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Liú Yǔxī (Traditional Chinese: 劉禹錫; Simplified Chinese: 刘禹锡) (772–842) was a Chinese poet, philosopher, and essayist, active during the Tang Dynasty. He was an associate of Bai Juyi and was known for his folk-style poems.
Biography
Family background and education
His ancestors were Xiongnu nomadic people. The putative ‘seventh generation’ family head, Liu Liang, was an official of the Northern Wei (386-534), who followed the Emperor Xiaowen (471-499) when he established the capital at Luoyang in 494. Following the government sinification policy, he became Han and register his surname as Liu. From then on the family was based in Luoyang.
Liu Yuxi’s father, Li Xu, was forced to leave Luoyang to avoid the An Lushan rebellion (755-763) and went to Jiaxing (in the north of present-day Zhejiang Province). Liu Yuxi was born and grew up in the south. In his youth he studied with two renowned poets in Kuaiji (now Shaoxing), the Chan (Zen) monks Lingche (靈澈, 746-816) and Jiaoran (皎然, 730-799), and his later works often reflected this Buddhist sensibility.
In 793, Liu passed the jinshi imperial examination. One of the other successful candidates that year was another great poet, Liu Zongyuan, whose career was to be closely connected to that of Liu Yuxi. That same year, Liu Yuxi went on to pass the higher examination (boxue hongceke). In 795, the Ministry of Appointments sent him to be a tutor to the Heir Apparent, a sign that he was destined from a prominent career. However, in 796, his father suddenly died and he had to return to Yangzhou.
In 800, Liu became a secretary to the important scholar-official Du You who had been made the military governor of Xusihao Circuit, in charge of suppressing an insurrection in Xuzhou, enabling Liu to see army life at first hand. Later he followed Du You to Yangzhou, where he enjoyed the company of the poet Li Yi.
In 802. Liu was transferred to be a registrar (zhubu) in Weinan (in Shaanxi). The following year, on the recommendation of an official in the Imperial Censorate called Li Wen, Liu was transferred to the post of investigating censor. At that time, the essayist and poet Han Yu was already also working as an investigating censor, with Liu Zongyuan shortly to join him. These three literary giants of the middle Tang period became friends and were to remain in close contact for the rest of their lives.
Yongzhen Reform and banishment
In 805, the Emperor Dezong died and was succeeded by his son Shunzong. The government was entrusted to two reformers associated with the new emperor, Wang Shuwen and Wang Pi, 'imperial scholars' of the Hanlin Academy, who initiated the 'Yongzhen Reform' (after the new emperor's reign title). Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan were closely connected to these officials, working immediately under them. However the emperor was in poor health and after only five months, the powerful eunuchs forced him to abdicate in favour of his son, who became Emperor Xianzong. The reform party lost power, Wang Shuwen was ordered to commit suicide, and the officials connected with the 'Yongzhen Reform' were banished to remote parts of the empire.
Liu Yuxi was sent to Lianzhou in Guangdong to be the local governor, then redirected, in a further demotion, to Langzhou in Hunan. Liu Zongyuan was sent to Yongzhou, another city in the same province. Others in the same group of banished officials included Wei Zhiyi, Cheng Yi, Han Ye (韓曄), Han Tai (韓泰), and Ling Zhun (凌准 ).
Second period of banishment and subsequent recall
In 815, Liu and the other Yongzhen reformers were recalled to the capital. Early the following year, he reached Changan, and unrepentantly wrote a poem with a veiled satire on court politics (The Peach Blossoms of Xuandu Temple 玄都觀桃花 ) that helped earn him another immediate banishment. Liu was to be sent to be the prefect of Bo (播州, in modern Zunyi, Guizhou), but as this would have been too hard a living place for Liu's mother, Liu Zongyuan offered to go there instead. Finally Pei Du, the deputy chief imperial censor (御史中丞, Yushi Zhongcheng), persuaded the emperor that Liu could be the local governor in Lianzhou in Guangdong, while Liu Zongyuan was sent to Liuzhou in Guangxi. In 821, Liu was again transferred to Kuizhou (on the Yangtze River), then transferred to another post at Hezhou (Guangxi).
In 826, Liu was again recalled, this time to Luoyang, ending the long period of his banishment from the court. In 827, he was given a post in the government, becoming a director (langzhong) of a bureau the following year. With the support again of the (then) Chancellor Pei Du, Liu was once again promoted to be an Academician (Jixianxueshi 集贤院学士), a post that lasted for four years, during which he was able to associate with Pei Du, Cui Qun and the poet Bai Juyi. In 828, he was able to visit Changan, where he wrote the poem Visiting Xuandu Temple Again (再遊玄都觀 Zài Yóu Xuándū Guān), noting that the peach trees had all disappeared, since his previous visit 14 years earlier.
Later career
In 830, Pei Du resigned as chancellor, and Liu was again given a provincial post, this time as governor in Suzhou, where his work on flood control was particularly appreciated. The local people designated him, with Wei Yingwu and Bai Juyi, as one of the ‘Three Worthies’ (三贤 sanxian), later to be commemorated in the ‘Three Worthies Hall’ (三贤堂). After Suzhou, he was posted to Ruzhou (in Henan) and Tongzhou (in Shaanxi).
