中国经典 》 紅樓夢 A Dream of Red Mansions   》 第一回　甄士隱夢幻識通靈　賈雨村風塵懷閨秀 CHAPTER I.      曹雪芹 Cao Xueqin    高鶚 Gao E


     CHAPTER I.
甄士隐梦幻识通灵　贾雨村风尘怀闺秀
第一回　甄士隐梦幻识通灵　贾雨村风尘怀闺秀
《紅樓夢》是成書於清代乾隆年間的一部章回體古典長篇小說，曾用名《石頭記》《情僧錄》《風月寶鑒》《金陵十二釵》，中國古典小說四大名著之一，又名《脂硯齋重評石頭記》。據考證，學者普遍認為作者為：曹雪芹。評閱者：脂硯齋。現存大約八十回。 由於原著結尾散失，許多續作紛紛出爐，據統計，《紅樓夢》續書種類高達五十餘種。較為著名的續作者有清代纔女顧太清及通行本續作者或整理者高鶚等。而通過此書中的後四十回詩詞可以看出續作者大大宣揚迷信的因果報應、虛無宿命的封建毒素，嚴重歪麯了小說揭露和抨擊現實政治和社會黑暗的思想傾嚮。後高鶚續40回，大多數以此與前80回構成全本《紅樓夢》 【原作者介紹】 在20世紀初，“紅樓夢原作者究竟是誰”這個問題曾經引起中國學界的爭論，這個爭論至今仍然存在。大致上可分為二說： 一、紅樓夢是由曹雪芹所撰寫的 曹雪芹，中國清代偉大的文學家，名沾（zhān），字夢阮，號雪芹，又號芹圃、芹溪，祖籍遼寧遼陽，生於1724年，卒於1764年。其先世原是漢族，後為滿洲正白旗包衣（傢奴）。曹雪芹的曾祖父曹璽，祖父曹寅，父輩的曹顒和曹頫相繼擔任江寧織造達60餘年之久，頗受康熙帝寵信。曹雪芹在富貴榮華中長大。雍正初年，由於封建統治階級內部鬥爭的牽連，曹傢遭受多次打擊，曹頫被革職入獄，傢産抄沒，舉傢遷回北京，傢道從此日漸衰微。這一轉折，使曹雪芹深感世態炎涼，更清醒地認識了封建社會制度的實質。從此他生活一貧如洗他能詩會畫，擅長寫作，以堅韌不拔的毅力專心緻志地從事小說《紅樓夢》的寫作和修訂，披閱十載，增刪五次，寫出了這部把中國古典小說創作推嚮巔峰的文學巨著。《紅樓夢》以其豐富的內容，麯折的情節，深刻的思想認識，精湛的藝術手法成為中國古典小說中偉大的現實主義作品。乾隆二十七年（1762年），幼子夭亡，曹雪芹陷於過度憂傷和悲痛，到這一年的除夕（1764年2月1日），因貧病無醫而逝世（關於曹雪芹逝世的年份，另有乾隆二十八年（1763年）和二十九（1764年）年兩種說法）（曹雪芹逝於1763年是脂硯齋說的：能解者，方有辛酸之淚，哭成此書。壬午除夕，書未成，芹為淚盡而逝。餘嘗哭芹，淚亦待盡），入葬費用由好友資助。 《紅樓夢》第一回正文中，將作者歸之為“石頭”，這自然是小說傢言。緊接著又提到，此書經“曹雪芹於悼紅軒中披閱十載，增刪五次，纂成目錄，分出章回”。而早期抄本中的大量脂批則直指曹雪芹就是作者。如甲戌本第一回有批語：“若雲雪芹披閱增刪，然則開捲至此這一篇楔子又係誰撰？足見作者之筆狡猾之甚。”據一部分紅學家研究，脂批還多次說《紅樓夢》的故事很多取材於曹傢史實，也可作為旁證。由於脂批中透露作批者與曹雪芹及其傢族關係緊密，也熟知甚至部分地參與了《紅樓夢》的創作，因此脂批可以說是曹雪芹作為《紅樓夢》作者的最直接證據，但有些派別認為脂批純屬後來者杜撰，不能作為研究證據。 清代詩人富察明義在其《題紅樓夢》詩序中說：“曹子雪芹出所撰《紅樓夢》一部，備記風月繁華之盛，蓋其先人為江寧織府。其所謂大觀園者即今隨園故址。惜其書未傳，世鮮知者，餘見其鈔本焉。”另一位清代宗室詩人永忠作於乾隆三十三年（1768年）的詠《紅樓夢》詩題曰：“因墨香得觀《紅樓夢》小說吊雪芹三絶句（姓曹）”。這大概是除《紅樓夢》本身和脂批之外，最早指出曹雪芹是《紅樓夢》作者的記載。明義和永忠都是曹雪芹同時代人，雖然沒有證據表明他們認識曹雪芹，但他們與曹雪芹的朋友敦誠、敦敏兄弟有密切往來，因此他們的說法被認為是具有很高的可靠性。但迄今沒有在敦誠、敦敏兄弟的文字中找到關於曹雪芹是《紅樓夢》作者的記載。 另外，在與曹雪芹同時代或稍晚的袁枚、裕瑞等人，以及更晚的其他人的筆記中，也都有曹雪芹是《紅樓夢》作者的記載。1921年，鬍適發表《紅樓夢考證》，在對清人筆記和曹雪芹傢族考證的基礎上，確定曹雪芹為《紅樓夢》作者，從此成為定說。稍後脂本脂批的發現更強有力地支持了這一結論，但問題是不同脂批間具有非常多的矛盾，脂批很可能為假造。 二、紅樓夢的作者另有其人 近年來雖不斷有人提出《紅樓夢》作者另有其人，但均缺少證據，不足為憑。 【故事簡介】 女媧煉石補天時，所煉之石剩一塊未用，棄在大荒山無稽崖青埂峰下。此石已通靈性，大小隨心，來去任意，因未被選中補天常悲傷自怨。和尚茫茫大士、道士渺渺真人見其可愛，便將它攜至“昌明隆盛之邦、詩禮簪纓之族、花柳繁華地、富貴溫柔鄉走了一道”。不知多長時間以後，空空道人經過這裏，見石上刻着它那番經歷，便從頭到尾抄下，交曹雪芹披閱增刪、分出章回。以下便為石上所刻內容。姑蘇閶門外有個葫蘆廟，鄉宦甄士隱居住廟旁，可憐寄居廟內的窮儒賈雨村，贈銀讓他趕考。元宵之夜，甄的女兒英蓮被拐走；不久因葫蘆廟失火；甄傢又被燒毀。甄帶妻子投奔嶽父，遭白眼，隨跛道人出傢。 賈雨村中進士，任縣令，由於貪財被革職，到????政林如海傢教林的女兒林黛玉讀書。京城起復參革人員。賈雨村托林如海求嶽傢榮國府幫助：林的嶽母賈母因黛玉喪母，要接黛玉去身邊。林便托賈雨村送黛玉到京。賈雨村與榮國府聯宗。並得林如海內兄賈政幫忙，得任金陵應天府。 黛玉進榮國府，除外祖母外，還見了大舅母，即賈赦之妻邢夫人，二舅母，即賈政之妻王夫人，年輕而管理傢政的王夫人侄女、賈赦兒子賈璉之妻王熙鳳，以及迎春、探春、惜春和銜玉而生的賈寶玉。寶黛二人初見有似曾相識之感，但寶玉因見美如天仙的表妹黛玉，便砸自己的通靈寶玉，惹起一場不快。 賈雨村在應天府審案，英蓮被拐賣。買主為皇商之傢、王夫人的姐姐薛姨媽之子薛蟠。薛蟠雖為爭英蓮打死原買主，但賈雨村胡亂判案，放了薛蟠。薛蟠與母親、妹妹薛寶釵也一同到榮國府住下。 寧國府梅花盛開，賈珍妻尤氏請賈母等賞玩。賈寶玉睡午覺，住在賈珍兒媳秦可卿臥室，夢遊太虛幻境，見“金陵十二釵”圖册，聽演《紅樓夢》麯，與仙女可卿雲雨，醒來後因夢遺被丫環襲人發現，二人發生關係。 京官後代王狗兒已淪落鄉間務農，因祖上曾和王夫人、鳳姐娘傢聯宗，便讓嶽母劉姥姥到榮國府找王夫人打秋風。王熙鳳接待，給了二十兩銀子。 薛寶釵曾得癩頭和尚贈金鎖治病，以後一直佩帶。黛玉忌諱金玉良緣之說，常暗暗譏諷寶釵，警告寶玉。 賈珍之父賈敬放棄世職，離傢求仙學道。他生日之日，賈珍在傢設宴相慶。因林如海得病，賈璉帶黛玉去姑蘇，他的族弟賈瑞調戲鳳姐，被鳳姐百般捉弄而死。 秦可卿病死，賈珍恣意奢華，不僅東西都選上等，還花千兩銀子為兒子捐竜禁尉，以便喪禮風光。送喪途中，鳳姐貪圖三千兩銀子，拆散情人，使一對青年男女含恨而自殺。 林如海死後，黛玉衹得常住榮府。一種寄人籬下的凄涼感籠罩着她，常暗暗流淚，身體也更加病弱。 賈政長女元春被册封為妃，皇帝恩準省親。榮國府為了迎接這大典，修建極盡奢華的大觀園，又采辦女伶、女尼、女道士，出身世傢、因病入空門的妙玉也進榮府。元宵之夜，元春回娘傢呆了一會兒，要寶玉和衆姐妹獻詩。黛玉本想大展奇才，但受命衹能作一首。襲人嬌嗔說要離開寶玉，深感遺憾的寶玉求襲人別走，襲人趁機規勸寶玉讀書“幹正事”。寶玉和黛玉兩小無猜，情意綿綿。又因有薛寶釵或其他小事。二人常爭吵，在不斷爭吵中情感愈深。 寶釵過生日唱戲，小旦像黛玉，賈母娘傢孫女史湘雲口快說出，寶玉怕黛玉生氣阻攔、結果惹得二人都生寶玉氣。元春怕大觀園空閑。便讓寶玉和衆姐妹搬進居住。進園後，寶玉更成天和這些女孩子廝混；書童將《西廂記》等書偷進園，寶玉和黛玉一同欣賞。這是經典的一回。 賈政妾趙姨娘所生子，寶玉庶弟賈環嫉妒寶玉，抄寫經書時裝失手弄倒蠟燭燙傷寶玉，王夫人大駡趙姨娘。趙姨娘又深恨鳳姐，便請馬道婆施魘魔法，讓鳳姐、寶玉中邪幾乎死去。癩和尚、跛道人擦拭通靈玉、救好二人。黛玉性格憂鬱，暮春時節傷心落花，將它們埋葬，稱為花塚，並寫《葬花辭》。寶玉丫環晴雯失手跌壞扇子，寶玉說她。她便頂撞，襲人勸，她又諷刺，氣得寶玉要趕走她。到晚間晴雯乘涼。寶玉又讓她撕扇子以博她一笑。有一次史湘雲勸寶玉會官員，談仕途，被寶玉搶白，並說黛玉從不說這種混賬話；恰巧黛玉路過聽到，深喜知心。王夫人丫環金釧兒與寶玉調笑，被王夫人趕出投井而死，被賈環告訴賈政。寶玉又結交忠順王爺喜歡的伶人蔣玉菡，使得王爺派人來找。賈政大怒，將賈寶玉打得皮開肉綻。王夫人找襲人，要她隨時報告情況。並决定將來襲人給寶玉做妾。 大觀園中無所事事，探春倡導成立詩社。第一次詠白海棠，寶釵奪魁；第二次作菊花詩，林黛玉壓倒衆人。 劉姥姥二進榮國府，被賈母知道，便留她住下。在大觀園擺宴，把她作女清客取笑；這位飽經世故的老婦也甘心充當這一角色。賈母又帶劉姥姥遊大觀園各處。在攏翠庵，妙玉招待黛玉、寶釵飲茶，寶玉也得沾光。 為鳳姐慶生辰，從賈母起，各人出分子辦席。鳳姐飲酒過多，想回傢休息，撞到賈璉正勾引僕婦。鳳姐哭鬧。逼得僕婦上吊，賈母迫使賈璉嚮鳳姐賠禮。 由於行酒令黛玉引了幾句《西廂記》麯文，被寶釵察覺，並寬容了她，二人關係好轉。黛玉承認寶釵為好人，自己多心。黛玉模仿《春江花月夜》寫出《秋窗風雨夕》，抒發自己的哀愁。賈赦垂涎賈母丫環鴛鴦，讓其妻邢夫人找賈母。鴛鴦不肯，賈母也不願意，便斥責邢夫人。賈母與賈赦母子關係更加不好。薛蟠在一次宴席上調戲會唱戲而又豪爽的柳湘蓮，被柳毒打，柳怕報復，逃往他鄉。薛蟠無臉，也外出經商。其妾香菱（即英蓮）到大觀園學詩。又有幾傢親戚的姑娘來到，大觀園中作詩、製燈謎，空前熱鬧與歡樂。襲人因母病回傢，晴雯夜裏受寒傷風，身上燒得燙人。寶玉為舅舅慶壽，賈母給他一件俄羅斯裁縫用孔雀毛織的雀金裘，他不慎燒個洞。晚上回來、街上裁縫不敢修補。晴雯重病中連夜補好。 年關到，寧國府莊頭交租，送的東西數量驚人，賈珍還嫌少。由於過年操勞，鳳姐小産，無法理傢，便由探春、寶釵、李紈等人協同理事。探春為趙姨娘所生，趙姨娘弟弟死，探春按例不多給錢，母女大鬧一場。探春又在園中實行一些改革，將各處派專人管理，既交公一些財物．又給管理人一些利益。 黛玉丫環紫鵑試探寶玉對黛玉是否真心，假說黛玉要回姑蘇，寶玉相信而發病精神往復失常，由此，黛玉更知寶玉心理，衆人也以為他們定成美滿姻緣。黛玉又要認薛姨媽為幹媽，釵黛二人達到關係最融洽時期。 榮國府矛盾重重。賈環在寶玉處見到擦癬的薔薇硝，想要些，寶玉丫環芳官卻給賈環一些茉莉粉。趙姨娘到寶玉處大鬧一場。芳官又給她幹娘一些玫瑰露、引出她幹娘的侄兒偷茯苓霜。幾件事鬧得大亂，險些打破僕人間的平衡。正當寶玉生日歡宴時，賈敬吞丹喪命。尤氏國喪事繁忙。請母親和妹妹尤二姐、尤三姐來幫忙。賈璉見二姐貌美，要作二房，偷居府外。二姐和賈珍原有不清白，賈珍還想攪渾水，賈璉又想把三姐給賈珍玩弄。尤三姐卻正氣凜然，將珍、璉大駡，並說她已有意中人，即毒打薛蟠的柳湘蓮。賈赦派賈璉外出辦事，賈璉路遇薛蟠、柳湘蓮。薛蟠遇強盜，被柳搭救，二人結為兄弟，賈璉為柳提媒，柳答應。到京城後，柳先嚮三姐之母交訂禮，遇寶玉閑談尤氏一傢而起疑，又去索禮退婚，尤三姐自刎，柳出傢。鳳姐知道賈璉偷娶之事，裝成賢惠。將二姐接進府。請賈母等應允。賈璉回來，因辦事好，賈赦賞一妾。鳳姐藉妾手逼使尤二姐吞金自殺。粗使丫鬟傻大姐在園中擡到綉有春宮畫的香囊，王夫人大怒；在一些僕婦攛掇下抄檢大觀園，迎春懦弱，聽憑丫環被趕走；探春生氣，怒打僕婦；惜春這時和哥哥嫂子斷絶往來。晴雯被王夫人趕出，抱恨而死；賈寶玉無可奈何，寫《芙蓉誄》祭她。薛蟠娶妻夏金桂後，貪陪嫁丫環寶蟾美色，金桂為除香菱，答應了。在夏挑唆下。薛毒打香菱，薛姨媽不準。夏金桂和婆婆吵鬧。薛蟠無法在傢。衹得外出。 （之後由於原著散失，內容不可知。上世紀一些學者開始根據現存八十回的伏筆等寫作特點，開始係統探索八十回後的情節，如俞平伯先生、周汝昌先生以及梁歸智、林冠夫，劉心武等。） 【人物大全】 《紅樓夢》中究竟寫了多少人物，清朝嘉慶年間薑祺統計共四百四十八人。 民國初年蘭上星白編了一部《紅樓夢人物譜》，共收七百二十一人，人各有傳，字數長短不一，此書中又收《紅樓夢》所述及的古代帝王二十三人，古人一百一十五人，後妃十八人，列女二十二人，仙女二十四人，神佛四十七人，故事人物十三人，共二百六十二人，每人略考其生平及傳說。連上二者合計，共收九百八十三人。 近年，徐恭時作新統計。基礎工作是：在歷年閱讀過程中，先以庚辰本作底本，逐回逐段地把人名材料作成札記，廣覽諸傢表譜，相互核對，最後把人物歸類。統計出： (一)寧榮兩府本支：男十六人，女十一人，寧榮兩府眷屬女三十一人。 (二)賈府本族：男三十四人，女八人。 (三)賈府姻婭：男五十二人，女四十三人。 (四)兩府僕人：丫環七十三人，僕婦一百二十五人，男僕六十七人，小廝二十七人。 (五)皇室人物：男九人，女六人。太監二十七人，宮女七人。 (六)封爵人物：男三十七人，眷屬十四人。 (七)官吏：有姓名及職名冠姓的男二十六人，衹有職稱的三十八人，胥吏男三人。 (八)社會人物：各階層男一百零二人，女七十一人。大夫男十四人，門客男十人。優伶男六人，女十七人。僧道男十七人，尼婆四十九人。連宗男四人，女四人。 (九)外國人：女二人。 (十)警幻天上：女十九人，男六人。總計：男四百九十五人，女四百八十人，合計：九百七十五人。其中有姓名稱謂的七百三十二人，無姓名稱謂的二百四十三人。 最重要的當是“四大傢族”——賈、史、王、薛，有詩云：“賈不假，白玉為堂金作馬；阿房宮，三百裏，住不下金陵一個史；東海缺少白玉床，竜王來請金陵王；豐年好大雪，珍珠如土金如鐵。”足顯四傢之富。 “琴棋書畫”：抱琴、司棋、侍書、入畫。 “四珍寶”：珍珠、琥珀、玻璃、翡翠。 四大傢族：賈（寧、榮二公之後）、史（保齡候尚書令之後）、王（都太尉統治縣伯之後）、薛（皇商紫薇捨人之後） 金玉良姻：薛寶釵和賈寶玉 另外伏史湘雲和賈寶玉（金麒麟） 木石前盟：賈寶玉和林黛玉 一、賈寶玉 主人公賈寶玉是一個又奇又俗的人物。構成他性格的主要特徵是叛逆。他行為“偏僻而乖張”，是封建社會的叛逆者。他鄙視功名利祿，不願走“學而優則仕”的仕途。他痛恨“八股”，辱駡讀書做官的人是“國賊祿蠹”，懶於與他們接觸拜會。 他不喜歡所謂的“正經書”，卻偏愛於“雜書”，鐘情於《牡丹亭》、《西廂記》。他還對程朱理學提出了大膽的質疑，認為“除《四書》外，杜撰的太多了。”這充分顯示出了他是封建君主制度的“逆子貳臣”。 他認為“山川日月之精秀，衹鐘於女兒，須眉男子不過是些渣滓濁沫而已”。在這種駭世驚俗的思想指導下，寶玉終日“在內幃廝混”，並鐘愛和憐憫女孩子，鐘愛她們的美麗、純潔、洋溢的生氣、過人的才智，憐憫她們的不幸遭遇，憐憫其將嫁與濁臭的男子，失去了她們的聖潔之美。賈寶玉道：女子出嫁前為珍珠，嫁人後便失去光芒成了死珠，再老便與污濁男子同流，成為死魚眼了。他甚至為自己生有一個男子之身而感到無可輓救的遺憾。 在他的生命歷程中，最重要的一件事無疑就是與林黛玉的相愛了。這場戀愛，一方面開始於叛逆性格，另一方面又促使了他的叛逆性格的最終形成。這是他生命史上最大最重要的叛逆行為。寶、黛不但要求婚姻自主，而且在戀愛中背離了封建社會的人生之道。他們在反叛的道路上越走越遠，最後導致了兩人的悲劇結局。 二、林黛玉 林黛玉是一個才華橫溢而性格孤傲的女子，“可嘆停機德，堪憐詠絮纔。玉帶林中挂，金簪雪裏埋”中的"堪憐詠絮纔。玉帶林中挂"，則是她的寫照。她從小失去雙親，寄居在榮國府，雖然賈母對她疼愛有加，但由於清高自尊的個性，她常生“寄人籬下”的傷感。 她多愁善感，常常為別人不註意的小事而悲傷流淚。正如小說中所描寫的“黛玉葬花”一幕，就突出了這一點。花開花謝本來就是自然景象，但她卻由此而想到人生的悲歡離合、聚散無常。她為落花嘆息，她把寶玉引為知己，同看《西廂記》，把人生的希望都寄托在寶玉身上。她深愛着寶玉，但又感到很難如願。於是，她因想爭取自己的位置但又多次失敗而顧影自憐，暗泣於無人之處。 她的內心世界似難捉摸，但也常常將其顯露於外。若寶玉“得罪”了她，她便生氣，淚水漣漣，甚至為他而生病。表面上這樣，其實內心仍是挂念着他，藉口去看他。寶玉一病，她為之而傷心，為之而哭泣。但由於封建禮教道德的約束，她不得表白，不得自已，最終在寶釵出閣之日鬱鬱而死，沒能了卻自己的心願。 三、王熙鳳 榮府內，還有一個與衆不同的人物，她便是王熙鳳。王熙鳳的陰毒可謂人人皆知，作為榮府“總管”，她弄權作勢，兩面三刀。她用毒計害死賈瑞，又陰謀逼死尤三姐。她生性尖酸刻薄，到最後害了全家。她的個性是潑辣的，文中處處都不忘點明這一點，像她過生日那天，與那淫婦拼命，嚮老太太求救，足以見得。但畢竟她很能幹聰明，榮府上下大小事務都得她說了算，又善於迎合賈母，深得老太太的寵愛。又因此遭到嫉妒。 四、探春 賈探春，賈政之女——她沒有黛玉的纖細憐人，沒有寶釵的乖巧伶俐，沒有湘雲的活潑開朗，卻有卓超的才幹，過人的智慧，深僻的見解，遠大的眼光，這些在第五十六回“敏探春興利除宿弊，賢寶釵小惠全大體”中精彩地表現出來了。 王熙鳳因病臥床不起，便由探春、寶釵，李執等人主持傢務,此期間,探春查看傢中大小賬目,發現發放給各個房的月錢和發放給買辦的重疊了,便想出了兩全的辦法,與寶釵等人商議.“年裏往賴大傢去，與她們那兒的姑娘閑談，纔知她們吃的筍菜魚蝦，一年還有人包了，年終足有二百兩銀子，從那日我纔知道，一個破荷葉，一根破草根子都是值錢的。”發放月錢重疊之事於賈府已早有弊，可滿園子的姑娘丫頭無一人能指出個一二三來，探春卻從賴大傢中得到啓發，和自傢的情況對比，最後提出好的辦法，豈不是足以見她的辦事能力和精幹了，用現在的話說，就是分析綜合解决問題的素質。誰怪寶釵說“真真膏粱 之談！你們雖是個千金，原不知道這些事”而後寶釵又玩笑似的說“你纔辦了兩天事就利欲熏心，把朱子都看虛了。你再出去，見了那麽利弊大事，越發連孔子也都看虛了呢。”探春聞此言，卻一本正經地回答“你這樣一個通人，竟沒看見姬子書，當日姬子云：“登利祿之場，處運等之界者，窮堯舜之詞，背孔孟之道……”如此一番精闢的言辭，豈是一位普通女兒說得出的，非有政治眼光能矣！ 第五十六回中的探春，以處事的果斷幹練顯示出了她卓超的才幹，而寶釵的嬉言卻引出了她政治性的言論，真是叫人回味無窮，拍案叫絶！ 五、薛寶釵 金陵十二釵之一，薛姨媽的女兒。她容貌美麗，肌骨瑩潤，舉止嫻雅，表面上看似乎是當時正統淑女的典範，但實際上她骨子裏卻頗有憤世嫉俗的性格因子，她對當時的社會抱有一種強烈的批判精神。比如，《紅樓夢》第38回，她就作《螃蟹詠》，對當時那些橫行無道的官場人物如賈雨村之流，進行了尖銳的諷刺。而她自己最喜愛的詞麯，居然也是一首富於孤憤、反叛色彩的《山門•寄生草》！由於受程高本的誤導，紅學界對薛寶釵思想性格的認識長期偏離實際情況。比如，傳統觀點認為薛寶釵“城府頗深，能籠絡人心，得到賈府上下的誇贊”。但事實卻是，在曹雪芹的筆下，寶釵恰恰因為自己的個性而得罪了傢長！如小說第22回，寶釵就曾一首《更香謎》，引得賈政大為掃興，以為是“小小之人作此詞句，更覺不祥，皆非永遠福壽之輩”。第40回，在賈母攜劉姥姥參觀大觀園的時候，寶釵蘅蕪苑那“雪洞”一般樸素的室內佈置，又引起了賈母的大為不滿，認為是在親戚面前很掃了她的面子。賈母對寶釵，一則曰“使不得”，二則曰“不象”，三則曰“忌諱”，四則曰“不要很離了格兒”，五則曰“我們這老婆子，越發該住馬圈去了”。——全是清一色的負面評價。到後來，“榮國府元宵開夜宴”的時刻，賈母命自己所心愛的寶琴、湘雲、黛玉、寶玉四人，與自己同坐主桌，卻惟獨將寶釵排擠到了主桌之外，同李紋、李綺輩坐在一起。毫無疑問，這些都是寶釵在賈母面前由“受寵”轉為“失寵”的重要標志。如果寶釵真是“城府頗深，能籠絡人心”，她何以會落到如此結果呢？可見，在曹雪芹的原著中，寶釵恰恰是最不屑於玩弄什麽“城府”，以討好傢長的人！正好，脂硯齋對於釵、黛寫應製詩一事的評語也是：“在寶卿有生不屑為此，在黛卿實不足一為”。對弱者真切的同情，卻對權勢者“不屑”，這纔是寶釵行事的基調！ 另一種觀點也同樣錯誤不堪。即認為寶釵“熱衷於仕途經濟”，衹會“談講談講仕途經濟”。事實正好相反，寶釵恰恰與寶玉一樣，最痛恨當時的官場、最痛恨以賈雨村為代表的這種官場人物！寶釵勸寶玉讀書做官，不過是希望寶玉能夠掌握權力，去消滅那些“祿蠹”而已。正如她在《螃蟹詠》裏所說的“酒未敵腥還用菊，性防積冷定須薑”。由於寶釵對寶玉的直言進諫，她的話還一度引起了寶玉的誤會，以為那是所謂的“混帳話”。但誤會終究是誤會，後來寶玉讀到寶釵所作的《螃蟹詠》，也禁不住要為寶釵憤世嫉俗的思想叫好，高呼“寫的痛快”！耐人尋味的是，被寶玉當成是“從不說混帳話”的“知己”的那個林妹妹，後來卻一再真的拿“混帳話”去勸告寶玉，告誡他說：“你從此可都改了罷”、“我勸你把脾氣改改罷”。而且，在對待賈雨村的問題上，寶玉、黛玉的態度幾乎判若天淵！寶、黛之間這種似近而實遠的情況，倒與寶玉、寶釵那種似遠而實近的情形，形成了一種反嚮的“鮮明對比”。 對於書中的這種情況，曹雪芹生前的知己——脂硯齋倒是洞若觀火。他（她）很早就已經指出，在這些人生觀、價值觀的選擇上，“釵、玉二人形景較諸人皆近，……二人之遠，實相近之至也。至顰兒於寶玉似近之至矣，卻遠之至也”，“釵與玉遠中近，顰與玉近中遠，是要緊兩大股，不可粗心看過”！所以，寶玉與黛玉看似有共同的理想與志趣，實際二人的思想立場卻南轅北轍；寶玉與寶釵看似沒有共同的理想與志趣，實際二人的選擇卻是殊途同歸！——都是基於對當時那個社會的極度憤懣！ 故而，作者藉他的化身——癩頭和尚與跛足道人之手，為寶玉、寶釵安排了一場“金玉良姻”。這場婚姻的目的，就是藉助寶釵在老莊、禪宗等“出世”哲學方面的“博知”，來引導寶玉“悟道”，並最終推動他出傢為僧，使沉迷於紅塵中的頑石盡快返回大荒山。而事實上，在曹雪芹的原著中，寶玉的第一次“禪悟”，就是寶釵嚮他推薦的那首《山門•寄生草》給引出來的。這就叫做“聽麯文寶玉悟禪機”。在脂評本的後三十回佚稿中，寶玉最後在寶釵的引導下出傢為僧。寶釵為此犧牲了自己的塵世幸福，付出了半世孤凄的代價。但她卻並無怨言，因為幫助所愛之人解脫精神上的痛苦，正是她一生的使命。這就是脂批所提示的“歷着炎涼，知著甘苦，雖離別亦能自安，故名曰冷香丸。又以謂香可冷得，天下一切無不可冷者”。 程高本後四十回顯然篡改了曹雪芹原來的構思，抹殺了原著中寶釵引導寶玉“悟道”的重大主題。致使後來的論者對寶釵結局的評說，皆發生了一係列的誤判。這明顯是對曹雪芹原著的極大歪麯和褻瀆！ 【情榜】 涉及情榜的脂硯齋批語有： 1、庚辰雙行夾批：妙卿出現。至此細數十二釵，以賈傢四豔再加薛林二冠有六，添秦可卿有七，熙鳳有八，李紈有九，今又加妙玉僅得十人矣。後有史湘雲與熙鳳之女巧姐兒者共十二人，雪芹題曰“金陵十二釵”是本宗《紅樓夢》十二麯之意。後寶琴、岫煙、李紋、李綺皆陪客也，《紅樓夢》中所謂副十二釵是也。又有又副册三斷詞乃晴雯、襲人、香菱三人，餘未多及，想為金釧、玉釧、鴛鴦、苗雲（按：書中不見此人，想是彩雲？）、平兒等人無疑矣。觀者不待言可知，故不必多費筆墨。 2、庚辰眉批：妙玉世外人也，故筆筆帶寫，妙極妥極！畸笏。 3、庚辰眉批：是處引十二釵總未的確，皆係漫擬也。至回末警幻情榜方知正、副、再副及三四副芳諱。壬午季春。畸笏。 （註：第一段批語批者應為脂硯齋， 後兩段為畸笏叟。） 【藝術成就】 《紅樓夢》是中國小說史上不可超越的頂峰。《中國大百科全書》評價說，紅樓夢的價值怎麽估計都不為過。《大英百科》評價說，《紅樓夢》的價值等於一整個的歐洲。 《紅樓夢》是一部大書。有評論傢這樣說，幾千年中國文學史，假如我們衹有一部《紅樓夢》，它的光輝也足以照亮古今中外。《紅樓夢》是言情小說，它言男女之情，以言情而至偉大，必須有一個條件：起於言情，終於言情，但不止於言情。通常的言情之作常常易於流於淺薄，而偉大的言情則有一個不言情的底子，這樣才能襯出情的深度。《紅樓夢》之所以偉大，首先是在結構的偉大上。在如此精妙的佈局和秩序下，這等空間、這群人物中，看似龐雜的故事在作者的筆下事無巨細，分明清晰的娓娓道來。 一、毛澤東對《紅樓夢》的評價與看法： 1、《紅樓夢》我至少讀了五遍……我是把它當歷史讀的。開頭當故事讀，後來當歷史讀。什麽人都不註意《紅樓夢》的第四回，那是個總綱，還有《冷子興演說榮國府》、《好了歌》和註。第四回《葫蘆僧亂判葫蘆案》，講護官符，提到四大傢族：“賈不假，白玉為堂金作馬；阿房宮，三百裏，住不下金陵一個史；東海缺少白玉床，竜王來請金陵王；豐年好大雪(薛)，珍珠如土金如鐵。”《紅樓夢》寫四大傢族，階級鬥爭激烈，幾十條人命。統治者二十幾人(有人算了說是三十三人)，其他都是奴隸，三百多個，鴛鴦、司棋、尤二姐、尤三姐等等。講歷史不拿階級鬥爭觀點講，就講不通。 2、中國有三部名小說，《三國》、《水滸》和《紅樓夢》，誰不看完這三部小說，不算中國人！ 3、不讀五遍《紅樓夢》，沒必要發表評論。 4、大觀園裏賈寶玉的命根是係在頸上的一塊石頭，國民黨的命根是它的軍隊，怎麽好說不“保障”，或者雖有“保障”而不“確實”呢？ 5、《紅樓夢》不僅要當做小說看，而且要當做歷史看。他寫的是很細緻的、很精細的社會歷史。他的書中寫了幾百人，有三四百人，其中衹有三十三人是統治階級，約占十分之一，其餘都是被壓迫的。犧牲的、死的很多，如鴛鴦、尤二姐、尤三姐、司棋、金釧、晴雯、秦可卿和她的一個丫環。秦可卿實際是自殺的，書上看不出來。賈寶玉對這些人都是同情的。你們看過《金瓶梅》沒有？這部書寫了宋朝的真正社會歷史，暴露了封建統治，揭露了統治者和被統治者的矛盾，也有一部分寫得很細緻。《金瓶梅》是《紅樓夢》的祖宗，沒有《金瓶梅》就寫不出《紅樓夢》。但是，《金瓶梅》的作者不尊重女性，《紅樓夢》、《聊齋志異》是尊重女性的。 二、魯迅對《紅樓夢》的評價與看法： 1、《紅樓夢》是中國許多人所知道，至少，是知道這名目的書。誰是作者和續者姑且勿論，單是命意，就因讀者的眼光而有種種：經學家看見《易》，道學家看見淫, 才子看見纏綿，革命傢看見排滿，流言傢看見宮闈秘事……在我的眼下的寶玉，卻看見他看見許多死亡；證成多所愛者當大苦惱，因為世上，不幸人多。惟憎人者，幸災樂禍，於一生中，得小歡喜少有罣礙。然而憎人卻不過是愛人者的敗亡的逃路，與寶王之終於出傢，同一小器。 2、“全書所寫，雖不外悲喜之情，聚散之跡，而人物事故，則擺脫舊套，與在先之人情小說甚不同。……蓋敘述皆存真，聞見悉所親歷，正因寫實，轉成新鮮。……”（《中國小說史略》） 三、戚序本序： 吾聞絳樹兩歌，一聲在喉，一聲在鼻；黃華二牘，左腕能楷，右腕能草。神乎技也，吾未之見也。今則兩歌而不分乎喉鼻，二牘而無區乎左右，一聲也而兩歌，一手也而二牘，此萬萬不能有之事，不可得之奇，而竟得之《石頭記》一書。嘻！異矣。夫敷華掞藻、立意遣詞無一落前人窠臼，此固有目共賞，姑不具論；第觀其藴於心而抒於手也，註彼而寫此，目送而手揮，似譎而正，似則而淫，如春秋之有微詞、史傢之多麯筆。試一一讀而繹之：寫閨房則極其雍肅也，而豔冶已滿紙矣；狀閥閱則極其豐整也，而式微已盈睫矣；寫寶玉之淫而癡也，而多情善悟，不減歷下琅琊；寫黛玉之妒而尖也，而篤愛深憐，不啻桑娥石女。他如摹繪玉釵金屋，刻畫薌澤羅襦，靡靡焉幾令讀者心蕩神怡矣，而欲求其一字一句之粗鄙猥褻，不可得也。蓋聲止一聲，手衹一手，而淫佚貞靜，悲戚歡愉，不啻雙管之齊下也。噫！異矣。其殆稗官野史中之盲左、腐遷乎？然吾謂作者有兩意，讀者當具一心。譬之繪事，石有三面，佳處不過一峰；路看兩蹊，幽處不逾一樹。必得是意，以讀是書，乃能得作者微旨。如捉水月，衹挹清輝；如雨天花，但聞香氣，庶得此書弦外音乎？乃或者以未窺全豹為恨，不知盛衰本是回環，萬緣無非幻泡，作者慧眼婆心，正不必再作轉語，而千萬領悟，便具無數慈航矣。彼沾沾焉刻楮葉以求之者，其與開捲而寤者幾希！ 【人物名字的諧音】 書中很多人物的名字，其諧音都有特殊的含義，或諷刺，或感嘆，是為紅樓夢的藝術之一。脂硯齋的批文指明了部分的隱意。 甄士隱——真事隱 甄英蓮——真應憐 霍啓——禍起 賈雨村——假語存 嬌杏——僥幸 馮淵——逢冤 秦可卿——情可輕、情可親（2種說法） 秦鐘——情種 詹光——沾光 卜固修——不顧羞 卜世仁——不是人 吳新登——無星戥 石呆子——實呆子 元春、迎春、探春、惜春——原應嘆息 賈化——假話 單聘仁——擅騙人 墜兒——罪兒 靛兒——墊兒 戴權——大權 張友士——張有事 秦業——情孽 瀟湘館——消香館 梨香院——離鄉怨 蘅蕪院——恨無緣 仁清巷——人情巷 十裏街——勢力街 怡紅院——遺紅怨 青梗峰——情根峰 賈政、賈敬——假正經 蔣玉涵——將玉含 花襲人——花惜人 賈王薛史——傢亡血史 賈府——假府 【主題思想】 由於這部巨著是以數個大主軸穿插衆多小故事而成，因此關於《紅樓夢》的主題，至今並沒有一個統一的說法，但是其中最為人所重視的是賈寶玉和林黛玉及薛寶釵之間的愛情婚姻悲劇，也有人認為這部巨著是在描寫傳統中國貴族生活的腐敗與頽廢。全書中有很多關於佛教、道教、儒傢的思想，富含神話的色彩，並且反映著作當時的政治禮教、社會生活、經濟制度及文化發展，乃至服裝穿戴、飲食藥膳、建築亭閣、舟車行轎等等層面。 【主要續書】 《紅樓夢》續書多為續貂之作，我們可以將其作為一種現象研究。主要續書有： 1、《紅樓圓夢》 異名：繪圖金陵；十二釵後傳 回數：30，自120回續起 作者：臨鶴山人 刊本：嘉慶十九年紅薔閣寫刻本；大連市圖書館收藏 2、《紅樓夢影》 回數：24，自120回續起 作者：顧春 刊本：光緒三年聚珍堂活字印本，遼寧省圖書館藏 3、《紅樓幻夢》 異名：幻夢奇緣 回數：24，自97回續起 作者：花月癡人 刊本：道光二十三年疏影齋刊本，遼寧省圖書館藏 4、《綺樓重夢》 異名：紅樓續夢；蜃樓情夢；新紅樓夢 回數：48，自120回續起 作者：王蘭沚 刊本：初刊本為嘉慶四年則園漫士敘本，原書未見，僅存書目。現存較早刊本為嘉慶十年瑞凝堂本。北京大學圖書館藏。 5、《補紅樓夢》 異名：補石頭記 回數：48，自120回續起 作者：嫏環山樵 刊本：嘉慶二十五年刊本，北京師範大學圖書館藏 6、《紅樓夢補》 異名：紅樓姊妹篇 回數：48，自97回續起 作者：歸鋤子 刊本：嘉慶二十四年藤花榭刊本，香港大學馮平山圖書館藏 7、《續紅樓夢》 異名：秦續紅樓夢 回數：30，自97回續起 作者：秦子忱 刊本：嘉慶四年抱甕軒刊本，遼寧省圖書館藏 8、《紅樓真夢》 異名：石頭記補 回數：64，自120回續起 作者：郭則澐 刊本：民國二十九年傢印鉛字本，遼寧省圖書館藏 9、《紅樓復夢》 回數：100，自120回續起 作者：陳少海 刊本：嘉慶四年刊本，英國皇傢亞洲學會藏 10、《續紅樓夢新編》 異名：續紅樓夢；增紅樓夢；增補紅樓夢；紅樓重夢；海續紅樓夢 回數：40，自120回續起 作者：海圃主人 刊本：嘉慶十年文秀堂刊本，天津師範大學圖書館藏 11、《續紅樓夢稿》 異名：續紅樓夢 回數：20，自120回續起 作者：張曜孫 刊本：此書未終捲，稿本九册，周紹良藏 【歇後語】 1、大觀園裏哭賈母——各有各的傷心事 2、賈寶玉的丫環——喜（襲）人 3、王熙鳳害死尤二姐——心狠手毒 4、劉姥姥出大觀園——滿載而歸 5、劉姥姥進大觀園——眼花繚亂 6、林黛玉葬花——自嘆命薄 7、賈寶玉住在小西屋——到哪兒說哪兒 8、正白旗的曹雪芹——真個別 原著前八十回： 9、胳膊折了往袖子裏藏——自掩苦處（第7 焦大） 10、坐山觀虎鬥——坐收其利（第16 王熙鳳） 11、藉劍殺人——不露痕跡（第16 王熙鳳） 12、引風吹火——費力不多（第16 王熙鳳） 13、站幹岸——不沾事(濕)（第16 王熙鳳） 14、推倒油瓶不扶——懶到傢了（第16 王熙鳳） 15、狗咬呂洞賓——不識好歹（第25 彩霞） 16、千裏搭長棚——沒有個不散的宴席（第26 紅玉） 17、丈八的燈臺——照見人傢，照不見自傢（第19 李嬤嬤 ） 18、黃鷹抓住了鷂子的腳——扣了環了（第30 王熙鳳） 19、金簪子掉在井裏頭——有你的衹是有你的（第30 金釧） 20、九國販駱駝的——到處兜攬生意（第46 鴛鴦） 21、宋徽宗的鷹，趙子昂的馬——都是好話（畫）兒（第46 鴛鴦） 22、狀元痘兒灌的漿兒——又滿是喜事（第46 鴛鴦） 23、黃柏木作磐槌子——外頭體面裏頭苦（第53 賈珍） 24、聾子放炮仗——散了（第54 王熙鳳） 25、梅香拜把子——都是奴才（第60 芳官） 26、倉老鼠和老鴰去藉糧——守着的沒有，飛着的有（第61 柳氏） 27、清水下雜面——你吃我看見（第65 尤三姐） 28、見提着影戲人子上場——好歹別戳破這層紙（第65 尤三姐） 29、耗子尾巴上長瘡——多少膿血兒（第68 王熙鳳） 30、頂梁骨走了真魂——嚇得要命（第68 王熙鳳） 31、鋸了嘴子的葫蘆——沒口齒（第68 王熙鳳） 32、小蔥拌豆腐——清的清白的白（第74 王夫人） 33、可着頭做帽子——要一點富餘也不能（第75 鴛鴦） 續書後四十回： 34、羊群裏跑出駱駝來了——就衹你大（第88 賈母） 35、含着骨頭露着肉——吞吞吐吐（第88 王熙鳳） 36、焦了尾巴稍子——絶後（第117 衆人） 【影視資料】 最早將《紅樓夢》故事搬上銀幕的是梅蘭芳。1924年秋，民新影片公司將梅蘭芳演出的5出京戲片段，拍攝剪輯成一部兩本長的戲麯短片，其中就有《黛玉葬花》。 1927年電影《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－陸劍芳　賈寶玉－陸劍芬。這是真正意義上的第一部《紅樓夢》影視作品，它的結構十分巧妙，以劉姥姥為全劇結構的主綫，頗有點“後現代”意味。上海復旦影片公司。 1929年，夏佩珍，殷明珠，嚴月嫻版電影《紅樓夢》。上海孔雀影片公司 1936年，有聲故事片，李雪芳，馮俠魂版《黛玉葬花》。上海大華影業公司 1939年，顧蘭君，梅熹，白虹版《王熙鳳大鬧甯國府》。上海新華影片公司 1942年，《紅樓夢》。偽“中聯”影片公司 1944年電影《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－周璇　賈寶玉－袁美雲　薛寶釵－王丹鳳　此時正處於中國電影的一個黃金時期，演員都是當時紅得發紫的大明星。上海昆侖公司 1951年，言慧珠，林默予，路珊版《紅樓二尤》。上海國泰影片公司 1952年，李麗華，嚴俊，陳娟娟版《新紅樓夢》。導演：嶽楓，香港長城影片公司 1962年，童芷苓，王熙春版《尤三姐》（京劇）。上海海燕電影製片廠 1962年香港電影《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－樂蒂　賈寶玉－任潔。 1962年越劇電影《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－王文娟　賈寶玉－徐玉蘭。非常不幸，由於政治原因，這部片子一拍出來就被禁了，直到80年代纔解禁。 1975年香港無綫版電視《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－汪明荃　賈寶玉—伍衛國。值得一提的是，這部片子裏有個跑竜套的後來成了巨星，他就是扮演蔣玉涵的周潤發。 1977年香港佳視版電視《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－毛舜筠　賈寶玉－伍衛國　薛寶釵－米雪。 1977年香港電影《金玉良緣紅樓夢》：林黛玉—張艾嘉　賈寶玉—林青霞　薛寶釵—米雪。香港邵氏電影公司 1977年香港電影《紅樓春上春》：林黛玉－黃杏秀　賈寶玉－張國榮。這是張國榮的第一部電影，也是一部三級片。香港思遠電影公司 1978年，餘莎莉、思維《紅樓夢》。導演：牟敦沛，香港邵氏電影公司（性質同上） 1978年香港電影《新紅樓夢》：林黛玉－周芝明　賈寶玉－凌波。 1987央視版電視連續劇《紅樓夢》：林黛玉—陳曉旭　賈寶玉—歐陽奮強　王熙鳳—鄧捷　薛寶釵—張莉　鴛鴦—鄭錚　賈璉—高宏亮　賈母—李婷　史湘雲—郭宵珍　賈探春—東方聞櫻　賈赦—李頡　尤氏—王貴娥　王夫人—周賢珍　邢夫人—夏明輝　賈惜春—鬍澤紅　賈迎春—牟一　賈珍—李志新　香菱—陳劍月　襲人—袁枚　晴雯—張靜林　尤三姐—周月　薛姨媽—李鳳英　薛蟠—陳洪海　平兒—瀋琳　巧姐—李端　秦可卿—張蕾　李紈—孫夢泉　賈元春—成梅。最經典的紅樓夢版本，影響力非常大，之後的許多紅樓夢片子嚮它看齊。導演：王扶林，編劇：周嶺。 1989年北影版電影《紅樓夢》：林黛玉－陶慧敏　賈寶玉－夏欽　薛寶釵－傅藝偉　王熙鳳－劉曉慶。這也是我們比較熟悉的版本，當年曾經獲得多項金雞奬，現在也偶爾能在電影頻道發現它的影蹤。 1996年，鐘本偉飾寶玉，張玉嬿飾黛玉，73集電視劇《紅樓夢》。導演不明，臺灣華視電影公司 2002年，30集越劇電視連續劇《紅樓夢》。浙江省文聯浙江長城影視公司 2007年籌劃拍攝新版電視連續劇《紅樓夢》，並於北京臺進行了《紅樓夢中人》大型選秀，林黛玉，賈寶玉，薛寶釵三名角色將最終選出飾演者，公衆對此有衆多爭議，廣泛認為新人不可能超過舊版。 新版紅樓夢開拍，主要演員陣容如下： ·賈寶玉（成年）：楊洋—解放軍藝術學院舞蹈專業學生。 ·薛寶釵（成年）：白冰—白冰從寶釵組選秀季軍一躍成為正印寶釵人選。 ·賈元春：何琳—何琳曾因出演楊陽導演的《牽手》榮獲中國電視金鷹奬。 ·賈迎春：張迪—曾在電影《落葉歸根》中與趙本山對戲,出演潑辣發廊妹。 ·賈探春：丁荔—代表作品：《真情人生》。 ·賈惜春：徐行—資料暫無。 ·史湘雲：馬曉燦—資料暫無。 ·妙　玉：高洋—代表作品：《情人節禮物》、《純真年華》、《兄弟》。 ·李　紈：池華瓊—代表作品：《劉鬍蘭》、《十六歲的花季》、《蟋蟀宰相》、《紅色警戒》。 ·巧　姐：李曼嘉—暫無資料。 ·秦可卿：唐一菲—代表作：《追愛總動員》、《darkness bride》；mv：《披着羊皮的狼》。 ·賈寶玉（少年）：於小彤—來自北京舞蹈學院，他曾在陳凱歌電影《梅蘭芳》裏飾演小梅蘭芳。 ·林黛玉（少年）：蔣夢婕—蔣夢婕來自北京舞蹈學院芭蕾舞專業。 ·薛寶釵（少年）：李沁—李沁是上海戲校的學生，是20年難得一見的昆麯閨門旦苗子。 ·賈　母：周采芹—周采芹是京劇大師周信芳的女兒，年已七旬，畢業於英國皇傢戲劇學院。 ·王夫人：歸亞蕾—王夫人是戲中僅次於賈母的中老年角色。李少紅稱：歸亞蕾是不二人選。 ·邢夫人：王馥荔—邢夫人被稱作“尷尬人”，她的確是那種讓別人也令自己尷尬的人。 ·劉姥姥：葉琳琅—劉姥姥沒讀過書但膽識過人。能進入賈府混的農民也許衹有劉姥姥能當此任。 ·薛姨媽：龔麗君—送薛寶釵上京待選，貫穿全書，是一個較重要的陪襯人物。 ·尤　氏：賈妮—尤氏，賈珍之妻。雖為寧國府當傢奶奶，但並無實權，也沒什麽才幹。 ·賈　璉：王竜華—王竜華中央戲劇學院表演係，曾出演多部話劇。 ·秦　鐘：石津宇—資料暫無。 ·柳湘蓮：徐堯—1984年出生，身高180釐米，上海戲劇學院表演係。 ·薛　蟠：王鵬—代表作：《尋找廬山戀》。 　主創人員總製片人：韓三平—中國電影集團公司董事長兼總經理。 　執行製片人：李小婉—製片人，榮信達影視公司創始人。 　總導演：李少紅—中國電影第五代的女導演代表。 　攝影指導：曾念平—第26屆金雞奬最佳攝影奬獲得者。 　美術指導：葉錦添—奧斯卡最佳服裝設計得主。 【紅樓夢中的判詞】 正册判詞 1、林黛玉和薛寶釵 畫：兩株枯木，木上懸着一圍玉帶；又有一堆雪，雪下一股金簪。 判詞：可嘆停機德，堪憐詠絮纔。玉帶林中挂，金簪雪裏埋。 2、賈元春 畫： 一張弓，弓上挂着香櫞。 判詞：二十年來辨是非，榴花開處照宮闈。三春爭及初春景，虎兕相逢大夢歸。 3、賈探春 畫：兩人放風箏，一片大海，一隻大船，船中有一女子，掩面泣涕之狀。 判詞：纔自清明志自高，生於末世運偏消。清明涕送江邊望，千裏東風一夢遙。 4、史湘雲 畫：幾縷飛雲，一灣逝水。 判詞：富貴又何為？襁褓之間父母違；展眼吊斜暉，湘江水逝楚雲飛。 5、妙玉 畫：一塊美玉，落在泥垢之中。 判詞：欲潔何曾潔，雲空未必空。可憐金玉質，終陷淖泥中。 6、賈迎春 畫：一惡狼，追撲一美女——欲啖之意。 判詞：子係中山狼，得志便猖狂。金閨花柳質，一載赴黃梁。 7、賈惜春 畫：一所古廟，裏面有一美人，在內看經獨坐。 判詞：勘破三春景不長，緇衣頓改昔年妝。可憐綉戶侯門女，獨臥青燈古佛旁。 8、王熙鳳 畫：一片冰山，山上有一隻雌鳳。 判詞：凡鳥偏從末世來，都知愛慕此生纔。一從二令三人木，哭嚮金陵事更哀。 9、賈巧姐 畫：一座荒村野店，有一美人在那裏紡績。 判詞：勢敗休雲貴，傢亡莫論親。偶因濟劉氏，巧得遇恩人。 10、李紈 畫：一盆茂蘭，旁有一位鳳冠霞帔的美人。 判詞：桃李春風結子完，到頭誰似一盆蘭？如冰水好空相妒，枉與他人作笑談。 11、秦可卿 畫：高樓大廈，有一美人懸梁自縊。 判詞：情天情海幻情身，情既相逢必主淫；漫言不肖皆榮出，造釁開端實在寧。 副册判詞 12、香菱 畫：一株桂花，下面有一池沼，其中水涸泥幹，蓮枯藕敗。 判詞：根並荷花一莖香，平生遭際實堪傷。自從兩地生孤木，致使香魂返故鄉。 又副册判詞 13、晴雯 畫：又非人物，亦非山水，不過是水墨滃染的滿紙烏雲濁霧而已。 判詞：霽月難逢，彩雲易散。心比天高，身為下賤。風流靈巧招人怨。壽夭多因誹謗生，多情公子空牽念。 14、花襲人 畫：一簇鮮花，一床破席。 判詞：枉自溫柔和順，空雲似桂如蘭。堪羨優伶有福，誰知公子無緣。 【紅樓夢十四支麯】 1、《紅樓夢引子》 開闢鴻蒙，誰為情種？都衹為風月情濃。趁着這奈何天，傷懷日，寂寥時，試遣愚衷。因此上，演出這懷金悼玉的《紅樓夢》。 2、《終身誤》 都道是金玉良姻，俺衹念木石前盟。空對着，山中高士晶瑩雪；終不忘，世外仙姝寂寞林。嘆人間，美中不足今方信。縱然是齊眉舉案，到底意難平。 3、《枉凝眉》 一個是閬苑仙葩，一個是美玉無瑕。若說沒奇緣，今生偏又遇着他；若說有奇緣，如何心事終虛化？一個枉自嗟呀，一個空勞牽挂。一個是水中月，一個是鏡中花。想眼中能有多少淚珠兒，怎經得秋流到鼕盡,春流到夏！ 4、《恨無常》 喜榮華正好，恨無常又到。眼睜睜，把萬事全拋。蕩悠悠，把芳魂消耗。望家乡，路遠山高。故嚮爹娘夢裏相尋告：兒命已入黃泉，天倫呵，須要退步抽身早！ 5、《分骨肉》 一帆風雨路三千，把骨肉傢園齊來拋閃。恐哭損殘年，告爹娘，休把兒懸念。自古窮通皆有定，離合豈無緣？從今分兩地,各自保平安。奴去也，莫牽連。 6、《樂中悲》 襁褓中，父母嘆雙亡。縱居那綺羅叢，誰知嬌養？幸生來，英豪闊大寬宏量，從未將兒女私情略縈心上。好一似，霽月光風耀玉堂。廝配得才貌仙郎，博得個地久天長，準折得幼年時坎坷形狀。終久是雲散高唐，水涸湘江。這是塵寰中消長數應當，何必枉悲傷！ 7、《世難容》 氣質美如蘭，才華阜比仙。天生成孤癖人皆罕。你道是啖肉食腥膻，視綺羅俗厭，卻不知太高人愈妒，過潔世同嫌。可嘆這，青燈古殿人將老；辜負了，紅粉朱樓春色闌。到頭來,依舊是風塵骯髒違心願。好一似，無瑕白玉遭泥陷；又何須，王孫公子嘆無緣。 8、《喜冤傢》 中山狼，無情獸，全不念當日根由。一味的驕奢淫蕩貪歡媾。覷着那，侯門豔質同蒲柳；作踐的，公府千金似下流。嘆芳魂豔魄，一載蕩悠悠。 9、《虛花悟》 將那三春看破，桃紅柳緑待如何？把這韶華打滅，覓那清淡天和。說什麽，天上夭桃盛，雲中杏蕊多；到頭來，誰把秋捱過？則看那，白楊村裏人嗚咽，青楓林下鬼吟哦。更兼着，連天衰草遮墳墓。這的是，昨貧今富人勞碌，春榮秋謝花折磨。似這般，生關死劫誰能躲？聞說道，西方寶樹喚婆娑，上結着長生果。 10、《聰明纍》 機關算盡太聰明，反算了卿卿性命。生前心已碎，死後性空靈。傢富人寧，終有個傢亡人散各奔騰。枉費了，意懸懸半世心；好一似，蕩悠悠三更夢。忽喇喇似大廈傾，昏慘慘似燈將盡。呀！一場歡喜忽悲辛。嘆人世，終難定！ 11、《留餘慶》 留餘慶，留餘慶，忽遇恩人；幸娘親，幸娘親，積得陰功。勸人生，濟睏扶窮。休似俺那愛銀錢忘骨肉的狠舅姦兄！正是乘除加減，上有蒼穹。 12、《晚韶華》 鏡裏恩情，更那堪夢裏功名！那美韶華去之何迅！再休提銹帳鴛衾。衹這帶珠冠，披鳳襖，也抵不了無常性命。雖說是，人生莫受老來貧，也須要陰騭積兒孫。氣昂昂頭戴簪纓；光燦燦胸懸金印；威赫赫爵祿高登；昏慘慘黃泉路近。問古來將相可還存？也衹是虛名兒與後人欽敬。 13、《好事終》 畫梁春盡落香塵。擅風情，秉月貌，便是敗傢的根本。箕裘頽墮皆從敬，傢事消亡首罪寧。宿孽總因情。 14、《收尾·飛鳥各投林》 為官的，傢業凋零；富貴的，金銀散盡；有恩的，死裏逃生；無情的，分明報應；欠命的，命已還；欠淚的，淚已盡。冤冤相報實非輕，分離聚合皆前定。欲知命短問前生，老來富貴也真僥幸。看破的，遁入空門；癡迷的，枉送了性命。好一似食盡鳥投林，落了片白茫茫大地真幹淨！ 【紅樓夢寫了多少夢】 《紅樓夢》起於夢結於夢，表面寫夢，實際並非寫夢，那它到底寫了多少夢？據統計，全書共寫大大小小的夢32個，前80回寫了20個夢，40回寫了12個夢。另外對《紅樓夢》的“笑”和“哭”也有統計，笑的描寫有173次，其中王熙鳳戲謔21次。哭的描寫有260次，其中林黛玉哭40次。 紅樓夢中的夢（前80回） 甄士隱夢幻識通靈（第一回） 賈寶玉一遊太虛幻境（第五回） 賈瑞死前一夢（第十二回） 鳳姐夢可卿勸立傢業（第十三回） 賈寶玉夢中聽見秦可卿死訊（第十三回） 秦鐘彌留之際見小鬼（第十六回） 茗煙說卍兒因母夢得錦疋而生（第十九回） 小紅私情癡夢（第二十四回） 賈寶玉夢見蔣玉菡金釧兒（第三十四回） 絳雲軒賈寶玉夢斥金玉（第三十六回） 香菱夢中得佳句（第四十八回） 賈寶玉夢遇甄寶玉（第五十六回） 上夢中，甄寶玉說夢見賈寶玉（第五十六回） 賈寶玉夢見黛玉已回去（第五十七回） 賈寶玉夢見有人來接黛玉（第五十七回） 湘雲醉夢說酒令（第六十三回） 柳湘蓮夢醒出傢（第六十六回） 尤二姐夢見尤三姐勸斬妒婦（第六十九回） 鳳姐夢被人強奪錦疋（第七十二回） 賈寶玉夢見晴雯死後來別（第七十七回） 【歌麯《石頭記》】 麯：劉以達 詞：邁剋／陳少琪／進念二十面體 唱：達明一派 看遍了冷冷清風吹飄雪漸厚 鞋踏破路濕透 再看遍遠遠青山吹飛絮弱柳 曾獨醉病消瘦 聽遍那渺渺世間輕飄送樂韻 人獨舞亂衣鬢 一心把思緒拋卻似虛如真 深院內舊夢復浮沉 一心把生關死結與酒同飲 焉知那笑黶藏淚印 絲絲點點計算 偏偏相差太遠 兜兜轉轉 化作段段塵緣 紛紛擾擾作嫁 春宵戀戀變挂 真真假假 悉悲歡恩怨原是詐 （花色香皆看化） 【《紅樓夢》版本】 1、甲戌本　2、己卯本　3、庚辰本　4、列藏本　5、戚本　6、蒙府本　7、甲辰本 8、己酉本　9、鄭藏本　10、靖本　11、端方本和三六橋本　12、程高本
