Events: AIDS epidemic in China presents new features of widespread discrimination against infected
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BEIJING, Dec. 1 Xinhua comprehensive report today is the first of 23 World AIDS Day theme "Universal Access and Human Rights", emphasizing the implementation of AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support universal access is the protection of human rights imperative. At present, China's AIDS prevention work has been extensive attention the whole society and built a dragnet of AIDS prevention and control. November 29 State Council executive meeting held is clear that prevention and control of AIDS related to the health of the people and the economic and social development, related to national prosperity and national survival.
Total of 6.8 million people died of AIDS in China
November 29, the Chinese Ministry of Health and the AIDS epidemic prevention and control work. Informed, as of the end of October this year, the cumulative reported HIV infections and 370,393 cases of patients, of which 132,440 cases of patients; died 68,315 cases.
In 2009, the Ministry of Health and UNAIDS, the Joint World Health Organization assessment that: the end of 2009, estimated that China is now the survival of patients infected with HIV and about 74 million, of which about 10.5 million patients; 2009 new infections About 4.8 million people who, due to AIDS-related deaths of about 2.6 million people.
Bulletin showed that nearly two years, the AIDS epidemic in China there are some new conditions, three characteristics.
First, the AIDS epidemic continues to rise, rise slowed. In recent years, as China's AIDS prevention education, counseling and testing and antiviral therapy continues to increase efforts and found that those infected and more and more patients after treatment significantly reduced the mortality of patients, according to the development of AIDS epidemic laws and international experience in the AIDS epidemic, and the survival of the cumulative number of patients infected with a period of time will continue to rise. AIDS nearly two years monitoring results show that: The annual report of the number of infected persons and patients by the chain growth rate of 16.8% in 2008 down to 9.3% in 2009, from January to October 2010 fell by 1.4% year on year growth.
Second, sexual transmission has become a major route of transmission, male homosexual transmission rate of increase significantly. Reported cases over the years the proportion of heterosexual transmission from 40.3% in 2008 rose to 47.1% in 2009; the proportion of male same-sex sexual transmission of 5.9% from 2008 to 2009 increased 8.6%.
Third, specific populations of local areas and the epidemic is serious. Yunnan, Guangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Guangdong Province reported a total of 6 infected and report the total number of patients account for 77.1%.
Still face significant discrimination against infected persons
Infected persons and AIDS patients, the disease itself in addition to a threat to the life and health, the greatest impacts are often from social discrimination.
AIDS Center of China CDC Deputy Director Liu Kang Mai Nov. 30 release of "Chinese HIV status of the discrimination faced by the report" shows: China HIV in employment, medical care, insurance, education, discrimination was significantly , of the 1,877 infected persons, 14.8% were refused employment or lost their jobs, 12.1% had at least one patient has been refused medical institutions, insurance companies refused insurance coverage was 12.2%, 9.1% of the insurance company exclusions, 9.% the health of infected children were forced to drop out of school.
November 29, "the first case of HIV discrimination in employment," the parties Xiao Wu (pseudonym), Anqing City, Anhui Province has been submitted Intermediate People's Court lawsuit, Anqing City Court has decided to accept such. Some media said that the defenders of AIDS is of great significance.
May this year, Xiao Wu, who participated in Anqing City Community Council, Education, Anqing City, the organization directly under the open recruitment of teachers in the school examinations. Examination showed that he is HIV-infected people, for this reason, Anqing City Board of Education told him not to hire. Subsequently, Xiao Wu, the Anqing City Board of Education, Human Resources and Social Council to court, asked the court found the defendant not the plaintiff failed physical act of illegal recruitment; request to re-order the defendant to the plaintiff's specific administrative act.
November 11, Anqing City Yingjiang District Court ruled that the plaintiff dismissed the claim. November 29, Xiao Wu once again appeal. He said: "choose to file an appeal before the World AIDS, not for myself alone. If you choose not to appeal, my life can continue, and may expose the identity of a small, but I still want to discuss one of this group way out. "
Liu Kang Mai that great damage to the infected discrimination legal rights to their life and work of blood and more adverse effects. He proposed to strengthen the popularization of knowledge of AIDS and anti-discrimination policy formulation, implementation and monitoring; strengthen the training of medical personnel; ranking of relevant laws and regulations, strengthening of HIV infection and the patient's legal protection.
Phase I trials of AIDS vaccine design goals to achieve
"International AIDS Day" on the eve of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention of STD and AIDS, said Shao Yiming, chief expert, China's AIDS vaccine Phase I trials meet the design objectives.
Shao Yiming introduced infectious disease vaccine Phase III clinical trials generally. The just concluded first phase of clinical trials proved that the vaccine is very safe, vaccinated without any serious adverse events; can cause both humoral immune response, produce antibodies, can also induce immune response against the virus-specific T cell response, the full realization of the design goals.