In 836, he left Tongzhou to take up a nominal post in the household of the Heir Apparent in Luoyang. In 841, he also became an ‘Acting Adviser’ to the Director of the Board of Rites (Jianjiao Libu Shangshu 检校礼部尚书). At that time Bai Juyi was also in retirement in Luoyang and the two old poets were able to spend time together. Liu Yuxi died in the autumn of 842 at the age of 71. He was given the posthumous rank of ‘Minister of Revenue’ (Hubu Shangshu 户部尚书).
Poetry
Liu Yuxi’s wide interests are reflected in the subject matter of his poetry: the economic and social customs of ordinary people and their problems, folk music and folklore, friendship, feasting and drinking, and historical themes and nostalgia for the past. Some of the best known are notable for their simple, 'folksong' style. Just over 700 of his poems still exist, four of them are included in the classic Qing Dynasty anthology Three Hundred Tang Poems, which was first published in the 18th-century.
He excelled in the shorter, more complex forms of Chinese poetry. In technical terms, he preferred using heptasyllabics (seven character lines) to pentasyllabics (five character lines) (123 to 47 examples in Wu Zaiqing's edition of selected works), regulated rather than unregulated (145 to 22 examples in Wu), and short forms (8-line lüshi and 4-line jueju) to longer poems (142 to 25 examples in Wu).
He was a close friend and colleague of three great contemporary poets: Liu Zongyuan, Han Yu and Bai Juyi. Bai was born in the same year as Liu Yuxi and referred to "Liu and Po, those two mad old men" in at least one poem dedicated to Liu.
English translations
Two of Liu's poems were included in one of the first collections of English translations of Chinese literature: Herbert Giles's 1898 Chinese Poetry in English Verse:
秋風引 Summer Dying
何处秋风至？ Whence comes the autumn's whistling blast, 萧萧送雁群。 With flocks of wild geese hurrying past?.... 朝来入庭樹， Alas, when wintry breezes burst, 孤客最先闻。 The lonely traveller hears them first!
和乐天春词 The Odalisque
新妆宜面下朱楼， A gaily dressed damsel steps forth from her bower, 深锁春光一院愁。 Bewailing the fate that forbids her to roam; 行到中庭数花朵， In the courtyard she counts up the buds on each flower, 蜻蜓飞上玉搔头。 While a dragon-fly flutters and sits on her comb.
A more recent translator, Red Pine (Bill Porter) has translated Ode to the Autumn Wind (秋风引 Qiūfēng yǐn, the same poem as Giles's Summer Dying above), The Peach Blossoms of Hsuantu Temple (玄都觀桃花 Xuándū Guàn Táohuā), and Visiting Hsuantu Temple Again (再遊玄都觀 Zài Yóu Xuándū Guān).
Loushi Ming
One of his most famous works is 'Loushi Ming' 陋室銘, "The Scholar's Humble Dwelling", a prose-poem describing living in a simple dwelling, following a life that is refined in culture and learning:
山不在高， Who heeds the hill's bare height until 有仙則名； Some legend grows around the hill? 水不在深， Who cares how deep the stream before 有龍則靈。 Its fame is writ in country lore? 斯是陋室， And so this humble hut of mine 惟吾德馨。 May shelter virtues half divine. 苔痕上階綠， The moss may climb its ruined stair, 草色入簾青。 And grassy stains the curtain wear, 談笑有鴻儒， But scholars at their ease within, 往來無白丁。 For all but Ignorance enters in, 可以調素琴， With simple lute the time beguile, 閱金經。 Or "Golden Classic's" page a while. 無絲竹之亂耳， No discords here their ears assail, 無案牘之勞形。 Nor cares of business to bewail. 南陽諸葛廬， This is the life the Sages led. 西蜀子雲亭。 孔子云：「何陋之有？」 "How were they poor?" Confucius said.
(Translated by James Black.)
'Loushi Ming' 陋室銘 is famous. There is a song composed for that poem in 2016. That song appears in a music sheet book entitled as <Ten Songs Collection Used Chinese Ancient Poetry as Lyrics>. The ISBN9781365417665, published by lulu.com. A memorial of my shabby dwarf house
Johnson K. Gao November 18, 2016
Translated from an ancient Chinese poem written by Liu Yuxi (AD 722 ~ 842) in Tang Dynasty。
A mountain does not necessary to be high. As long as there lives a saint, It will get good fame.
A water body does not necessary to be deep. As long as there exists a dragon, It will demonstrate vital spirit.
That is my tiny room, although simple and shabby. My noble morality will help it revealing aromatic.
The trace of moss is crawling upon the staircases, Showing green; The color of grass is penetrating through the curtain, Presenting Prussian blue.
Chatting and smiling, among high rank scholars, They came and back, carried with no servants, Wrapped with white towel on head.
No noisy string instrument and flute disturbing ears, One can tune zither and read gold printed scripture; There are no messy files piled on the table, Showing the shape of fatigue, neither.
To the Zhuge Kongming’s hut in Nanyang, and The Yang Xiong’s pavilion in West Sichuan, Even Confucius could make remarks: "How could one say shabby with them?"
