Mao order": "Poems are, Zhi Of the of the also, in mind for the blog, speak for the poem. " Poetry to express the blog, naturally psychological problems, that is, The thought of the mind, emotions, will, with Health Activity expressed in artistic language, is "poetry" of the. Shi Yan, which contains the thoughts and feelings with a poem to Education and infect humans. Methods used in the expression of "Fu" and "bi", "Xing, the three artistic." Fu " And frankly who deposited the can being to Chen, the equivalent of literary Writing narratives. "Than" those things than this to he Things are; "Xing", first made by something else used to attract the Speech also. Bi, Xing equivalent of analogy, metaphor, Ming Yu, metaphor and other rhetorical devices. From the psychology of the Road Li explained, Bi, Xing is the association by contrast. "National Wind off the female the "hen-phase Ming, Jun lady sing Child's love; "Ye Wind South Wind" to "partnership spine center "Yellow Bird" and other natural features of the mother's thinking cited Yu Xiaojing Think: "Wei Feng Tan cutting" to describe the technique of writing satire Write the working people of the exploiting class hatred, the United States Made of good and evil in contrast to the ugly. "Book of Songs" Apartments are thinking psychology of aesthetic education is very rich in poetry Is a model of teaching Poem. (Dummy corporations willing to readily review essays)
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English Expression
: Book of Poetry
n.: the Book of Odes, Shi Jing(Classic of Poetry), The Book of Songs
French Expression
n. le Livre des Odes, Classique de la Poésie recueil de 305 pièces de vers, chansons d'amour ou hymnes religieux
n. le Livre des Odes / Classique de la Poésie recueil de 305 pièces de vers, chansons d'amour ou hymnes religieux
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become book containing listsof words and phrases grouped according to their meanings