Events: Fang academic misconduct divided into three categories: data changed data made plagiarism
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Fang believes academic misconduct into three categories: fabricated data, falsification of data, plagiarism
Fraud, damage to the life science
Today we talk about academic corruption, in fact, the official version that does not exist, there are only acts of academic misconduct, and this behavior is the world's countries have, why we insist on academic fraud in China, academic misconduct called academic corruption? Because of academic fraud in China, has its own characteristics, I call it the "Chinese characteristics, academic corruption."
Most fraud is plagiarism
Occurred in other countries, academic corruption is a sneaky individual acts of individuals, once they are found, with particularly serious consequences. However, these academic fraud occurred in China, is often not an individual human behavior, and other areas Fubai also combined, and some even make the semi-public, even if some people it is exposed, and often nothing.
Such as academic fraud, the fraud some leadership, some collective fraud, organized the fraud, was exposed, not only do not deal with them, authorities have to cover them. Therefore, involving all levels of academic corruption, not just students, ordinary teacher's fraud, as well as fake brand-name university professor, academician of the fraud, all levels are. Academy of fraud alone, we will expose dozens, president of the fraud is uncovered dozens.
This involves a wide variety of fraud to the problem is that most of the paper copy, including the doctoral thesis plagiarism, and involves some of the false resume.
Three types of academic misconduct
In research, there are some mistakes is normal, for example, by the conditions, or restrictions on the level of technological development, leading to some errors, which is understandable. One is that if strict accordance with the experimental procedures, not the result of errors, but careless mistakes and other reasons, this is to criticize, but it does not belong to fraud.
We say that the intentional fraud, misconduct called on the international. Misconduct is generally divided into three categories, namely, data fabrication, falsification of data, plagiarism.
Fabricating data, tampering with the data what is the difference? Fabricated data in this experiment you never have been fabricated data. Tampering with the data is to do this experiment, but that data is not pretty, made some changes to make it meet the desired outcome. So on a very basic standard of academic criteria, is to faithfully record and save the original data.
Data processing to be released after the paper, there is a paper written part, this part of the problem is most likely to plagiarism and copying. Plagiarism is using someone else's ideas or statements, did not do proper instructions. Plagiarism divided into two categories, one copy someone else's point of view, one copy someone else's text. Copy someone else's text is very easy to identify, and copy someone else's point of view of some professionals to identify needs. But some people are very poor copy, copying the tail from the beginning, some text copied over intact, as long as you recognize Chinese characters, understand English, to make a comparison to know is copied.
Issues related to plagiarism There are several errors, one copy, some people say a few words does not matter; also said that plagiarism is copying someone else's data, not copy someone else's statement plagiarism; Some people say that I am as long as state source can be directly copied.
The fact is, with the previous results, direct excerpt from someone else's paper a few words, even in the back indicate the source, can be considered copying. In this case, rewrite to do right, to repeat in their own language, do not directly copy someone else's words.
If you want to copy other people, use quotation marks to indicate direct reference.
To become the mainstream of scientific rationality
Q: If you are affected by the kind of positive impact of counterfeiting?
Fang: The reason there are a character, I was a little idealistic, love science, does not allow others to tarnish science, especially academic fraud is not tolerated. Within the scientific community of fraud, damage to the life sciences.
On the other hand we have China to become a modern state, science and rationality must become the mainstream of society. Fraud hinder scientific development, but also hindered the development of our Chinese community. So, I tried my power to promote China's scientific development.
Q: Do you fake a go?
Fang: I did not fake the way, is not my purpose, fake is the way, my main writing science articles. Tube this big deal 10 years ago, if I quit, many people will be disappointed, so I have been down the tubes, but more effort is placed on aspects of science.
I know to do is offend people's things, even offend the very large interest groups. Some people call me every day, and even _set_ up a website to attack me, I am used to it, not matter how you call, just shows I hit him was the crucial point.
There is retaliation for me, I want to take some preventive measures can not end the life to lose, but not necessary so do not do things the.
GM risk is exaggerated
Q: Fang Hello, I am a graduate student thing, I would like to ask you about the GM issue. We all know that countries which have ratified the GM stuff is sold, you eat these for us the potential risks of GM foods What do you think?
Fang: GM risk is exaggerated, is now listed on genetically modified foods, are after the most rigorous assessment that the security was listed, if you suspect that the assessment results, in fact, we suspect that the assessment of the entire food system.
Asked me to eat not eat genetically modified? Of course I eat, I often eat in the U.S. genetically modified corn. United States in 1996 alone, and 80% of all genetically modified corn, soybeans are genetically modified, do some corn syrup, unknowingly you eat a lot. My understanding is that genetically modified food pesticide residues will be relatively small, more secure. So I did not eat do not eat, but I eat a lot. (Editor: Tang Yue) |
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