诗歌文集 》 诗经 Book 》
周南
佚名 Yi Ming
《诗经》是我国第一部诗歌总集,共收入自西周初期至春秋中叶约五百年间的诗歌三百零五篇(《小雅》中另有六篇“笙诗”,有目无辞,不计在内),所以又称《诗三百》,与《尚书》、《礼记》、《周易》、《春秋》合称为五经。“古者《诗》三百余篇,及于孔子,去其重……”(《史记·孔子世家》),据传为孔子编定。最初称《诗》,被汉代儒者奉为经典,乃称《诗经》。他开创了我国古代诗歌创作的现实主义的优秀传统。《诗经》里的内容,就其原来性质而言,是歌曲的歌词。《墨子·公孟》说:“颂诗三百,弦诗三百,歌诗三百,舞诗三百”,意谓《诗》三百余篇,均可诵咏、用乐器演奏、歌唱、伴舞。《史记·孔子世家》又说:“三百五篇,孔子皆弦歌之,以求合韶、武、雅、颂之音。”这些说法虽或尚可探究,但《诗经》在古代与音乐和舞蹈关系密切,是无疑的。《诗经》不仅是最早的诗歌总集,而且也是一部反映当时社会的百科全书。是我国“现实主义”诗歌传统的源头及代表作。
周南
●国风·周南
○关雎
关关雎鸠,在河之洲。窈窕淑女,君子好逑。
参差荇菜,左右流之。窈窕淑女,寤寐求之。
求之不得,寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉,辗转反侧。
参差荇菜,左右采之。窈窕淑女,琴瑟友之。
参差荇菜,左右芼之。窈窕淑女,钟鼓乐之。
○葛覃
葛之覃兮,施于中谷,维叶萋萋。黄鸟于飞,集于灌木,其鸣喈喈。
葛之覃兮,施于中谷,维叶莫莫。是刈是濩,为絺为绤,服之无斁。
言告师氏,言告言归。薄污我私,薄浣我衣。害浣害否,归宁父母。
○卷耳
采采卷耳,不盈顷筐。嗟我怀人,置彼周行。
陟彼崔嵬,我马虺隤。我姑酌彼金罍,维以不永怀。
陟彼高冈,我马玄黄。我姑酌彼兕觥,维以不永伤。
陟彼砠矣,我马瘏矣,我仆痡矣,云何吁矣。
○樛木
南有樛木,葛藟累之。乐只君子,福履绥之。
南有樛木,葛藟荒之。乐只君子,福履将之。
南有樛木,葛藟萦之。乐只君子,福履成之。
○螽斯
螽斯羽,诜诜兮。宜尔子孙,振振兮。
螽斯羽,薨薨兮。宜尔子孙。绳绳兮。
螽斯羽,揖揖兮。宜尔子孙,蛰蛰兮。
○桃夭
桃之夭夭,灼灼其华。之子于归,宜其室家。
桃之夭夭,有蕡其实。之子于归,宜其家室。
桃之夭夭,其叶蓁蓁。之子于归,宜其家人。
○兔罝
肃肃兔罝,椓之丁丁。赳赳武夫,公侯干城。
肃肃兔罝,施于中逵。赳赳武夫,公侯好仇。
肃肃免罝,施于中林。赳赳武夫,公侯腹心。
○芣苡
采采芣苡,薄言采之。采采芣苡,薄言有之。
采采芣苡,薄言掇之。采采芣苡,薄言捋之。
采采芣苡,薄言袺之。采采芣苡,薄言礻颉之。
○汉广
南有乔木,不可休息。汉有游女,不可求思。汉之广矣,不可泳思。江之永
矣,不可方思。
翘翘错薪,言刈其楚。之子于归,言秣其马。汉之广矣,不可泳思。江之永
矣,不可方思。
翘翘错薪,言刈其蒌。之子于归。言秣其驹。汉之广矣,不可泳思。江之永
矣,不可方思。
○汝坟
遵彼汝坟,伐其条枚。未见君子,惄如调饥。
遵彼汝坟,伐其条肄。既见君子,不我遐弃。
鲂鱼赪尾,王室如毁。虽则如毁,父母孔迩。
○麟之趾
麟之趾,振振公子,于嗟麟兮。
麟之定,振振公姓,于嗟麟兮。麟之角,振振公族,于嗟麟兮。
"Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems, a total income of the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn since the middle of about five hundred years of poetry three hundred and five ("Xiao Ya," and another six in the "Sheng Poems", there for no words, do not count), so called "Three Hundred", and "Book", "Book of Rites," "Book of Changes", "Spring" collectively known as the Five Classics. "Of old" poem "Three Bai Yupian, and Confucius, to its re ... ..." ("Historical Records family of Confucius"), reportedly scheduled to Confucius. Initially called "Poems", was regarded as a classic Han Confucians, is called "The Book of Songs." He created a poetry of the ancient tradition of excellence of realism. "Book of Songs" in the content, its original nature, is the lyrics. "Mozi Public Meng," said: "Ode three hundred, three hundred poems string, Costa hundred, three hundred dance poem" means "poetry" three Bai Yupian, can recite chants, used musical instruments, singing, dancers. "Historical Records family of Confucius," added: "three hundred and fifty, all is music of Confucius, in order to co-Shao, Wu, Ya, Song of the music." Although these claims, or can still explore, but the "Book of Songs" in ancient and Music and dance are closely related, is no doubt. "Book of Songs" is not only the first collection of poems, but also a reflection of society at that time the encyclopedia. China's "realism," the source and the representative of traditional poetry.
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