拼音：shuǐguǒ
英文：fruit
釋義：水果是指多汁且有甜味的植物果實，不但含有豐富的營養且能夠幫助消化。
水果是對部分可以食用的植物果實和種子的統稱。
漿果:多心皮，外果皮是一層薄表皮，而果肉柔軟多汁且內無核。
如：番茄、蓮霧、芭蕉、茄苳、楊桃、木瓜等。
柑果:多心皮，果壁富含油胞，果實裏面瓢辮含豐富汁液。
如： 柑橘類果實，沙糖桔、柚子、葡萄柚、檸檬、橘子、金桔等。
“水果”就是指“可食用的多汁液的植物果實”這類現象。“可食用”、“多汁液”、“植物的果實”三個屬性是歸屬到“水果”這個概念稱謂的集合下不可或缺的要件。
水果一般具有以下四個特點：
1.富含汁液；
2.含較多的可溶性糖分，很多還含有揮發性芳香物質；
3.通常生食；
4.可以獨立於三餐食用。
對上述特點符合得越好，越給人以“水果”的感覺。例如香蕉雖然汁液不多，但其果肉富含可溶性糖分和以乙酸異戊酯（俗名香蕉水）為主的揮發性芳香物質，通常生食，可以獨立於三餐食用，所以香蕉是水果。又如番茄雖然富含汁液，而且含有可溶性糖分，但在傳統上不常生食，也不常獨立於三餐食用，因此有人認為它不是水果；但番茄的小果型品種櫻桃番茄專供生食，常獨立於三餐食用，因此櫻桃番茄普遍被看成是水果。
對健康有好處的水果
1.降血壓的水果：山楂、西瓜、梨、菠蘿.
2.在各種維生素中，葉酸與DNA的生成有關，懷孕初期，葉酸對細胞繁殖與修復很重要，它幫助胚胎神經係統的良好發育，預防孕婦貧血。
含有葉酸的水果：蘋果、香蕉、芒果、木瓜、獼猴桃。
3.減緩衰老在常見的水果中，獼猴桃被認為是最接近完善的水果，它含有在豐富的維生素C、A、E，葉酸和微量元素鉀、鎂及食物纖維等營養成分，而熱量卻很低。這都使獼猴桃能為工作奏快、精神緊張的現代都市人註入生命的活力。另外，獼猴桃中所含的氨基酸，能幫助人體製造激素，減緩衰老。
因為獼猴桃性寒，所以懷孕的媽媽最好少吃。
4.減肥瘦身 有些水果中含有豐富的食物纖維，纖維是不能為小腸所消化的碳水化合物，在結腸內，纖維可提供給腸腔營養物質，這有助於促進身體的新陳代謝以及幫助抑製食欲。
減肥的水果：蘋果、西柚、火竜果。
5.保養皮膚人體的面部天天暴露在外，受空氣中有害物質的損傷和紫外綫的照射，以至毛細血管收縮，皮脂腺分泌減少，皮膚變得乾燥、脫水。水果中含豐富的抗氧化物質維生素E和微量元素，可以滋養皮膚，其美容效果可不是一般的化妝品可比的。而且如果你吸煙或發胖，那也暗示你體內脂肪組織缺乏這些重要成分。
保養皮膚的水果：香蕉、芒果、哈密瓜、草莓、橙子、蘋果。
6.明目 人的眼底分佈着許多毛細血管，維生素C的作用就是在於它可以使眼底供血得到保證。
保護眼睛的水果：獼猴桃、檸檬.
7.癌癥的天敵 平時飲食中多攝入水果，可降低患乳腺癌，前列腺癌和肺癌的幾率。這是因為水果中含有人體所必需的微量元素。
抗癌的水果：獼猴桃、葡萄、橙子、蘋果.
8.降低膽固醇的水果：蘋果、西柚、山楂.
這些水果的不同作用是有科學結論的.
Vc含量高的水果
獼猴桃、鮮棗、草莓、枇杷、橙、橘、柿子等含有豐富的維生素C。以100剋水果的維生素C的含量來計算，獼猴桃含420毫剋，鮮棗含380毫剋，草莓含80毫剋，橙含49毫剋，枇杷含36毫剋，橘、柿子各含30毫剋。香蕉，桃子各含10毫剋，葡萄、無花果、蘋果各自衹有5毫剋，梨僅含4毫剋。
據測定，成人一天需要60毫剋維生素C，假如要從維生素C含量很少的水果中攝取，則無花果需要 25個，梨需要14個，葡萄需要1.5公斤左右。因此，衹吃一兩個維生素C含量少的水果，實際上並沒有什麽幫助。可是，如果是含維生素C較高的獼猴桃、柑橘或柿子，一天一兩個就夠了。如果是鮮棗或草莓，衹要五六粒，即可攝取到一天所需的維生素C。所以，要想補充足夠的維生素C，吃水果時應有所選擇。
另外，還有一些因素影響着水果中維生素C的含量。比如，一些水果為了預防蟲害及日曬，在生長過程中常用紙袋包裹起來，結果造成維生素C含量減少；夏季水果豐收，儲藏於冷庫，鼕天出售時，水果的維生素C含量也會減少；現代家庭一般都有冰箱，許多人喜歡買大量水果放入。但水果存放的時間越長，維生素C損失就越多。
水果亦暗藏殺機
有人錯誤的認為：水果營養成分高，多吃對人有好處。其實不然。比如，蘋果含有糖分和鉀????，吃多了對心髒不利，冠心病、心肌梗塞、腎炎、糖尿病患者不宜多吃；柑橘性涼，腸胃不適，腎肺功能虛寒的老人不能多吃；梨子含糖較多，糖尿病人吃多了會引起血糖升高；柿子含有單寧、柿膠酚，胃腸不好或便秘患者應少吃，否則容易形成柿石；菠蘿含有豐富的維生素A、B、C，以及檸檬酸、蛋白酶等，而且有消食止瀉、降壓利尿等功效。但是，有些特異體質的人吃了後會發生陣陣腹痛，甚至嘔吐等不適應癥，最好把削好的菠蘿放在????水中浸泡後再加熱吃。
水果為什麽可以解酒
飲酒過量常為醉酒，醉酒多有先兆，語言漸多，舌頭不靈，面頰發熱發麻，頭暈站立不穩……都是醉酒的先兆，這時需要解酒。不少人知道，吃一些帶酸味的水果或飲服1--2兩幹淨的食醋可以解酒。什麽道理呢？
這是因為，水果裏含有機酸，例如，蘋果裏含有蘋果酸，柑橘裏含有檸檬酸，葡萄裏含有酒石酸等，而酒裏的主要成分是乙醇，有機酸能與乙醇相互作用而形成酯類物質從而達到解酒的目的。
同樣道理，食醋也能解酒是因為食醋裏含有3--5%的乙酸，乙酸能跟乙醇發生酯化反應生成乙酸乙酯。儘管帶酸味的水果和食醋都能使過量乙醇的麻醉作用得以緩解，但由於上述酯化反應在體內進行時受到多種因素的幹擾，效果並不十分理想。因此，防醉酒的最佳方法是不貪杯。
水果不能代替蔬菜（優因培註）
2、3歲的孩子可能不喜歡吃蔬菜，因為其比較難咀嚼，味道也不太吸引孩子。於是，有些父母就用水果來代替蔬菜。水果與蔬菜的成分不同。新鮮水果中主要成分是維生素C、有機酸及無機????，還有少量的糖，而新鮮蔬菜中含有的維生素C、礦物質及纖維素比水果多。纖維素可以促使腸蠕動，防止便秘。有些蔬菜中含有一些植物化學物質，可以抗癌，防止血管硬化。因此，水果與蔬菜提供的營養素並不相同，不能互相替代。
飯後不宜吃水果
現在大多數人都習慣飯後可以吃些水果，其實這個方法是錯誤的，飯後立即食用水果不僅對腸胃無益而且有害，因為剛吃完飯，腸道和胃裏的飯都沒有消化，立即食用水果會造成腸道阻塞對胃造成傷害，長期這樣習慣下去造成胃脹肚子突出，對健康造成一定傷害。改掉不良生活習慣會使身體更健康
竜眼
俗稱“桂圓”，是我國南亞熱帶名貴特産，歷史上南方“桂圓”北“人參”之稱。竜眼果實富含營養，自古受人們喜愛，更視為珍貴補品，其滋補功能顯而易見。
明李時珍曾有“資益以竜眼為良”的評價。據分析，果肉含全糖12.38--22.55%，還原糖3.85--10.16%，全酸0.096--0.109%，維生素C 43.12--163.7毫剋/100剋果肉，VK196.5毫剋/100剋果肉。竜眼除鮮食外，還可加工製幹、製罐、煎膏等。竜眼有壯陽益氣、補益心脾、養血安神、潤膚美容等多種功效，可治療貧血、心悸、失眠、健忘、神經衰弱及病後、産後身體虛弱等癥。現代醫學實踐證明，它還有美容、延年益壽之功效。
竜眼對生産環境比較挑剔，世界上能種植竜眼的地方有限，一般在亞熱帶、偏溫和氣候無嚴重霜凍地區為合適。
因此，竜眼歷來被人們稱為嶺南佳果，因其既可鮮吃又可作藥用，在市場上供不應求。
柑桔
是世界上最重要的商品水果，是我國亞熱帶地區栽培面積最廣的果樹，也是廣西最重要的果樹。它包括的種類很多，廣西主要栽培的有甜橙、寬皮柑桔、柚、金桔、檸檬等，而每一種類又有許多優良品種。
古籍《禹貢》記載 4000 年前的夏朝，我國的廣西、江蘇、江西、湖南、湖北等地生産的柑桔，已列為貢稅之物。到了秦漢時代，柑橘生産得到進一步發展。《史記?蘇奏傳》(西漢司馬遷著)記載：“齊必致魚????之海，楚必致桔柚之園”，說明楚地(湖北、湖南等地)的柑桔與齊地(山東等地(的魚????生産並重，《史記》中還提到：“蜀漢江陵千樹桔，……此其人皆與千戶侯等”。可見當時柑桔生産已有相當規模。
柑桔的果實汁多味美，風味可口，含有豐富的糖分、有機酸、礦物質、和維生素等成分，營養價值很高。柑桔還是醫藥、食品工業的重要原料。果肉除鮮食外，可加工成罐頭、果汁、果醬等；果皮可提取橙皮苷，提煉香精和果膠。
甘蔗
【學名】Saccharum officenarum L.