Philosophy
Li Yuxi was involved in a philosophical debate with his fellow literati, the poets Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, concerning the duality of heaven (the sky, and by extension the natural world or God) and earth (the world of man). Han Yu, as a Confucian, regarded Heaven as paramount, whereas Liu Zongyuan regarded them as separate spheres. Lu Yuxi’s view, expressed in an essay called the Tianlun Shu (Tiānlùn shū 天論書), was that heaven and earth (i.e. nature and man) interacted to some degree. Heaven sometimes predominated over earth, and earth sometimes predominated over heaven.
Chen, Jo-shui (1992): Liu Tsung-yüan and Intellectual Change in T'ang China, 773-819, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN0521419646, pp 49, 57, 58, 60, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73, 76, 111, 117, 119, 121, 186
Lim, Chooi Kua [Lin Shui-kao] (1994, 1996): A biography of Liu Yuxi, Chinese Culture, 36.2, 37.1, 115-50, 111-141
Luo Yuming (translated with annotations and an introduction by Ye Yang), (2011): A Concise History of Chinese Literature Volume 1, Brill, Leiden, pp 356–8
Richardson, Tori Cliffon Anthony (1994). Liu Pin-k'o chia-hua lu ('A Record of Adviser to the Heir Apparent Liu (Yü-hsi's) Fine Discourses'): A Study and Translation. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin
Sping, Madeline K (1989): Equine Allegory in the Writings of Liu Yü-hsi, in Ti-i chieh Kuo-chi T'ang-tai wen-hsüeh hui-i Lun-wen chi 第一结国际唐代文学会议论文集, Taipei Student Book Company, pp 1–35
Liu Yuxi (772-842): Tang Dynasty writer, philosopher. Characters dream too, Luoyang (now part of Henan) were native of Zhongshan (now Henan province). Zhenyuan years Scholars also Dembo school term macro subjects. Appointed to monitor the censor, to participate Wang Shuwen Innovation Group. Innovations failed, derogatory Long Zhou Sima. Calibration of his later years was appointed the minister of rites. The "Bamboo Branch", "willow leaves the word", "Wu Yixiang" and other Famous. Philosophical works of "Heaven On" three, discusses the day's material, of "fate of" root causes, with materialistic thinking. The "LIU Meng was collected works."
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About Yuxi
liu yu xi Liu Yuxi (772-842) had a dream the word (note that this dream was not Bimeng De, with the Cao Cao Meng separate words), old age since the number "Lushan people," the mid Tang Dynasty poets, writers, philosophers, politicians, the "poetry ho," said. Bank said "Liu guests" Liu Yuxi was born in Jiaxing (a then Suzhou), Pengcheng (Xuzhou), Han, Luoyang (this is Henan) people. Since the word lines from Zhongshan (Ding County today.) Liu Yuxi was monitoring the Censor, Wang Shuwen political reform groups is a member of his family is a legend for generations of literary family of Confucianism. Advocates of political reform, political reform is Wang Shuwen sent one of the center of activity. Failure was relegated to Long Zhou Sima Yongzhen innovation. He did not wallow in sink, but rather to create a positive and optimistic spirit, and actively learn from folk songs, creating a "Cailing line" and other body imitation folk poetry. Feng Zhao Jing was also after a poem by Liu Yuxi because of "mysterious concept in the Peach Trees are the best of Liu Lang to go after the plant," relegated to offend even the provincial governor upstart. Jiang was appointed provincial governor, where he wrote a large number of "Zhuzhici." Many famous and widely read today. In the summer of 824, he wrote the famous "West Mountain nostalgia": "Jun Wang Yizhou under ship building, Jinling Wang gas sadly closed. Chihiro locks Shen river bottom, a banner drop out of stone. Dead several times, past injuries, Yamagata pillow still cold. this cosmopolitan every day, so the base rustling reeds in autumn. "The poem was later the stellar literary critic, considered to be infinite Han Yun Tang masterpiece. Later, after several repeated transfers, Liu Yuxi was sent as provincial governor in Suzhou. Suzhou then floods, hunger hung everywhere. He took office after opening HUNGER, Fu-free reduced labor, and soon out of the people from disasters, and lived a happy life. Suzhou people loved him, appreciated him, and put the provincial governor who held in Suzhou, the Yingwu, Bai and his co-called "three heroes", the establishment of a three-Yin Hall. Tang Wenzong also be praised for his performance, gave him purple fish bag. Liu Yuxi later years returned to Luoyang, Ren Taizi rites calibration plus guests, and friends Friendship poetry and life of leisure. Died and was posthumously as the Ministry of chancery.