第一回　甄士隱夢幻識通靈　賈雨村風塵懷閨秀 此開捲第一回也。作者自云：因曾歷過一番夢幻之後，故將真事隱去，而藉"通靈"之說，撰此《石頭記》一書也。故曰"甄士隱"雲雲。但書中所記何事何人？自又云：“今風塵碌碌，一事無成，忽念及當日所有之女子，一一細考較去，覺其行止見識，皆出於我之上。何我堂堂須眉，誠不若彼裙釵哉？實愧則有餘，悔又無益之大無可如何之日也！當此，則自欲將已往所賴天恩祖德，錦衣紈絝之時，飫甘饜肥之日，背父兄教育之恩，負師友規談之德，以至今日一技無成，半生潦倒之罪，編述一集，以告天下人：我之罪固不免，然閨閣中本自歷歷有人，萬不可因我之不肖，自護己短，一並使其泯滅也。雖今日之茅椽蓬牖，瓦竈繩床，其晨夕風露，階柳庭花，亦未有妨我之襟懷筆墨者。雖我未學，下筆無文，又何妨用假語村言，敷演出一段故事來，亦可使閨閣昭傳，復可悅世之目，破人愁悶，不亦宜乎？"故曰"賈雨村"雲雲。 此回中凡用“夢”用“幻”等字，是提醒閱者眼目，亦是此書立意本旨。 列位看官：你道此書從何而來？說起根由雖近荒唐，細按則深有趣味。待在下將此來歷註明，方使閱者瞭然不惑。 原來女媧氏煉石補天之時，於大荒山無稽崖練成高經十二丈，方經二十四丈頑石三萬六千五百零一塊。媧皇氏衹用了三萬六千五百塊，衹單單剩了一塊未用，便棄在此山青埂峰下。誰知此石自經煅煉之後，靈性已通，因見衆石俱得補天，獨自己無材不堪入選，遂自怨自嘆，日夜悲號慚愧。 一日，正當嗟悼之際，俄見一僧一道遠遠而來，生得骨骼不凡，豐神迥異，說說笑笑來至峰下，坐於石邊高談快論。先是說些雲山霧海神仙玄幻之事，後便說到紅塵中榮華富貴。此石聽了，不覺打動凡心，也想要到人間去享一享這榮華富貴，但自恨粗蠢，不得已，便口吐人言，嚮那僧道說道：“大師，弟子蠢物，不能見禮了。適聞二位談那人世間榮耀繁華，心切慕之。弟子質雖粗蠢，性卻稍通，況見二師仙形道體，定非凡品，必有補天濟世之材，利物濟人之德。如蒙發一點慈心，攜帶弟子得入紅塵，在那富貴場中，溫柔鄉裏受享幾年，自當永佩洪恩，萬劫不忘也。”二仙師聽畢，齊憨笑道：“善哉，善哉！那紅塵中有卻有些樂事，但不能永遠依恃，況又有‘美中不足，好事多魔’八個字緊相連屬，瞬息間則又樂極悲生，人非物換，究竟是到頭一夢，萬境歸空，倒不如不去的好。”這石凡心已熾，那裏聽得進這話去，乃復苦求再四。二仙知不可強製，乃嘆道：“此亦靜極慫級*，無中生有之數也。既如此，我們便攜你去受享受享，衹是到不得意時，切莫後悔。”石道：“自然，自然。”那僧又道：“若說你性靈，卻又如此質蠢，並更無奇貴之處。如此也衹好踮腳而已。也罷，我如今大施佛法助你助，待劫終之日，復還本質，以了此案。你道好否？"石頭聽了，感謝不盡。那僧便念咒書符，大展幻術，將一塊大石登時變成一塊鮮明瑩潔的美玉，且又縮成扇墜大小的可佩可拿。那僧托於掌上，笑道：“形體倒也是個寶物了！還衹沒有，實在的好處，須得再鎸上數字，使人一見便知是奇物方妙。然後攜你到那昌明隆盛之邦，詩禮簪纓之族，花柳繁華地，溫柔富貴鄉去安身樂業。”石頭聽了，喜不能禁，乃問：“不知賜了弟子那幾件奇處，又不知攜了弟子到何地方？望乞明示，使弟子不惑。”那僧笑道：“你且莫問，日後自然明白的。”說着，便袖了這石，同那道人飄然而去，竟不知投奔何方何捨。 後來，又不知過了幾世幾劫，因有個空空道人訪道求仙，忽從這大荒山無稽崖青埂峰下經過，忽見一大塊石上字跡分明，編述歷歷。空空道人乃從頭一看，原來就是無材補天，幻形入世，蒙茫茫大士，渺渺真人攜入紅塵，歷盡離合悲歡炎涼世態的一段故事。後面又有一首偈雲： 無材可去補蒼天，枉入紅塵若許年。 此係身前身後事，倩誰記去作奇傳？詩後便是此石墜落之鄉，投胎之處，親自經歷的一段陳跡故事。其中家庭閨閣瑣事，以及閑情詩詞倒還全備，或可適趣解悶，然朝代年紀，地輿邦國，卻反失落無考。 空空道人遂嚮石頭說道：“石兄，你這一段故事，據你自己說有些趣味，故編寫在此，意欲問世傳奇。據我看來，第一件，無朝代年紀可考，第二件，並無大賢大忠理朝廷治風俗的善政，其中衹不過幾個異樣女子，或情或癡，或小纔微善，亦無班姑，蔡女之德能。我縱抄去，恐世人不愛看呢。”石頭笑答道：“我師何太癡耶！若雲無朝代可考，今我師竟假藉漢唐等年紀添綴，又有何難？但我想，歷來野史，皆蹈一轍，莫如我這不藉此套者，反倒新奇別緻，不過衹取其事體情理罷了，又何必拘拘於朝代年紀哉！再者，市井俗人喜看理治之書者甚少，愛適趣閑文者特多。歷來野史，或訕謗君相，或貶人妻女，姦淫兇惡，不可勝數。更有一種風月筆墨，其淫穢污臭，屠毒筆墨，壞人子弟，又不可勝數。至若佳人才子等書，則又千部共出一套，且其中終不能不涉於淫濫，以致滿紙潘安，子建，西子，文君，不過作者要寫出自己的那兩首情詩豔賦來，故假擬出男女二人名姓，又必旁出一小人其間撥亂，亦如劇中之小醜然。且鬟婢開口即者也之乎，非文即理。故逐一看去，悉皆自相矛盾，大不近情理之話，竟不如我半世親睹親聞的這幾個女子，雖不敢說強似前代書中所有之人，但事跡原委，亦可以消愁破悶，也有幾首歪詩熟話，可以噴飯供酒。至若離合悲歡，興衰際遇，則又追蹤躡跡，不敢稍加穿鑿，徒為供人之目而反失其真傳者。今之人，貧者日為衣食所纍，富者又懷不足之心，縱然一時稍閑，又有貪淫戀色，好貨尋愁之事，那裏去有工夫看那理治之書？所以我這一段故事，也不願世人稱奇道妙，也不定要世人喜悅檢讀，衹願他們當那醉淫飽臥之時，或避世去愁之際，把此一玩，豈不省了些壽命筋力？就比那謀虛逐妄，卻也省了口舌是非之害，腿腳奔忙之苦。再者，亦令世人換新眼目，不比那些鬍牽亂扯，忽離忽遇，滿紙才人淑女，子建文君紅娘小玉等通共熟套之舊稿。我師意為何如？” 空空道人聽如此說，思忖半晌，將《石頭記》再檢閱一遍，因見上面雖有些指姦責佞貶惡誅邪之語，亦非傷時駡世之旨，及至君仁臣良父慈子孝，凡倫常所關之處，皆是稱功頌德，眷眷無窮，實非別書之可比。雖其中大旨談情，亦不過實錄其事，又非假擬妄稱，一味淫邀豔約，私訂偷盟之可比。因毫不干涉時世，方從頭至尾抄錄回來，問世傳奇。從此空空道人因空見色，由色生情，傳情入色，自色悟空，遂易名為情僧，改《石頭記》為《情僧錄》。東魯孔梅溪則題曰《風月寶鑒》。後因曹雪芹於悼紅軒中披閱十載，增刪五次，纂成目錄，分出章回，則題曰《金陵十二釵》。並題一絶雲： 滿紙荒唐言，一把辛酸淚！ 都雲作者癡，誰解其中味？ 出則既明，且看石上是何故事。按那石上書云： 當日地陷東南，這東南一隅有處曰姑蘇，有城曰閶門者，最是紅塵中一二等富貴風流之地。這閶門外有個十裏街，街內有個仁清巷，巷內有個古廟，因地方窄狹，人皆呼作葫蘆廟。廟旁住着一家乡宦，姓甄，名費，字士隱。嫡妻封氏，情性賢淑，深明禮義。傢中雖不甚富貴，然本地便也推他為望族了。因這甄士隱稟性恬淡，不以功名為念，每日衹以觀花修竹，酌酒吟詩為樂，倒是神仙一流人品。衹是一件不足：如今年已半百，膝下無兒，衹有一女，乳名喚作英蓮，年方三歲。 一日，炎夏永晝，士隱於書房閑坐，至手倦拋書，伏幾少憩，不覺朦朧睡去。夢至一處，不辨是何地方。忽見那廂來了一僧一道，且行且談。衹聽道人問道：“你攜了這蠢物，意欲何往？"那僧笑道：“你放心，如今現有一段風流公案正該了結，這一幹風流冤傢，尚未投胎入世。趁此機會，就將此蠢物夾帶於中，使他去經歷經歷。”那道人道：“原來近日風流冤孽又將造劫歷世去不成？但不知落於何方何處？"那僧笑道：“此事說來好笑，竟是千古未聞的罕事。衹因西方靈河岸上三生石畔，有絳珠草一株，時有赤瑕宮神瑛侍者，日以甘露灌溉，這絳珠草始得久延歲月。後來既受天地精華，復得雨露滋養，遂得脫卻草胎木質，得換人形，僅修成個女體，終日遊於離恨天外，饑則食蜜青果為膳，渴則飲灌愁海水為湯。衹因尚未酬報灌溉之德，故其五內便鬱結着一段纏綿不盡之意。恰近日這神瑛侍者凡心偶熾，乘此昌明太平朝世，意欲下凡造歷幻緣，已在警幻仙子案前挂了號。警幻亦曾問及，灌溉之情未償，趁此倒可了結的。那絳珠仙子道：‘他是甘露之惠，我並無此水可還。他既下世為人，我也去下世為人，但把我一生所有的眼淚還他，也償還得過他了。’因此一事，就勾出多少風流冤傢來，陪他們去了結此案。”那道人道：“果是罕聞。實未聞有還淚之說。想來這一段故事，比歷來風月事故更加瑣碎細膩了。”那僧道：“歷來幾個風流人物，不過傳其大概以及詩詞篇章而已，至家庭閨閣中一飲一食，總未述記。再者，大半風月故事，不過偷香竊玉，暗約私奔而已，並不曾將兒女之真情發泄一二。想這一幹人入世，其情癡色鬼，賢愚不肖者，悉與前人傳述不同矣。”那道人道：“趁此何不你我也去下世度脫幾個，豈不是一場功德？"那僧道：“正合吾意，你且同我到警幻仙子宮中，將蠢物交割清楚，待這一幹風流孽鬼下世已完，你我再去。如今雖已有一半落塵，然猶未全集。”道人道：“既如此，便隨你去來。” 卻說甄士隱俱聽得明白，但不知所云"蠢物"係何東西。遂不禁上前施禮，笑問道：“二仙師請了。”那僧道也忙答禮相問。士隱因說道：“適聞仙師所談因果，實人世罕聞者。但弟子愚濁，不能洞悉明白，若蒙大開癡頑，備細一聞，弟子則洗耳諦聽，稍能警省，亦可免沉倫之苦。”二仙笑道：“此乃玄機不可預泄者。到那時不要忘我二人，便可跳出火坑矣。”士隱聽了，不便再問。因笑道：“玄機不可預泄，但適雲‘蠢物’，不知為何，或可一見否？"那僧道：“若問此物，倒有一面之緣。”說着，取出遞與士隱。士隱接了看時，原來是塊鮮明美玉，上面字跡分明，鎸着"通靈寶玉"四字，後面還有幾行小字。正欲細看時，那僧便說已到幻境，便強從手中奪了去，與道人竟過一大石牌坊，上書四個大字，乃是"太虛幻境"。兩邊又有一幅對聯，道是： 假作真時真亦假，無為有處有還無。士隱意欲也跟了過去，方舉步時，忽聽一聲霹靂，有若山崩地陷。士隱大叫一聲，定睛一看，衹見烈日炎炎，芭蕉冉冉，所夢之事便忘了大半。又見奶母正抱了英蓮走來。士隱見女兒越發生得粉妝玉琢，乖覺可喜，便伸手接來，抱在懷內，鬥他頑耍一回，又帶至街前，看那過會的熱鬧。方欲進來時，衹見從那邊來了一僧一道：那僧則癩頭跣腳，那道則跛足蓬頭，瘋瘋癲癲，揮霍談笑而至。及至到了他門前，看見士隱抱着英蓮，那僧便大哭起來，又嚮士隱道：“施主，你把這有命無運，纍及爹娘之物，抱在懷內作甚？"士隱聽了，知是瘋話，也不去睬他。那僧還說：“捨我罷，捨我罷！"士隱不耐煩，便抱女兒撤身要進去，那僧乃指着他大笑，口內念了四句言詞道： 慣養嬌生笑你癡，菱花空對雪澌澌。 好防佳節元宵後，便是煙消火滅時。士隱聽得明白，心下猶豫，意欲問他們來歷。衹聽道人說道：“你我不必同行，就此分手，各幹營生去罷。三劫後，我在北邙山等你，會齊了同往太虛幻境銷號。”那僧道：“最妙，最妙！"說畢，二人一去，再不見個蹤影了。士隱心中此時自忖：這兩個人必有來歷，該試一問，如今悔卻晚也。 這士隱正癡想，忽見隔壁葫蘆廟內寄居的一個窮儒-姓賈名化，表字時飛，別號雨村者走了出來。這賈雨村原係鬍州人氏，也是詩書仕宦之族，因他生於末世，父母祖宗根基已盡，人口衰喪，衹剩得他一身一口，在家乡無益，因進京求取功名，再整基業。自前歲來此，又淹蹇住了，暫寄廟中安身，每日賣字作文為生，故士隱常與他交接。當下雨村見了士隱，忙施禮陪笑道：“老先生倚門伫望，敢是街市上有甚新聞否？"士隱笑道：“非也。適因小女啼哭，引他出來作耍，正是無聊之甚，兄來得正妙，請入小齋一談，彼此皆可消此永晝。”說着，便令人送女兒進去，自與雨村攜手來至書房中。小童獻茶。方談得三五句話，忽傢人飛報：“嚴老爺來拜。”士隱慌的忙起身謝罪道：“恕誑駕之罪，略坐，弟即來陪。”雨村忙起身亦讓道：“老先生請便。晚生乃常造之客，稍候何妨。”說着，士隱已出前廳去了。 這裏雨村且翻弄書籍解悶。忽聽得窗外有女子嗽聲，雨村遂起身往窗外一看，原來是一個丫鬟，在那裏擷花，生得儀容不俗，眉目清明，雖無十分姿色，卻亦有動人之處。雨村不覺看的呆了。那甄傢丫鬟擷了花，方欲走時，猛擡頭見窗內有人，敝巾舊服，雖是貧窘，然生得腰圓背厚，面闊口方，更兼劍眉星眼，直鼻權腮。這丫鬟忙轉身回避，心下乃想：“這人生的這樣雄壯，卻又這樣襤褸，想他定是我傢主人常說的什麽賈雨村了，每有意幫助周濟，衹是沒甚機會。我傢並無這樣貧窘親友，想定是此人無疑了。怪道又說他必非久睏之人。”如此想來，不免又回頭兩次。雨村見他回了頭，便自為這女子心中有意於他，便狂喜不盡，自為此女子必是個巨眼英雄，風塵中之知己也。一時小童進來，雨村打聽得前面留飯，不可久待，遂從夾道中自便出門去了。士隱待客既散，知雨村自便，也不去再邀。 一日，早又中秋佳節。士隱傢宴已畢，乃又另具一席於書房，卻自己步月至廟中來邀雨村。原來雨村自那日見了甄傢之婢曾回顧他兩次，自為是個知己，便時刻放在心上。今又正值中秋，不免對月有懷，因而口占五言一律雲： 未卜三生願，頻添一段愁。 悶來時斂額，行去幾回頭。 自顧風前影，誰堪月下儔？ 蟾光如有意，先上玉人樓。 雨村吟罷，因又思及平生抱負，苦未逢時，乃又搔首對天長嘆，復高吟一聯曰： 玉在匣中求善價，釵於奩內待時飛。 恰值士隱走來聽見，笑道：“雨村兄真抱負不淺也！"雨村忙笑道：“不過偶吟前人之句，何敢狂誕至此。”因問：“老先生何興至此？"士隱笑道：“今夜中秋，俗謂‘團圓之節’，想尊兄旅寄僧房，不無寂寥之感，故特具小酌，邀兄到敝齋一飲，不知可納芹意否？"雨村聽了，並不推辭，便笑道：“既蒙厚愛，何敢拂此盛情。”說着，便同士隱復過這邊書院中來。須臾茶畢，早已設下杯盤，那美酒佳餚自不必說。二人歸坐，先是款斟漫飲，次漸談至興濃，不覺飛觥限起來。當時街坊上傢傢簫管，戶戶弦歌，當頭一輪明月，飛彩凝輝，二人愈添豪興，酒到杯幹。雨村此時已有七八分酒意，狂興不禁，乃對月寓懷，口號一絶雲： 時逢三五便團圓，滿把晴光護玉欄。 天上一輪纔捧出，人間萬姓仰頭看。士隱聽了，大叫：“妙哉！吾每謂兄必非久居人下者，今所吟之句，飛騰之兆已見，不日可接履于云霓之上矣。可賀，可賀！"乃親斟一鬥為賀。雨村因幹過，嘆道：“非晚生酒後狂言，若論時尚之學，晚生也或可去充數沽名，衹是目今行囊路費一概無措，神京路遠，非賴賣字撰文即能到者。”士隱不待說完，便道：“兄何不早言。愚每有此心，但每遇兄時，兄並未談及，愚故未敢唐突。今既及此，愚雖不纔，‘義利’二字卻還識得。且喜明歲正當大比，兄宜作速入都，春闈一戰，方不負兄之所學也。其盤費餘事，弟自代為處置，亦不枉兄之謬識矣！"當下即命小童進去，速封五十兩白銀，並兩套鼕衣。又云：“十九日乃黃道之期，兄可即買舟西上，待雄飛高舉，明鼕再晤，豈非大快之事耶！"雨村收了銀衣，不過略謝一語，並不介意，仍是吃酒談笑。那天已交了三更，二人方散。士隱送雨村去後，回房一覺，直至紅日三竿方醒。因思昨夜之事，意欲再寫兩封薦書與雨村帶至神都，使雨村投謁個仕宦之傢為寄足之地。因使人過去請時，那傢人去了回來說：“和尚說，賈爺今日五鼓已進京去了，也曾留下話與和尚轉達老爺，說‘讀書人不在黃道黑道，總以事理為要，不及面辭了。’"士隱聽了，也衹得罷了。真是閑處光陰易過，倏忽又是元霄佳節矣。士隱命傢人霍啓抱了英蓮去看社火花燈，半夜中，霍啓因要小解，便將英蓮放在一傢門檻上坐着。待他小解完了來抱時，那有英蓮的蹤影？急得霍啓直尋了半夜，至天明不見，那霍啓也就不敢回來見主人，便逃往他鄉去了。那士隱夫婦，見女兒一夜不歸，便知有些不妥，再使幾人去尋找，回來皆云連音響皆無。夫妻二人，半世衹生此女，一旦失落，豈不思想，因此晝夜啼哭，幾乎不曾尋死。看看的一月，士隱先就得了一病，當時封氏孺人也因思女構疾，日日請醫療治。 不想這日三月十五，葫蘆廟中炸供，那些和尚不加小心，致使油鍋火逸，便燒着窗紙。此方人傢多用竹籬木壁者，大抵也因劫數，於是接二連三，牽五挂四，將一條街燒得如火焰山一般。彼時雖有軍民來救，那火已成了勢，如何救得下？直燒了一夜，方漸漸的熄去，也不知燒了幾傢。衹可憐甄傢在隔壁，早已燒成一片瓦礫場了。衹有他夫婦並幾個傢人的性命不曾傷了。急得士隱惟跌足長嘆而已。衹得與妻子商議，且到田莊上去安身。偏值近年水旱不收，鼠盜蜂起，無非搶田奪地，鼠竊狗偷，民不安生，因此官兵剿捕，難以安身。士隱衹得將田莊都折變了，便攜了妻子與兩個丫鬟投他嶽丈傢去。 他嶽丈名喚封肅，本貫大如州人氏，雖是務農，傢中都還殷實。今見女婿這等狼狽而來，心中便有些不樂。幸而士隱還有折變田地的銀子未曾用完，拿出來托他隨分就價薄置些須房地，為後日衣食之計。那封肅便半哄半賺，些須與他些薄田朽屋。士隱乃讀書之人，不慣生理稼穡等事，勉強支持了一二年，越覺窮了下去。封肅每見面時，便說些現成話，且人前人後又怨他們不善過活，衹一味好吃懶作等語。士隱知投人不着，心中未免悔恨，再兼上年驚唬，急忿怨痛，已有積傷，暮年之人，貧病交攻，竟漸漸的露出那下世的光景來。 可巧這日拄了拐杖掙挫到街前散散心時，忽見那邊來了一個跛足道人，瘋癲落脫，麻屣鶉衣，口內念着幾句言詞，道是： 世人都曉神仙好，惟有功名忘不了！ 古今將相在何方？荒塚一堆草沒了。 世人都曉神仙好，衹有金銀忘不了！ 終朝衹恨聚無多，及到多時眼閉了。 世人都曉神仙好，衹有姣妻忘不了！ 君生日日說恩情，君死又隨人去了。 世人都曉神仙好，衹有兒孫忘不了！ 癡心父母古來多，孝順兒孫誰見了？ 士隱聽了，便迎上來道：“你滿口說些什麽？衹聽見些‘好’‘了’‘好’‘了’。那道人笑道：“你若果聽見‘好’‘了’二字，還算你明白。可知世上萬般，好便是了，了便是好。若不了，便不好，若要好，須是了。我這歌兒，便名《好了歌》"士隱本是有宿慧的，一聞此言，心中早已徹悟。因笑道：“且住！待我將你這《好了歌》解註出來何如？"道人笑道：“你解，你解。”士隱乃說道： 陋室空堂，當年笏滿床，衰草枯楊，曾為歌舞場。蛛絲兒結滿雕梁，緑紗今又糊在蓬窗上。說什麽脂正濃、粉正香，如何兩鬢又成霜？昨日黃土隴頭送白骨，今宵紅燈帳底臥鴛鴦。金滿箱，銀滿箱，展眼乞丐人皆謗。正嘆他人命不長，那知自己歸來喪！訓有方，保不定日後作強梁。擇膏粱，誰承望流落在煙花巷！因嫌紗帽小，致使鎖枷杠，昨憐破襖寒，今嫌紫蟒長：亂烘烘你方唱罷我登場，反認他鄉是故鄉。甚荒唐，到頭來都是為他人作嫁衣裳！ 那瘋跛道人聽了，拍掌笑道：“解得切，解得切！"士隱便說一聲"走罷！"將道人肩上褡褳搶了過來背着，竟不回傢，同了瘋道人飄飄而去。當下烘動街坊，衆人當作一件新聞傳說。封氏聞得此信，哭個死去活來，衹得與父親商議，遣人各處訪尋，那討音信？無奈何，少不得依靠着他父母度日。幸而身邊還有兩個舊日的丫鬟伏侍，主僕三人，日夜作些針綫發賣，幫着父親用度。那封肅雖然日日抱怨，也無可奈何了。 這日，那甄傢大丫鬟在門前買綫，忽聽街上喝道之聲，衆人都說新太爺到任。丫鬟於是隱在門內看時，衹見軍牢快手，一對一對的過去，俄而大轎擡着一個烏帽猩袍的官府過去。丫鬟倒發了個怔，自思這官好面善，倒象在那裏見過的。於是進入房中，也就丟過不在心上。至晚間，正待歇息之時，忽聽一片聲打的門響，許多人亂嚷，說：“本府太爺差人來傳人問話。”封肅聽了，唬得目瞪口呆，不知有何禍事。


"Dream of Red Mansions" is written in the Qing Dynasty Qianlong's a Chapters classical novels, Former "The Story" "Love Monk recorded" "Treasure," "Twelve Beauties of Jinling," the four famous Chinese classical novels , called the "Comments On The Story." According to research, scholars generally think of are: Cao Xueqin. Reviewer: Dream. Approximately 80 existing back. As the original end of the loss, many continue to have released, according to statistics, "Dream of Red Mansions," continued the book up to 50 kinds of species. Renewal of the more famous Qing dynasty and Tongxing Ben Talented illustratedby who continued on the high E, etc., or order. Through this book of poems can be seen after the 40 back to substantially promote the renewal of superstitious karma, fate of the feudal nothingness toxin, a serious distortion of the novel to expose and criticize the reality of political and social mindset of the dark. High-E continued after 40 back, most of this with the first 80 chapters constitute a complete version of "Dream of Red Mansions" 【Author Description】 In the early 20th century, "Dream of Red Mansions original author who is" the issue has caused controversy over China's academic circles, the controversy still exists. Can be broadly divided into two, said: First, the Dream of Red Mansions, written by Cao Xueqin Cao Xueqin, a great writer in the Qing Dynasty in China, were stained (zhān), the word dream Nguyen, No. Xueqin, then No. Pu Qin, Qin Kai, native of Liaoyang, Liaoning Province, born 1724, died in 1764. The bloods and was originally a Han Chinese, Manchu is a white flag after coating (slaves). Cao Xi Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather, grandfather, Cao Yin, father of Cao Yong and Cao overlooking Jiangningzhizao 60 years have served as long as, well received by Emperor Kangxi specially trusted. Cao Xueqin grew up in wealth and splendor. Yongzheng dynasty, as the feudal ruling class implicated in the internal struggle, suffered a number of anti Cao Cao was dismissed overlooking the prison and family, not copied, his family moved back to Beijing, consist in from the wane. This turn to Cao Xueqin great inconstancy of human relationships, more conscious of the essence of the feudal social system. From then on he lived poor and he can draw poetry, good writing, perseverance and sense of purpose to engage in novel "Dream of Red Mansions" of the writing and revision, Piyue a decade, additions and deletions of five, wrote this to the Chinese classic novels Writing into the peak of literary masterpiece. "Dream of Red Mansions," with its rich content, the plot twists and turns, deep thinking and understanding, and superb artistic as the great classical Chinese novel work of realism. Qianlong 20 years (1762), son premature death, sorrow and grief over Cao Xueqin caught, to this year's New Year's Eve (February 1, 1764), died without a physician for the sick (the year of death on the CAO, the other Twenty eight years have Qianlong (1763) and 29 (1764) in two versions) (Cao died in 1763, is the Dream said: those who can Xie, Fang bitter tears, Ku Cheng book . Horse New Year's Eve, the book not yet finished, celery for the tears to make dies. I try to cry celery, tears will be doing), demeaning the expense of the Friends funding. In addition, contemporary or later with the Yuan Mei Cao, Yu Rui and others, and later in other people's notes, also have Cao Xueqin is "Red," the author's records. 1921, Hu published in "Dream of Red Mansions research," notes and Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty on the basis of family research to determine the Cao Xueqin as "Dream of Red Mansions," the author said from a set. The discovery of the Dream of fat later more strongly support this conclusion, but the problem is very much different from Dream of the contradiction between, A Dream is probably false. Second, the author of Dream someone else Although in recent years been a claim of "Dream of Red Mansions" by someone else, but all lack of evidence relied upon. 【Introduction】 story Jia Yucun in the highest imperial examination of any magistrate, be dismissed as greedy, to Salt's daughter Lin Lin Lin Ruhai school tutoring. Leather workers from participation in the capital complex. Asked Lin Ruhai seek Yuejia Rong Jia Yucun State Government to help: Lin Tai-yu mother died because of Jia's mother to take her is to go around. Lin Tai-yu to send it Togya Amemura Beijing. United States House and Rong Jia Yucun cases. And brother-in-Jia Zheng Lin Ruhai may help, too Renjin Ling Ying Tian. Daiyu jin young national government, in addition to his grandmother, but also met with great aunt, that is, the wife of Jia She Xing wife, two aunt, that is, Jia Zheng's wife Ms. Wang, a young niece of household management of Ms. Wang, Jia She, Jia's wife, the son of Wang Xifeng , and Chun, Tan Chun, Xichun and with Jade was born in yu. Bao Dai Er people first saw a familiar feeling, but the gem Meirutianxian cousin see her is because they hit their Magic Stone, gave rise to a slow. Ying Tian Jia Yucun sitting in the British Lotus abducted. Business for the Huang home buyers, Ms. Wang's sister, Aunt Xue Xue Pan's son. Although the fight Ying Lian Xue Pan killed the original buyer, but to decide cases Jia Yucun casually, put Xue Pan. Xue Pan and his mother, sister, also with chai wing national government to stay here. Ningguo plum blossom, the wife You Shi Jia Zhen Jia Mu, etc. Please Entertaining. Yu nap, living in the bedroom Qin Ke Jia Zhen daughter, sleepwalking fantasyland, see "Twelve Beauties of Jinling" map book, listen to play "Dream of Red Mansions" song, and the fairy Keqing cloud, wake up for nocturnal emission was found that the maid was very hot, two-place relations. Beijing officials have reduced dog king generations farming the countryside, because of ancestors Ms. Zeng Huowang, Xifeng her parents were together, they make my mother Grandma Liu Rong national government to look for Ms. Wang to play autumn. Wang Xifeng reception, to a 22 silver. Chai monk who was the first gift Jinsuo leprosy treatment, has been worn since. The Dream is said Daiyu taboo, often secretly ridiculed Bao Chai, warning gem. Jia Zhen Jia Jing father to give up the world level, Immortality School Road home. The date of his birthday, celebrated by Jia Zhen dinner at home. By Lin Ruhai sick, Jia Lian with her is to Suzhou, molested his cousin Jia Rui Feng's been all sorts of fun of Feng's death. Qin Ke died, Jia Zhen wanton luxury, not everything finest selection, also spent thousands of taels of silver for his son to donate Lung Wei ban for funeral scene. Funeral on the way, Xifeng covet 3200 silver, breaking lover, so that a pair of young men and women have swallowed their anger and suicide. Lin Ruhai death, Daiyu only resident Rong Fu. A kind of depend on others enveloped her bleak, often secretly tears, the body and more sick. Jia Zheng Yuan Chun eldest daughter was canonized