【別名】薯蔗，幹蔗，接腸草，糖蔗、甘枝等
【科屬】禾本科Gramineae，甘蔗屬Saccharum
【特徵與特性】甘蔗是一年生宿根熱帶和亞熱帶草本植物，屬C4作物。稈直立，粗壯多汁，表面常披白粉，葉為互生，邊緣具小銳齒，花穗為復總狀花序。甘蔗為喜溫、喜光作物，年積溫需5500～8500℃，無霜期330d以上，年均空氣濕度60%，年降水量要求800～1200mm，日照時數在1195小時以上。甘蔗對土壤的適應性比較廣泛，以粘壤土、壤土、砂壤土較好。土壤pH值在4.5～8.0, 甘蔗都能生長，但以土壤pH值6.5～7.5為適宜。
【分佈狀況】甘蔗原産於印度，現廣泛種植於熱帶及亞熱帶地區。甘蔗種植面積最大的國傢是巴西，其次是印度，中國位居第三，種植面積較大的國傢還有古巴、泰國、墨西哥、澳大利亞、美國等。中國蔗區主要分佈在廣東、臺灣、廣西、福建、四川、雲南、江西、貴州、湖南、浙江、湖北等省(自治區)。
【用途】製糖。還可製成蔗糖酯、果葡糖漿等。蔗渣、廢蜜和濾泥等可製成紙張、纖維板、碎粒板、糠醛、飼料、食用品培養基、酒精、幹冰、酵母、檸檬酸、賴氨酸、冰醋酸、味精、甘油、水泥、肥料等。蔗梢、蔗葉、蔗渣糠、廢糖蜜或酒精廢液作牛、羊等可作反芻動物的飼料；把糖蜜、濾泥摻到𠔌物類飼料中可製成顆粒飼料；糖廠排出的廢渣、廢液又可作甘蔗的肥料。
甘蔗是我國製糖的主要原料。在世界食糖總産量中，蔗糖約占65％，我國則占80％以上。糖是人類必需的食用品之一，也是糖果、飲料等食品工業的重要原料。同時，甘蔗還是輕工、化工和能源的重要原料。因而，發展甘蔗生産，對提高人民的生活、促進農業和相關産業的發展，乃至對整個國民經濟的發展都具有重要的地位和作用。
甘蔗的起源、分佈和生産概況
1.甘蔗的起源
甘蔗的起源有三說，一是起源於印度，二是起源於南太平洋新幾內亞，三是起源於中國。中國是世界上古老的植蔗國之一。甘蔗栽培具有悠久的歷史，早在公元前四世紀，我國就有種植甘蔗的歷史記載，至唐朝大歷年間已有製冰糖的記載。近年來，許多研究表明，甘蔗有幾個起源中心，而中國則是其中之一。
2.甘蔗的分佈
目前，甘蔗的分佈主要在北緯33°至南緯30°之間，其中以南北緯25°之間，面積比較集中。如以溫度綫為世界蔗區的分佈是年平均氣溫17～18℃的等溫綫以上。甘蔗的垂直分佈在赤道附近可達1500米。在我國雲南的滇西南蔗區，海拔已達1500 米～1600米。我國地處北半球，甘蔗分佈南從海南島，北至北緯33°的陝西漢中地區，地跨緯度15°；東至臺灣東部，西直到西藏東南部的雅魯藏布江，跨越經度達30°，其分佈範圍廣，為其它國傢所少見。我國的主産蔗區，主要分佈在北緯24°以南的熱帶、亞熱帶地區，包括廣東、臺灣、廣西、福建、四川、雲南、江西、貴州、湖南、浙江、湖北等南方11個省、自治區。20世紀80年代中期以來，我國的蔗糖産區迅速嚮廣西、雲南等西部地區轉移，至1999年廣西、雲南兩省的蔗糖産量已占全國的70.6％(不包括臺灣省)。
3.我國甘蔗的生産概況
我國是世界主要産糖國之一。1998～1999年世界原糖總産是1.287億噸，其中我國食糖總産893.4萬噸，成為世界第三産糖大國。
近50年來，我國蔗糖業取得了很大的發展。甘蔗種植面積從1949年160萬畝發展到1998 年2000萬畝；甘蔗總産從1949年264.2萬噸發展到1998年的8343.8萬噸，至1998～1999年，全國蔗糖總産達到770.1萬噸，占全國食糖總量的86.2％。
甘蔗育種的歷史與現狀
1887年Soltwedel在爪哇，J.B.Harrison和J.R.Bovell在巴巴多斯看到甘蔗産生種子可以萌芽成幼苗，這一發現揭開了甘蔗有性雜交育種史的序幕。此後，各産蔗國傢無不以有性雜交育種為改良甘蔗品種的主要方法，尤其以種間雜交更為重要，創造出許多優良品種，為世界甘蔗育種事業奠定了基礎。爪哇以熱帶種與割手密雜交，通過3次高貴化育成一係列大莖、高糖、高産、抗病的優良品種，其中以POJ2878最為著名，稱為世界第一號蔗王。印度以熱帶種、割手密和印度種3個種雜交，育成Co213、Co281等優良品種。美國夏威夷以熱帶種、割手密、印度種、大莖野生種和中國種5個種雜交，育成H32-8560、H49-5等良種。世界各國都不惜巨資從事甘蔗雜交和新品種選育，並選育出一批産量高、品質優、抗性強的甘蔗新品種，促進了各國蔗糖業的發展。
自1953年在海南建立雜交育種場以來，我國大陸各地甘蔗科學研究單位相繼開展了甘蔗新品種的選育和研究，迄今已育成100多個甘蔗品種供生産使用，推動了我國蔗糖事業的發展。如廣東的粵糖57-423、86-368，廣西的桂糖11號、桂15，福建的閩糖70-611，雲南的71-388、89-151等。1998～1999年全國面積最大的五個品種為：桂糖11、新臺糖10號、選三、粵糖 63-237、新臺糖16，分別占全國總面積21.04％、9.27％、8.72％、6.77％和6.53％。
甘蔗育種需要有性雜交，而繁殖則是無性繁殖。品種內的每株甘蔗都是相同的基因型，除非偶然發生突變，否則非常一致。目前，世界各國育成的品種大多是3～5個甘蔗原種的雜交後代，繼而進行品種間雜交和回交育成，基本上是同質遺傳型組成品種的再組合，故導致甘蔗品種近親繁殖，遺傳基礎狹窄，血緣相近，致使近30年來甘蔗育種在産量、糖分和抗性等方面一直難有較大突破。因此，世界甘蔗育種界十分註重甘蔗種質資源的搜集、研究和利用，以期擴大血緣，豐富遺傳基礎，創造有突破性的親本材料和優良品種。甘蔗，謹記要分清蔗有兩種。皮色深紫近黑的甘蔗，俗稱黑皮蔗，性質較溫和滋補，喉痛熱盛者不宜。皮色青的青皮蔗，俗稱竹蔗，則味甘而性涼，有清熱之效，能解肺熱和腸胃熱肺熱咳嗽，痰多且痰色黃稠濃濁的人士，大可用竹蔗汁配梨子汁，增強潤燥清肺熱的功效。竹蔗加生蓮藕榨汁也有同效。至於肺熱咳，咳至吐血之人，飲用後可得以舒緩。此外，據說此方對於泌尿係統受感染，俗稱(赤尿)也有療效。
蔗汁本身帶涼，體質虛寒人士不宜多飲，若寒咳(痰白而稀)者誤飲，病情有可能實時加重。相傳將蔗蒸熟後纔榨汁可免此弊端，但確實功效如何，仍有待驗證。倒是竹蔗配白茅根、紅蘿蔔煮水確有清熱的功效，小朋友多眼屎兼脾氣暴躁時最適宜。若再加荸薺(馬蹄)，可於小兒出水痘或麻疹時，當水常飲，清熱解毒，既可幫助病毒透發，亦可加快痊愈。作為食糖的主要來源，甘蔗營養價值之豐富，實在毋須置疑。若嫌蔗汁單調，可用蔗汁煮飯，能夠和胃寬中，令你胃口大開。
【藥材名】甘蔗
【英文名】Sugarcane
【拉丁名】Saccharum sinensis Roxb.
【名稱考證】薯蔗,幹蔗,接腸草,竿蔗,糖梗
【科目來源】禾本科植物
【藥用部位】甘蔗的莖稈。本植物的莖皮(甘蔗皮)、莖節間生長的嫩芽(蔗雞)亦供藥用。
【性味歸經】甘，寒，無毒。①《別錄》：“甘，平，無毒。”②《日華子本草》：“冷。”③《滇南本草圖說》：“氣味甘，性微寒，無毒。”④《綱目》：“甘澀，平，無毒。”
入肺、脾、胃經。①《本草經疏》：“入手、足太陰，足陽明經。”②《本草新編》：“入脾、肺、大小腸。”③《本草再新》：“入肝、脾二經。”
【功效分類】補虛藥,補陰藥
【功效主治】清熱，生津，下氣，潤燥。治熱病津傷，心煩口渴，反胃嘔吐，肺燥咳嗽，大便燥結。並解酒毒。
【用法用量】內服：甘蔗汁，2～4兩。外用：搗敷。
【用藥忌宜】脾胃虛寒者慎服。①《本草經疏》：“胃寒嘔吐，中滿滑泄者忌之。”②《本草匯言》：“多食久食，善發濕火，為痰、脹、嘔、嗽之疾。”
【用藥配伍】蔗漿煎煉：與魚筍之類同食，皆不益人《本草綱目》。配萊菔：清熱解酒。配生薑：溫中降逆。配粟米：補脾潤肺。
蘋果
“一天一個蘋果”是人們熟知的健康口號。的確，蘋果含有豐富的糖類、有機酸、纖維素、維生素、礦物質、多酚及黃酮類營養物質，被科學家稱為“全方位的健康水果”。那麽，到底是哪些保健作用讓它贏得了這樣的美名呢？
降低血脂：日本果樹研究所的人體試驗表明，每天吃兩個蘋果，3周後受試者血液中的甘油三酯水平降低了21%，而甘油三酯水平高正是血管硬化的罪魁禍首。蘋果的果膠進入人體後，能與膽汁酸結合，像海綿一樣吸收多餘的膽固醇和甘油三酯，然後排出體外。同時，蘋果分解的乙酸有利於這兩種物質的分解代謝。另外，蘋果中的維生素、果糖、鎂等也能降低它們的含量。
降血壓：過量的鈉是引起高血壓和中風的一個重要因素。蘋果含有充足的鉀，可與體內過剩的鈉結合併排出體外，從而降低血壓。同時，鉀離子能有效保護血管，並降低高血壓、中風的發生率。英國著名藥理學家蘇珊·奧爾裏奇博士發現，蘋果中所含的多酚及黃酮類物質能有效預防心腦血管疾病。
預防癌癥：日本弘前大學的研究證實，蘋果中的多酚能夠抑製癌細胞的增殖。而芬蘭的一項研究更令人振奮：蘋果中含有的黃酮類物質是一種高效抗氧化劑，它不但是最好的血管清理劑，而且是癌癥的剋星。假如人們多吃蘋果，患肺癌的幾率能減少46%，得其他癌癥的幾率也能減少20%。法國國傢健康醫學研究所的最新研究還告訴我們，蘋果中的原花青素能預防結腸癌。