In addition, said Shao Yiming, two vaccines have been produced by the State Drug Administration approved the technology sector is being submitted to the Phase II clinical trial program.
It is reported that HIV exists mainly in the human blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk and wound exudate, although the disease can not currently be cured, but by controlling the three major routes of transmission, can effectively prevent infection:
First, to prevent transmitted through blood. Including staying away from drugs; prevent accidents, reduce unnecessary or inappropriate blood transfusion, while only accept HIV testing through blood, blood products and tissues; use of clean medical instruments, do not share it with others can cause damage to tools such as razors , toothbrush and so on.
Second, the prevention of transmission through sexual contact. For safe sex, use condoms, suffering from sexually transmitted diseases early to standardize hospital for examination, treatment.
Third, the prevention of mother to child transmission. HIV-infected women should avoid pregnancy; of those who choose to continue pregnancy should take antiviral intervention and other measures to interrupt transmission of cesarean section, postpartum artificial feeding, avoid breastfeeding the newborn.
Related to the rise and fall of national AIDS
November 29, Premier Wen Jiabao chaired a State Council executive meeting, study and plan to further strengthen AIDS prevention and control work. Meeting made it clear that prevention and control of AIDS related to the health of the people and the economic and social development, related to national prosperity and national survival.
It was noted that the positive effects of AIDS prevention, but should clearly see that the current AIDS epidemic situation is still grave in China, control is still extremely difficult. Must adhere to the prevention first, combining prevention with control, according to control, scientific control, in the practical implementation of the "Four Frees and One Care" policy, based on to take further effective measures to strengthen AIDS prevention and control work. The meeting also identified eight AIDS policy measures:
First, expand the coverage of public education. Strengthen key areas and promotion of AIDS prevention knowledge, the implementation of middle school students and above the provisions of prevention and treatment knowledge to develop prevention and treatment of the media publish and broadcast advertising and public mandatory targets, universal access to AIDS prevention knowledge and policies.
Second, to expand surveillance and testing coverage, the maximum found infected. Strengthen the monitoring of network construction, quick and easy at the grassroots level to promote the use of HIV testing methods. Epidemic-hit areas of medical and health institutions at all levels should take the initiative to carry out AIDS, syphilis testing and counseling.
(To expand the coverage of prevention of mother to child transmission, the effective reduction of neonatal infection. Gradually and congenital syphilis prevention of mother to child transmission of major public health programs extended to the country, provided free of charge to pregnant women testing HIV and syphilis, maternal infection and the series of free children born of interventions.
Fourth, expand the coverage of comprehensive intervention to curb the spread of HIV. To carry out anti-drug law to combat prostitution and other criminal activities. Strengthen the susceptible population, infected and STD patients a comprehensive intervention to cut through sexual transmission. Establishment of compulsory isolation rehabilitation, community rehabilitation, community rehabilitation and maintenance treatment of drug mechanisms and the interface between the remote medication security mechanism, the maximum admitted drug users.
Fifth, to expand the coverage of antiretroviral therapy. Improve the local therapy, family therapy and community treatment-based network of anti-viral treatment, the establishment of protection mechanisms for remote treatment of patients, expanding the scale of Chinese medicine treatment. Essential Drugs List in the appropriate increase in anti-HIV therapy and opportunistic infection treatment drug type, expand the scope of medication and gradually increase the level of basic health care, reduce patient burden of medical expenses.
Sixth, strengthen the blood safety management and ensure safe blood for clinical use. Vigorously promote voluntary blood donation, blood screening ability to improve blood banks. Medical and health institutions to strengthen the blood for clinical use and management of nosocomial infections, strengthen the protection of patients and medical staff to prevent iatrogenic infection.
Seven, to strengthen HIV care and patient assistance, the implementation of the welfare of children affected by AIDS protection policy. Efforts to eliminate discrimination, protect the infected patients and their family members and medical care, employment, schooling and other aspects of legal rights. Strengthen the criminal and treatment of infected persons, relief, do educational supervision.
Eight to strengthen AIDS prevention and control team building, promotion of research and technological achievements, to improve prevention and control capacity and level.
Background: AIDS
AIDS is short for acquired immune deficiency syndrome, which consists of "human T cell leukemia virus" (HIV) caused. The virus in the human body average incubation period of 12 years to 13 years, will destroy the human immune system, making the body lose the ability to resist various diseases and eventually death.
Since 1981, the United States after the first case of AIDS cases, the disease spread rapidly worldwide. Latest UNAIDS annual report on global AIDS situation, as of the end of 2009, the global total of HIV infected 3330 people. In 2009, AIDS killed about 180 million people worldwide died.
UNAIDS hopes that by 2015, global annual number of AIDS deaths by half in the current level, about control of AIDS deaths within the 90 million people.
To raise public awareness of the harm of AIDS, called on people to take measures to prevent its spread and spread, January 1988, the World Health Organization each year on December 1 as World AIDS Day.
(Editor: Yang) |
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