| 姓： | 趙 | ||||
| 名： | 振開 | ||||
| 籍貫： | 浙江湖州 | ||||
| 出生地： | 北京 | ||||
閱讀北島 Bei Dao在诗海的作品!!! | |||||
北岛北島（1949年8月2日－），原名趙振開，中國當代詩人，為朦朧詩的代表人物之一。他用北島這個筆名是因為他來自北方，而且偏愛孤獨。他先後獲瑞典筆會圖霍爾斯基奬、美國西部筆會中心自由寫作奬、古根海姆奬學金、金花環奬等多個奬項，並被選為美國藝術文學院終身榮譽院士。之前曾擔任香港中文大學東亞研究中心人文學科講座教授，現為中大文學院榮譽教授。
生平
早年
北島祖籍浙江湖州，1949年生於當時的北平（現北京）。在少年時期，他是一名紅衛兵。他對文化大革命有疑慮，在1969年到1980作為一名工人接受了“再教育”。他畢業於北京四中。1969年當建築工人，後作過翻譯，並短期在《新觀察》雜志作過編輯。1970年開始寫作，1978年與芒剋等人創辦《今天》雜志。
本名趙振開，祖籍浙江湖州，1949生於北京。1969年當建築工人，後在某公司工作。1978年同詩人芒剋創辦民間詩歌刊物《今天》。1990年旅居美國，現任教於加利福尼亞州戴維斯大學。曾獲得諾貝爾文學奬提名。北島的詩歌創作開始於十年動亂後期，反映了從迷惘到覺醒的一代青年的心聲，十年動亂的荒誕現實，造成了詩人獨特的“冷抒情”的方式——出奇的冷靜和深刻的思辨性,開導了中國“朦朧派”之先河。他在冷靜的觀察中，發現了“那從蠅眼中分裂的世界”如何造成人的價值的全面崩潰、人性的扭麯和異化。他想“通過作品建立一個自己的世界，這是一個真誠而獨特的世界，正直的世界，正義和人性的世界。”在這個世界中，北島建立了自己的“理性法庭”，以理性和人性為準繩，重新確定人的價值，恢復人的本性；悼念烈士，審判劊子手；嘲諷怪異和異化的世界，反思歷史和現實；呼喚人性的富貴，尋找“生命的湖”和“紅帆船”。
清醒的思辨與直覺思維産生的隱喻、象徵意象相結合，是北島詩顯著的藝術特徵，具有高度概括力的悖論式警句，造成了北島詩獨有的振聾發聵的藝術力量。他的詩刺穿了烏托邦的虛偽，呈現出了世界的本來面目。一句"我不相信"的吶喊，震醒了茫茫黑夜酣睡的人們。
他詩歌的時空局限性也是非常明顯：過分西化和朦朧化，而缺乏中國古典詩詞之根基與意韻。
著有詩集《太陽城札記》、《北島詩選》、《北島顧城詩選》等 。
As a teenager, Bei Dao was a member of the Red Guards, the enthusiastic followers of Mao Zedong who enforced the dictates of the Cultural Revolution, often through violent means. He had misgivings about the Revolution and was "re-educated" as a construction worker the next eleven years.
Bei Dao and Mang Ke founded the magazine Jintian ("Today"), the central publication of the Misty Poets which was published from 1978 until 1980, when it was banned. The work of the Misty Poets and Bei Dao in particular were an inspiration to pro-democracy movements in China. Most notable was his poem "Huida" ("The Answer") which was written during the 1976 Tiananmen demonstrations in which he participated. The poem was taken up as a defiant anthem of the pro-democracy movement and appeared on posters during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. During the 1989 protests and subsequent shootings, Bei Dao was at a literary conference in Berlin and was not allowed to return to China. (Three other leading Misty Poets, Gu Cheng, Duo Duo, and Yang Lian, were also exiled). His then wife, Shao Fei, and their daughter were not allowed to leave China to join him for another six years.
Since 1987, Bei Dao has lived and taught in England, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Holland, France, and the United States. His work has been translated into twenty-five languages, including five poetry volumes in English along with the collection of stories Waves (1990) and the essay collections Blue House (2000) and Midnight's Gate (2005). Bei Dao continued his work in exile.
He has won numerous awards, including Tucholsky Prize from Swedish PEN, International Poetry Argana Award from the House of Poetry in Morocco and the PEN/Barbara Goldsmith Freedom to Write Award. He is an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Jintian was resurrected in Stockholm in 1990 as a forum for expatriate Chinese writers. He has taught and lectured at a number of schools, most recently the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, as well as the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa and Beloit College in Wisconsin. He has been repeatedly nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Works
Poetry
The August Sleepwalker Trans. Bonnie S. McDougall (New Directions, 1990)
Old Snow Trans. Bonnie S. McDougall & Chen Maiping (New Directions, 1991)
Forms of Distance. Trans. David Hinton (New Directions, 1994) ISBN 0-8112-1266-1
Landscape Over Zero. Trans. David Hinton & Yanbing Chen (1996)
Unlock. Trans. Eliot Weinberger & Iona Man-Cheong (New Directions, 2000) ISBN 0-8112-1447-8
At the Sky's Edge: Poems 1991-1996. (New Directions, 2001) ISBN 0-8112-1495-8
Midnight's Gate. Trans. Matthew Fryslie, ed. Christopher Mattison (New Directions, 2005) ISBN 0-8112-1584-9
Short stories
Waves. Trans. Bonnie S. McDougall & Susette Ternent Cooke (New Directions, 1990)
Notes
^ In 2006 Bei Dao was allowed to live and work in China once more
^ Unlock (2000), Landscape Over Zero (1996), Forms of Distance (1994), Old Snow(1992), The August Sleepwalker (1990)
All-translated by Donald Finkel and Xueliang Chen