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Liu Yuxi poetry
Features: Code transport to make things good poem, child care, meaning, and describe feelings, handed down more than a famous article Lou Shi Ming Hill is not high, but the immortal name. Water is not deep, Zeling. Sri Lanka is a simple room, but I Dexin. Taihen on the grass green color into the shade. Laughing with ru, demand no Ding Bai. Can be transferred Su-Qin, read by Kim. String and wind of chaos no ears, no case of slips of labor form. Nanyang Zhuge Lu, Xishu sub yunting. Kongzi Yun: "How ugly can that be?" "Lou Shi Ming" from "Full Tang" Juan Liu square eight "Lou Shi Ming" PEP has been elected to the eighth-grade language textbook on the Book Lesson 22 Willow leaves Willow Wushan Wu Gorge and more Chaoyun Muyu phase and far. Unlimited because of things like the balcony, King and back to singing songs bamboo. Autumn cited Where to autumn, Xiao Xiao send wild geese. Come into the court toward the tree, Guke first heard. Dike line Jiuqi sea dike head Qiang dike embankment even under the floor. Higurashi pedestrians crossing the acute competition, Jiang Sheng quiet stream rolling over. Autumn term Every autumn since ancient times, sad lonely, I made the spring towards autumn wins. Yihe row of clear sky clouds, Will lead to the Bi Xiao poetry. Autumn term Hill net night comes out of water frost, A few dark red tree yellow. Such is Life on the high-rise test clear, Qi, such as spring incite people mad. Yu Xuan Du concept again Acres in the half court moss, Peach open net to make cauliflower. Peach priests go where Liu Lang, former again today. Wang Dongting Moon phase and two-lake, Lake surface without goggles unpolished. Looking to the Dongting landscape color Lo Hitodo silver tray. Jason Jiang Under the new surface should be Zhulou makeup, Spring a hospital locked worry. Line to the number of flowers in the atrium, Yu Saotou fly dragonfly. Bamboo Baidicheng first spring grass of Health, Shu Jiang Qing white mountain of salt. Penan up a song, Mo hometown people moving north. Bamboo Qutangcaocao Twelve Beach, There is a world difficult road since ancient times. Regret of people as water, Lightly ground turmoil. Bamboo Layers of the mountain peach flowers Fireworks are people among the clouds. Chuan nobile to the negative water Short-long knife to burn She Li. Bamboo Davidiana safflower over the top, Shu river flows shoot mountain stream. Lang Yi decline bonuses like Italy, Unlimited flow like Lennon worry. Bamboo Wu Gorge gray misty rain, the Qing Yuanti at the highest branches. A melancholy man in the gut from breaking, Origin is not the sound of grief. Bamboo Yangliuqing bok level Jiang Wen Lang ride a voice. East west sunrise rain There is no clear road clear. Bamboo Chu Jiang rain water Bashan more Hongo Palestinian people can sing songs. At the present customers think of returning home to the north, Back into the knot that Phi Lo Green. Bamboo New Yuqing spring river, Health West Spring Hu Wen-rang. Good east west willow, People come and people go to sing the line. Bamboo Snowy mountain flowers open sides, Every family silver cup full of liquor. Zhaojun Square multi companion, Wing to extrauterine outing. Bamboo Yan Yu west outside the reactor, Waves can not be destroyed every year. Up_set_ people as stone, Came from a west to east to the complex. Bamboo Three-pole spring sunrise mist elimination, Jiang Shu-off in blue radial head. Send a mad husband by a paper book, Miles lives in Chengdu bridge. Step function words Mama peach clouds occasion Whispering son of the city two thousand years old. Sea breeze off the Grateloupia, Guipengqiongpan Emperor Xian. Step function words China Table Millennium Yihe return, Dan is the top of the snow for the condensate clothes. Language to make people listen to the stars cents, Turned to the five clouds are flying wings. Drop music Colored embroidery reunion Deng Jun turtle feast. Candle is best under Partial said before falling. Pick-up, such as Head Start, The boat should be presented. Drop music Chunzao see squid, Zhao Zhao hate hair late. And look at flowers behind But when the memory is not open. Fortunately, there are drop music, Jun Mo cup of speech. Nagqu knot Yang Liuyu green, Love of Bamboo. A review with Lang, Listen to songs that sound knot. Nagqu knot Qu Xing riding infinity Tune with different words. Lang is willing to do life, Long as ownership. Gold and Sand Nine of the Yellow River thousands of miles of sand, Wind waves toss from Amoy End of the World. Now go straight on the Galaxy, Weaver home with the cows. Gold and Sand Waves roar in August to come, Hill back to the first high-Shu Zhang touch. But even for a moment into the sea door, Rolled up the sand like snow. Gold and Sand Panning water is not suspended Wave after wave is not destroyed before the students. Nagisa is suddenly recalled Xiaoxiang, Welcome back to God, sing three twice. Gold and Sand Luoshui spring bridge ramp, Opinion Qiongsha Biliuhe light. Wind anxious for no reason Mo, Startled ducks out of the waves. Gold and Sand Murdoch calumny such as the wave depth Shen Mo Yan move off like sand. Although thousands of Amoy million Luk hard Chuijin cold start to the golden sand. Gold and Sand Bianshui east eye of the tiger stripes, Xiao Qing Huai color duck head spring. Jun Panning Department to see Ferry, But how many people crossing the world. Gold and Sand Jin Jiang Zhuo side cross flowers, Panning is the spring wind and waves. Cut the duck girl Jin, Stream will be sun_set_. Gold and Sand Cheng Chau river fog sunshine open Gold companion man Jiang Okuma. Indian beauty jewelry Hau Wong, Full of sand waves at the end come. Gold and Sand Parrot Long Zhan Sha Chau Tau, Spring Full Moon will be inclined brothel. Return title fight mud swallows homes, Yi-fu is not mad at home alone. Willow leaves Plum Saibei blown bamboo flute, Laurel hill Huainan words. Inviting former Mo played song Sing a new willow leaves turned to listen. Willow leaves Royal Green street brush, hanging doors, Thousands Hamamelidaceae million wire. Now string together as a knot, Pedestrians will