Wei Fei, Emperor graciously grant such meetings. Wing national government in order to meet this ceremony, the construction of extravagant Grand View Garden, another acquisition actresses, nuns, Nvdao Shi, birth family, and the illness into the Buddhism of Miaoyu also into the Rong Fu. Lantern Festival night, Yuan Chun back to her parents stayed for a while, to gem and Zhongjie Mei Xian Shi. Daiyu wanted Exhibition Wizards, but ordered only for 1. Aroma Jiao Chen said that to leave the gem, deeply regret the gem requirements do not go very hot, very hot take the opportunity to advise yu reading "dry down to business." Bao-yu and Tai-yu Liangxiaowucai, feelingly. Because of a chai or other small things. Two often argue, constantly bickering in the deeper emotions. Baochai birthday singing, Sitting as Daiyu, Jia Mu granddaughter The Figure I quickly tell her mother, afraid of her is angry jade block, the results have angered two students gem gas. Yuan Chun Grand View Garden idle fear. Let the gem and Zhong Jiemei move there. Jin Park, the gem is more all day and these girls Sihun; Shu Tong to "The West Chamber" and other books to steal into the garden, gem, and with her is appreciated. This is a classic one back. Aunt Zhao Jia Zheng concubine by a son, brother Shu Jia Huan jealous jade jewelry and copy book fashion by missed prostrate candle burns gem, Ms. Wang cursed Aunt Zhao. Aunt Zhao has Shenhen Xifeng, then please Shi Ma Road, PO Nightmare magic, so Xifeng, gem of evil almost died. Leprosy monk, lame Taoist wipe psychic jade, save a good two. Daiyu melancholy, sad fallen flowers in late spring season, to bury them, known as the flower mound, and write "Enjoyed by." Yu maid Qingwen missed or bad fan, jade said she. She would contradict, Aroma advised, she satire, anger gem to be rid of her. To the cool night Qing Wen. Gem did she tear her fan to Bo laugh. Jade will be advised once Shi Xiangyun officials to talk about career, was jade dress down, and that darn Daiyu never say such words; happened to pass by her is to hear, deep hi intimate. Ms. Wang Jinchuan Er and Jade make fun of the maid was Mrs. Wang Tou Jing died out and was told Jia Zheng Jia Huan. Gem they make obedient princes like actor Jiang Yuhan, making Royal Highness came for. Jia Zheng furious, will yu play Pikairouzhan. Ms. Wang look very hot, asked her to report the situation at any time. And decided the future was very hot to the gem Zuoqie. Grand View Garden in idle, Tan Chun advocated the establishment of these societies. Yong Bai Haitang first Po Chai won the first prize; the second time for chrysanthemum poetry, Lin overwhelming crowd. Binary Granny Liu Rong national government, was Grandmother Jia know, they left her stay here. In the Grand View Garden Bai Yan, clean off her make fun of women; the pool of sophisticated woman also want to act this role. Granny Liu Jia Mu brings tour around Grand View Garden. Tsui Temple in the rope, Miaoyu hospitality Daiyu Bao Chai tea, yu have to benefit from them. Feng's birthday to celebrate, from Grandmother Jia, the molecules do everyone a seat. Feng's drinking too much, want to go home and rest, hit is seduced Pu Fu Jia Lian. Feng's crying. Forced Pufu hanging, Grandmother Jia Jia Lian forced to apologize to the Xifeng. Year to, the Founding Ningguo rent, give the number of amazing things, Jia Zhen also too few. As the New Year rapidly, and Xifeng miscarriage, not homemaker, will be by the Tan Chun Bao Chai, Li Wan, who coordinated members. Tan Chun as Aunt Zhao born, Aunt Zhao brother died, Tan Chun routinely more than giving money, a mother and daughter row. Tan Chun has implemented some reforms in the garden, the entire school staff management, both public and a number of property exchanges. Gave some benefit managers. Brief Analysis on Zijuan Daiyu maid is really about JiaBaoYu test, the hypothesis Daiyu to return to Suzhou, gem believe the incidence of mental disorders back and forth, thus, better known gem Daiyu psychological, everyone also thought that they will become happy marriage. Aunt Xue Daiyu also recognized as the godmother, Chai Dai Er people achieve the most harmonious relations between periods. Wing national government of contradictions. Jia Huan ringworm rub the gem Office to see the rose nitrate, like some, gem maid Fang Guan Jia Huan gave a number of jasmine powder. Aunt Zhao Department to row a gem. Fang Guan Lu gave her some roses Ganniang, raises her nephew to steal Poria Ganniang cream. A few things so much noise chaos, almost breaking the balance between the servant. While gem birthday feast, the Jia Jing swallow Dan died. You Shi state funeral busy. Please his mother and sister and Similarities, Third Sister to help. Jia Lian see beautiful sister, to be establishing another account, to steal home Fuwai. Jia Zhen old sister and not innocent, Jia Zhen want to muddy the waters, Jia Jia Zhen Lian are trying to play Third Sister. Third Sister is righteousness that will Zhen, Lian cursed, and said she had loved that beat Xue Pan in LIU Xiang-lian. Jia She, Jia send out work, Xue Pan Jia Lian Lu-yu, LIU Xiang-lian. Xue Pan case of robbery, was Liu rescue, two became brothers, Jia Lian Liu mentioned for the media, Liu promised. To the capital after the mother of Third Sister Liu first set gift exchange, chat Youshi a case of gem and suspicious, went to cable break off an engagement ceremony, Third Sister Suicide, Liu monks. Jia Lian Feng's aware of things to steal married, pretend virtuous. The second sister received into the House. Please Jia Mu and other promised. Jia Lian come back, because work is good, Jia She tours a concubine. Feng's swallowed by my hand to force the gold Similarities suicide. Coarse to maidservants carried to silly big sister in the garden embroidered with erotic art of the sachets, Ms. Wang was furious; in some egg on the next Pufu Grand Garden, Yingchun weak, let the maid is off; Tan Chun angry, the anger hits Pufu; Xichun then cut off between brother and sister in law. Mrs. Wang Qing Wen was out, have a gnawing regret death; yu do nothing, write "Lotus Dirge" sacrifice her. Xue Pan wife Xia Jingui, the greedy dowry maid Baochan beauty, Kim for the addition Xiangling, agreed. In the summer of instigation. Xue beat Xiangling, Aunt Xue allowed. Xia Jingui and grandmother noisy. Xue Pan can not be at home. Had to go out. (After the loss as the original, content-agnostic. Of the last century some scholars began to hint that under the existing 80 back to writing features, etc., began to explore the 80 back to the system after the plot, such as Yu Pingbo, Mr. Zhou Ruchang and the beam return intellect, Linguan Fu, Wang Meng, etc. .) Daquan】 【figure "Dream of Red Mansions" in what was the number of characters, Qi Jiang Qing Jiaqing statistics of 448 people. Early Years Blue on White Star made up a "Dream People spectrum," received a total of 721 people, who have their own biography, words of different lengths, this book has received, "Dream of Red Mansions" and described Twenty-three of ancient emperors, ancient 115 people, concubines 18 people, out women 20 persons, Fairy 20 persons, deities 47 people, stories, people figure 13, a total of 200 60 persons, each a little test of his life and legend. Connect the two together, and a total 980 persons. In recent years, when new statistics Xu Christine. Basic areas: reading process in the calendar year, the first to Gengchen Ben for a libretto, by returning to the names of material Zuocheng paragraph by paragraph notes, wide view of various family forms spectrum, cross-checking, the final classification of the figures. The statistics: (1) Ning Rong, two governments in this branch: male 16, female 11 people, Ning Rong, two governments, 31 were female dependents. (B) Jia The Family: Thirty-four men, eight women. (C) Jia Yin Ya: Fifty-two male, three female 40. (D) of the two government servants: maid 70 persons, Pufu 125 people, butler 67 people the servant 27 people. (5) royal figures: nine men, six women. Eunuch 27 people, seven maidens. (6) knighthoods People: Male 37 people, dependents 14 people. (7) official: the names and ranks were men and 26 crown last name of the person who is only 38 titles, three Clerks men. (8) Social People: The class hundred and two male, female 71 people. Fourteen male doctor, ten men and hangers. Actors male and six female 17 people. Monk Male 17 people, Nepalese woman 49 people. Even cases of four men, four women. (9) Aliens: Female duo. (10) Jing Huan Heaven: Female 19 people, men and six. Total: Male 495, female 480 people, total: 975 people. Including the names of 730 persons title, no title in the 240 names of three persons. When the most important is the "Legend" - Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue, a poem: "Merchants do not leave white gold for Malaysia for the Church; Metrical, 300, the house over a history of Nanking; the East China Sea the lack of white bed, the Dragon King to please Jinling Wang; harvest good snow, pearl gold, such as soil, such as iron. "feet were four of the rich. "Poetry and painting": hold Qin, Louise, paternity books and art. "Four Treasures": pearl, amber, glass, jade. Legend: Jia (Ning, Rong Ergong after), history (Book of Order after bowling designate), Wang (after all Qiu Bo rule counties), Xue (Lagerstroemia Toneri business after Wong) Jin Yuliang marriage: chai and other V The Figure and yu yu (gold unicorn) Engagement: yu and Lin Tai-yu 1, Jia Baoyu Yu is an odd hero has another popular figure. Constitute the main features of his character is rebellious. He acts "remote and perverse," the feudal society traitor. Cyril, his contempt for fame, do not want to take the "excellent learning official" career. He hated the "eight-legged essay" insulting an official who read the "traitor Lu Bookworms", called lazy to contact them. He does not like the so-called "serious book", but prefer to "miscellaneous books," love in "Peony Pavilion", "The Western Chamber." He also made a bold Neo doubts, that "In addition to the" Four Books ", the coined too much." This fully shows his feudal monarchy "inverse sub-Er Chen." He believes that "the fine mountains and sun and the moon shows, only minutes to the daughter of men, but some eyebrows Cloud foam waste it." Shocked the world in this Hai vulgar thought, the gem all day long, "including the curtain Si Hun," and the girls love and mercy, love their beauty, purity, filled with the angry, extraordinary intelligence, compassion, their misfortune, pity it will be cloudy and smelly married men lost their holy beauty. Yu Road: Women married before Pearl, married and died after loss of light into beads, and then it and the dirty old man with the flow, as Siyu Yan was. He even gave birth to a man for his body of which was irreversible regret. In the course of his life, the most important thing is, no doubt and Lin's love blossomed. This love, begins his rebellious spirit on the one hand, on the other hand led to his rebellious character of the final forming. This is the largest and most important of his life in the history of treason. Bao, Dai requires not only marriage, autonomy, and in love in a departure from the way of life in feudal society. They are farther and farther down the road of rebellion, and finally led to the tragedy two. Second, Lin Lin is a talented and character of the arrogant woman, "Alas stop Germany, Yong Xu misery only. Jade forest hanging, Jinzan snow buried in the" in "Ode to Xu was pitiful. Jade forest hanging", it is Her portrayal. Small loss of her parents, housed in Wing Nationalist government, while Jia Mu has added to her love, but because of lofty self-esteem personality, she often students "depend on others," the wound. She sentimental, often pay no attention to the little things for others rather sad tears. As depicted in the novel "Daiyu" scene, to highlight this point. Huakaihuaxie originally natural scene, but she thought this and vicissitudes of life, everything is uncertain. Flower and her sigh, her gem cited as the confidant, with the see "The West Chamber", and hopes for life in the gem body. She loves the gem, but found it difficult to 如願. So, she was trying to fight for his place but many failed and the Advantages and Disadvantages, An Qi was no between. Her inner world seems elusive, but often their exposure on the outside. If Stone "offend" her, she would get angry, tearful, even for him ill. The surface, so, in fact, still thinking of his heart, an excuse to see him. Gem of a disease, for which she was sad for it and weep. However, the feudal ethical code of moral constraint, she can not tell the truth, not their own, the final day in the Po Chai Chu Ge depressed died, did not the have their own wish. Third, Wang Xifeng Rong Fu, the there is a distinctive character, she is Wang Xifeng. Wang Xifeng's insidious indeed known as the Rong Fu, "Explorer", as if she was ever before, duplicity. She killed with deadly trap Jia Rui, another conspiracy Forcing Third Sister. She does not harsh in the end harm the family. Her personality is bold and vigorous, and the text is highlighted everywhere forget that day as her birthday, and Na Yinfu hard to help the old lady, enough to appear. But after all she is capable smart, Rong Fu had to her upper and lower size of the transaction the final say, and at meet Grandmother Jia, won the old lady's favor. It was so jealous. 4, Tan Chun Jia Tan, Jia Zheng's daughter - she did not fine her is pity, and no clever clever Baochai not Xiangyun lively, cheerful, and there Zhuo super talent, extraordinary wisdom, deep secluded views, great vision, those back in the 56th, "In addition to residential and disadvantages Hennessy Tan Chun Min, Yin Bao Chai Hsiao all general" in the wonderfully shown. Wang Xifeng bedridden due to illness, then by the Tan Chun Bao Chai, Li Zhi, who presided over the household during this period, Tan Chun see the size of the family accounts and found that the monthly payment of money to each room and issued to the overlap of the comprador and tried way out of the endowment, and Po Chai and others discuss. "years to rely on you to go where the girls chat with them, I discovered that they eat bamboo fish dishes, also packages a year, and year-end enough for two 100 taels of silver, from that day I learned that a broken leaf, a broken child is valuable grass-roots. "payment of money on things overlap and disadvantages in the Jia has long can a girl garden girl child not a man pointed out that a January 23 years, but never rely on us Tanchun be inspired, and contrast their own situation, and finally made good way, is it enough to see her competence and lean, and with the words now, is to analyze an integrated solution quality problems. Who blame Baochai said, "Barbara Gaoliang talk! You though is the daughter of the former do not know these things," then Baochai another joke like that, "You just do a couple of days and it was consumed by greed, to read all virtual Zhu. You go out, met with the pros and cons so big, even the more virtual the Confucius also see it. "Tan Chun Wen's remark, but in all seriousness replied," You such a learned person, Jing Mei Ji son saw the book, the day Jizi goes: "A Field of Paul Denley , shipments of the industry such as those poor words of Yao and Shun, Confucius and Mencius ... back ... "so some brilliant words, How can it be an ordinary daughter has said, non-political vision to carry on! 56th Chapters of Tan Chun, able to handle things a firm shows her super abilities Zhuo, and the Po Chai in the play made it raises her political views, really Jiaoren memorable, lovely! 5 Mansions Twelve Beauties of Jinling, one of Aunt Xue's daughter. She looks beautiful, musculoskeletal shiny, behavior creating tranquility amongst, on the surface seems to be the orthodox ladies of the model, but in fact she was quite cynical bones personality factor, she was critical of society have a strong spirit. For example, the "Dream of Red Mansions" at 38 back, she would be "crab Wing", and then those who ride roughshod over the official figures such as Jia Yucun and his ilk, for the sharp satire. And her own favorite lyrics, is actually a Indignation richest man in the rebel colors of the "gate • parasitic grass!" Due to the high of the misleading way, the red circle in understanding the character chai thinking long-term deviation from the actual situation. For example, the traditional view that the Servant "deep Ayutthaya, can win over the people, by Jia praise from top to bottom." But the fact is that in Cao Xueqin's pen, Po Chai precisely because his personality and offending parents! Such as the novel 22 back, Po Chai once a "more Hong mystery", attracted Jia Zheng greatly disappointing to think that the "little person for this expression, I find ominous thing that the longevity of the generation forever." 