抗氧化作用：美國康奈爾大學的研究小組把老鼠的腦細胞浸到含有櫟精和維生素C的液體中，發現腦細胞的抗氧化能力明顯增強。同其他蔬菜水果相比，蘋果裏含有的櫟精是最好的，而紅蘋果又比黃蘋果和緑蘋果好。所以，對於老年癡呆癥和帕金森綜合癥患者來說，蘋果是最好的食品。
強化骨骼：蘋果中含有能增強骨質的礦物元素硼與錳。美國的一項研究發現，硼可以大幅度增加血液中雌激素和其他化合物的濃度，這些物質能夠有效預防鈣質流失。醫學專傢認為，停經婦女如果每天能夠攝取3剋硼，那麽她們的鈣質流失率就可以減少46%，絶經期婦女多吃蘋果，有利於鈣的吸收和利用，防治骨質疏鬆。
維持酸鹼平衡：70%的疾病發生在酸性體質的人身上，而蘋果是鹼性食品，吃蘋果可以迅速中和體內過多的酸性物質（包括運動産生的酸及魚、肉、蛋等酸性食物在體內産生的酸性代謝産物），增強體力和抗病能力。
“一日一蘋果，醫生遠離我。”在衆多水果之中，蘋果可說是最普遍又最平和的一種，但它的營養價值卻不容小覷。中醫相信它可生津潤肺，健脾開胃。營養學上的分析，指出蘋果含有最多果糖，並含有多種有機酸、果膠及微量元素。
蘋果果膠屬於可溶性纖維，不但能促進膽固醇代謝，有效降低膽固醇水平，更可促進脂肪排出體外。法國人做過一項實驗，讓一組身體健康的中年男女每日進食兩、三個蘋果，一個月後，量度他們體內膽固醇水平，發現80%的人血中低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL 又叫壞膽固醇)都降低了；同時，高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL即好膽固醇)卻有所增加。蘋果對於心血管的幫助可見一斑。
蘋果所含的微量元素鉀能擴張血管，有利高血壓患者，而鋅亦是人體所必需，缺乏時會引緻血糖代謝紊亂與性功能下降。
生吃蘋果，除了能獲得以上效益，還能調理腸胃，因為它的纖維質豐富，有助排泄。另一方面，泄瀉的人吃它也有好處，因為蘋果酸具收斂作用，但須註意，如屬脾胃虛寒型的慢性泄瀉，則須將蘋果用錫紙包裹，先焗熟或煨熟纔吃。
蘋果營養豐富，熱量不高，甚受減肥者歡迎。食療方面，用蘋果皮加薑數片煮水喝，可止嘔吐。用蘋果配梨子可減梨子之寒，更有強化和潤肺潤胃之效。秋季糖水，用蘋果、梨子數個，加百合1兩(30)，石斛5錢(15)，南北杏3錢(9)，可潤肺止咳。
減肥：蘋果會增加飽腹感，飯前吃能減少進食量，達到減肥的目的。
桃
桃的益處衆人皆知：桃具有補中益氣、養陰生津、潤腸通便的功效，尤其適用於氣血兩虧、面黃肌瘦、心悸氣短、便秘、閉經、淤血腫痛等癥狀的人多食
“桃子營養豐富，富含膠質物，這類物質到大腸中能吸收大量的水分，能達到預防便秘的效果。”但是，主任醫師肖定遠提醒，“但因上火而便秘者，大量食用桃子後不但不會緩解，反而會"火上澆油"”。
因此，拿桃子當飯吃很容易上火，受口幹、口渴、咽喉疼痛等上火癥狀睏擾的市民，最好少吃或不吃桃子，易生瘡癤的人多吃了嚴重的還會身上起瘡。
肖主任告訴記者：“吃桃子會過敏，一方面是因為桃子上有一層茸毛，光用水清洗桃子往往不能把桃子的毛全部洗掉，而體內本身又對這種桃毛過敏；另一方面，跟人的體質有關；桃子從樹上摘下來，本身就有暑氣，跟身體裏的濕熱衝撞在一起有可能引起過敏。”
還有很多人一吃桃就鬧肚子，這是因為桃子中含有大量的大分子物質，而這些人胃腸功能太弱。
桃的資料圖片展示
以下四類人最好少吃或不吃桃子
1.平時內熱偏盛、易生瘡癤的人，不宜多吃。
2.最好不要給嬰幼兒喂食桃子，因為桃子中含有大量的大分子物質，嬰幼兒腸胃透析能力差，無法消化這些物質，很容易造成過敏反應。
3.多病體虛的病人以及胃腸功能太弱的病人不宜食用，因為它會增加腸胃的負擔。
4.吃桃會引發過敏的人群，當然也要忍住誘惑啦。
值得註意的是，沒有完全成熟的桃子最好不要吃，吃了會引起腹脹或腹瀉。
如何健康的吃桃子呢？
肖大夫建議，吃前可以用????直接搓桃子的表皮，然後再用水衝洗，能較幹淨地去除桃毛。另外如果桃子是從樹上剛摘下來的，最好要放半天再吃，等它暑氣散去再吃比較好。沒有完全成熟的桃子最好不要吃，吃了會引起腹脹或腹瀉。
“吃桃一旦出現過敏，剛開始癥狀較輕時，比如嘴角發紅、脫皮、瘙癢，這個時候傢長應讓孩子停止食用，將其臉、手洗淨。如果孩子的癥狀比較嚴重，比如嘴唇、口周、耳朵、頸部出現大片紅斑，甚至有輕微水腫，就應該重視了，嚴重的話甚至會引起腹瀉。”肖大夫建議。
肖大夫還給大傢一個方子：泡一些緑茶，在裏面放點????，用熱茶水清洗過敏部位。之後用幹毛巾擦幹，再塗上六一散。若癥狀比較重，可以把六一散換成無極膏。如果表面出現水腫，可以塗上些冰黃膚樂軟膏。
癥狀較輕，一天塗兩次，癥狀重，可以塗三次。還可配合吃些清熱解毒的藥，如金銀花、撲爾敏等。如果皮膚出現水腫，平時還可以多吃些蘿蔔，多喝水。
椰子
名 字：
拉丁語學名： Cocos nucifera L.
英語名字： Coconut
別名： 胥餘、越王頭、椰瓢等
科 屬：
域： 真核生物域 Eukarya
界： 植物界 Viridiplantae
門： 被子植物門 Magnoliophyta
綱： 單子葉植物綱 Liliopsida
目： 棕櫚目 Arecales
科： 棕櫚科 Arecaceae/Palmaceae
屬： 椰子屬 Cocos
種： 椰子 C. nucifera
形態特徵：
常緑喬木。樹幹挺直，高15-30m，單項樹冠，整齊。葉羽狀全裂，長4—6m，裂片多數，革質，綫狀披針形，長65—100cm, 寬3-4cm先端漸尖；葉柄粗壯，長超過1m。佛焰花序腋生，長1．5-2m，多分枝，雄花聚生於分枝上部，雌花散生於下部；雄花具萼片3，鱗片狀，長 3-4mm，花瓣3，革質，卵狀長圓形，長1 -1．5cm；雄蕊6；雌花基部有小苞片數枚，萼片革質，圓形，寬約2．5cm，花瓣與萼片相似，但較小。堅果倒卵形或近球形，頂端微具三棱，長 15-25cm，內果皮骨質，近基部有3個萌發孔，種子1粒；胚乳內有1富含液汁的空腔。
生態特徵：
椰子為熱帶喜光作物，在高溫、多雨、陽光充足和海風吹拂的條件下生長發育良好。要求年平均溫度在24一25℃以上，溫差小，全年無霜，椰子才能正常開花結果，最適生長溫度為26-27℃。一年中若有一個月的平均溫度為18℃，其産量則明顯下降，若平均溫度低於15℃，就會引起落花、落果和葉片變黃。水分條件應為年降雨量1500-2000mm以上，而且分佈均勻，但在地下水源較豐富或能進行灌溉的地區，年降雨量為600-800mm也能良好生長；幹旱對椰子産量的影響長達2-3年，長期積水也會影響椰於的長勢和産量。椰子適宜在低海拔地區生長，我國海南島在海拔150-200m以下的地方纔能生長發育良好。適宜的土壤是海澱衝積上和河岸衝積土，其次是砂壤土，再次是礫土，粘土最差。地下水位要求 1．0—2.5m，排水不良的粘土和沼澤土不適宜種植。就土壤肥力來說，要求富含鉀肥。土壤PH值可為5．2-8．3，但以7．0最為適宜。椰子具有較強的抗風能力，6-7級強風僅對其生長和産量有輕微的影響。8-9級臺風能吹斷少數葉片，並撕破小葉。10-12級以上強臺風對椰子有嚴重的危害。條件適宜，椰子植後了年開始給實，15-18年為盛産期，單株結果40-80個，多者超過100個，經濟壽命超過80年。椰樹每年産生的葉片數，隨樹齡不同而異，盛産期前，有隨樹齡增加而增加的趨勢，盛産期後略有降低，但仍可保持恆定。大致幼苗期年抽葉約了片，未結果幼樹10-13片，幼齡結果樹14-15 片，成齡樹12-13片。隨着植株衰老，年産生葉片數相應減少。一年內，由於季節的變化，每月的抽葉數也有一定的變化（150-1）。幼齡結果樹每年抽出的花苞數較成年樹少，前者平均為10.6個後者為12個。一年中，抽苞數以5-6月為最多，11-12月最少。花苞抽出後經3.5個月露出花序，稱為開花，開花最多的7-9月，並且所開放的花苞中雌蕊最多，11月至次年3月最少。椰子自受精至果實發育成熟需12個月時間。
營養價值：
椰汁及椰肉含水量蛋白質、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、脂肪、維生素B1、維生素E、維生素C、鉀、鈣、鎂等。椰肉色白如玉，芳香滑脆；椰汁清涼甘甜。椰肉、椰汁是老少皆宜的美味佳果。
飼用價值：
椰子作為飼料主要是椰肉榨油後剩下的椰子油餅。一般每個椰子能生産0．18 kg椰千，可榨油0．11kg，同時可以獲得0．055kg椰子油餅。利用椰子油餅飼喂傢畜，需逐漸添加於其日糧中，傢畜習慣後十分喜食。奶牛的飼用量為每天1．5-2．0kg，飼喂椰子油餅，可以提高奶牛的乳脂含量。在豬日糧中，以添加25％最好，此外，椰子樹葉和椰幹也為傢畜喜食，但一般不做飼料利用。新鮮椰子水可以作為傢畜人工授精稀釋精液的一種成分。
地理分佈：
椰子為古老的栽培作物，原産地說法不一，有說産在南美洲，有說在亞洲熱帶島嶼，但大多數認為起源於馬來群島。現廣泛分佈於亞洲、非洲、大洋洲及美洲的熱帶濱海及內陸地區。主要分佈在南北緯20° 之間，尤以赤道濱海地區分佈最多。其次在南北緯20°—23．5°範圍內也有大面積分佈。我國種植椰子已有2000多年的歷史。現主要集中分佈於海南各地，臺灣南部、廣東雷州半島，雲南西雙版納、德宏、保山、河口等地也有少量分佈。