be donated to know I do not know. Willow leaves Lithe willowy accounted for Love, Dancing pavilion floor makeup cover everywhere. Xu Fei do not stay in the spring, Good people go to wind down. Willow leaves South East street when spring grass, Where they do not meet Yiyi. Pink peach all boast good Be subject to Chueiyang phase play. Willow leaves Jiuqi outside the city in spring, Sleeve of a robe at the West when the pedestrian play. Chang Mo infinite tree, Only Chueiyang pipe parting. Willow leaves King lost the first smoke Yangtze River, Sui Jiagongshufu Gimje. Saga was even worse color, Waterfowl habitat in the half-wave dip. Willow leaves A welcome first spring arrival Reflected light green light yellow tower. Just because willowy more emotions, More frustrated by a long spring break. Willow leaves Fengqueqingzhe emerald curtain, Lung Chi Looking yeast silk dust. Yugou spring water phase embraced Chang mad killing of children. Willow leaves Calyx front of the initial planting, Beauty upstairs fighting waist. Now throw in Long Street, Lu Ye who hate such as the Fighting For. Willow leaves Royal palace Bianshui Yang Bin, Very few lines residues Willow Spring. Late to take the wind from the snow, Not people flying into the walls of the palace. Willow leaves Valley garden warbler flew Copper Camel Mo good wind. Tao Li a moment to do the east, Fight like Chueiyang unlimited time. Tap lyrics Spring moon levee level Embankment girl ran off the line. Huan sing the new words do not see, Ying Ming tree partridge red window. Tap lyrics Liu Tao footpath street after a good, Stapes into the next month under the makeup song. King Xiang Palace is a place, So far Youzi more slender. Tap lyrics According to legend, the new word reverberates delivery, Zhen-Huan wind Lu sleeve before dumping. Moon_set_ Wuti scattered clouds and rain, Tong Mo Yu Tian Shi Hua. Tap lyrics Higurashi Jiangnan Wen bamboo, Penan diem North people sad. Since the snow to sing a new song Chunhua do until three pm. Yi Jiangnan Spring and also, thank you LA people. Ruoliu suspect held from wind sleeve of a robe, Lu Lan Zhi Cong may dip moist towel, Sitting alone also with frown. Yi Jiangnan Spring and also of pity sun years. Worse than peach water on Speechless respect bamboo drunk before However, to be a clear sky. Xiaoxiang God Xiang water, Hunan flow, Puzzle things fall since September. If you ask where the two concubines, Gloomy Lingling Lu Grass. Xiaoxiang God Bamboo sticks, Bamboo sticks, Send Acacia little tears. To listen to Yaose Chuke resentment Xiaoxiang next month when the night. Xisaishan Nostalgia Jun Wang Yizhou under ship building, Jinling Wang gas sadly closed. Chihiro locks Shen river bottom, A banner drop out of stone. Died a few memories back injury, Yamagata pillow still cold. Every day this cosmopolitan, Therefore, rustling reeds fall barrier. Lotte paid gift Yangzhou see the beginning of every gallery Chu Bashan water desolate land, Twenty-three years abandoned exposure. Yin Wen Fu Di empty nostalgia, Ke turn to the country like rotten people. Thousands of junks sunk boat sail past, Million trees ahead of the spring wood. Jun listen to a song today, With occasional glass of wine a long spirit.
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Liu Yuxi and "Wu Yixiang" generous about poetry
Wu Ji Ling Liu Yuxi's "Wu Yixiang" poem: "Suzaku bridge weed, Wu Yixiang mouth sun_set_; old Yan Wang Xietang ago, flying into the homes of ordinary people." This poem is Liu Yuxi cycle, "Five Issues of Nanking", one to the Seeing the way the description of changes in rise and fall of the aristocracy, then two, while you're widely read, popular. Usually, this explanation is that after the two lines: Once upon a family mansions in Wangxie Shi Hua Tang, swallow nests, and now because those Dizhai is gone, so I had to fly home to nests of the common people. Here, migratory birds nesting by the change to reflect the personnel changes, people can not help feeling this world of vicissitudes. In addition, Shibu Hua in the "Xian-yong said Poems" and another saying that goes: "If for him to swallow, then fruit. Cover swallow still into the hall, Wang Xie scattered, have been turned into ordinary people carry on. So the feeling infinite, pen very song. "Here, the proposed" Wang Xietang "and" common people "are two different things or just one issue of the problem, but the emotion system, also appears to be unrelated to the overall situation. But the grotesque is that some people have skill on the back door from this poem, not surprisingly said. Liu ax "Qing Suo left Picks" drawing Song Zhangdun Yi "Six stories," says: "Wang Tse, Jinling people, the world to seafaring. Day, the sea lost ship, the pan a wooden landing, saw a Weng a woman, both clothes soap. to the home, the country is also black clothing to the woman his wife. both a long, pavilion Sigui, complex multiplication Yunxuan Asia Standard. to the home, there are two swallow habitat in the beam, move the hand of the pavilion, that is flying arm, take the piece of paper written verses, lines in the swallowtail, saying: 'Turning up the country Hua Xu, perfect man pity it hard all day; Yunxuan journeyman free news and tears, the Wind a few hundred back.' and the spring, Yan Fu flying, pavilion see him a poem: 'the old meet both the number of offerings, and now stare is born far away from; to spring even though some Acacia words, days of March Namo Yan Fei'. to years old, Yan Jingbu to. The Habitat project is a result of Wuyi Xiang pavilion, so there is a poem of Liu Yuxi 'mouth ... ... ... ... Wuyi Xiang' also. "Thus, the" wood "radical change the word" statement "and substituting the word pavilion radical metabolism, then obviously surnamed Wang, Xie, Zuxing two will easily become family, "Wang Tse," one person; coupled back into the mass of the non-existent Yan-wing book, so had to send handsome ancient poetic emotion, Hing Wai completely changed the taste, into a Huan Liu Yuxi chasing nostalgia song. If this happens to be known as the title of the poem Hao Liu Yuxi smell, I really do not know the feeling turn Ruzhi He? Chennai of that?