40 back, bring in Grandmother Jia Liu grandmother visited Grand Park, Bao Chai Heng-wu Court that "the main chamber" generally modest interior decoration, but also caused Jia Mu is much dissatisfaction, that is a very sweeping in front of relatives and her face. Grandmother Jia Bao-chai on one Zeyue "useless," the second Zeyue "not like", three Zeyue "taboo", 4 Zeyue "not very much children from the grid," Five Zeyue "our old woman, the more the dongmajuan went live. " - All uniformly negative evaluation. Later, "Wing State House Lantern Open Banquet," moments, his own beloved life of Jia Bao Qin, Xiangyun, Daiyu, gem four, and his master with sitting table, except how to Baochai squeezed to the main table of outside, with Wen-Li Qi generation sit together. There is no doubt these are from the front of Jia Bao Chai in the "favored" to "favor" an important symbol. If Baochai really "deep Ayutthaya, can win over people's hearts," Why would she fall into such a result? Can be seen in Cao Xueqin's original, the Po Chai is precisely what most bothered playing "shrewdness" in order to please the parents of the people! Precisely, Zhi for Chai, Dai wrote Poem of the reviews is the issue: "Bao Qing give birth in contempt of this, Dai Qing was actually less than one." Real sympathy for the weak, but then those in power, "disdain" This is the act of Baochai tone! Another view is also wrong unbearable. Namely that Baochai "keen on career economy", only "talk talk talk talk about career economy." On the contrary, just the gem Po Chai as officialdom was the most hate, hate to, represented by Jia Yucun this official figure! School official Baochai advised gem, but gem is to be able to master the power to destroy those "Lu Bookworms" only. As her "crab Wing" in call "wine is not the enemy fishy also use flowers, the cold set of anti-plot to be ginger." As Baochai on Gem plain speaking, her words also caused a gem once the misunderstanding that it is the so-called "bastard talk." But the mistake, after all misunderstanding, then read Bao Chai Baoyu's "crab Wing" and also could not help but be cynical to the idea of Baochai applauded and shouted "write happy!" Interestingly, by Jade as a "bastard words never said," and "friend" of the forest sister, then it really took time and again, "bastard words" to advise gem, warned him: "You may have changed from the strike, "" I advise you to change the temper strike. " Moreover, in dealing with the problem Jia Yucun, the gem, the attitude of her is almost contracting if the differences are! Bao, Dai similar between the near and the fact that much of the situation, something to do with gem, Bao Chai fact that seems distant and close to the situation, forming a reverse "contrast." For this book, Cao's confidant before his death - if the concept of Ming Dao Shi-dong fire. He (she) has long been noted that, in these life and values of choice, "Chai, Yu-shaped landscape than two nearly everyone, ... ... two away, really close to matter to too. To knit the brows children in gem like near the Zhiyi, far matter to have "," Yu Yuan Chai and nearly, nearly COSCO frown and jade, are critical two shares, not careless read! " Therefore, the gem and Daiyu seem to have common ideals and sense of fun, actually two ideas are diametrically opposed positions; gem and Po Chai seemingly no common vision and sense of fun, actually two choices are achieving the same! - Are based on the extreme indignation of society at that time! After the 40 back on high this is clearly distorted the original concept of Cao Xueqin, denied the original guide in Baochai Stone "enlightenment" of the major themes. Led later commentators on the outcome of Baochai says, are a series of misjudgments. This obviously is a great distortion of the original CAO, and blasphemy! 】 【Qing Bang Zhi comment is related to intelligence chart are: 1, Dragon double batch folder: Miao Qing appear. To this breakdown of 12 hairpin, together with the Jia Yan Xue Liner Guan four, six, seven Qin Ke Tian, Xi Feng, eight, nine Li Wan, now and again is only a ten Miaoyu carry on. The Figure and Xifeng after the daughter of Qiaojie were twelve children, Xueqin title called "The Twelve Beauties of Jinling" is the number of "Dream" 12 was intended. After Bao Qin, Xiu Yan, Wen-Li Qi are Peiqia also, "Dream of Red Mansions" in the so-called second hairpin is also deputy. Also there are broken words, deputy register 3 Qing Wen, very hot, Xiangling three, I did not much and, to the Jinchuan, Yu Chuan, mandarin ducks, Miao Yun (Note: the book is not met with the person thinks it is the clouds? ), flat children, who no doubt carry on. Goes without saying that the viewer can see, it need not cost more than ink. 2, Dragon Meipi: Miaoyu the world outside can not, so writing with a pen, wonderful very proper! Abnormal Wat. 3, Dragon Meipi: Department cited 12 hairpin is not always true, may all be too diffuse. To the back end of Jing Huan Qing Bang realized that the Deputy, then deputy and 34 aromatic taboo. Horse spring season. Abnormal Wat. (Note: The first comment is approved should the Dream, the latter two as abnormal Wat old man.) 】 【Artistic achievement "Dream of Red Mansions" is the history of Chinese fiction is not beyond the peak. "Encyclopedia of China," commented, Dream estimated value of how not too. "Encyclopedia" commented, "Dream of Red Mansions" is equal to the value of a whole of Europe. 1, Mao Zedong, "Dream of Red Mansions" Evaluation and opinion: 2, China has three were novel, "Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin" and "Dream of Red Mansions," who do not read these three novels, not Chinese! 3, do not read five times, "Dream of Red Mansions", no need for comment. 4, Grand Garden yu's lifeblood is tied around the collar of a stone, the KMT's lifeblood is its army, how good you say "protection", or despite "protection" and not "really" mean? Second, Lu Xun, "Dream of Red Mansions" Evaluation and opinion: 1, "Dream of Red Mansions" is many people know, at least, is aware of the names of the book. Who is the author and continued by Let us not dwell on, just the life meaning, on account of the reader's eye and there are various: the scribes saw the "easy" moralists see prostitution, Wets see lingering, revolutionaries saw booked, gossip home to see Gong Wei Confidential ... ... in my immediate gem, but saw he saw many of the deaths; justify more great anguish when a loved one, because the world, unfortunately, many people. However, monks and others, taking a look at life, too little joy little anxious about obstruction. But monks who have nothing but love vs escape road, and Po Wang has finally become a monk, the same stingy. 2, "written the book, although not outside the sorrows and joys of love, and everything of the tracks, but the accident figures, then get rid of old sets, and very different from the earlier of the human novel. ... ... Lid are described in the True, learned by experience the smell , because of realism, turn into a new. ... ... "(" History of Chinese Fiction ") 3, Qi order of the sequence: I have heard two songs Jiangshouju tree, I heard in the throat, I heard in the nose; Huang 2 slips, left wrist to Kai, right wrist to grass. God has also almost Technology, Wu Wei opinion also. This is almost two songs without distinction, nose and throat, two slips almost no area left, I heard the two songs are also single-handedly have the two slips, this must not have things, can not get the odd, but actually was the "Stone "a book. Hee! Different carry on. Fu Hua Yan deposited algae and shows off the previous words and no one set pattern, the inherent purpose Dramas, regardless of non-theory; the first concept in mind and express their Implication on the hands, while he wrote this note, watched and waved, like Tactful which is, like you and prostitution, such as the Spring and Autumn Annals are critical of, as many historians writing technique. 11 Reading and Interpretation of the test: writing boudoir is also extremely Yong Su, and Yan Ye have nothing but a piece carry on; shaped valve also read the whole great abundance, while the decline has surplus eyelashes carry on; written gem of obscene and crazy too, and passionate Shan Wu, Lixia not reduced Langya; write Daiyu of jealousy and pointed also, and deep affection for deep pity, as good as Sang-e stone female. He painted such as copy jade hairpin Kanaya, Characterization of Ru Xiang ozero, extravagant extravagant Yan few to give a heart rendering Shenyi men, and the desire of its single word of indecent obscene, can not have too. Cover soon as sound only, hands only one hand, and Yinyizhenjing, sorrow joy, as good as two-pronged tube also. Eh! Different carry on. The Scots book of anecdotes of the blindness in the left and moved almost rot? However I have two opinions on that, as readers with a bent. Analogy of painting, stone has three sides, good office, but a peak; Road to see the two Xi, quiet office not more than one tree. Must be intended to read a book, is to be on purpose micro. Such as catching Moon Water, just pour Kiyoteru; rain smallpox, but the smell aroma, Shu was outside the strings sound almost the book? Is, or to not see the whole as the hate, I do not know is the success or failure of the loop, nothing but magic bubble million Yuan, of eye well-intentioned, is no longer necessary for transfer language, but millions of understanding, then with numerous Ci Hangyi. Mulberry leaf carved Yan He complacent view of those who with a few open-book and Wu Xi! Homophonic】 【character name Many people in the name of the book and its harmonics has a special meaning, or irony, or sigh, one for the art of Lou. Zhi's approval indicate some hidden meaning. Chen Shi Yin - true, hidden Zhenying Lian - really should pity Fok Kai - from disaster Jia Yucun - fake language survival Jiao Xing - lucky Feng Yuan - every injustice Qin Ke - Love can be light, amiable situation (two kinds of statement) Qin Zhong - Love species Jane Light - dipping Bu solid repair - regardless of shame Bo Shiren - not people Wu Tang - No Star arbitrage Stone fool - real fool Yuan Chun, Chun, Tan Chun, Xichun - should have a sigh JIA Hua - lie One recruit Jen - good at deceiving Pendant - crime children Indigo children - children mat Wearing the right - power Zhang Youshi - Zhang emergency Qin Industry - Qing Nie Xiao Xiangguan - scent Museum Lei Hong Yuan - Leaving resentment Heng-wu Hospital - missed the hate Yan Qing Lane - Lane human Ten Mile Street - forces Street Yihong - Heritage Red resentment Green Peduncle peak - peak conditions root Jia Zheng, Jia Jing - cannot Jiang Yuhan - the jade with Flower Aroma - who spent Xi Jia Wang Xue History - Family History Wangxue Jia - leave the government 【Theme】 As this monumental work by several stories of large spindle made of many small interspersed, so on the "Dream" theme, has never been a unified statement, but the most important of which are yu and Lin Tai-yu and Servant of between Love and Marriage, some people think that this masterpiece is a nobility in the description of traditional Chinese life, corruption and decadence. There are many book on Buddhism, Taoism, Confucian thought, the myth of color-rich, and the book reflects the prevailing political propriety, social life, economic and cultural development, and even clothes to wear, food diets, building pavilions, journey line sedan and so level. Sequels】 【Main "Dream of Red Mansions" written more for the continued renewal of the for mink, we can study it as a phenomenon. Sequels are mainly: 1, "Red Dream" Synonyms: drawing Jinling; 12 hairpin after the transfer Back: 30, from 120 back to continue from Analysis: Pro Heshan Editions: Jiaqing 19 edition written in red Qiang Court; Dalian City Library Collection 2, "Red Shadow" Back: 24, from 120 back to continue from Analysis: Gu Chun Editions: Guangxu type printed poly Jane Hall, Liaoning Province, library 3, "Red dream" Synonyms: dream Romance Back: 24, from 97 back to continue from Study: Flowers on idiot Editions: Sparse, fast Editions Daoguang 20 years, Liaoning Province, library 4, "Yee House re-dream" Synonyms: Red continued dream; mirage love dream; new Dream of Red Mansions Back number: 48, from 120 back to continue from Analysis: Wang Lan isle Editions: Editions for the first four years of the Park Man disabilities Jiaqing Syria this, not seen the original book, the only remaining titles. Earlier Editions existing Jiaqing years for the Swedish Church of the condensate. Peking University library. 5, "added Dream of Red Mansions" Synonyms: fill Stone Back number: 48, from 120 back to continue from Of: Lang Wan Shan Qiao Editions: Editions Jiaqing twenty-five years, Beijing Normal University Library 6, "Dream up" Synonyms: Red companion Back number: 48, from 97 back to continue from Study: children go hoe Editions: Goto Jiaqing spent twenty-four years of precious Editions, Hong Kong, Fung Ping Shan University library 7, "added Dream of Red Mansions" Synonyms: Qin continued Dream Back: 30, from 97 back to continue from Author: Qin Zichen Editions: Jiaqing hold four urns Landmark Editions, Liaoning Province, library 8, "Red True Dream" Synonyms: Stone fill Back number: 64, from 120 back to continue from Study: while Yun Guo Editions: Republic of India and type of the twenty-nine families, Liaoning Province, library 9, "Dream of the Red House compound" Back: 100, from 120 back to continue from Author: Chen Shaohai Editions: Jiaqing four Editions, possession of the Royal Asiatic Society 10, "added New Dream of Red Mansions" Synonyms: continued Dream; by Dream; added to Dream; Red re-dream; sea continued Dream Back: 40, from 120 back to continue from Study: Sea nursery owner Editions: Jiaqing years Wenxiu MING, Tianjin Normal University Library 11, "continued Hundred" Synonyms: continued Dream Back: 20, from 120 back to continue from Of: Zhang Yao Sun Editions: This book is not the final volume of the script nine, Zhou Shaoliang possession 】 【Xiehouyu 1, the Grand Garden cry Jia Mu - each have their own grief 2, yu maid - hi (attacks) were 3, Wang Xifeng killed Similarities - harden hand poison 4 Granny Liu out of Grand View Garden - a rewarding experience 5, Liu strange, feminine Park - dazzling 6, Lin Daiyu - sighed Ming Bao 7, yu live in a small Westinghouse - where to say where 8, is the white flag of Cao Xueqin - real individual Back to the original pre-80: 9, arm sleeves folded to Tibet - from the cover hardship (7 back Jiao Da) 10, show from the sidelines - get all of its profits (section 16 back to Wang Xifeng) 11, by the sword to kill - without a trace (16 back to Wang Xifeng) 12, cited in the wind the fire - not much effort (16 back to Wang Xifeng) 13, Station dry shore - do not stick things (wet) (16 back to Wang Xifeng) 14, pushed oil bottles are not helping - home of the lazy (16 back to Wang Xifeng) 15, dog bites Dongbin - Bushihaodai (No. 25 back to Choi Ha) 16 miles take a long shelf - not a ghost of the feast (No. 26 back to ruby) 17, Zhangba Menorah - photo see other people, according to not see their own (19 back Limo Mo) 18, Ying Huang grasped the kite's foot - the buckle of the ring (No. 30 back to Wang Xifeng) 19, gold hairpin in the well - have you only have your (first 30 back Jinchuan) Of 20, camel traders Nine - everywhere touting (46 back to mandarin) 21, Huizong eagle, Zhao Ziang horse - all good things (painting) children (46 back to mandarin) 22, Imperial Irrigation pox children's syrup children - it is full of pleasant event (46 back to mandarin) 23, Cork wood pan hammers - outside, inside decent bitter (back to Jia Zhen 53) 24, deaf placed firecrackers - scattered (54 back to Wang Xifeng) 25, Meixiang sworn brothers - all I (No. 60 back to Fang Guan) 26 mice and Laogua go for grain storage - with no guarding, fly are (Chapter 61 of Liu's) 27, water under the Zamian - you eat what I see (No. 65 back to Third Sister) 28, see the Son of man carrying a video game play - good and evil do not puncture the skin's paper (No. 65 back to Third Sister) 29, rat tail single sitting - how much pus and blood children (Article 68 back to Wang Xifeng) 30, top left true spirit of trabecular bone - scared to death (Article 68 back to Wang Xifeng) 31, saw the mouth sub-gourd - not articulate (No. 68 back to Wang Xifeng) 32, green onion mixed with tofu - clear the innocent white (No. 74 back to Ms. Wang) 33, could be his head made into a hat - can not be a bit redundant (No. 75 back to mandarin) Continuation of the last forty chapters: 34, ran out of the camel herd in coming - just you on the big (88 back to Grandmother Jia) 35, with her bare bones, meat - are equivocal (section 88 of the return of Wang Xifeng) 36, scorched the tail a little child - and non-repeatable (No. 117 back to everyone) 【Information】 Television First the "Dream of Red Mansions" is the story of Mei Lanfang the big screen. Autumn 1924, China Film Company will perform the five Peking opera Mei Lanfang fragment, shooting film into a two-long drama short, among them "Daiyu." 1927 film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Lu Jianfang yu - Lu Jianfen. This is truly the first "Dream" film and television works, its structure is very clever to Granny Liu is the main line of the play structure, rather point the "postmodern" means. Shanghai Fudan Pictures. 