栽培技術：
繁殖：采用種子繁殖。完全成熟的椰子，衹要有適當的溫、濕條件，兩個多月的時間就開始發芽。海南普遍采用預備苗圃催芽法。選擇半蔭蔽、通風、排水良好的環境，清除雜草樹根，耕深15—20釐米，開溝，寬度比果稍寬，將種果一個接一個的斜靠溝底 45°角，埋土至果實的二分之一至三分之二。當芽長10—15釐米時，移芽到有適度蔭蔽的苗圃中，註意澆水、排水、除草和施肥。一般一年左右，苗高約1米便可出圃定植。
管理：一般在小雨季或雨季開始定植，成活率高。應深種淺培土，以恰好蓋至種果頂部為宜。以後應註意除草、中耕、培土和施肥。
特色：椰子形似西瓜，外果皮較薄，呈暗褐緑色；中果皮為厚纖維層；內層果皮呈角質。果內有一大貯存椰漿的空腔，成熟時，其內貯有椰汁，清如水、甜如蜜，晶瑩透亮，是極好的清涼解渴之品。
藥用簡介
棕櫚科椰子屬植物椰子Cocos nucifera L.，以果肉汁和果殼入藥。果實成熟時採集，隨時取肉汁及果殼供用。
【性味與歸經】甘，溫。
【功能與主治】
果肉汁：補虛，生津，利尿，殺蟲。用於心髒病水腫，口幹煩渴，薑片蟲。
果殼：祛風，利濕，止癢。外用治體癬，腳癬。
【用法與用量】椰汁或椰肉適量；外用椰殼放爐上燒，用碗覆蓋收集其蒸氣，冷凝得餾油，加30％酒精混合後塗患處。
【備註】生長9個月的椰子，曾取汁試用於臨床，緊急時作為靜脈輸液的代用品。
【中藥化學成分】
椰子含油35%-45%。油中含遊離脂肪酸20%，羊油酸(caproic acid)2%，棕櫚酸(palmitic acid)，羊脂酸(caprylic acid)9%，羊蠟酸(capric acid)，油酸(oleic acid)2%，月桂酸(lauric acid)；還含豆甾三烯醇(stignastatrienol)，豆甾醇(stig-masterol)及岩藻甾醇(fucosterol)，α-菠菜甾醇(α-spinasterol)及甾醇(sterol)。碳水化合物約15%，主要有水蘇糖(stachyose)，蔗糖(sucrose)，葡萄糖(glucose)。蛋白質不到5%，其中包括清蛋白 (albumin)，球蛋白(globulin)，醇溶蛋白(proamine)等。含維生素(vitamin)B1 173μg%，B5 103μg%，B2微量、α-生育酚(α-toco-pherol)700μg%，γ-生育酚γ-tocopherol)250μg%。維生素C的含量以未成熟果中較高。 果核含甘露聚糖(mannan)。
椰子是熱帶地方之寶，脂肪和蛋白質含量特多。隨手摘來樹上熟的椰子，已能提供一餐好營養。香港人對椰子最大的誤會，莫過於以為它清潤。其實椰肉性溫，能補陽火，且能強身健體，最適合身體虛弱、四肢乏力、容易倦怠的人享用，尤其是椰子糯米燉雞，效力特佳，因為椰肉、糯米和雞肉皆滋補，以燉湯方式處理，補益功效更加顯著。
不過，依然是老話一句，體內熱盛的人不宜常吃椰子。如果你長期夜睡，愛吃香口煎炸食物，容易發脾氣、口幹舌燥的話，就要切記勿多吃椰子。另外，一嚮被譽為清熱清潤的海底椰，其實一樣性溫帶補。
要是你真愛椰香，可選清涼消暑的椰青水，或者弄椰子甜品時，加入其它配料來平衡，例如用沙參、百合、石斛，可清熱養陰；加鼕瓜子可瀉肺火；加性涼的雪耳或清補的黃耳又可中和椰子的溫燥。
前人相信椰子能驅蟲，特別是薑片蟲。不過，今時今日，這種天然殺蟲劑相信沒有多大市場，反而是患寒咳時，不妨吃些椰肉，能止咳化痰補火。如果你不曉得分辨何謂寒咳，忽略了本身體虛、喉癢、無痰等徵狀，碰巧又喝了白菜湯而寒上加寒、咳個不停的話，椰肉或椰子燉雞可以有效地舒緩這些癥狀。
價值 椰子的營養價值很高。我國的中醫認為，椰肉味甘，性平，具有補益脾胃、殺蟲消疳的功效；椰汁味甘，性溫，有生津、利水等功能。現代醫學研究表明，椰肉中含有蛋白質、碳水化合物；椰油中含有糖份、維生素 B1、維生素 B2、維生素 C等；椰汁含有的營養成分更多，如果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、蛋白質、脂肪、維生素 B、維生素 C以及鈣、磷、鐵等微量元素及礦物質。由此可以看出椰子是藥食兩用的佳品。當脾胃倦怠、食欲不振、四肢乏力、身體虛弱時，將椰肉切碎，並加入適量的雞肉和糯米，蒸熟後飲食，效力更佳，因為雞肉、糯米及椰肉三者皆滋補，用燉湯的方式處理，補益功效更加顯著；椰子中加入鼕瓜子可瀉肺火；加性涼的雪肉或清補的黃耳可中和椰子的溫燥；患寒咳時，也不妨吃些椰肉，能起到止咳、化痰的作用。體內熱盛的人不宜吃椰子；如果您長期夜睡，愛吃煎炸食物，容易發脾氣，口幹舌燥的話，也要切記請勿多吃椰子。
椰子除了其果實有很大的作用外，其它部分的功用也不小：椰殼可以燒製活性炭或加工椰雕、樂器；椰幹可加工成椰油；椰木質地堅硬，花紋美觀，可做傢具或建築材料。椰子綜合利用産品達360多種，在國外有“寶樹”、“生命木”之稱.
番石榴
【學名】Psidium guajava L.
【別名】芭樂 雞矢果 拔子 雞屎拔
【分佈狀況】番石榴是一種適應性很強的熱帶果樹。原産美洲熱帶，16～17世紀傳播至世界熱帶及亞熱帶地區，如北美洲、大洋洲、新西蘭、太平洋諸島、印度尼西亞、印度、馬來西亞、北非、越南等。約17世紀末傳入我國。現臺灣、廣東、廣西、福建、江西等省均有栽培，有的地方已逸為野生果樹。
【簡介】臺灣芭樂為桃金娘科番石榴屬果樹，肉質非常柔軟，肉汁豐富，味道甜美，幾乎無籽，風味接近於梨和臺灣大青棗之間。它的果實橢圓形，顔色乳青至乳白，極其漂亮，還是一等一的減肥水果。番石榴果形有球形、橢圓形、卵圓形及洋梨形，果皮普通為緑色、紅色、黃色，果肉有白色、紅色、黃色等。肉質細嫩、清脆香甜、爽口舒心、常吃不膩，是養顔美容的最佳水果。
【營養分析】
番石榴營養豐富，可增加食欲，促進兒童生長發育，含有大量的維生素C、鉀、鐵、鬍蘿蔔素等.含有蛋白質、脂肪、糖類、維生素A、B族維生素、維C，鈣、磷、鐵。番石榴營養價值高，以維生素C而言，比柑桔、香蕉、木瓜、番茄、西瓜、鳳梨都高，鐵、鈣、磷含量也豐富，種子中鐵的含量更勝於其它水果，所以最好能一起食下去。多吃可以預防老化，排除體內毒素的功效,還是一等一的減肥水果,果實具有治療糖尿病及降血糖的藥效，葉片也可治腹瀉。收斂止瀉，消炎止血。葉、果：急、慢性腸炎，痢疾，小兒消化不良；鮮葉：外用治跌打損傷，外傷出血，臁瘡久不愈。
【相關人群】
一般人群均可食用
特別適合生長發育期的兒童、對於高血壓、糖尿病、肥胖癥及腸胃不佳者，是為理想之食用水果。
兒童及有便秘習慣或有內熱的人不宜多吃。肝熱的人應慎防便秘，因為番石榴具有收斂止瀉作用。
【製作指導】
1. 方便生食，鮮果洗淨（免削皮）即可食用，有些人喜歡切塊置於碟上，加上少許酸梅粉或????巴，風味獨特。如使用家庭式果汁機，自製原汁、原味芭樂果汁，享受人生獨特口味。
【備註】
1. 臺灣芭樂最早的種下80天即可結果，最遲的種下10個月也能采收，而且一年四季均在生長結果，當年即可采果25公斤以上，是目前世界上最早産也是最豐産的果樹之一。臺灣芭樂幾乎沒有什麽病蟲害，衹要氣候條件適宜，隨種隨活，生長極快，一般人都能種植成功。果實無藥害、病害污染，因講究科學栽植，從小果開始就套裝薄膜袋，直到采果，與藥害蟲害隔絶，是標準的緑色食品。而且成熟的番石榴具有各種大、中、小美觀、精緻的包裝。便於貯藏和運輸，因季節不同，保鮮時間15～30天不等，又可加工製汁，是當前最暢銷的果汁飲料，也是現代人的最佳禮品。
反季水果少吃為妙
反季節水果原本是指在溫室裏利用高科技手段栽培出來的品種。反季節水果並不是靠使用激素纔生長，主要是通過大棚設施、提高室溫等手段改變生長環境，從而讓植物的成熟季節提前。
但是，為了便於水果的貯藏和運輸，果農把接近成熟的水果提前采摘下來，銷售前再用乙烯將它們催熟。
我們知道，水果在自然成熟的過程中，香蕉、柿子、蘋果、獼猴桃一類的呼吸躍變型水果本身就會釋放出少量的乙烯來使果實成熟，但如果是用人工催熟的方法，所使用的乙烯必須是微量的，如果使用大量的乙烯把未熟的青果催熟，食用後不但對人體沒有任何益處，反而會對人體産生有害影響。但是由於使用催熟劑的水果都可以提前上市賣個好價，所以導致市面上催熟的反季節水果在增多。
專傢提醒大傢，有些反季的水果少吃為妙。
1、葡萄：一些不法商販和果農使用催熟劑——乙烯利。使用者把乙烯利用水按比例稀釋後，將沒有成熟的青葡萄放入稀釋液中浸濕，過一兩天青葡萄就變成紫葡萄。
2、香蕉：為了讓香蕉表皮變得嫩黃好看，有的不法商販用二氧化硫來催熟，但果肉吃上去仍是硬硬的，一點也不甜。二氧化硫對人體是有害的。
3、西瓜：超標準地使用催熟劑、膨大劑及劇毒農藥，從而使西瓜帶毒。這種西瓜皮上的條紋不均勻，切開後瓜瓤特別鮮豔，可瓜子卻是白色的，吃完嘴裏有異味。
4、草莓：中間有空心、形狀不規則又碩大的草莓，一般是激素過量所致。草莓用了催熟劑或其他激素類藥後生長期變短，顔色也新鮮了，但果味卻變淡了。
水果對人的健康作用不可小視,如果我們有針對性的吃,效果會更好.我把我知道的哪些水果針對哪些方面都有哪些作用介紹給你.