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Liu Yuxi poetry
Liu Yuxi's poem, regardless of short chapters long, mostly simple and bright, customs Junshuang, there is a wise philosopher and poet of deep feeling penetration which, very artistic tension and hung straight momentum. Such as "north wind sad Laoji, akishimo moving birds of prey. ... ... Not bad for a sense of festival, security can be stimulated Zhuang Xin" ("Learning Nguyen Cong body three" second), "Masi edge hair grass boxing action, eagle ogle Albatron sleepy eyes opened. World eliminate Humphreys around, King and Fu Bing on the high-profile "(" smell the beginning of autumn ") of such verses, written in holding high-spirited, intense style, has a bad vibration from the waste, stimulating force. As for the Seven quatrains, but also unique, such as: "Murdoch calumny as the waves of deep, Mo Yan Shen move off like sand. Amoy million Luk, although thousands of hard Chuijin Until this beginning to the gold." ("Langtaosha words nine, "the eight)," Plum Saibei blown bamboo flute, Huainan laurel hill word. inviting former Mo played music, listen to singing a new turn, "willow leaves "。"(" willow leaves nine words" one) to read poetry , these two works are concise and refreshing, intelligible and easy solution, but looking through the layer will be realized to a disdain for the suffering, the independent unwavering spirit and meet the suffering, beyond the feelings of suffering, the life flow out of a Pentium Qijiutuxin vitality and optimism for the future, a noble personality intrinsic determination. Another example is his famous song "Autumn word": Every autumn since ancient times, sad lonely, I made towards the autumn Sheng-chun. Yihe row of clear sky clouds will lead to the Bi Xiao poetry. The poem is an anti-traditional Autumn view Autumn Ode to Autumn like to give Fall of a guided life force, a performance poet yearning for freedom of the infinite love. Particularly high breast times, Glucosamine very healthy. Liu Yuxi early father-resident Jiaxing, frequented the famous monk Wu visited as part of Jiangnan and the spirit of Monk's Ran Che, according to its "Che Chi Master Collection" readme, when he "Fang Yan penned a two-bang, to accompany the chant, Jieyue Ruzaikejiao ", the early experiences of his later poems deep. So, Ran, Ling Che idea of poetry is like? Ran the "poetic style" of poetry, and special attention to two aspects, one advocate trying to come up exercise, asked the poet to be careful in the words after the reversion of natural temper, he believes that poetry is the ultimate nature; the second is attached great importance to far-reaching poetic meaning and the spirit realm Long Chang Gao Yang, saying that "taking the high environment, the body will give a high side to take territory Yi, then a body will give Yi." This "border" that mood of mind from the creative subject, "really think in Yao Ming, was overwhelmed by floating idea to send" ("A book winter school Yu"), the poet and aesthetic ideas but the subjective state of mind the most important. Che did not poetic spirit handed down, but according to Quan, "free spirit Chul Master Lushan return Vaud order" that he "deep emptiness and track the heart to send text, it is very Yi Yi language, such as the environment not often, but minds of all students not to end ... ... mind not wait knowing static and quiet environment "; said he often" whisk party gown, sitting boat, dating back along the mirror, so still Quotes, and further empty, then washed million taking into account " Che also attaches great importance can be seen in the main spirit of the silent contemplation of the ethereal mood to win the deep, and the pursuit of natural language. These insights on the one hand by Dali, Zhenyuan Poetry effect, pay attention to word temper, without a trace, on the one hand is derived from the Buddhist emphasis on "heart" the idea that feelings of subjective experience. Liu Yuxi believe that Buddhism, was one of Samadhi, he said many years later, people should write poetry, "a phrase intended to clear a hundred, you can take the Battle million King Chi" ("Chi Tung Wuling _set_"), the first sentence refers language concise and subtle, the latter sentence refers contemplation and meditation subject. So the one hand, attention was focused on his temper and polished so that the language of poetry both delicate and natural, and against the use of uncommon words and more, that "the Poetry of secluded words, must have come at the ... ... Poetry younger industry, that is to be valid, not Lver Road also "(" Liu Jia guests, then record "); On the other hand, he attached great importance to the contemplation and meditation subject in "Master of the monastery held the autumn had hung it to send owned Jiangling poem cited," he said: To dispassion is Fangcun De true, false and King into the million; entry will have some leaks, is shaped in the word. ... ... Due to be derived from the environment, so swift to clear; by the wisdom and words and, so pure then to Korea. Poems by Liu Yuxi was praised. The poems in simple language, a _select_ion of images, the performance, after he read the vicissitudes of contemplation to do, which contains a deep emotion, such as "Xisaishan nostalgia", "Wu Yixiang," "Stone City", " Shu first the main temple, "are all famous