1929, Xia Peizhen, Yin Pearl, Yan Yuexian edition film "Dream of Red Mansions." Shanghai Peacock Pictures 1936 audio feature film, Li Xuefang, Feng Xia soul version of "Daiyu." Shanghai Dahua Pictures 1939, Gulan Jun, Mei Hay, White Rainbow Edition "row Ning Wang Xifeng State government." Shanghai Xinhua Pictures 1942, "Dream of Red Mansions." False "in the UN" Pictures 1944 film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Zhou Xuan yu - Yuan Meiyun chai - the ocean mountain at this time is in a golden age of Chinese cinema, actors are extremely popular at that time a big star. Shanghai Kunlun company 1951 words Huizhu, Lin Mo I, Lu Shan version of "Red House 2 in particular." Shanghai Cathay Pacific Pictures In 1952, Li Lihua, Yan Jun, Juan-juan edition "new Dream of Red Mansions." Director: Yue Feng, Hong Kong Great Wall Pictures 1962, Tongzhi Ling, Wang Xichun Edition "Third Sister" (Peking Opera). Shanghai Film Studio 1962 Hong Kong film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Music Tidjane gem - Ren Jie. 1962, Shaoxing opera film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Jane Wang yu - Xu Yulan. Unfortunately, due to political reasons, this film out on a film banned, and until the 80's when the ban. 1975 Hong Kong Wireless Edition TV "Dream": Lin - Liza yu - Wu Weiguo. It is worth mentioning that the film has a utility man in the yard became superstars, he is playing Jiang Yuhan's Chow Yun-Fat. Good as the version of the 1977 Hong Kong TV "Dream": Lin - Teresa Mo yu - WU Wei-guo chai - Michelle. 1977 Hong Kong film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Sylvia Chang yu - Lin Ching-chai - Michelle. Shaw Brothers studios in Hong Kong 1977 Hong Kong film "dream of red chamber": Lin - Cecilia yu - Leslie Cheung. This is Leslie's first film, is also a three piece. Siyuan film companies in Hong Kong In 1978, Dreams of eroticism, thinking, "Dream of Red Mansions." Director: Mudun Pei, Hong Kong's Shaw Brothers film company (nature of the above) 1978 Hong Kong film "Dream of Red Mansions": Lin - Zhou Zhiming yu - Ling Po. 1989 North Shadow Edition film "Dream": yu - yu Tao Huimin - Xiaqin chai - Fu Yiwei Wang Xifeng - Liu Xiaoqing. This is our familiar version, which used to be a number of Golden Rooster Award, and now occasionally found it in the radiator movie channels. In 1996, the bell of the decorative gem Wei, Chang Yu-yen decorated Daiyu, 73 episode of "Dream of Red Mansions." Director unknown, Taiwan and China, as the film company 2002, 30 sets Shaoxing TV series "Dream of Red Mansions." Zhejiang Sheng Wenlian Zhejiang Great Wall Pictures Taken in 2007 to plan new TV series "Dream of Red Mansions", and in Beijing and Taiwan, the "Red Man" large-scale draft, yu, yu, Servant of three roles played by those who will eventually be elected, the public have a many disputes, widely considered unlikely to exceed old rookie. New Dream shot, the main cast is as follows: * Yu (adult): Yang Yang - People's Liberation Army Institute of the Arts dance majors. * Chai (adult): Bai Bing - Bai Bing Bao Chai group from the third draft, became the candidates are printed Baochai. * Jia Yuanchun: Lin He - He Lin Zeng Yin Yang Yang starred in the director's "Holding Hands" won the China TV Golden Eagle Award. * Jia Yingchun: Zhang Di - in the film "Falling Leaves" with Uncle Zhao on the show, starred in shrewish sister salon. * Jia Tan: Ding Li - Representatives: "True Life." * Jia Xichun: Xu row - no data. * The Figure: Maxiao Can - No data. * Miaoyu: Gao Yang - represents the work: "Valentines Day gift," "pure Love," "brothers." * Li Wan: Chi Wah King - Representatives: "Liu Hulan", "16 year-old young", "cricket prime minister", "Red Alert." * Qiaojie: Liman Jia - No information. * Qin Ke: A Philippine Tang - representative: "Chasing Love Story", "darkness bride"; mv: "wolf dressed in sheep's clothing." * Yu (Junior): in Xiaotong - from the Beijing Dance Academy, he was in the Movie "Mei Lanfang" Mei Lanfang, who played small. * Lin (Junior): Jiangmeng Jie - Jiang Mengjie professional ballet from the Beijing Dance Academy. * Chai (Junior): Li Qin - Li Qin is the Shanghai Opera School students, is a rare 20-year Kunqu Inner door once seedling. * Jia Mu: Zhou Caiqin - Zhoucai Qin Zhou Xinfang Peking opera master's daughter, has been seven years old and graduated from the Royal Academy of Drama. * Ms. Wang: Gua Ah-lei - Ms. Wang was second only to the play the role of middle-aged Jia Mu. Li Shao said: Gua Ah-lei is the chosen one. * Mrs. Xing: Wang Fuli - Mrs. Xing called "embarrassing", she really is kind of embarrassing to others to make their own people. Liu, Granny: Ye beautiful jade - Granny Liu did not read the book but the extraordinary courage. Mix farmers can enter the Jia Liu grandmother can probably only when this task. * Aunt Xue: Gong Lijun - chai sent to Beijing to be elected, throughout the book, is a foil for the more important figure. * You Shi: Janie - You Shi, Jia Zhen's wife. Although the state government headed Ning grandmother, but no real power, he had no talent. * Jia Lian: Wang Longhua - Wang Longhua Central Theatre Academy, has appeared in more than drama. * Qin Zhong: Shi Jinyu - No data. * LIU Xiang-lian: Xu Yao -1984 was born, height 180 cm, Shanghai Theatre Academy. * Xue Pan: Wang Peng - Representative: "Find Romance on Lushan Mountain." Production Team General Producer: Han Sanping - chairman and general manager of China Film Group. Executive producer: The spring festival - producer, founder of Wing Cinda film. General Director: Li Shao - the fifth generation of Chinese film directors on behalf of women. Photography: Ping has been studying - the 26th Golden Rooster Award for Best Cinematography Award winner. Art Direction: Tim Yip - Best Costume Design Oscar winner. The verdict】 【Dream 正册 verdict 1, Lin and Xue Bao-chai Painting: 2 dead wood, wood on the hanging of a Circuit jade; another pile of snow, snow an Jinzan. Verdict: Alas stop Germany, Yong Xu misery only. Jade forest hanging, Jinzan buried in snow. 2, Jia Yuanchun Painting: a bow, bow hanging from the citron. Verdict: two decades distinguish right from wrong, Liuhua prescribed according to Gong Wei. 3 spring competition and early spring landscape, Tiger Meet SI dream go. 3, Jia Tan Painting: Two fly a kite, a sea, a ship, boat, there is a woman, face veiled Qiti the like. Verdict: it from the Qing Ming Chi haughty, born end of the world transport partial cancellation. Wang Ching Ming Chui send river, a thousand miles east of a dream away. 4, The Figure Painting: wisp Fei, a Bay PASSING. Judgments: how rich is? Between the parents against the infant; show oblique eye hanging Hui Xiang River water died Chu Yunfei. 5, Miaoyu Painting: a jade, fell into Nigou. Verdict: For cleaning ever clean, empty cloud may not be empty. Kim Ok poor quality, the final settlement mud mud. 6, Jia Yingchun Painting: a wolf chasing a beautiful flapping - For the meaning of taste. Verdict: Son Department of Liaocheng, Dezhi be rampant. Jin Gui venereal quality, set to go to a yellow beam. 7, Jia Xichun Painting: a temple, which has a beauty, including the look by sitting alone. Judgments: the great passage 3 Harukage not long Ziyi Dayton makeup changed in those years. Poor households Hou door embroidered women, single bedroom lamp in Buddha next. 8, Wang Xifeng Painting: a tip of the mountain there is a female phoenix. Ruling: side from the end of the world where birds come, they know love this life only. A three wood from the second order, to cry even more grief to the Nanking incident. 9, Jia Qiaojie Painting: 1 Deserted Amazing stories, there is a beauty in there spinning. Verdict: Potential lost off the Yunnan-Guizhou, home of pro-death MO. Even for economic Liu, Qiao was met benefactor. 10, Li Wan Painting: Maolan pot, next to a phoenix coronet Xiapei beauty. Verdict: Tao Li finished spring knot rewards with who like a pot of orchids? Empty ice water jealous as well, really regrettable to joke with others. 11, Qin Ke Picture: high-rise buildings, there is a beauty cantilever hanging. Verdict: Love day Qinghai magic feeling body, the situation will not only meet, the main prostitution; Man Yan Rong unscrupulous are out, making Wuhan as it is rather the beginning. Vice-book ruling 12, Xiangling Painting: 1 Osmanthus, following a pond, where water, dried mud dry, dry lotus lotus failure. Judgments: a lotus root and stem Hong, portraying his life is indeed a wound. Since the two students Gu Mu, causing Lake of Scented Soul return home. Also, Deputy Book verdict 13, Qingwen Painting: Another non-person, nor landscape, but ink-dyed Full of dark cloud Weng fog only. Verdict: Come on Ji, Choi fugitive. Heart sky high, as pariahs. Merry smart complained of. Shouyao more students for defamation, passionate son of empty Qian Nian. 14, Hua Xiren Picture: a bunch of flowers, a broken seat. Verdict: Wang Zi soft rolls, empty cloud like Guiru Lan. Worthy of envy Actors blessed, behold son missed. 【Music】 Dream 14 1, "Dream of Red Mansions primer" Open Hong Meng, Who Love species? Only for the Romantic Everlasting. Taking advantage of this is regrettable that day, sad day, solitude, the trial removal Yu Zhong. Therefore, the performance that Huai Yu Jin Mourning the "Dream of Red Mansions." 2, "wrong life" All Road is Jinyu Liang marriage, I just read Engagement. Space in front, Crystal Hermit snow; finally forgotten, lonely world outside Xian Shu Lin. Sigh human, fly in the ointment this side letter. Even if the case is Qimei held, in the end means it hard. 3, "Drawn Brows" One is Langzhong Court cents Pa, one is flawless jade. If that did not Romance, this life he was sympathetic Crackdown; if that there Romance, how empty his mind of the end? 1 Wang Zi sigh Yeah, an empty labor care. One is in the water, one is Jing Zhonghua. Tears to the eyes, the number of children, how to flow through autumn and winter was spring and summer flow! 4, "Hate Uncertainty" Hi splendor just hate it to impermanence. Stand and to throw everything wide. Rendering of time, the consumption of the concluding episode. Hope home, road mountains high. Therefore, compared to the father and mother to find a dream warning: child life has been into the deaths, Tianlun Oh, have to withdraw early setbacks! 5, "sub-flesh" Yifan storm Road 3000, Let's throw home to flesh flash. Fear loss of their old age tears, told father and mother, the children break suspense. Since ancient times, Qiong Tong has a certain predetermination, clutch Qi miss? From now on, in two places, their security and peace. Slave to have, MO implicated. 6, "Music of Sadness" Infancy, parental sigh sometimes both. Longitudinal home that Qi Luo Cong, behold pampered? Fortunately born, IH generous in scope in the amount of children, never mind an affair a little rayon. Good Yi Si, Ji-Yao Yu-tang wind moonlight. Account, easier in the allocation of beauty and talent cents Lang, won a Forever and Ever, quasi-fold as rough shape when young. Will end in the clouds scattered Gaotang, water, dry the Xiang River. It is this world in the number fluctuation should be, why is really regrettable that sad! 7, "the world tolerate this," Temperament Mei Lan, Fu talent than cents. Tian Gu Pi everyone rare. You Drive is the topic to popular taste of meat, as Qi Luo customs tired, but I do not know too much more jealous person, over the world with clean too. Alas this, the old lamp in the ancient temple will; unworthy, pink Zhu Louchun color Lanna. In the end, is still against the wish of eolian dirty. Good Yisi, flawless white jade was mud depression; then why Wang Sun Gongzi sigh missed. 8, "hi enemies" Liaocheng, merciless beast, it does not read the root causes of the day. Monotonous Jiaoshe sensuality huan marry. Longingly that, the quality with the Pu-liu Yan Hou door; spoil, and public government daughter seems obscene. Sigh 芳魂 Yan soul, a swing a lengthy set. 9, "Flowers of Understanding" The three will see through the spring, pink Liulv be how? Fighting off this Shaohua, seek that light days. What to say, the sky yao Tao Sheng, Xing Rui cloud over; the end, who endure the fall? The Look, Poplar villagers whine, Seifu forest ghost warble. Even take forward, groaning Cuicao cover the grave. It is this rich, poor and hard work yesterday, Chun-Rong Qiu Shabana torture. Like so, students who could hide stolen off dead? Wen said, the West Fangbao Shu call dancing, the knot with Changsheng Guo. 10, "smart tired" Tricks too much, forget his tail. Heart has been broken before his death, after death of ethereal. Rather rich family, who scattered the dead end of a home, Pentium. No purpose, meaning Xuan Xuan Half a Heart; good Yisi, finishes a lengthy three-shift dream. La La like building suddenly dumping, faint Cancan like light will do. Yeah! A joy suddenly Sadness. Sigh into the world, and eventually set! 11, "left Yuqing" Stay Yuqing, stay Yuqing, Hu Yu benefactor; Fortunately Niangqin Fortunately Niangqin, plot was really unfair. Advised life, the poor and needy of helping the poor. Love of money off it like I forgot to flesh and blood of the ruthless uncle evil brother! Is the multiplication and division addition and subtraction, there is the sky. 12, "Late Shaohua" Kindness of the glass, and more nakan dream fame! Then go to the U.S. Shaohua He Xun! Hugh again mention Xiuzhangyuanqin. Only the crown with beads, Phi phoenix jacket, it arrived not impermanent life. Although, the life Mo by old and poor, children and grandchildren also have Yin Zhi product. In high spirits wearing Zanying; Guangcan Can chest hanging golden seal; Weihe He Peerage and Gordon; faint Cancan Death's Road near. Asked since ancient times to phase can also exist? Only in name children and future generations respect and admiration. 13, "good end" Liang Chun-Xiang Chen to do off the draw. Good at style, Ping-month outlook, that is, the fundamental lag behind the others. Carried on decadent fall are from the King, the crime family rather die first. Su Nie General Affections. 14, "ending the cast forest birds" Official, the family business withered; rich, and gold and silver cleared; have grace, and survived; relentless, clearly retribution; less life, and life has also; less tears, tears have done. Retribution is hardly light, separating polymer are pre-set. For the short life asked past lives, old rich are really lucky. See through, and fled to the Buddhism; obsessed, Wang Song of life. Fresh investment to make a bird good Yisi forest, down a piece vast expanse of land really clean! Dream of Red Mansions was much 【】 "Dream of Red Mansions" Results from the dream in a dream, a dream the surface of the actual writing is not a dream, then write it in the end how many dreams? According to statistics, the book is written big and small dreams of 32, first 80 of the 20 dreams, 12, after 40 write-back dream. In addition to the "Dream of Red Mansions" and "laugh" and "cry" also has statistics, the description laughing 173 times, of which Wang Xifeng banter 21. Description cry 260 times, 40 of which Lin cry. Dream of Dreams (first 80) 【Song "Stone"】 Music: Liu Yida Words: Mike / Chan Siu Kei / Zuni Icosahedron Sing: Tat Ming Pair Look all over the cold wind and snow and gradually clearing thick Soaked shoes you wear Road Look over the far Aoyama blowing Feixuruoliu Wasting disease has been drunk alone Heard all over the world that transitory man ethereal melodies to send Solo chaos clothing coming from the people As one might discard the thoughts as true virtual Re drifting deep nosocomial dreams Wholeheartedly to students with drinking and alcohol related knot How can we know that laughter Yancangleiyin The slightest bit of calculation Chosen to be significantly different from Beating around the bush Bonds of this world turned into paragraphs Chaos of a wedding Spring Night Unforgettable change linked True or otherwise Noted the joys and sorrows of resentment was originally fraud (See all colors of the Hong) 【"Dream of Red Mansions" version】 1, Awake 2, The Spring of the 3, Gengchen Ben 4 out possession of the 5, 6 Qi of the Mongolian government of the seven, Jiachen the 8, Ji You the nine, Cheng possession of the 10, Jing of the 11 and 36 of the Hashimoto chu 12-way high in this