中國保健專傢委員會副主任委員、北京大學中國醫藥經濟研究中心西木博士說，依賴水果減肥，節食減肥必敗無疑，之後必然反彈，因為它使身體代謝效率下降。減肥的關鍵不在於人為地直接控製熱量，實際上你也控製不了。減肥的關鍵是控製血糖，從而自動控製食欲、加速代謝和增加運動。
他的零饑餓減肥法提倡：大量喝水，最好是過濾後的生水，避免喝飲料，尤其是含糖飲料。大量吃緑葉蔬菜、盡量選擇低糖水果，最好生吃，有條件的選擇有機水果。具體可將水果分為三類：
紅燈食品：高糖水果及細糧。減肥期間，要嚴格避免香蕉、菠蘿、西瓜等水果。
黃燈食品：如桃、蘋果、橘子等，粗糧也要有所控製。
緑燈食品：如低糖的櫻桃、草莓、柚子等，可放心吃。
出現心慌、心悸、饑餓、軟弱、手足顫抖、皮膚蒼白、出汗等低血糖癥狀，有人認為應補充更多的糖、多吃含糖高的水果來緩解。其實不然，這時應食用低碳水化合物、高蛋白、高脂肪的食物，而不宜吃過多的水果。同時要限製食用精製糖、葡萄糖、砂糖、紅糖、飲料、果脯、罐頭、甜食等，因為這些食品對胰島素的分泌有一定的影響。
容易發生低血糖的患者，平時可食用含糖較低的水果，如梨、蘋果、桃子、杏、獼猴桃、西瓜、香瓜等，每日150~250剋，可相互搭配食用，每日可分3~4次食用。常食用這些水果不僅不會對胰島素的分泌産生劇烈影響，還是防止低血糖的有效措施。
廣東沙糖桔
沙糖桔，又名十月桔。原産廣寧、四會一帶，主産地有四會、廣寧、雲浮、清遠、德慶、南盛鎮、鬱南，是當地柑桔主栽品種之一。因其味甜如沙糖故名。沙糖桔尤以四會市黃田鎮出産的為正宗，唯其鮮美而極甜，無渣，口感細膩，實為極品！
沙糖桔是廣寧、四會傳統土特産，又是柑桔類的名優品種，並被《羊城晚報》譽稱“一枝獨秀”。沙糖桔果實扁圓形，頂部有瘤狀突起，蒂臍端凹陷，色澤橙黃，裹壁薄，易剝離。果形指數0.78,單果重62-86剋，可食率71%，可含溶性固形物11%，每100毫升含全糖10.55剋，果酸0.35剋。果肉爽脆、汁多、化渣、味清甜，吃後沁心潤喉，耐人尋味。該産品馳名中外，60-70年代，曾批量暢銷東南來和港澳地區。
沙糖桔樹冠中等，根係發達，圓頭型，枝細密、稍直産，發梢力強，葉片橢圓形，呈深緑色。 3月下旬開花，9月下旬始甜，10月下旬-11月上旬采收。在栽培技術上要求不嚴格，適應性廣，有一定的抗逆性，是穩産豐産的柑桔品種之一。一般種植3年可結果，5 年以後盛産期。單株産量有100—150斤，高産者達350-400斤，果實耐貯藏。
Pinyin: shuǐguǒ
English: fruit
Meaning: fruit is juicy and sweet fruits of plants, not only rich in nutrients and can help digestion.
Some fruit is edible fruits and seeds of plants collectively.
Berry: oversensitive skin, husk is a thin layer of skin, the pulp soft and juicy and in a nuclear-free.
Such as: tomato, wax apple, banana, eggplant javanica, carambola, papaya and so on.
Citrus fruit: oversensitive skin, rich in fruit oil cell wall, rich fruit juice inside scoop braid.
Such as: citrus fruits, citrus shatangju, grapefruit, grapefruit, lemon, orange, kumquat and so on.
"Fruit" means "juice of the plant more edible fruit" of such phenomena. "Edible", "more juice", "fruit of the plant," the three properties is attributable to the "fruit" concept under the title of a collection of essential elements.
Fruits generally have the following four characteristics:
1. Rich juice;
2. With more soluble sugar, and many also contain volatile aromatic substances;
3. Usually eaten raw;
4. Be independent of meals consumed.
The better the features found on the more people to the "fruit" feeling. For example, although the banana juice much, but the flesh is rich in soluble sugars and to iso-amyl acetate (banana generic water) mainly volatile aromatic substances, usually eaten raw, can be independent of meal consumption, banana is a fruit. Again though rich tomato juice, and contains soluble sugar, but traditionally do not often eaten raw, not always independent of meals consumed, some people feel that it is not the fruit; but small fruit tomato cherry tomato varieties exclusively for raw food, often independent of meals consumed, it was widely seen as cherry tomato fruit.
On the health benefits of fruit
1. Antihypertensive fruit: Hawthorn, watermelon, pear, pineapple.
2. In a variety of vitamins, folic acid and the formation of DNA related to early pregnancy, folic acid on cell growth and repair is important, it helps a good embryonic nervous system development, prevention of maternal anemia.
Containing folic acid fruit: apple, banana, mango, papaya, kiwi.
3. Slow down the aging in the common fruit, the kiwi was considered closest to the perfect fruit, it contains the rich in vitamin C, A, E, folic acid and trace elements potassium, magnesium and dietary fiber and other nutrients, and heat is very low. This is to enable kiwi to play fast for the work, mental stress of modern urban vitality to people. In addition, the amino acids contained in kiwifruit can help the body manufacture hormones, slow down aging.
Because kiwifruit is cold, so pregnant mother is the best eating.
4. Slimming some fruits are rich in dietary fiber, fiber is not digested by small intestinal carbohydrates, in the colon, fiber can provide nutrients to the intestine, which helps promote the body's metabolism and help suppress appetite.
Weight of fruit: apples, grapefruit, dragon fruit.
5. Maintenance of human facial skin exposed every day by harmful substances in the air and ultraviolet radiation damage, as well as capillary shrinkage, reduction of sebaceous glands, the skin becomes dry, dehydrated. Fruits rich in antioxidants vitamin E and trace elements to nourish the skin, the cosmetic result is not comparable to ordinary cosmetics. And if you smoke or fat, it also implies a lack of fatty tissue in your body, these important elements.
Maintenance of the skin of fruit: banana, mango, melon, strawberries, oranges, apples.
6. Eyesight of many people's eyes distribution of capillaries, the role of vitamin C is that it can make eyes the blood supply is guaranteed.
Protect the eyes of the fruit: kiwi, lemon.
7. Cancer of the natural enemies more than usual dietary intake of fruits, can reduce the risk of breast cancer, prostate cancer and risk of lung cancer. This is because the fruit contains essential trace element for human body.
Anti-cancer fruits: kiwi, grapes, oranges, apples.
8. To lower cholesterol, fruit: apple, grapefruit, hawthorn.
The different roles of these fruits is a scientific conclusion.
High content of fruit Vc
Kiwi fruit, jujube, strawberry, loquat, orange, orange, persimmon, etc. are rich in vitamin C. 100 grams of fruit vitamin C content calculated with 420 mg of kiwifruit, fresh dates contain 380 mg, 80 mg of strawberry, orange contains 49 mg, 36 mg containing loquat, orange, persimmon, each containing 30 mg. Bananas, peaches, each containing 10 mg, grapes, figs, apples only 5 milligrams each, pears contain only 4 mg.
It measured adults need 60 mg a day of vitamin C, vitamin C content, if very little from the intake of fruit, the fig need 25, need 14 pears, grapes need about 1.5 kg. Therefore, eat only one or two less vitamin C content of fruit, in fact, did not help. However, if a higher vitamin C kiwifruit, citrus or persimmon, a day or two is enough. If jujube or strawberries, as long as 56, the day can be required vitamin intake to C. So, to get enough vitamin C, eat the fruit should have a choice.
In addition, some factors affecting the vitamin C content of fruit. For example, some fruit to prevent pests and sun, during the growth process used paper bags to wrap up, resulting in vitamin C content decreased; summer fruit harvest, storage in the cold, the winter sale, fruit vitamin C content will be reduced; modern families generally have refrigerators, and many people like to buy a lot of fruit into. However, the longer fruit storage, the more vitamin C loss.
Fruit also bloodshed
Why can sober up fruit
Excessive drinking often drunk, drink more than a sign, language, better tongue not working, cheeks numb fever, dizziness, unstable ... ... is drunk standing precursor, requiring a hangover. Many people know, eat some fruit with a sour or Beverage Service 1 - 2 of 2 clean vinegar can be sobering. Rationale?
This is because the organic acids contained in fruits, such as apple contains malic acid, contains citric acid in citrus, grapes contain tartaric acid and so on, but the main components of wine ethanol, organic acids can interact with alcohol to form esters material so as to achieve the purpose of sobering.
Similarly, vinegar can also sobering because vinegar will contain 3 - 5% acetic acid, acetic acid Nenggen ethyl alcohol via an esterification reaction. Despite the sour fruit and vinegar can make the anesthetic effects of excessive alcohol to ease, but because of the esterification reaction carried out in the body when the interference by many factors, the result is unsatisfactory. Therefore, the best way to prevent drunk is to drink more.
Fruit and not a substitute for vegetables (excellent for training Note)
2,3-year-old child may not like to eat vegetables, because it is more difficult to chew, the taste is not very appealing to children. As a result, some parents with fruit instead of vegetables. Composition of different fruits and vegetables. The main components of fresh fruit vitamin C, organic acids and salts, as well as a small amount of sugar, and fresh vegetables contain vitamin C, minerals and fiber than fruit and more. Cellulose can promote bowel movements and prevent constipation. Some vegetables contain phytochemicals, can anti-cancer, prevention of hardening of the arteries. Thus, fruits and vegetables provide different nutrients and can not replace each other.
Not eat fruit after a meal
Now most people are used to eat fruit after a meal may, in fact, this method is wrong, eating fruit immediately after a meal is not only useless but also harmful to the stomach, because just after a meal, intestinal and stomach do not digest food, and immediately consumption of fruit can cause intestinal obstruction caused by damage to the stomach, causing bloating go a long way accustomed prominent stomach, causing some damage to health. Get rid of bad habits make better health
Longan
Called "longan" is valuable in subtropical and tropical specialties, the history of the South "longan" North "ginseng," said. Longan fruit is rich in nutrients, since ancient times by people like, but as a valuable tonic, the tonic function is obvious.
Ming Li's had the "capital interest longan good" rating. According to analysis, the whole fruit with sugar 12.38 - 22.55%, sugar 3.85 - 10.16%, total acid 0.096 - 0.109%, Vitamin C 43.12 - 163.7 mg / 100 grams of flesh, VK196.5 mg / 100 grams of pulp. In addition to fresh longan, the processing system can also be dry, canning, Jian Gao and so on. Longan has aphrodisiac Qi, benefit heart and spleen, nourishing the nerves, soothing beauty and many other effects, treat anemia, heart palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, neurasthenia and the ill, weak postpartum embolism. Practice shows that modern medicine, it also beauty, longevity of effect.
Longan production environment is critical, the world's limited space to plant longan, generally sub-tropical, temperate climate without severe frost partial area is suitable.
Therefore, the longan has always been known as the Lingnan good results, because both fresh eating but also for medicinal, in short supply in the market.
Mandarin
Is the world's most important commodity fruit, subtropical region of China's most widely cultivated fruit area is also the most important fruit in Guangxi. It includes many different types, mainly cultivated in Guangxi have orange, mandarin, grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, and there are many varieties of each species.