article. Jun Wang Yizhou under ship building, Jinling Wang gas sadly closed. Chihiro locks Shen river bottom, a banner drop out of stone. Died a few back injuries back, Yamagata pillow still cold. Every day this cosmopolitan, so the base rustling reeds in autumn. ("West Mountain nostalgia") Suzaku bridge weed, Wu Yixiang mouth sun_set_. Former Yan Wang Xietang old, flying into the homes of ordinary people. ("Wu Yixiang") The poet stood before a hill overlooking the West emotion, in his mind, is a sharp contrast between the eternal and transient: A thousand sails compete, locks Shen Jiang, whether it is war descending order, and disorder, split a unified, all nature than to silence all but solo, momentary. Through the king, after a thank these tracks into the old gentry family history of changes in ordinary people, showing people's soul common prosperity and dignity of all time will be the net to make washing sigh. Liu Yuxi's landscape poetry, but also changed the Dali, the poet lapel Sadamoto small pieces, the style of bleak weather, but often out of space to write a real distance, the open half-empty half-real scene, such as "cloud like underwater mountains snow, bridge flat shore grass Smoke "(" Green Fields and cattle Messire drunk Fables tour and see the game show presented Lotte ")," Weeds Fang Fei Hung Kam-to, gossamer blinding Biluo days "(" Spring Book Send East Los pregnant white II Yang eighty-two Twelve Bastard "). Another example is "looking Dongting": Moon phase and two-lake, lake surface did not wear no goggles. Looking to the Dongting landscape Tsui, Lo Hitodo silver tray. In this quiet ethereal sights in the integration of the poet's subjective feelings, constitutes a quiet peaceful atmosphere. In addition, mention should be made of his songs written by some of the poems. Ran, Ling Che, who lives in the thriving folk Wu, and in the Zen view, straightforward folk natural, lively and simple, it is the ultimate language, so they have to learn the characteristics of folk poetry, which is no doubt Liu Yuxi has some influence; Yuxi has repeatedly demoted the south, which is popular folk songs of the place, so often to collect folk songs Liu Yuxi, learning style for its poetry, such as "Egret child": Egret children, the highest cell. New sweater into the snow lost, all the birds call unique condensate silence noise. Gumian flourishing grass, long-established gurgling stone. Before the mountains are no clouds, and flew away into the Bi. Metaphorical way to write their own poems to the feelings of aloof, but in a lively folk song. There are some works of folk songs fully modeled, such as the "Bamboo Branch", "willow leaves word," "dike line", "step on lyrics", etc., are simple and natural, fresh and lovely, the distribution of rich folk like the breath of life, the following two The first is particularly vivid: South Lakeshore Jiangbei Hope, into a Traveller corresponding song. Peach leaf bamboo teaser resentment, unlimited water next month and more. ("Dike line" three bis) Yangliuqing bok level, Wen Lang shore singing voice. East west sunrise rain, there is no clear sunny. ("Zhuzhici" one of two)
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The tomb of Liu Yuxi
Hao Liu Yuxi generation after the death of poetry, was buried in the Henan Xing Yang (now Zhengzhou Ying Yang). Xingyang Government on the basis of the tomb of Liu Yuxi, waste of money building an area of 280 acres of major cultural theme park ---- Liu Yuxi Park and open to the public free of charge. Liu Yuxi tomb is located east of Second shilipu Xingyang Township (now Yu Longzhen) wolf's den of high ground south of the village Liu, Gu Cheng Tan Shan. Cemetery Road, north of Zhengzhou to the street about 70 meters, take the north south, there is a circular mound, mound height of about 7.5 meters, 20 meters long week. According to the Republic of China, "Ying Yang County," contains: "Tan Hill in Yuxi tomb." Former Residence of Liu Yuxi Since the Tang Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty shabby homes have been on the expansion and reconstruction. In 1986, the shabby homes by the Anhui province, and county funding repairs. In the same year, shabby homes approved by the Provincial People's Government as the provincial key cultural relics protection units, covering 50 acres. Former Residence of Liu Yuxi
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Encyclopedia
Liu Yuxi Liu Yuxi Generation of writers, philosophers. Words dream too. Luoyang (Henan, this is a) people, native of Zhongshan (Ding County today.) He is a descendant of the Huns, seven ancestor with the Wei Emperor Xiaowen moved to Luoyang, Liu Liang, began to change surnames. Father FORENSIC due to avoid Rebellion, cited family dongqian, resident Jiaxing (now Zhejiang). Liu Yuxi was born in Jiaxing. The first stage of life, Dezon Zhenyuan six years (790) previously. Liu Yuxi at an early age to learn, familiar with the Confucian classics, browse philosophers. Childhood monk was to escort Ran Wu, Ling Che poems, get their advice, and for the esteem of Quan. He later has always maintained a good impression of Jiangnan, self-proclaimed "southern-off." The second stage, from seven to shun cases Yongzhen Sadamoto first year (805). Study Tour 19-year-old Liu Yuxi Chang. Zhen Yuan and Liu nine board Scholars with the first