CHAPTER I. Chen Shih-yin, in a vision, apprehends perception and spirituality. Chia Yue-ts'un, in the (windy and dusty) world, cherishes fond thoughts of a beautiful maiden. This is the opening section; this the first chapter. Subsequent to the visions of a dream which he had, on some previous occasion, experienced, the writer personally relates, he designedly concealed the true circumstances, and borrowed the attributes of perception and spirituality to relate this story of the Record of the Stone. With this purpose, he made use of such designations as Chen Shih-yin (truth under the garb of fiction) and the like. What are, however, the events recorded in this work? Who are the dramatis personae? Wearied with the drudgery experienced of late in the world, the author speaking for himself, goes on to explain, with the lack of success which attended every single concern, I suddenly bethought myself of the womankind of past ages. Passing one by one under a minute scrutiny, I felt that in action and in lore, one and all were far above me; that in spite of the majesty of my manliness, I could not, in point of fact, compare with these characters of the gentle sex. And my shame forsooth then knew no bounds; while regret, on the other hand, was of no avail, as there was not even a remote possibility of a day of remedy. On this very day it was that I became desirous to compile, in a connected form, for publication throughout the world, with a view to (universal) information, how that I bear inexorable and manifold retribution; inasmuch as what time, by the sustenance of the benevolence of Heaven, and the virtue of my ancestors, my apparel was rich and fine, and as what days my fare was savory and sumptuous, I disregarded the bounty of education and nurture of father and mother, and paid no heed to the virtue of precept and injunction of teachers and friends, with the result that I incurred the punishment, of failure recently in the least trifle, and the reckless waste of half my lifetime. There have been meanwhile, generation after generation, those in the inner chambers, the whole mass of whom could not, on any account, be, through my influence, allowed to fall into extinction, in order that I, unfilial as I have been, may have the means to screen my own shortcomings. Hence it is that the thatched shed, with bamboo mat windows, the bed of tow and the stove of brick, which are at present my share, are not sufficient to deter me from carrying out the fixed purpose of my mind. And could I, furthermore, confront the morning breeze, the evening moon, the willows by the steps and the flowers in the courtyard, methinks these would moisten to a greater degree my mortal pen with ink; but though I lack culture and erudition, what harm is there, however, in employing fiction and unrecondite language to give utterance to the merits of these characters? And were I also able to induce the inmates of the inner chamber to understand and diffuse them, could I besides break the weariness of even so much as a single moment, or could I open the eyes of my contemporaries, will it not forsooth prove a boon? This consideration has led to the usage of such names as Chia Yue-ts'un and other similar appellations. More than any in these pages have been employed such words as dreams and visions; but these dreams constitute the main argument of this work, and combine, furthermore, the design of giving a word of warning to my readers. Reader, can you suggest whence the story begins? The narration may border on the limits of incoherency and triviality, but it possesses considerable zest. But to begin. The Empress Nue Wo, (the goddess of works,) in fashioning blocks of stones, for the repair of the heavens, prepared, at the Ta Huang Hills and Wu Ch'i cave, 36,501 blocks of rough stone, each twelve chang in height, and twenty-four chang square. Of these stones, the Empress Wo only used 36,500; so that one single block remained over and above, without being turned to any account. This was cast down the Ch'ing Keng peak. This stone, strange to say, after having undergone a process of refinement, attained a nature of efficiency, and could, by its innate powers, set itself into motion and was able to expand and to contract. When it became aware that the whole number of blocks had been made use of to repair the heavens, that it alone had been destitute of the necessary properties and had been unfit to attain selection, it forthwith felt within itself vexation and shame, and day and night, it gave way to anguish and sorrow. One day, while it lamented its lot, it suddenly caught sight, at a great distance, of a Buddhist bonze and of a Taoist priest coming towards that direction. Their appearance was uncommon, their easy manner remarkable. When they drew near this Ch'ing Keng peak, they sat on the ground to rest, and began to converse. But on noticing the block newly-polished and brilliantly clear, which had moreover contracted in dimensions, and become no larger than the pendant of a fan, they were greatly filled with admiration. The Buddhist priest picked it up, and laid it in the palm of his hand. "Your appearance," he said laughingly, "may well declare you to be a supernatural object, but as you lack any inherent quality it is necessary to inscribe a few characters on you, so that every one who shall see you may at once recognise you to be a remarkable thing. And subsequently, when you will be taken into a country where honour and affluence will reign, into a family cultured in mind and of official status, in a land where flowers and trees shall flourish with luxuriance, in a town of refinement, renown and glory; when you once will have been there..." The stone listened with intense delight. "What characters may I ask," it consequently inquired, "will you inscribe? and what place will I be taken to? pray, pray explain to me in lucid terms." "You mustn't be inquisitive," the bonze replied, with a smile, "in days to come you'll certainly understand everything." Having concluded these words, he forthwith put the stone in his sleeve, and proceeded leisurely on his journey, in company with the Taoist priest. Whither, however, he took the stone, is not divulged. Nor can it be known how many centuries and ages elapsed, before a Taoist priest, K'ung K'ung by name, passed, during his researches after the eternal reason and his quest after immortality, by these Ta Huang Hills, Wu Ch'i cave and Ch'ing Keng Peak. Suddenly perceiving a large block of stone, on the surface of which the traces of characters giving, in a connected form, the various incidents of its fate, could be clearly deciphered, K'ung K'ung examined them from first to last. They, in fact, explained how that this block of worthless stone had originally been devoid of the properties essential for the repairs to the heavens, how it would be transmuted into human form and introduced by Mang Mang the High Lord, and Miao Miao, the Divine, into the world of mortals, and how it would be led over the other bank (across the San Sara). On the surface, the record of the spot where it would fall, the place of its birth, as well as various family trifles and trivial love affairs of young ladies, verses, odes, speeches and enigmas was still complete; but the name of the dynasty and the year of the reign were obliterated, and could not be ascertained. On the obverse, were also the following enigmatical verses: Lacking in virtues meet the azure skies to mend, In vain the mortal world full many a year I wend, Of a former and after life these facts that be, Who will for a tradition strange record for me? K'ung K'ung, the Taoist, having pondered over these lines for a while, became aware that this stone had a history of some kind. "Brother stone," he forthwith said, addressing the stone, "the concerns of past days recorded on you possess, according to your own account, a considerable amount of interest, and have been for this reason inscribed, with the intent of soliciting generations to hand them down as remarkable occurrences. But in my own opinion, they lack, in the first place, any data by means of which to establish the name of the Emperor and the year of his reign; and, in the second place, these constitute no record of any excellent policy, adopted by any high worthies or high loyal statesmen, in the government of the state, or in the rule of public morals. The contents simply treat of a certain number of maidens, of exceptional character; either of their love affairs or infatuations, or of their small deserts or insignificant talents; and were I to transcribe the whole collection of them, they would, nevertheless, not be estimated as a book of any exceptional worth." "Sir Priest," the stone replied with assurance, "why are you so excessively dull? The dynasties recorded in the rustic histories, which have been written from age to age, have, I am fain to think, invariably assumed, under false pretences, the mere nomenclature of the Han and T'ang dynasties. They differ from the events inscribed on my block, which do not borrow this customary practice, but, being based on my own experiences and natural feelings, present, on the contrary, a novel and unique character. Besides, in the pages of these rustic histories, either the aspersions upon sovereigns and statesmen, or the strictures upon individuals, their wives, and their daughters, or the deeds of licentiousness and violence are too numerous to be computed. Indeed, there is one more kind of loose literature, the wantonness and pollution in which work most easy havoc upon youth. "As regards the works, in which the characters of scholars and beauties is delineated their allusions are again repeatedly of Wen Chuen, their theme in every page of Tzu Chien; a thousand volumes present no diversity; and a thousand characters are but a counterpart of each other. What is more, these works, throughout all their pages, cannot help bordering on extreme licence. The authors, however, had no other object in view than to give utterance to a few sentimental odes and elegant ballads of their own, and for this reason they have fictitiously invented the names and surnames of both men and women, and necessarily introduced, in addition, some low characters, who should, like a buffoon in a play, create some excitement in the plot. "Still more loathsome is a kind of pedantic and profligate literature, perfectly devoid of all natural sentiment, full of self-contradictions; and, in fact, the contrast to those maidens in my work, whom I have, during half my lifetime, seen with my own eyes and heard with my own ears. And though I will not presume to estimate them as superior to the heroes and heroines in the works of former ages, yet the perusal of the motives and issues of their experiences, may likewise afford matter sufficient to banish dulness, and to break the spell of melancholy. "As regards the several stanzas of doggerel verse, they may too evoke such laughter as to compel the reader to blurt out the rice, and to spurt out the wine. "In these pages, the scenes depicting the anguish of separation, the bliss of reunion, and the fortunes of prosperity and of adversity are all, in every detail, true to human nature, and I have not taken upon myself to make the slightest addition, or alteration, which might lead to the perversion of the truth. "My only object has been that men may, after a drinking bout, or after they wake from sleep or when in need of relaxation from the pressure of business, take up this light literature, and not only expunge the traces of antiquated books, and obtain a new kind of distraction, but that they may also lay by a long life as well as energy and strength; for it bears no point of similarity to those works, whose designs are false, whose course is immoral. Now, Sir Priest, what are your views on the subject?" K'ung K'ung having pondered for a while over the words, to which he had listened intently, re-perused, throughout, this record of the stone; and finding that the general purport consisted of nought else than a treatise on love, and likewise of an accurate transcription of facts, without the least taint of profligacy injurious to the times, he thereupon copied the contents, from beginning to end, to the intent of charging the world to hand them down as a strange story. Hence it was that K'ung K'ung, the Taoist, in consequence of his perception, (in his state of) abstraction, of passion, the generation, from this passion, of voluptuousness, the transmission of this voluptuousness into passion, and the apprehension, by means of passion, of its unreality, forthwith altered his name for that of "Ch'ing Tseng" (the Voluptuous Bonze), and changed the title of "the Memoir of a Stone" (Shih-t'ou-chi,) for that of "Ch'ing Tseng Lu," The Record of the Voluptuous Bonze; while K'ung Mei-chi of Tung Lu gave it the name of "Feng Yueeh Pao Chien," "The Precious Mirror of Voluptuousness." In later years, owing to the devotion by Tsao Hsueeh-ch'in in the Tao Hung study, of ten years to the perusal and revision of the work, the additions and modifications effected by him five times, the affix of an index and the division into periods and chapters, the book was again entitled "Chin Ling Shih Erh Ch'ai," "The Twelve Maidens of Chin Ling." A stanza was furthermore composed for the purpose. This then, and no other, is the origin of the Record of the Stone. The poet says appositely:-- Pages full of silly litter, Tears a handful sour and bitter; All a fool the author hold, But their zest who can unfold? You have now understood the causes which brought about the Record of the Stone, but as you are not, as yet, aware what characters are depicted, and what circumstances are related on the surface of the block, reader, please lend an ear to the narrative on the stone, which runs as follows:-- In old days, the land in the South East lay low. In this South-East part of the world, was situated a walled town, Ku Su by name. Within the walls a locality, called the Ch'ang Men, was more than all others throughout the mortal world, the centre, which held the second, if not the first place for fashion and life. Beyond this Ch'ang Men was a street called Shih-li-chieh (Ten _Li_ street); in this street a lane, the Jen Ch'ing lane (Humanity and Purity); and in this lane stood an old temple, which on account of its diminutive dimensions, was called, by general consent, the Gourd temple. Next door to this temple lived the family of a district official, Chen by surname, Fei by name, and Shih-yin by style. His wife, nee Feng, possessed a worthy and virtuous disposition, and had a clear perception of moral propriety and good conduct. This family, though not in actual possession of excessive affluence and honours, was, nevertheless, in their district, conceded to be a clan of well-to-do standing. As this Chen Shih-yin was of a contented and unambitious frame of mind, and entertained no hankering after any official distinction, but day after day of his life took delight in gazing at flowers, planting bamboos, sipping his wine and conning poetical works, he was in fact, in the indulgence of these pursuits, as happy as a supernatural being. One thing alone marred his happiness. He had lived over half a century and had, as yet, no male offspring around his knees. He had one only child, a daughter, whose infant name was Ying Lien. She was just three years of age. On a long summer day, on which the heat had been intense, Shih-yin sat leisurely in his library. Feeling his hand tired, he dropped the book he held, leant his head on a teapoy, and fell asleep. Of a sudden, while in this state of unconsciousness, it seemed as if he had betaken himself on foot to some spot or other whither he could not discriminate. Unexpectedly he espied, in the opposite direction, two priests coming towards him: the one a Buddhist, the other a Taoist. As they advanced they kept up the conversation in which they were engaged. "Whither do you purpose taking the object you have brought away?" he heard the Taoist inquire. To this question the Buddhist replied with a smile: "Set your mind at ease," he said; "there's now in maturity a plot of a general character involving mundane pleasures, which will presently come to a denouement. The whole number of the votaries of voluptuousness have, as yet, not been quickened or entered the world, and I mean to avail myself of this occasion to introduce this object among their number, so as to give it a chance to go through the span of human existence." "The votaries of voluptuousness of these days will naturally have again to endure the ills of life during their course through the mortal world," the Taoist remarked; "but when, I wonder, will they spring into existence? and in what place will they descend?" "The account of these circumstances," the bonze ventured to reply, "is enough to make you laugh! They amount to this: there existed in the west, on the bank of the Ling (spiritual) river, by the side of the San Sheng (thrice-born) stone, a blade of the Chiang Chu (purple pearl) grass. At about the same time it was that the block of stone was, consequent upon its rejection by the goddess of works, also left to ramble and wander to its own gratification, and to roam about at pleasure to every and any place. One day it came within the precincts of the Ching Huan (Monitory Vision) Fairy; and this Fairy, cognizant of the fact that this stone had a history, detained it, therefore, to reside at the Ch'ih Hsia (purple clouds) palace, and apportioned to it the duties of attendant on Shen Ying, a fairy of the Ch'ih Hsia palace. "This stone would, however, often stroll along the banks of the Ling river, and having at the sight of the blade of spiritual grass been filled with admiration, it, day by day, moistened its roots with sweet dew. This purple pearl grass, at the outset, tarried for months and years; but