Ancient "Yu Gong," recorded 4000 years ago, the Xia Dynasty, China's Guangxi, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other places of production of citrus, has been classified as property tax tribute. To the Han era, further development of citrus production. "Records? Su played Biography" (Han Qian a) reads: "Let sea salt will cause the fish, Chu will come to Orange in the Park", indicating Chu (Hubei, Hunan and other places) of citrus and Qi (Shandong and other places (both fish salt production, "Historical Records" is also mentioned: "Shu Gangneung Arcadia orange, ... ... This Hou so its everyone and 1000." It is obvious that there is considerable scope citrus production.
Citrus fruit is juicy and delicious, delicious flavor, rich in sugars, organic acids, minerals, and vitamins and other components, high nutritional value. Orange or medicine, food industry an important raw material. In addition to fresh fruit, the processed into canned, juice, jam, etc.; peel hesperidin can be extracted, refined flavor and pectin.
Cane
【Scientific name】 Saccharum officenarum L.
【Alias】 potato sugar cane, dry cane, then intestinal grass, sugarcane, sweet sticks, etc.
【Branch】 grass is Gramineae, Saccharum Saccharum
【Features】 sugar cane and characteristics are tropical and subtropical annual perennial herb, is a C4 plant. Stem erect, thick and juicy, the surface often dressed white powder, leaves alternate, the edge of a small sharp teeth, spikes for the complex raceme. Sugar cane for the thermophilic, hi light crop, accumulated temperature required to 5500 ~ 8500 ℃, frost-free period 330d above, the average annual air humidity of 60%, annual precipitation required 800 ~ 1200mm, sunshine hours of the 1195 hours. Sugarcane on soil wider adaptability to clay loam, loam, sandy loam is better. Soil pH values from 4.5 to 8.0, sugarcane can grow, but the soil pH value of 6.5 to 7.5 as appropriate.
】 【Distribution of sugarcane originated in India, now widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The largest country in sugar cane planting in Brazil, followed by India, China ranked third, growing larger countries including Cuba, Thailand, Mexico, Australia, the United States. Sugarcane is mainly distributed in Guangdong, China, Taiwan, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Zhejiang, Hubei and other provinces (autonomous regions).
【Uses】 sugar. Can also be made of sucrose ester, fructose syrup and so on. Bagasse, molasses and filter mud, etc. can be made into paper, fiberboard, crushed boards, furfural, feed, food supplies medium, alcohol, ice, yeast, citric acid, lysine, acetic acid, MSG, glycerol, cement, fertilizers. Sugarcane shoots, sugarcane leaves, bagasse, bran, molasses or alcohol waste as cattle, sheep and other ruminant feed can be used; the molasses, filter mud mixed with the grain type feed can be made into pellets; sugar refinery waste discharge, fertilizer for sugar cane waste can.
Sugar cane is the main raw material in China. World sugar production in about 65% sucrose, China accounted for more than 80%. Sugar is one of human essential food supplies, but also candy, drinks and other important raw material for the food industry. At the same time, sugar cane or light industry, chemical raw materials and energy, important. Thus, the development of sugarcane production, improving people's lives, and promote the development of agriculture and related industries, and even on the development of the national economy has an important position and role.
Sugar cane's origin, distribution and production profile
1. The origin of sugar cane
The origin of sugarcane, three, first originated in India, the second is originated in the South Pacific, New Guinea, three originated in China. China is one of the old sugarcane. Has a long history of sugarcane cultivation as early as the fourth century BC, China's historical records have planted sugar cane, to have the calendar year system of the Tang dynasty, the record of rock candy. In recent years, many studies have shown that there are several centers of origin of sugarcane, while China is one of them.
2. The distribution of sugarcane
3. China's sugar cane production profile
China is one of the world's major sugar producers. World raw sugar from 1998 to 1999 the total output is 128.7 million tons, of which the total output of 8.934 million tons of sugar in China, the world's third largest sugar producing country.
The past 50 years, China's sugar industry has made great development. Sugarcane growing area of 160 acres from 1949 to 1998, 2000, the development of mu; the total output of sugar cane from the development of 2.642 million tons in 1949 to 83.438 million tons in 1998 to 1998 to 1999, sugar Zongchandadao 7.701 million tons, accounting for 86.2% of total sugar.
Sugarcane breeding history and present situation
Since 1953, hybrid breeding farm in Hainan, Jian Li, China's sugar cane research units across the continent have launched new varieties of sugarcane breeding and research so far has bred more than 100 sugarcane varieties for production use, facilitating the development of China Zhe Tang. Such as sugar 57-423,86-368 Guangdong Guangdong, Guangxi, Guangxi Sugar No. 11, Gui 15, 70-611 Mintang Fujian, Yunnan, 71-388,89-151, etc.. 1998 to 1999 the country's largest five varieties: sugar Gui 11, the new Sugar No. 10, elected three, Guangdong sugar 63-237, a new TSC 16, accounting for 21.04% of the total area, 9.27%, 8.72%, 6.77 % and 6.53%.
Sexual hybrid sugarcane breeding needs, and reproduction is vegetative propagation. Varieties of sugar cane per plant are within the same genotype, except by chance mutations, or very consistent. At present, most countries in the world bred varieties is 3 to 5 of the original species of sugarcane hybrids, then the hybridization and backcross breeding varieties, essentially homogeneous composition of species re-genotype combinations, so it leads to inbreeding sugarcane varieties, narrow genetic base, are closely related, resulting in nearly 30 years of breeding in the production of sugar cane, sugar and resistance has been more difficult to break. Therefore, the world community attaches great importance to sugarcane sugarcane breeding germplasm collection, research and use, in order to expand the blood, enrich the genetic basis of parents to create a breakthrough materials and varieties. Sugar cane, remember to distinguish between two sugarcane. Nearly black skin color purple cane, commonly known as black cane, with the more moderate tonic, sore throat, excessive heat are not. The peel skin color green cane, commonly known as cane, are sweet and cool nature, there is heat effect, heat energy solution Hyperactivity Hyperactivity and stomach cough, phlegm, yellow and thick sputum Nongzhuo people, big cane available juice with pear juice, and enhance the effectiveness of heat Runzao Qingfei. Cane with raw lotus root juice has the same effect. The thermodilution cough, cough person to vomit blood, after drinking to relieve. In addition, it is said that this party for urinary tract infection, commonly known as the (red urine) also have effect.
Juice itself with cool, people should not drink more physical Deficiency, if cold cough (sputum white and thin) were wrong to drink, the condition may be real-time increase. According to legend, after the boiling sugar cane juice can prevent this abuse, but it does effect how they are made. Daoshi cane with Rhizoma Imperatae, carrots boiled water does the effect of heat, the children more gum and bad temper, the most appropriate. If combined with water chestnuts (horseshoe), children with chicken pox or measles can be, when the water consumption of a variety of removing heat can help the virus through the hair, can also speed up the recovery. As the main source of sugar, sugar cane-rich nutritional value, it is beyond question. Juice if too monotonous, cooking juice available, able and wide in the stomach, make you a good appetite.
【Name】 sugarcane medicine
【English name】 Sugarcane
【Latin Name】 Saccharum sinensis Roxb.
【Name】 potato research sugarcane, dry sugar cane, then intestinal grass, cane pole, sugar Terrier
Source】 【Subject Gramineae
】 【Medicinal part of the stalk of sugarcane. The stem bark of this plant (sugar cane, leather), stem the growth of shoots between (cane chicken) also for medicinal.
After】 【character, taste sweet, cold, non-toxic. ① "Do not record": "sweet, neutral, non-toxic." ② "Japan-China sub-Materia Medica": "cold." ③ "South Yunnan, said the draft": "smells sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic." ④ "Gang Mu ":" Sweet Shibuya, flat, non-toxic. "
Lungs, spleen and stomach. ① "Ben Cao Jing Shu": "start, full moon, Meridian." ② "New Materia Medica": "Rupi, lung, large intestine." ③ "Materia Medica another new": "hepatic, spleen and two by . "
【Category】 tonic drug efficacy, drug yin
【Indications】 efficacy heat, fluid, under the gas, moistening. Government fever Tianjin injury, up_set_ thirst, nausea, vomiting, Dryness of cough, dry stools knot. And drug hangover.
【Usage consumption】 Oral: sugar cane juice, 2 to 4 2. External: trace and apply.
【】 Spleen Deficiency should avoid drugs were careful service. ① "Ben Cao Jing Shu": "cold stomach, vomiting, and in those who avoid the full Hua Xie." ② "Herbal Health Introduction": "eat more food for a long time, good fat, wet the fire, as sputum, swelling, vomiting, cough of the disease. "
Drug Combination】 【fried sugarcane pulp refining: the similar shoot and fish food, will not be benefits to the people, "Compendium of Materia Medica." With Lai Fu: heat hangover. With ginger: Temperature in Jiangni. With corn: lungs and spleen.
Apple
"An apple a day" is a well-known health slogan. Indeed, the apple is rich in sugars, organic acids, fiber, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols and flavonoids nutrients by scientists as "a full range of health fruit." So in the end what health effects it has won such a reputation then?
Lower blood lipids: Japan Institute of Pomology human experiment showed that eating two apples a day, 3 weeks after the subjects blood triglyceride levels decreased by 21%, and high triglyceride levels is the hardening of the arteries of the culprit . Apple pectin into the human body, combined with bile acids, like a sponge to absorb the excess of cholesterol and triglycerides, and then excreted. Meanwhile, Apple is conducive to the decomposition of acetic acid catabolism of the two substances. In addition, the Apple of vitamins, fructose, magnesium can also reduce their content.
Lower blood pressure: excess sodium is caused by high blood pressure and stroke an important factor. Apple contains sufficient potassium can be combined with the body of excess sodium and excretion, thereby reducing blood pressure. Meanwhile, the potassium ion can protect blood vessels and reduce blood pressure, stroke incidence. Well-known British pharmacologist, Dr. Susan Allridge found apple polyphenols and flavonoids contained in the material can be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease.
Prevention of Cancer: Study of Hirosaki University, Japan confirmed that apple polyphenol can inhibit cancer cell proliferation. A study of Finland's more exciting: Apples contain flavonoids is a highly effective antioxidant, it is not only the best cleaning agent of vascular and cancer killer. If people eat more apples, can reduce the risk of lung cancer 46% risk of other cancers was also reduced by 20%. French National Health Medical Research Institute's latest research also tells us that apple procyanidins can prevent colon cancer.
Antioxidant: Cornell University's team dipped into rat brain cells with quercetin and vitamin C in the liquid, found brain cells significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity. Compared with other fruits and vegetables, apples contain quercetin is the best, and yellow apples and red apple green apple off than good. Therefore, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease patients, Apple is the best food.
Strengthen bones: Apple contains elements that enhance bone mineral boron and manganese. A U.S. study found that boron can greatly increase the blood estrogen and other compounds, the concentrations of these substances can be effective in preventing calcium loss. Medical experts believe that postmenopausal women if the intake of 3 grams per day of boron, calcium turnover rate so they can reduce 46% of postmenopausal women to eat more apples, help calcium absorption and utilization of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Maintain the acid-base balance: 70% of the disease occurs in people who acidic, while Apple is the basic food, eat apples and body too quickly in the acidic substances (including the Movement of acid and fish, meat, eggs and other acidic Food and acid in the body metabolites), increased physical and disease resistance.
