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鲍里斯·鲍里索维奇·雷日伊Борис Борисович Рыжий（1974－2001）俄罗斯诗人，1974年9月8日生于俄罗斯车里雅宾斯克市。他的父亲是一名矿业工程师，当地矿业学院的教授，曾任党内高级领导职务。母亲是一名流行病医生。有两个姐姐。1980年，全家搬迁至斯维尔德洛夫斯克（现称叶卡捷琳堡），1981年至1991年在工业区就读。1989年成为市青年拳击赛冠军。1992年，与同学伊琳娜·科尼亚泽娃结婚，1993年他们的儿子阿尔焦姆出生。1998年，雷日伊从乌拉尔矿业学院地球物理学和地球生态学专业毕业。2000年，毕业于俄罗斯科学院乌拉尔分院地球物理学院研究生班。曾在北乌拉尔山区的地质队工作，其间发表有18篇关于俄罗斯和乌拉尔地壳构造和地震研究方面的论文。
1994年，雷日伊的诗歌处女作发表于《乌拉尔》杂志，随后几年间出版了诗集《爱情》、《一切都是这样……》，诗歌作品多刊发于《星》、《乌拉尔》、《旗》等杂志，入选1997－2003年乌拉尔诗选。1999年获得“反布克”奖的“未名者”奖项。2000年，诗集《一切都是这样……》获得圣彼得堡“北方的巴尔米拉”图书奖。2000年6月受邀参加了在荷兰鹿特丹举行的“2000－国际诗歌节”。
2001年5月6日，雷日伊自缢身亡，年仅26岁。
诗人去世后，“普希金基金会”出版社出版了他的诗集《在寒风中》。
鲍里斯·雷日伊一生创作了大约1300多首诗歌，其中公开发表的只有250首，时值今日，他的诗歌作品由其遗孀伊琳娜·科尼亚泽娃整理后陆续发表。
几年前，在对莫斯科文学院大学生进行问卷调查，谁是他们最喜欢的当代诗人时，这些未来的诗人中有四分之三的人回答是鲍里斯·雷日伊。
目前，他的作品已被译成英文、荷兰文、意大利文、德文、中文。
Family and death
At the time of his death, Ryzhy's reputation had burgeoned and he was starting to receive recognition as one of the premier poets of his generation. He was awarded the Anti-Booker Prize and accepted an invitation to the Rotterdam Poetry Festival. Ryzhy took his own life by hanging on May 7,2001, at the age of 26. His suicide, seen by many skeptics as a desperate plea for recognition and fame (the kind of which has been popular in Russia since Sergei Esenin's suicide in a St. Petersburg hotel in 1925), was a sad consequence of his bipolar disorder and substance abuse. Shortly afterwards, he was posthumously awarded the Northern Palmyra, one of the most highly sought-after prizes in Russian poetry, for his collection Opravdaniye zhizni ("A Reason to Live").
His only son, Artem (born 19 January 1993) died of a cardiac arrest in September 2020, at the age of 27.
Legacy
Since his death in 2001, his poetry has been lauded and added to the canon of Russian poets. Many of his poems and collections have been added to the volumes of essential literature in the last several years, and he has gained huge popularity for his verse, which is at times vulgar and swaggering, at times formally masterful and reminiscent of Russia's Silver Age. Through his short, poignant lyrics he crafted a persona of post-Soviet delinquency and despair. His own depression and addiction to alcohol figure prominently. He was from the intelligentsia class, and had an impressive education in geology and nuclear geophysics and published many scientific papers.
Curiously, his reputation has been slow to grow outside of Russia. Following his death, a few translations have appeared in English, Italian, German, Dutch and Spanish.
Aliona van der Horst made the documentary Boris Ryzhy in 2009, and has received several awards including the Best Feature Documentary at the Edinburgh International Film Festival 2009.
Belarusian post-punk band Molchat Doma adapted the lyrics for their 2018 song Судно ("Vessel"), from Ryzhy's poem Эмалированное судно ("Enameled Vessel").
Notes
Also transliterated as Ryzhii or Ryzhiy
References
Pain and Beauty. Poet Boris Ryzhy:: Literature:: Culture & Arts:: Russia-InfoCentre
"Music alone: on the poetry of Boris Ryzhy". World Literature Today. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 15 July 2008.
https://www.calvertjournal.com/articles/show/13395/aliona-van-der-horst-poet-boris-ryzhy-documentary-film. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
"Умер единственный сын уральского поэта Бориса Рыжего". E1. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
Zhang, Cat (25 June 2020). "How Belarusian Post-Punks Molchat Doma Became a TikTok Meme". Pitchfork. Retrieved 4 December 2020.