being at a later period imbued with the essence and luxuriance of heaven and earth, and having incessantly received the moisture and nurture of the sweet dew, divested itself, in course of time, of the form of a grass; assuming, in lieu, a human nature, which gradually became perfected into the person of a girl. "Every day she was wont to wander beyond the confines of the Li Hen (divested animosities) heavens. When hungry she fed on the Pi Ch'ing (hidden love) fruit--when thirsty she drank the Kuan ch'ou (discharged sorrows,) water. Having, however, up to this time, not shewn her gratitude for the virtue of nurture lavished upon her, the result was but natural that she should resolve in her heart upon a constant and incessant purpose to make suitable acknowledgment. "I have been," she would often commune within herself, "the recipient of the gracious bounty of rain and dew, but I possess no such water as was lavished upon me to repay it! But should it ever descend into the world in the form of a human being, I will also betake myself thither, along with it; and if I can only have the means of making restitution to it, with the tears of a whole lifetime, I may be able to make adequate return." "This resolution it is that will evolve the descent into the world of so many pleasure-bound spirits of retribution and the experience of fantastic destinies; and this crimson pearl blade will also be among the number. The stone still lies in its original place, and why should not you and I take it along before the tribunal of the Monitory Vision Fairy, and place on its behalf its name on record, so that it should descend into the world, in company with these spirits of passion, and bring this plot to an issue?" "It is indeed ridiculous," interposed the Taoist. "Never before have I heard even the very mention of restitution by means of tears! Why should not you and I avail ourselves of this opportunity to likewise go down into the world? and if successful in effecting the salvation of a few of them, will it not be a work meritorious and virtuous?" "This proposal," remarked the Buddhist, "is quite in harmony with my own views. Come along then with me to the palace of the Monitory Vision Fairy, and let us deliver up this good-for-nothing object, and have done with it! And when the company of pleasure-bound spirits of wrath descend into human existence, you and I can then enter the world. Half of them have already fallen into the dusty universe, but the whole number of them have not, as yet, come together." "Such being the case," the Taoist acquiesced, "I am ready to follow you, whenever you please to go." But to return to Chen Shih-yin. Having heard every one of these words distinctly, he could not refrain from forthwith stepping forward and paying homage. "My spiritual lords," he said, as he smiled, "accept my obeisance." The Buddhist and Taoist priests lost no time in responding to the compliment, and they exchanged the usual salutations. "My spiritual lords," Shih-yin continued; "I have just heard the conversation that passed between you, on causes and effects, a conversation the like of which few mortals have forsooth listened to; but your younger brother is sluggish of intellect, and cannot lucidly fathom the import! Yet could this dulness and simplicity be graciously dispelled, your younger brother may, by listening minutely, with undefiled ear and careful attention, to a certain degree be aroused to a sense of understanding; and what is more, possibly find the means of escaping the anguish of sinking down into Hades." The two spirits smiled, "The conversation," they added, "refers to the primordial scheme and cannot be divulged before the proper season; but, when the time comes, mind do not forget us two, and you will readily be able to escape from the fiery furnace." Shih-yin, after this reply, felt it difficult to make any further inquiries. "The primordial scheme," he however remarked smiling, "cannot, of course, be divulged; but what manner of thing, I wonder, is the good-for-nothing object you alluded to a short while back? May I not be allowed to judge for myself?" "This object about which you ask," the Buddhist Bonze responded, "is intended, I may tell you, by fate to be just glanced at by you." With these words he produced it, and handed it over to Shih-yin. Shih-yin received it. On scrutiny he found it, in fact, to be a beautiful gem, so lustrous and so clear that the traces of characters on the surface were distinctly visible. The characters inscribed consisted of the four "T'ung Ling Pao Yue," "Precious Gem of Spiritual Perception." On the obverse, were also several columns of minute words, which he was just in the act of looking at intently, when the Buddhist at once expostulated. "We have already reached," he exclaimed, "the confines of vision." Snatching it violently out of his hands, he walked away with the Taoist, under a lofty stone portal, on the face of which appeared in large type the four characters: "T'ai Hsue Huan Ching," "The Visionary limits of the Great Void." On each side was a scroll with the lines: When falsehood stands for truth, truth likewise becomes false, Where naught be made to aught, aught changes into naught. Shih-yin meant also to follow them on the other side, but, as he was about to make one step forward, he suddenly heard a crash, just as if the mountains had fallen into ruins, and the earth sunk into destruction. As Shih-yin uttered a loud shout, he looked with strained eye; but all he could see was the fiery sun shining, with glowing rays, while the banana leaves drooped their heads. By that time, half of the circumstances connected with the dream he had had, had already slipped from his memory. He also noticed a nurse coming towards him with Ying Lien in her arms. To Shih-yin's eyes his daughter appeared even more beautiful, such a bright gem, so precious, and so lovable. Forthwith stretching out his arms, he took her over, and, as he held her in his embrace, he coaxed her to play with him for a while; after which he brought her up to the street to see the great stir occasioned by the procession that was going past. He was about to come in, when he caught sight of two priests, one a Taoist, the other a Buddhist, coming hither from the opposite direction. The Buddhist had a head covered with mange, and went barefooted. The Taoist had a limping foot, and his hair was all dishevelled. Like maniacs, they jostled along, chattering and laughing as they drew near. As soon as they reached Shih-yin's door, and they perceived him with Ying Lien in his arms, the Bonze began to weep aloud. Turning towards Shih-yin, he said to him: "My good Sir, why need you carry in your embrace this living but luckless thing, which will involve father and mother in trouble?" These words did not escape Shih-yin's ear; but persuaded that they amounted to raving talk, he paid no heed whatever to the bonze. "Part with her and give her to me," the Buddhist still went on to say. Shih-yin could not restrain his annoyance; and hastily pressing his daughter closer to him, he was intent upon going in, when the bonze pointed his hand at him, and burst out in a loud fit of laughter. He then gave utterance to the four lines that follow: You indulge your tender daughter and are laughed at as inane; Vain you face the snow, oh mirror! for it will evanescent wane, When the festival of lanterns is gone by, guard 'gainst your doom, 'Tis what time the flames will kindle, and the fire will consume. Shih-yin understood distinctly the full import of what he heard; but his heart was still full of conjectures. He was about to inquire who and what they were, when he heard the Taoist remark,--"You and I cannot speed together; let us now part company, and each of us will be then able to go after his own business. After the lapse of three ages, I shall be at the Pei Mang mount, waiting for you; and we can, after our reunion, betake ourselves to the Visionary Confines of the Great Void, there to cancel the name of the stone from the records." "Excellent! first rate!" exclaimed the Bonze. And at the conclusion of these words, the two men parted, each going his own way, and no trace was again seen of them. "These two men," Shih-yin then pondered within his heart, "must have had many experiences, and I ought really to have made more inquiries of them; but at this juncture to indulge in regret is anyhow too late." While Shih-yin gave way to these foolish reflections, he suddenly noticed the arrival of a penniless scholar, Chia by surname, Hua by name, Shih-fei by style and Yue-ts'un by nickname, who had taken up his quarters in the Gourd temple next door. This Chia Yue-ts'un was originally a denizen of Hu-Chow, and was also of literary and official parentage, but as he was born of the youngest stock, and the possessions of his paternal and maternal ancestors were completely exhausted, and his parents and relatives were dead, he remained the sole and only survivor; and, as he found his residence in his native place of no avail, he therefore entered the capital in search of that reputation, which would enable him to put the family estate on a proper standing. He had arrived at this place since the year before last, and had, what is more, lived all along in very straitened circumstances. He had made the temple his temporary quarters, and earned a living by daily occupying himself in composing documents and writing letters for customers. Thus it was that Shih-yin had been in constant relations with him. As soon as Yue-ts'un perceived Shih-yin, he lost no time in saluting him. "My worthy Sir," he observed with a forced smile; "how is it you are leaning against the door and looking out? Is there perchance any news astir in the streets, or in the public places?" "None whatever," replied Shih-yin, as he returned the smile. "Just a while back, my young daughter was in sobs, and I coaxed her out here to amuse her. I am just now without anything whatever to attend to, so that, dear brother Chia, you come just in the nick of time. Please walk into my mean abode, and let us endeavour, in each other's company, to while away this long summer day." After he had made this remark, he bade a servant take his daughter in, while he, hand-in-hand with Yue-ts'un, walked into the library, where a young page served tea. They had hardly exchanged a few sentences, when one of the household came in, in flying haste, to announce that Mr. Yen had come to pay a visit. Shih-yin at once stood up. "Pray excuse my rudeness," he remarked apologetically, "but do sit down; I shall shortly rejoin you, and enjoy the pleasure of your society." "My dear Sir," answered Yue-ts'un, as he got up, also in a conceding way, "suit your own convenience. I've often had the honour of being your guest, and what will it matter if I wait a little?" While these apologies were yet being spoken, Shih-yin had already walked out into the front parlour. During his absence, Yue-ts'un occupied himself in turning over the pages of some poetical work to dispel ennui, when suddenly he heard, outside the window, a woman's cough. Yue-ts'un hurriedly got up and looked out. He saw at a glance that it was a servant girl engaged in picking flowers. Her deportment was out of the common; her eyes so bright, her eyebrows so well defined. Though not a perfect beauty, she possessed nevertheless charms sufficient to arouse the feelings. Yue-ts'un unwittingly gazed at her with fixed eye. This waiting-maid, belonging to the Chen family, had done picking flowers, and was on the point of going in, when she of a sudden raised her eyes and became aware of the presence of some person inside the window, whose head-gear consisted of a turban in tatters, while his clothes were the worse for wear. But in spite of his poverty, he was naturally endowed with a round waist, a broad back, a fat face, a square mouth; added to this, his eyebrows were swordlike, his eyes resembled stars, his nose was straight, his cheeks square. This servant girl turned away in a hurry and made her escape. "This man so burly and strong," she communed within herself, "yet at the same time got up in such poor attire, must, I expect, be no one else than the man, whose name is Chia Yue-ts'un or such like, time after time referred to by my master, and to whom he has repeatedly wished to give a helping hand, but has failed to find a favourable opportunity. And as related to our family there is no connexion or friend in such straits, I feel certain it cannot be any other person than he. Strange to say, my master has further remarked that this man will, for a certainty, not always continue in such a state of destitution." As she indulged in this train of thought, she could not restrain herself from turning her head round once or twice. When Yue-ts'un perceived that she had looked back, he readily interpreted it as a sign that in her heart her thoughts had been of him, and he was frantic with irrepressible joy. "This girl," he mused, "is, no doubt, keen-eyed and eminently shrewd, and one in this world who has seen through me." The servant youth, after a short time, came into the room; and when Yue-ts'un made inquiries and found out from him that the guests in the front parlour had been detained to dinner, he could not very well wait any longer, and promptly walked away down a side passage and out of a back door. When the guests had taken their leave, Shih-yin did not go back to rejoin Yue-ts'un, as he had come to know that he had already left. In time the mid-autumn festivities drew near; and Shih-yin, after the family banquet was over, had a separate table laid in the library, and crossed over, in the moonlight, as far as the temple and invited Yue-ts'un to come round. The fact is that Yue-ts'un, ever since the day on which he had seen the girl of the Chen family turn twice round to glance at him, flattered himself that she was friendly disposed towards him, and incessantly fostered fond thoughts of her in his heart. And on this day, which happened to be the mid-autumn feast, he could not, as he gazed at the moon, refrain from cherishing her remembrance. Hence it was that he gave vent to these pentameter verses: Alas! not yet divined my lifelong wish, And anguish ceaseless comes upon anguish I came, and sad at heart, my brow I frowned; She went, and oft her head to look turned round. Facing the breeze, her shadow she doth watch, Who's meet this moonlight night with her to match? The lustrous rays if they my wish but read Would soon alight upon her beauteous head! Yue-ts'un having, after this recitation, recalled again to mind how that throughout his lifetime his literary attainments had had an adverse fate and not met with an opportunity (of reaping distinction), went on to rub his brow, and as he raised his eyes to the skies, he heaved a deep sigh and once more intoned a couplet aloud: The gem in the cask a high price it seeks, The pin in the case to take wing it waits. As luck would have it, Shih-yin was at the moment approaching, and upon hearing the lines, he said with a smile: "My dear Yue-ts'un, really your attainments are of no ordinary capacity." Yue-ts'un lost no time in smiling and replying. "It would be presumption in my part to think so," he observed. "I was simply at random humming a few verses composed by former writers, and what reason is there to laud me to such an excessive degree? To what, my dear Sir, do I owe the pleasure of your visit?" he went on to inquire. "Tonight," replied Shih-yin, "is the mid-autumn feast, generally known as the full-moon festival; and as I could not help thinking that living, as you my worthy brother are, as a mere stranger in this Buddhist temple, you could not but experience the feeling of loneliness. I have, for the express purpose, prepared a small entertainment, and will be pleased if you will come to my mean abode to have a glass of wine. But I wonder whether you will entertain favourably my modest invitation?" Yue-ts'un, after listening to the proposal, put forward no refusal of any sort; but remarked complacently: "Being the recipient of such marked attention, how can I presume to repel your generous consideration?" As he gave expression to these words, he walked off there and then, in company with Shih-yin, and came over once again into the court in front of the library. In a few minutes, tea was over. The cups and dishes had been laid from an early hour, and needless to say the wines were luscious; the fare sumptuous. The two friends took their seats. At first they leisurely replenished their glasses, and quietly sipped their wine; but as, little by little, they entered into conversation, their good cheer grew more genial, and unawares the glasses began to fly round, and the cups to be exchanged. At this very hour, in every house of the neighbourhood, sounded the fife and lute, while the inmates indulged in music and singing. Above head, the orb of the radiant moon shone with an all-pervading splendour, and with a steady lustrous light, while the two friends, as their exuberance increased, drained their cups dry so soon as they reached their lips. Yue-ts'un, at this stage of the collation, was considerably under the influence of wine, and the vehemence of his high spirits was irrepressible. As he gazed at the moon, he fostered thoughts, to which he gave vent by the recital of a double couplet. 