"An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Among the many fruits, apples can be said is the most common and most peaceful one, but its nutritional value is not be underestimated. Chinese believe that it can be fluid and lung, spleen appetizer. The analysis of nutrition that contains up to Apple, fructose, and contains a variety of organic acids, pectin and trace elements.
Apple Pectin is soluble fiber, not only can promote cholesterol metabolism, reduce cholesterol levels, it promotes fat excreted. The French did an experiment, a group of healthy middle-aged men and women daily consumption of two to three apples, one month later, they measured cholesterol levels, found that 80% of human blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL called bad cholesterol) are decreased; the same time, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL or good cholesterol) increased. Apple can be seen for cardiovascular assistance.
Apple contains trace elements of potassium can dilate blood vessels, enabling patients with hypertension, while zinc is necessary for the body, the lack of glucose metabolism would lead to decreased sexual function.
Raw apples, in addition to access to more benefits, but also conditioning stomach, because it's rich in fiber will help drainage. On the other hand, diarrhea is also good for people who eat it, because the malic acid with convergence, but it should be noted that in the case of spleen Deficiency Type of chronic diarrhea, will Apple be wrapped with aluminum foil, baked cooked before or simmer until cooked eat.
Apple nutrient-rich, heat is not high, and even welcomed by the weight loss. Diet, the use of apple skin plus a few slices ginger boiled water to drink, to stop vomiting. Pears with the apples with pears cold can be reduced, more to strengthen the stomach and lungs and profit effect. Autumn sugar, apples, pears several, plus a two-lily (30 grams), Dendrobium 5 money (15 grams), almonds 3 money (9 grams), can Runfei cough.
Weight Loss: Apple will increase satiety, reduce food intake before meals to eat to achieve weight loss purposes.
Peach
The benefits of well-known peach: peach with Bu Zhong Yi Qi, Yin Sheng Jin, the effectiveness of laxative, especially for the two blood loss, Mianhuangjishou, palpitations, shortness of breath, constipation, amenorrhea, swelling and other symptoms of congestion and more food
"Peach nutritious, rich varnish, such substances to the colon can absorb a lot of water, to achieve the effect of preventing constipation." However, the chief physician be well to remind Shaw, "but lit and constipation, eat lots of peaches Not only will not alleviate the post, it will "fuel". "
So, take a peach and eat it easy to be lit by dry mouth, thirst, sore throat and other symptoms of distress lit people eat less or eat the best peach, easy sore boil people also eat more serious will be sore from the body.
, Xiao told reporters: "eat peaches will be allergic to, partly because there is a layer of peach fuzz, peach light water wash hair often can not be all peaches washed off, but the body itself of this peach hair allergy; the other hand, with the human body related; peach picked from the tree, itself is summer heat, with the collision with the body's heat might cause allergies. "
There are a lot of people eat peaches on Naodu Zi, it is because peach contains a large number of macromolecules, and these were too weak gastrointestinal function.
Peach, the pictures show
The following four categories of people eat less or eat the best peach
1. Peacetime heat Piansheng, easy sore boil people should not eat.
2. Best not to feed infants peach because the peach contains a large number of macromolecules, poor infant gastrointestinal dialysis, unable to digest these substances, it is likely to cause allergic reactions.
3. Sickly weak health of patients and patients with gastrointestinal function should not be too weak to eat, because it will increase the burden of gastroenteritis.
4. Eat peach trigger allergic people, of course, have to hold back the temptation to friends.
Notably, not fully mature peach best not to eat, eat cause bloating or diarrhea.
How healthy eating peach?
Xiao Taifu recommended to eat before you can rub salt directly to the skin of a peach, and then wash with water, to remove the peach hair cleaner. Also if the peaches just picked from the tree, the best place to eat half a day, so it is heat dissipated eat better. Not fully mature peach best not to eat, eat cause bloating or diarrhea.
"Once eating peach allergy, when the first symptoms of mild, such as mouth redness, peeling, itching, this time, parents should let their children to eat, to face, hand wash. If the child's symptoms of more serious, such as lips, mouth Zhou, ears, neck, large red spot appears, even a slight edema, it should be taken seriously, and serious, and even cause diarrhea. "Xiao Taifu recommendations.
Xiao Taifu gave us a recipe: soak some green tea, put some salt in it, wash with hot tea allergy site. Wipe with a dry towel after, and then coated with 61 scattered. If the symptoms are rather heavy, can be replaced by non-polar extract powder 61. If the surface of edema, can be coated with some Binghuangfule ointment.
Mild, coated twice a day, symptoms and can be painted three. Also with the eating away heat and toxic drugs, such as honeysuckle, chlorpheniramine, etc.. If the skin edema, usually can eat more carrots, drink plenty of water.
Coconut
Name:
Latin scientific name: Cocos nucifera L.
English name: Coconut
Synonyms: Xu Yu, the first king of Yue, coconut ladle, etc.
Division are:
Domain: Eukarya Domain Eukarya
Sector: Flora Viridiplantae
Door: Door Magnoliophyta Angiosperms
Class: Liliopsida Monocots
Head: Head Arecales Palm
Section: palm Arecaceae / Palmaceae
Are: coconut is Cocos
Species: C. nucifera coconut
Characteristics:
Evergreen tree. Trunk straight, high 15-30m, single crown, neat. Leaves pinnate full crack, long 4-6m, many lobes, leathery, linear-lanceolate, long 65-100cm, width 3-4cm acuminate; petiole stout, long more than 1m. Buddha flame inflorescence axillary, long 1.5-2m, more branches, the upper branches male poly born, female flowers scattered in the lower part; male flowers with sepals 3, scaly, length 3-4mm, petals 3, coriaceous, ovate oblong, 1-1.5cm; stamens six; female flower number of pieces of the base of a small bracts, sepals leathery, round, width 2.5cm, petals and sepals similar, but smaller. Nuts obovate or nearly spherical, with a triangular top micro-long 15-25cm, endocarp bony, near the base with three apertures, seed 1; endosperm contains a rich sap of the cavity.
Ecological features:
Hi light of tropical coconut crops, in hot, rainy, sunny and windswept conditions, good growth and development. Asked a 24-year average temperature over 25 ℃, the temperature difference is small, the whole year without frost, coconut can flower and fruit normally, the optimum growth temperature of 26-27 ℃. Month of the year if the average temperature is 18 ℃, the yield decreased significantly, if the average temperature below 15 ℃, it will lead to falling flower, fruit drop and leaf yellowing. Water conditions should be more than 1500-2000mm annual rainfall and distribution, but is rich in underground water for irrigation or to the area, annual rainfall is 600-800mm can also grow well; drought on coconut yield up to 2 -3 years, the long-term water will also affect the coconut in the growing and output. Coconut suitable for growth in low-elevation areas, China's Hainan Island at an altitude of 150-200m below the growth and development can be a good place. Haidian alluvial soil is suitable and in river alluvial soil, followed by sandy loam, gravel soil is again, the worst clay. Groundwater requested 1.0-2.5m, poorly drained clay and marsh soil suitable for planting. On soil fertility, the requirement is rich in potassium. PH value of soil for 5.2-8.3, but 7.0 is most appropriate. Coconut has strong wind resistance wind ,6-7 on growth and yield only slightly affected. 8-9 typhoon to blow off a few leaves, and tear leaflets. 10-12 and above strong typhoon of the coconut serious harm. Conditions are suitable, coconut plants began to post the actual, 15-18-year period for the rich, individual results of 40-80 months, many are more than 100 economic life of more than 80 years. Palm leaf number produced each year, varies with age, rich in period ago, with the trend of increased age, rich in period decreased slightly, but still kept constant. Seedling leaves of years pumping roughly about the film, did not result saplings 10-13 films, young 14-15 tablets the result tree, mature tree 12-13 pieces. With the aging plant, a corresponding reduction in the number of leaves produced. Year, due to seasonal changes in leaf number per month of pumping there is a certain change (Table 150-1). Results of each young tree buds out of the number of trees less than the adult, the former the latter an average of 10.6 to 12. Year, pumping hundreds of shell, 11-May-June for up to at least December. Bud out 3.5 months later revealed by the inflorescence, known as the flowering up to the July-September, and the buds open up in the pistil, in November to next March at least. Coconut from fertilization to fruit ripening takes 12 months.
Nutritional value:
Coconut milk and coconut water content of protein, fructose, glucose, sucrose, fat, vitamin B1, vitamin E, vitamin C, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Coconut meat color white as jade, smooth crisp aromatic; coconut milk cool and sweet. Coconut meat, coconut milk is a delicious fruit of all ages.
Forage Value:
Coconut coconut oil extraction as feed mainly coconut oil cake left after. Generally speaking, each capable of producing 0.18 kg of coconut coconut 1000, to oil extraction 0.11kg, while access to 0.055kg coconut cake. Using coconut oil cake feeding livestock, need to gradually add to their diet, a habit is like eating animals. Daily volume of cow feed 1.5-2.0kg, were fed coconut oil cake, cow's milk fat content can increase. In pig diets in order to add 25% of the best, in addition, dried coconut leaves and coconut for domestic animals like to eat, but generally do not do feed utilization. Fresh coconut water can be used as a livestock artificial insemination diluted semen component.
Distribution:
Coconut cultivation of crops for the ancient origin different opinions, have said that production in South America, has said that Asian tropical island, but most believed to have originated in Malaysia. Are widely distributed in Asia, Africa, Oceania and the Americas, the tropical coastal and inland regions. Mainly in the north and south between 20 ° latitude, particularly in the equatorial distribution of coastal areas the most. Second, in the north-south latitude 20 ° -23.5 ° range is also widespread and. Coconut cultivation in China has 2000 years of history. Are mainly distributed in parts of Hainan, southern Taiwan, Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Dehong, Baoshan, estuaries also have a small amount of the distribution.
Cultivation techniques:
Propagation: by seed propagation. Fully mature coconut, so long as proper temperature and humidity conditions, over two months began to germinate. Hainan germination method commonly used by the nursery ready. _Select_ semi-shading, ventilation, drainage a good environment, to remove the weeds roots, 15-20 cm deep tillage, ditch, width slightly wider than the fruit, the kind of results one after another leaned ditch 45 ° angle of buried to the fruits of half to two-thirds. When the bud length 10-15 cm, the shift to moderate shaded buds nursery, pay attention to watering, drainage, weeding and fertilizing. Usually about a year, about 1 meter height can Chupu colonization.
Management: General or the rainy season begins in the small rainy season planting, high survival rate. Should be deep kind of light earth, to just cover the top is appropriate to the kind of fruit. It should be noted after the weeding, cultivator, earth and fertilization.
Characteristics: the shape of watermelon coconut, husk thin, was Anhe green; mesocarp is thick fibrous layer; inner skin was horny. Fruit coconut milk in a large storage cavity, mature, its internal storage with coconut milk, clean water, sweet as honey, shining brilliantly, is an excellent thirst for cool products.
Medicinal Introduction
Coconut palm coconut plants Cocos nucifera L., with fruit juices and shell medicine. Mature fruit collection, ready to take gravy and shell for use.
【】 Properties and owned by the sweet, warm.
【Functions and Indications】
Fruit juices: tonic, fluid, diuretic, insecticide. For heart disease edema, dry mouth, polydipsia, ginger insects.