list, followed Teng Wang word Section. Sadamoto eleven years the Board of Civil Registration to take the Imperial, the school granted Prince book, began to _set_ foot on the career. He hopes to have some as political. Going to before, claiming to "channel does not impose on others, the build those records," ("the right to offer round-off book"). "Mountain Song", "Ming-chi," said: "make million people, for God saw bone. Mountains infinite solid, such as the mountain side. Husband no MTD, although you still mediocre." Going to the future, and actively participate in political activities . Sixteen years Rudu You curtain palm Sadamoto secretary, creating chaos in crusade against Xuzhou. Eighteen years of Weinan Prefecture transferred to the main book. Any of the following year to monitor the censor. Sadamoto twenty-one year (August of this year reign title Yongzhen) in January, Dezon dead, Shun were ascended the throne, appointed Wang Shuwen, who introduced a series of reform measures to maladministration. Ren Tuntian Yuanwai Lang Liu Yuxi was sentenced Expenditures salt and iron case, and Wang Shuwen, Wang □, Liu political reform with the central figure, known as the "two kings Liu Liu." Innovation was only half a year, were eunuchs, Military strong opposition. Shun were forced to abdicate the throne Kenso. September, innovation fails, Wang Shuwen be Cisi. Liu Yuxi dismissed as not even the beginning of the state (now Guangdong with the county) the provincial governor, traveling to Jiangling, and then banished Langzhou (now Hunan Changde) Sima. Yuan Zhou Sima also dismissed as a total of eight, known as "eight Sima." The third stage, from Kenso element and the first year (806) to Jingzong Po calendar years (826). Sima was banished eight after Kenso had even ordered: "vertical every amnesty, not the limited amount of shift." ("Old Tang Shuxian cases of Discipline") from this point on, Liu Yuxi embarked on the "poor unhappy with the book" road. By the devaluation, he wrote a lot of political satire, daring to expose the scandal eunuch with a large bureaucracy in order to express the resentment chest. Yuan and December, and Liu Yuxi, who recall with instructions from Beijing. March the following year, Liu Yuxi wrote a "dollars and XI (the word derivative) years, from Langzhou response to Beijing, Xi Zeng see the flowers of various gentlemen," poetry, offend the ruling was putting to even the provincial governor. Kui and later served as provincial governor, and provincial governor. Wherever he went, visit the hardships, the people concerned about the sufferings, wrote many poems. Due to the long suffering Chizhu, ideas caught in depression, as early as Langzhou era to Buddhism as a comfort. To even the state, the close dealings with the Buddhists, monks paid a lot of poetry writing, Po winter calendar years, from the state Feng recalled Luoyang. Twenty-two years of his career relegated to this end. The fourth stage, from the first year Zong Japan (827) to Takemune Huichang years (842) died in Luoyang. Congress and the first year, Liu Yuxi subject and object of any doctor Shangshusheng East Capital. The following year Huichao doctor of any subject-object. Him to Chang'an, to write a "re-visit all mysterious concept of quatrains," repeated the performance of the unyielding fight and always will. After the official calendar of Suzhou, Yu Chau, with the provincial governor. From the opening into the first year (836), the change Rentai Zi guests were Secretary of monitoring points in the featherbed East Division. Huichang first year (841), plus calibration rites title. Liu said the world guests, Liu Shang. Local officials in his office on quite a performance, but always feel that they can not give full play to the political, long-hold "days with the director not to Shi" ("sub Liu autobiography"), the hate. Prime minister hopes his later years Peidu, to help Peidu refresh politics. But Peidu in the "Li political struggle" in the marginalized, we should do nothing, and it might not realize this desire. Liu Yuxi in the dark was no way under the reality, then by the old, broad-minded thinking of distraction Chuang depression, and heart unwilling to sink, and wrote, "Murdoch Sang Yu night sky for the Xia, Shang" ("Ode to the old pay Lotte see show"), a class lines in order to encourage each other, so that his years in the Ming Hu Zhenheng "cream is not bad" ("Tang Yin Kuei-sign"). Before dying essays, "son Liu autobiography" for his early innovations to participate in the defense of Yongzhen for Wang Shuwen rehabilitation, that he till the end of the blog section. Liu Yuxi Bai poems and famous during his lifetime, the Bank said "Liu white." Bai called him "Poetry House" praise. He
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n.: Liu Yuxi
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Nanjing
poetry of the Tang Dynasty
Qiyan lushi,a poem of eight lines
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The Dongting Lake
ancient style poetry
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official conservatory in the Han ynasty (206B.C.-A.D.220)
Liú Yǔxī (Traditional Chinese: 劉禹錫; Simplified Chinese: 刘禹锡) (772–842) was a Chinese poet, philosopher, and essayist, active during the Tang Dynasty. He was an associate of Bai Juyi and was known for his folk-style poems.