'Tis what time three meets five, Selene is a globe! Her pure rays fill the court, the jadelike rails enrobe! Lo! in the heavens her disk to view doth now arise, And in the earth below to gaze men lift their eyes. "Excellent!" cried Shih-yin with a loud voice, after he had heard these lines; "I have repeatedly maintained that it was impossible for you to remain long inferior to any, and now the verses you have recited are a prognostic of your rapid advancement. Already it is evident that, before long, you will extend your footsteps far above the clouds! I must congratulate you! I must congratulate you! Let me, with my own hands, pour a glass of wine to pay you my compliments." Yue-ts'un drained the cup. "What I am about to say," he explained as he suddenly heaved a sigh, "is not the maudlin talk of a man under the effects of wine. As far as the subjects at present set in the examinations go, I could, perchance, also have well been able to enter the list, and to send in my name as a candidate; but I have, just now, no means whatever to make provision for luggage and for travelling expenses. The distance too to Shen Ching is a long one, and I could not depend upon the sale of papers or the composition of essays to find the means of getting there." Shih-yin gave him no time to conclude. "Why did you not speak about this sooner?" he interposed with haste. "I have long entertained this suspicion; but as, whenever I met you, this conversation was never broached, I did not presume to make myself officious. But if such be the state of affairs just now, I lack, I admit, literary qualification, but on the two subjects of friendly spirit and pecuniary means, I have, nevertheless, some experience. Moreover, I rejoice that next year is just the season for the triennial examinations, and you should start for the capital with all despatch; and in the tripos next spring, you will, by carrying the prize, be able to do justice to the proficiency you can boast of. As regards the travelling expenses and the other items, the provision of everything necessary for you by my own self will again not render nugatory your mean acquaintance with me." Forthwith, he directed a servant lad to go and pack up at once fifty taels of pure silver and two suits of winter clothes. "The nineteenth," he continued, "is a propitious day, and you should lose no time in hiring a boat and starting on your journey westwards. And when, by your eminent talents, you shall have soared high to a lofty position, and we meet again next winter, will not the occasion be extremely felicitous?" Yue-ts'un accepted the money and clothes with but scanty expression of gratitude. In fact, he paid no thought whatever to the gifts, but went on, again drinking his wine, as he chattered and laughed. It was only when the third watch of that day had already struck that the two friends parted company; and Shih-yin, after seeing Yue-ts'un off, retired to his room and slept, with one sleep all through, never waking until the sun was well up in the skies. Remembering the occurrence of the previous night, he meant to write a couple of letters of recommendation for Yue-ts'un to take along with him to the capital, to enable him, after handing them over at the mansions of certain officials, to find some place as a temporary home. He accordingly despatched a servant to ask him to come round, but the man returned and reported that from what the bonze said, "Mr. Chia had started on his journey to the capital, at the fifth watch of that very morning, that he had also left a message with the bonze to deliver to you, Sir, to the effect that men of letters paid no heed to lucky or unlucky days, that the sole consideration with them was the nature of the matter in hand, and that he could find no time to come round in person and bid good-bye." Shih-yin after hearing this message had no alternative but to banish the subject from his thoughts. In comfortable circumstances, time indeed goes by with easy stride. Soon drew near also the happy festival of the 15th of the 1st moon, and Shih-yin told a servant Huo Ch'i to take Ying Lien to see the sacrificial fires and flowery lanterns. About the middle of the night, Huo Ch'i was hard pressed, and he forthwith set Ying Lien down on the doorstep of a certain house. When he felt relieved, he came back to take her up, but failed to find anywhere any trace of Ying Lien. In a terrible plight, Huo Ch'i prosecuted his search throughout half the night; but even by the dawn of day, he had not discovered any clue of her whereabouts. Huo Ch'i, lacking, on the other hand, the courage to go back and face his master, promptly made his escape to his native village. Shih-yin--in fact, the husband as well as the wife--seeing that their child had not come home during the whole night, readily concluded that some mishap must have befallen her. Hastily they despatched several servants to go in search of her, but one and all returned to report that there was neither vestige nor tidings of her. This couple had only had this child, and this at the meridian of their life, so that her sudden disappearance plunged them in such great distress that day and night they mourned her loss to such a point as to well nigh pay no heed to their very lives. A month in no time went by. Shih-yin was the first to fall ill, and his wife, Dame Feng, likewise, by dint of fretting for her daughter, was also prostrated with sickness. The doctor was, day after day, sent for, and the oracle consulted by means of divination. Little did any one think that on this day, being the 15th of the 3rd moon, while the sacrificial oblations were being prepared in the Hu Lu temple, a pan with oil would have caught fire, through the want of care on the part of the bonze, and that in a short time the flames would have consumed the paper pasted on the windows. Among the natives of this district bamboo fences and wooden partitions were in general use, and these too proved a source of calamity so ordained by fate (to consummate this decree). With promptness (the fire) extended to two buildings, then enveloped three, then dragged four (into ruin), and then spread to five houses, until the whole street was in a blaze, resembling the flames of a volcano. Though both the military and the people at once ran to the rescue, the fire had already assumed a serious hold, so that it was impossible for them to afford any effective assistance for its suppression. It blazed away straight through the night, before it was extinguished, and consumed, there is in fact no saying how many dwelling houses. Anyhow, pitiful to relate, the Chen house, situated as it was next door to the temple, was, at an early part of the evening, reduced to a heap of tiles and bricks; and nothing but the lives of that couple and several inmates of the family did not sustain any injuries. Shih-yin was in despair, but all he could do was to stamp his feet and heave deep sighs. After consulting with his wife, they betook themselves to a farm of theirs, where they took up their quarters temporarily. But as it happened that water had of late years been scarce, and no crops been reaped, robbers and thieves had sprung up like bees, and though the Government troops were bent upon their capture, it was anyhow difficult to settle down quietly on the farm. He therefore had no other resource than to convert, at a loss, the whole of his property into money, and to take his wife and two servant girls and come over for shelter to the house of his father-in-law. His father-in-law, Feng Su, by name, was a native of Ta Ju Chou. Although only a labourer, he was nevertheless in easy circumstances at home. When he on this occasion saw his son-in-law come to him in such distress, he forthwith felt at heart considerable displeasure. Fortunately Shih-yin had still in his possession the money derived from the unprofitable realization of his property, so that he produced and handed it to his father-in-law, commissioning him to purchase, whenever a suitable opportunity presented itself, a house and land as a provision for food and raiment against days to come. This Feng Su, however, only expended the half of the sum, and pocketed the other half, merely acquiring for him some fallow land and a dilapidated house. Shih-yin being, on the other hand, a man of books and with no experience in matters connected with business and with sowing and reaping, subsisted, by hook and by crook, for about a year or two, when he became more impoverished. In his presence, Feng Su would readily give vent to specious utterances, while, with others, and behind his back, he on the contrary expressed his indignation against his improvidence in his mode of living, and against his sole delight of eating and playing the lazy. Shih-yin, aware of the want of harmony with his father-in-law, could not help giving way, in his own heart, to feelings of regret and pain. In addition to this, the fright and vexation which he had undergone the year before, the anguish and suffering (he had had to endure), had already worked havoc (on his constitution); and being a man advanced in years, and assailed by the joint attack of poverty and disease, he at length gradually began to display symptoms of decline. Strange coincidence, as he, on this day, came leaning on his staff and with considerable strain, as far as the street for a little relaxation, he suddenly caught sight, approaching from the off side, of a Taoist priest with a crippled foot; his maniac appearance so repulsive, his shoes of straw, his dress all in tatters, muttering several sentiments to this effect: All men spiritual life know to be good, But fame to disregard they ne'er succeed! From old till now the statesmen where are they? Waste lie their graves, a heap of grass, extinct. All men spiritual life know to be good, But to forget gold, silver, ill succeed! Through life they grudge their hoardings to be scant, And when plenty has come, their eyelids close. All men spiritual life hold to be good, Yet to forget wives, maids, they ne'er succeed! Who speak of grateful love while lives their lord, And dead their lord, another they pursue. All men spiritual life know to be good, But sons and grandsons to forget never succeed! From old till now of parents soft many, But filial sons and grandsons who have seen? Shih-yin upon hearing these words, hastily came up to the priest, "What were you so glibly holding forth?" he inquired. "All I could hear were a lot of hao liao (excellent, finality.") "You may well have heard the two words 'hao liao,'" answered the Taoist with a smile, "but can you be said to have fathomed their meaning? You should know that all things in this world are excellent, when they have attained finality; when they have attained finality, they are excellent; but when they have not attained finality, they are not excellent; if they would be excellent, they should attain finality. My song is entitled Excellent-finality (hao liao)." Shih-yin was gifted with a natural perspicacity that enabled him, as soon as he heard these remarks, to grasp their spirit. "Wait a while," he therefore said smilingly; "let me unravel this excellent-finality song of yours; do you mind?" "Please by all means go on with the interpretation," urged the Taoist; whereupon Shih-yin proceeded in this strain: Sordid rooms and vacant courts, Replete in years gone by with beds where statesmen lay; Parched grass and withered banian trees, Where once were halls for song and dance! Spiders' webs the carved pillars intertwine, The green gauze now is also pasted on the straw windows! What about the cosmetic fresh concocted or the powder just scented; Why has the hair too on each temple become white like hoarfrost! Yesterday the tumulus of yellow earth buried the bleached bones, To-night under the red silk curtain reclines the couple! Gold fills the coffers, silver fills the boxes, But in a twinkle, the beggars will all abuse you! While you deplore that the life of others is not long, You forget that you yourself are approaching death! You educate your sons with all propriety, But they may some day, 'tis hard to say become thieves; Though you choose (your fare and home) the fatted beam, You may, who can say, fall into some place of easy virtue! Through your dislike of the gauze hat as mean, You have come to be locked in a cangue; Yesterday, poor fellow, you felt cold in a tattered coat, To-day, you despise the purple embroidered dress as long! Confusion reigns far and wide! you have just sung your part, I come on the boards, Instead of yours, you recognise another as your native land; What utter perversion! In one word, it comes to this we make wedding clothes for others! (We sow for others to reap.) The crazy limping Taoist clapped his hands. "Your interpretation is explicit," he remarked with a hearty laugh, "your interpretation is explicit!" Shih-yin promptly said nothing more than,--"Walk on;" and seizing the stole from the Taoist's shoulder, he flung it over his own. He did not, however, return home, but leisurely walked away, in company with the eccentric priest. The report of his disappearance was at once bruited abroad, and plunged the whole neighbourhood in commotion; and converted into a piece of news, it was circulated from mouth to mouth. Dame Feng, Shih-yin's wife, upon hearing the tidings, had such a fit of weeping that she hung between life and death; but her only alternative was to consult with her father, and to despatch servants on all sides to institute inquiries. No news was however received of him, and she had nothing else to do but to practise resignation, and to remain dependent upon the support of her parents for her subsistence. She had fortunately still by her side, to wait upon her, two servant girls, who had been with her in days gone by; and the three of them, mistress as well as servants, occupied themselves day and night with needlework, to assist her father in his daily expenses. This Feng Su had after all, in spite of his daily murmurings against his bad luck, no help but to submit to the inevitable. On a certain day, the elder servant girl of the Chen family was at the door purchasing thread, and while there, she of a sudden heard in the street shouts of runners clearing the way, and every one explain that the new magistrate had come to take up his office. The girl, as she peeped out from inside the door, perceived the lictors and policemen go by two by two; and when unexpectedly in a state chair, was carried past an official, in black hat and red coat, she was indeed quite taken aback. "The face of this officer would seem familiar," she argued within herself; "just as if I had seen him somewhere or other ere this." Shortly she entered the house, and banishing at once the occurrence from her mind, she did not give it a second thought. At night, however, while she was waiting to go to bed, she suddenly heard a sound like a rap at the door. A band of men boisterously cried out: "We are messengers, deputed by the worthy magistrate of this district, and come to summon one of you to an enquiry." Feng Su, upon hearing these words, fell into such a terrible consternation that his eyes stared wide and his mouth gaped. What calamity was impending is not as yet ascertained, but, reader, listen to the explanation contained in the next chapter.



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【选集】紅樓一春夢
第一回　甄士隱夢幻識通靈　賈雨村風塵懷閨秀 CHAPTER I.第二回　賈夫人仙逝揚州城　冷子興演說榮國府 CHAPTER II.
第三回 賈雨村夤緣復舊職　林黛玉拋父進京都 CHAPTER III.第四回 薄命女偏逢薄命郎　葫蘆僧亂判葫蘆案 CHAPTER IV.
第五回 遊幻境指迷十二釵　飲仙醪麯演紅樓夢 CHAPTER V.第六回 賈寶玉初試雲雨情　劉姥姥一進榮國府 CHAPTER VI.
第七回 送宮花賈璉戲熙鳳　宴寧府寶玉會秦鐘 CHAPTER VII.第八回 比通靈金鶯微露意　探寶釵黛玉半含酸 CHAPTER VIII.
第九回 戀風流情友入傢塾　起嫌疑頑童鬧學堂 CHAPTER IX.第十回　金寡婦貪利權受辱　張太醫論病細窮源 CHAPTER X.
第十一回 慶壽辰寧府排傢宴　見熙鳳賈瑞起淫心 CHAPTER XI.第十二回　王熙鳳毒設相思局　賈天祥正照風月鑒 CHAPTER XII.
第十三回　秦可卿死封竜禁尉　王熙鳳協理寧國府 CHAPTER XIII.第十四回　林如海捐館揚州城　賈寶玉路謁北靜王 CHAPTER XIV.
第十五回　王鳳姐弄權鐵檻寺　秦鯨卿得趣饅頭庵 CHAPTER XV.第十六回　賈元春纔選鳳藻宮　秦鯨卿夭逝黃泉路 CHAPTER XVI.
第十七回　大觀園試纔題對額　榮國府歸省慶元宵 CHAPTER XVII.第十八回　隔珠簾父女勉忠勤　搦湘管姊弟裁題詠 CHAPTER XVIII.
第十九回　情切切良宵花解語　意綿綿靜日玉生香 CHAPTER XIX.第二十回　王熙鳳正言彈妒意　林黛玉俏語謔嬌音 CHAPTER XX.
第二十一回　賢襲人嬌嗔箴寶玉　俏平兒軟語救賈璉 CHAPTER XXI.第二十二回　聽麯文寶玉悟禪機　製燈迷賈政悲讖語 CHAPTER XXII.
第二十三回　西廂記妙詞通戲語　牡丹亭豔麯警芳心 CHAPTER XXIII.第二十四回　醉金剛輕財尚義俠　癡女兒遺帕惹相思 CHAPTER XXIV.
第   I   [II]   [III]   [IV]   [V]   頁

評論 (3)

hepingdao 寫到 (2010-05-10 12:35:46):

　　曹雪芹（1724—1764），清代小說傢。名沾，字夢阮，號雪芹，又號芹溪、芹圃。祖籍河北省豐潤縣。清初，入滿洲正白旗籍。他本人生於南京。
　　
　　曹雪芹生活在一個“百年望族”的大官僚地主家庭，從曾祖父起三代世襲江寧織造達60年之久。祖父曹寅當過康熙的“侍讀”，曾祖母又是康熙的乳母，曹傢與皇室的關係非常密切。少年時代，他“錦衣紈絝”、“飫甘饜肥”，過了一段豪門公子的奢侈生活。雍正五年（1727），他父親曹頫因事受到株連，被革職抄傢。從此，傢族的權勢和財産都喪失殆盡。他的家庭居處屢遷，生活極不安定，有時甚至不得不投親靠友，以維持生活，還常常受到歧視和凌辱。經歷了由錦衣玉食到“舉傢食粥”的貧民百姓的滄桑之變，使他對封建統治階級的沒落命運有了切身感受，對社會上的黑暗和罪惡有了全面而深刻的認識。
lingzhi1968 寫到 (2010-11-14 06:27:23):

　　簡體、繁體轉換之間，錯誤甚多，幾不忍卒讀。。。
hepingdao 寫到 (2012-05-16 05:05:29):

　　從簡體到繁體的轉換比較睏難, 需要化很多時間來完善, 感謝意見

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