事件: 無條件投降 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
| 事件經過:
無條件投降指戰敗國嚮戰勝國不附帶保留條件的投降。也是第二次世界大戰的結束方式。它意味着戰勝國主要受輿論與文明的約束，戰敗國則受到嚴格的法律限製，即一切都應遵從戰勝國的指示和命令。無條件投降的主要特徵：
一是不談判，戰勝國衹嚮戰敗國傳達單邊的迫降要求和投降的具體事宜，如時間、地點等。
二是不承認，戰勝國不承認戰敗國原政府、原政治團體、原領導人有任何政治權力。從戰敗國投降簽字到與戰勝國建立正常關係之前，戰敗國政府的職能由戰勝國駐軍首腦機構行使。
例：日本無條件投降中國
日本投降書譯文：
我們謹奉日皇、日本政府與其帝國大本營的命令，並代表日皇，日本政府與其帝國大本營，接受美中英三國政府元首七月二十六日在波茨坦宣佈的，及以後由蘇聯附署的公告各條款。以下稱四大強國為同盟國。
我們茲宣佈日本帝國大本營及在日本控製下駐紮各地的日本武裝部隊，嚮同盟國無條件投降。
我們茲命令駐紮各地的一切日本武裝部隊及日本人民，即刻停止戰事，保存一切艦艇、飛機、資源、軍事及非軍事的財産，免受損失，並服從同盟國最高統帥，或在他指導下日本政府各機關所要求的一切需要。
我們茲命令日本帝國大本營即刻下令日本的一切武裝部隊及不論駐在何地的日本控製下的武裝部隊的指揮官，他們自己及他們所率的武裝部隊，無條件投降。
我們茲命令一切民政的、軍事的與海軍的官員，服從與實行盟國最高統帥認為實踐這一投降所適當的一切宣言、命令與指令，以及盟國最高統帥及在他授權下所頒布的一切宣言、命令與指令，並訓令上述一切官員留在他們現有職位，除非由盟國最高統帥或在他授權下特別解除職務者外，繼續執行非戰鬥的職責。
我們茲擔承日皇、日本政府及其繼承者忠實實行波茨坦公告的各項條文，並頒布盟國最高統帥所需要的任何命令及采取盟國最高統帥所需要的任何行動，或者實行盟國代表為實行波茨坦公告的任何其他指令。
我們茲命令日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營，即刻解放在日本控製下的一切盟國軍事俘虜與被拘禁的公民，並給予他們保衛、照料，維持並供給運抵指定地點的運輸工具。
日皇與日本政府統治國傢的權力，將服從盟國最高統帥，盟國最高統帥將采取他們認為實行這些投降條款所需要的一切步驟。
INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
We, acting by command of and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the heads of the Governments of the United States, China and Great Britain on 26 July 1945, at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers.
We hereby proclaim the unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under the Japanese control wherever situated.
We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilities forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which may be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction.
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control.
We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, orders and directives deemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and to continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority.
We hereby undertake for the Emperor, the Japanese Government and their successors to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever orders and take whatever action may be required by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by any other designated representative of the Allied Powers for the purpose of giving effect to that Declaration.
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed.
The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender.
Signed at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0904 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER , 1945.
MAMORU SHIGEMITSU
By Command and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government.
YOSHIJIRO UMEZU
By Command and in behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters.
Accepted at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0908 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER , 1945, for the United States, Republic of China, United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and in the interests of the other United Nations at war with Japan.
DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
C.W. NIMITZ
United States Representative
HSU YUNG-CH'ANG
Republic of China Representative
BRUCE FRASER
United Kingdom Representative
KUZMA DEREVYANKO
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Representative
THOMAS BLAMEY
Commonwealth of Australia Representative
L. MOORE COSGRAVE
Dominion of Canada Representative
JACQUES LE CLERC
Provisional Government of the French Republic Representative
C.E.L. HELFRICH
Kingdom of the Netherlands Representative
LEONARD M. ISITT
Dominion of New Zealand Representative
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