Events: President Li Tsung-jen's last big wish: split the world and the Communist Party (Photos)
| Event Details:
President Li Tsung-jen's last big wish: the world and the Communist Party split (Figure) look at history
Peace
Li Tsung-jen Chiang Kai-shek intended for the "successor statement"
"Look at history," Wen Wang Bin │
Li Tsung-jen took office to his own in the three major tasks: First, the peace talks; the second is to seek "honorable peace", while the internal democratic reform, access to public support; third is to seek U.S. help to stabilize inflation. But until he's "acting president" jobs over a three did not wish to achieve.
Of Li Tsung-jen, the spring of 1949 is a promising new beginning.
This year, January 21, Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek's Central News Agency broadcast a statement: "The war is still not ended, peace can not achieve the purpose. I can no longer serve for some reason, decided to retire before the body, acting president by Vice President Li Tsung-jen terms . "However, Li Tsung-jen took the KMT regime at stake: the northeast, north territory" occupied ", central, eastern, north of the Yangtze River are occupied by the PLA. Yangtze River north of the PLA 320 million, of which 120 million people consisting of two strategic cluster combat readiness thing. Also, although Chiang Kai-shek himself "step down", really just staying behind the scenes, everything is still control in their own hands.
In addition to Chiang Kai-shek, Sun also told the Premier he was singing a different tune. As early as Jan. 19, Sun on behalf of the Executive Yuan envoys to countries in Nanjing, issued a notice asking them to move to Guangzhou - because the Executive Yuan to move to Guangzhou.
In this way, the National Government into three: Chiang Kai-shek in Xikou remote control; Li Tsung-jen in Nanjing "proxy"; Sun office in Guangzhou - Mao author ridiculed this as "one country, Excellencies."
Li Tsung-jen's memoirs later admitted he took office to his three major tasks: First, the peace talks; the second is not to the Communist Party of the river, seeking to "honorable peace", while the internal democratic reforms that public support; third is to seek U.S. help, stable inflation.
"Lee on behalf of the President" wishful thinking to achieve it?
◎ breakdown of peace talks doomed
To seek peace with China, is the starting point for all programs.
As early as January 1, Chiang Kai-shek made a speech in the New Year summation statement. Responded that the CPC agreed to peace talks, but made eight conditions for peace talks. Chiang Kai-shek, this eight bargaining is unconditional surrender to him, he no way acceptable.
The positive response of the CPC Li Tsung-jen idea of peace talks. January 27, Li Tsung-jen and Pai Chung-hsi Liu Zhongrong sent peace emissaries to Beijing and others. Secret peace talks that also repeatedly said that Lee White are willing to peace talks, but the People's Liberation Army can not get over the Yangtze River.
However, Mao's ideas and Li Tsung-jen is completely different. Mao Zedong was officially announced on January 14 when the eight statements had been clear: no matter the outcome of peace talks, we must tread the Yangtze River.
In order to achieve the cease-fire as soon as the purpose, Li Tsung-jen on February 14 bypassing the Sun and the Executive Yuan, sent Yanhui Qing, Zhang Shizhao of 4 people to "Shanghai People's peace delegation" KMT-CCP talks on behalf of flight test the possibility of Peking. April 1, also formally sent to the chief of the negotiating delegation Zhang Zhizhong, arrived in Peking.
This "no bargaining" negotiations began. Peiping the focus of a dispute the two sides focused on the issue of war criminals and the crossing. On prisoners of war, Nanjing, inter Shao Lizi, the other a few people all said, "Punishment of war criminals," this one is not acceptable. However, the issue of the CPC on behalf of not relent in the war criminals, insisted on the need to punish. On the crossing issue, the representative hoped that the Chinese military in Nanjing river or the pressure of cross-river, however, only agreed to peace talks on behalf of the CPC, but during the occasional river, but after the peace talks not a matter to be negotiated across the river about.
Huge differences, originally scheduled on April 5 delayed start of formal peace talks. April 15, at the second formal meeting, Zhou Enlai solemnly declared: negotiations for the April 20 deadline, the Nanjing government is willing to sign, shall stand before the 20th. The CCP also with a letter to Li Tsung-jen: Whether or not the negotiations to reach agreement, the PLA must cross the river.
20 at night, Mao Li Tsung-jen in Nanjing Road restoration issue, refused to sign. 21, Mao Zedong and Zhu De issued to the million troops crossing orders.
After crossing the PLA like gangbusters, Li Tsung-jen and the Communist Party split the world the idea of complete bankruptcy.
◎ reform has become an empty phrase
Capital loss, Li Tsung-jen's mood is bleak. Led to his mind the is that from the beginning stage, any reform measures have failed.
January 24, Li Tsung-jen took office at the beginning of the Executive Yuan ordered the following instructions: 1, the General Command of the country into political and military counterinsurgency Executive Office; 2, the abolition of the national martial law; 3, the abolition of nation-building corps counter-insurgency; 4, the release of political prisoners; 5, the lifting of ban on newspapers and magazines; 6, revocation of special criminal courts; 7, orders to stop spy activities. A series of measures, indicating that the Li Tsung-jen want to change the image of the Nanjing government. However, his efforts ended in failure, power still rests in the hands of Chiang Kai-shek.
October 1, Li Tsung-jen keep listen to the radio next to the founding ceremony of the new regime. October 14, the Guangzhou People's Liberation Army occupied by.
November 20, Li Tsung-jen of the plane to Hong Kong. December 5, he chartered to the United States. Li Tsung-jen's office is fostered by the U.S. government, so he convinced the U.S. government will be more assistance to his Communist rival. However, there is no wait for U.S. aid to curb inflation Kuomintang-controlled areas, the CCP million troops had swept south, leaving Li Tsung-jen surprised that Americans will change his attitude so quickly.
_Set_ foot on U.S. soil from the beginning, Li Tsung-jen not enjoyed a "head of state" treatment. Until March 2, 1950, President Truman _set_ up a meal at the White House luncheon in honor of Li Tsung-jen. This is very embarrassing for lunch, did not mention any real problem, because in the previous day, Chiang Kai-shek in Taipei self-declared "reinstatement."
Americans, "White Paper" written very clearly, and Li Tsung-jen as they do not like Chiang Kai-shek. But Americans need to Chiang Kai-shek. And Li Tsung-jen is "distressed Son of Heaven", a real loner, there is no value in use.
Dawn on June 25, the Korean War broke out. Taiwan became the "unsinkable aircraft carrier", Li Tsung-jen eager to start a steady stream of military aid destined for the East, fell into the hands of Chiang Kai-shek.
Li Tsung-jen, the only remaining capital, is his "president" of the title, his reputation, after all, the Republic of China "on behalf of the president." The title of the Americans have no use value, but it attracted a "third force" of attention. In 1953, Meng Gu Yu, Zhang Fakui and others in Japan called "third force" meeting, inviting Li Tsung-jen to go. Li Tsung-jen is very seductive, as clearance is cumbersome and did not take place. In the United States secretly supported the "third force" even started organizing in the Philippines prepared base. However, the group quickly fell apart.
To March 1954, Taiwan's "National Assembly" held the first session of the second meeting of the "natural" by the KMT president Chiang Kai-shek as the second "president", Li Tsung-jen's "acting president" career officially came to an end.
No job, no political activity, which is more of a relief in terms of Li Tsung-jen.
■ This article from the "see history" |
|
|