Nutshell: expelling wind, dampness, itching. External governance body ringworm, athlete's foot.
【Usage and Dosage】 amount of coconut milk or coconut; external coconut placed on the burning stove, cover with a bowl to collect the vapor, condensation may distillate oil, plus 30% alcohol mixture coating the lesion.
【Notes】 Growth 9 months of the coconut, has juice in the clinical trial, an emergency as a substitute for intravenous infusion.
Chemical Composition】 【Traditional Chinese Medicine
Coconut oil 35% -45%. Oil contains 20% free fatty acids, sheep oleic acid (caproic acid) 2%, palmitic acid (palmitic acid), tallow acid (caprylic acid) 9%, sheep wax acid (capric acid), oleic acid (oleic acid) 2 % lauric acid (lauric acid); also with stigmasterol 3-enol (stignastatrienol), stigmasterol (stig-masterol) and fucose sterol (fucosterol), α-spinach sterols (α-spinasterol) and sterol (sterol). About 15% carbohydrates, mainly stachyose (stachyose), sugar (sucrose), glucose (glucose). Less than 5% of the protein, including albumin (albumin), globulin (globulin), alcohol-soluble protein (proamine), etc.. Vitamin (vitamin) B1 173μg%, B5 103μg%, B2 micro-, α-tocopherol (α-toco-pherol) 700μg%, γ-tocopherol γ-tocopherol) 250μg%. Vitamin C content in immature fruit is higher. Stones with mannan (mannan).
Coconut is a tropical treasure place, fat and protein content of Trinidad and Tobago. Abstract readily to cooked coconut tree, has been able to provide a good nutritious meal. The biggest misunderstanding people of Hong Kong coconut, than that it moist. In fact, coconut and warm, can BHD fire, and can keep fit, the most suitable weak, limb weakness, easy fatigue of the people to enjoy, especially the coconut sticky rice with chicken, especially good effect, because the coconut meat, rice and chicken are nourishing to stew manner, benefit more significant effect.
However, still an old one, containing the body of people should not eat hot coconut. If you have a long night sleep, I love popular in fried food, easy temper, dry mouth, then we must remember not to eat coconut. Also, always known as clearing heat and moist coconut submarine, in fact, make up as temperate.
If you love coconut, optional green water coconut to quench, or get coconut dessert, add other ingredients to balance, for example, Radix, lilies, dendrobium, can heat Yin; plus melon child can Xie Fei fire; Canada of cool Fungus or clear up the yellow ears and coconut in the temperature can dry.
Predecessors believed that coconut can be insect, especially the ginger insects. However, nowadays, I believe that there is not much natural pesticide market, but is suffering from cold cough may wish to eat coconut meat, can cough up phlegm fire. If you do not know what cold cough identify, ignored its own weak health, throat itching, no phlegm and other symptoms happen drank cold cabbage soup and add cold, coughing, then coconut or coconut stewed chicken can to relieve these symptoms.
Value of high nutritional value of coconut. China's TCM, coconut sweet natured, has a replenishing spleen, the efficacy of insecticidal elimination Malnutrition; coconut milk is sweet, warm, with health-chun, Lee water features. Modern medical research shows that coconut meat contains protein, carbohydrate; coconut oil contains sugar, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, etc.; coconut milk contains more nutrients, if the sugar, glucose, sucrose, protein, fat , vitamin B, vitamin C and calcium, phosphorus, iron and other trace elements and minerals. From this we can see that coconut is edible quality goods. When the spleen and stomach, fatigue, loss of appetite, limb weakness, physical weakness, it will be chopped coconut meat, and add some chicken and sticky rice, steamed food, better effect, as chicken, rice and coconut all three-tonic with soup approach, benefit more significant effect; coconut can be added to sub-melon Xie Fei fire; increase of cold meat, or clean up the snow yellow ears and coconut in the temperature can be dry; suffering from cold cough, they may wish to eating coconut meat, can play a cough, phlegm role. The body heat of people should not eat coconut Sheng; long night if you sleep, eat fried food, easy temper, dry mouth, they should bear in mind do not eat coconut.
In addition to its fruit coconut plays a significant role, the other part of the function is not small: coconut shell activated carbon can be burned or processed coconut carved, musical instruments; copra processed into coconut oil; coconut wood in the hard, beautiful patterns, do furniture or building materials. Utilization up to more than 360 kinds of coconut products in abroad, "Bao Shu", "wood of life," said.
Guava
【Scientific name】 Psidium guajava L.
【Alias】 guava fruit bazi chicken droppings vector drawing
Distribution】 【guava is a tropical fruit trees adaptable. Origin of tropical America, 16 ~ 17 century spread to the world's tropical and subtropical regions such as North America, Oceania, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, Indonesia, India, Malaysia, North Africa, and Vietnam. Introduced into China around the late 17th century. Is Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces are cultivated in some places has Yat wild fruit trees.
【Introduction】 Taiwan guava as Myrtaceae Psidium fruit, meat is very soft, juicy, sweet, almost seedless, pear flavor close to Taiwan and between big jujube. Its oval-shaped fruit, the color blue to creamy white milk, very beautiful, still the number one weight loss fruit. Guava fruit shape are spherical, oval, oval and yang pear, peel ordinary green, red, yellow, flesh white, red, yellow and so on. Tender meat, crisp and sweet, refreshing comfortable, eat non-greasy skincare the best fruit is.
】 【Nutritional Analysis
People】 【related
The general population can eat
Particularly suitable for the growth and development of children, for hypertension, diabetes, obesity and gastrointestinal impairment, is the ideal food for the fruit.
Habits of children and have constipation or people should not eat heat. Liver should guard against constipation hot as guava convergence antidiarrheal effect.
】 【Production guidance
1. Convenient raw fruits, washed (to avoid peeling) can be eaten, some people like to cut placed on a plate, with a little plum powder or salt, unique flavor. If using the family blender, homemade juice, guava juice flavor, and enjoy the unique taste of life.
【Remarks】
Miao-season fruit and eat less
Of-season fruit was originally used in greenhouse cultivation using high-tech varieties out. Not rely on the use of-season fruit growth hormone before, mainly through the greenhouse facilities and improve the means of changing the growth environment at room temperature so that plants mature earlier in the season.
However, in order to facilitate the storage and transportation of fruits, fruit farmers to close down the ripe fruit picked in advance, sell them before then ethylene ripening.
We know that fruits in the natural maturation process, bananas, persimmons, apples, kiwi fruit for a class of respiratory climactic fruit itself will release a small amount of ethylene Lai of fruit maturity, but if it is to use artificial ripening method, using must be a trace of ethylene, if you use a lot of the unripe Fruit ripening ethylene, not only on the human body after consumption of no benefit, but it will adversely affect the human body. However, the use of fruit ripening agents can be listed in advance to sell a good price, thus resulting in a market of-season fruit ripening on the rise.
Experts remind us that some-season fruit eating better.
1, grape: Some unscrupulous traders and farmers to use ripening agents - ethylene. Ethephon water users in proportion to dilution, it will not mature green grapes soaked into diluted solution, over a day or two becomes purple grapes green grapes.
2 banana: banana skin becomes yellow in order to look good, and some unscrupulous traders with sulfur dioxide to ripening, but the flesh is still eating up the hard, is not sweet. Sulphur dioxide is harmful to human body.
3, Watermelon:-standard use of ripening agents, thickening agents and highly toxic pesticides, so infected watermelon. Watermelon rind on the fringes of this uneven, cut especially bright after the flesh, can be seeds are white, eating mouth odor.
4, Strawberry: the middle hollow, irregular shape has huge strawberries, usually due to hormone excess. Strawberry ripening agent or other use of the hormone class medicine after the shorter growing period, fresh color, but it fades a fruit.
Fruit on the human health effects are hard, if we have targeted to eat, the effect will be better. I know what my fruit for which the role of what has introduced to you.
Health specialists, vice chairman of China, Beijing West China Medical Center for Economic Research, Dr. Wood said, rely on fruit weight, dieting to lose weight will be lost, after the inevitable rebound, as it decreased the body metabolic efficiency. The key to weight loss is not direct control of artificial heat, in fact you have little control. The key is to control blood sugar lose weight to control appetite and speed up metabolism and increased exercise.
He advocated a zero-hunger diet: a lot of water, preferably filtered raw water, avoid drinking beverages, especially sugary drinks. Eat a lot of green leafy vegetables, as we choose low-sugar fruits, the best raw, organic fruits conditional choice. Specific fruits can be divided into three categories:
Red food: high-sugar fruits and flour and rice. During weight loss, to strictly prevent the bananas, pineapple, watermelon and other fruits.
Yellow food: such as peach, apple, orange, etc., coarse grains should be controlled.
Green food: such as low sugar cherry, strawberry, grapefruit, etc., can be assured to eat.
Appeared flustered, palpitations, hunger, weakness, hand-foot-shaking, pale skin, sweating hypoglycemia, some people think should be added more sugar, eat more fruit to alleviate the high sugar content. In fact not the case, then should eat a low carbohydrate, high protein, high fat foods, instead of Yi Chi too much fruit. At the same time to limit the consumption of refined sugar, glucose, sugar, brown sugar, beverages, preserved fruit, canned food, sweets, etc., because these foods on insulin secretion to a certain extent.
Easy to hypoglycemia in patients, usually edible fruit with lower sugar content, such as pear, apple, peach, apricot, kiwi, watermelon, cantaloupe, etc. 150 to 250 grams per day can be consumed with each other every day can be divided into 3 4 times consumption. Regular consumption of fruit not only a dramatic effect on insulin secretion, or effective measures to prevent low blood sugar.
Guangdong citrus shatangju
Citrus shatangju, also known as orange in October. Origin of Quang Ninh, the four areas, four will be the main origin, Quang Ninh, Yunfu, Qingyuan, Deqing, South Sheng Town, Yunan, is one of the local citrus cultivars. Hence the name because of its sweet as Shatang. Particularly citrus shatangju Sihui City Yellow franca produced for authentic, delicious and very sweet Only, no residue, taste exquisite, in fact, superb!
Citrus shatangju are Quang Ninh, the four traditional native products, but also the famous citrus varieties, and was "Yangcheng Evening News," Yu said, "thriving." Fruit citrus shatangju flat circular top of tumor-like protrusions, City umbilical end of depression, the color orange, wrapped in thin wall, easy to peel. Fruit shape index 0.78, average fruit weight 62-86 grams of edible 71%, may contain 11% soluble solids, total sugar per 100 ml 10.55 g, acid 0.35 grams. Flesh crisp, juicy, melting, sweet taste, Qin Xin throat after eating, food for thought. The product is world famous ,60-70 years, has bulk-selling to Hong Kong and Macao region southeast.
Medium crown citrus shatangju developed root system, round type, branch detailed, a little straight production, tips of the hair strong, oval leaves, dark green. Flowering in late March, beginning in late September Sweet, 10 months early harvest in late -11. Not strictly required in cultivation technology, wide adaptability, has some resistance, is one of stable and high yield varieties of citrus. General planting 3-year results, five years after the rich period. 100-150 kg yield per plant, yield by up to 350-400 kg, the fruit-resistant storage.
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