| Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum | |
| ài yīn · lán dé | |
| ā lì sà · jì nuò wéi yé fú nà · luó sēn bào mǔ | |
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yuèdòuān · lán dé Ayn Randzài小说之家dezuòpǐn!!! | |
Ayn Rand安・兰德崇理性，认为人的最高美德便是理性；她不顾传统舆论的偏见，力倡个人主义，认为不能使个人利益得到最大伸张的社会，就不是理想社会。她的客观主义哲学处20世纪50年代起风靡美国校园，影响了几代美国人，她本人也成为美国青年崇拜的偶像。安・兰德一生著述百余种，根据她的生平拍摄的记录片和故事片曾获奥斯卡奖。1982年安・兰德去世后，美国创立了许多兰德书友会和专门研究安・兰德思想的机构。
艾茵·兰德（英语：Ayn Rand，1905年2月2日－1982年3月6日），原名“阿丽萨·济诺维耶芙娜·罗森鲍姆”（俄语：Алиса Зиновьевна Розенбаум）俄裔美国哲学家、小说家。她的哲学理论和小说开创了客观主义哲学运动，她同时也写下了《源头》、《阿特拉斯耸耸肩》等数本畅销的小说。
她的哲学和小说里强调个人主义的概念、理性利己主义（“理性的私利”）、以及彻底自由放任的资本主义。她相信人们必须透过理性选择他们的价值观和行动；个人有绝对权利只为他自己的利益而活，无须为他人而牺牲自己的利益、但也不可强迫他人替自己牺牲；没有任何人有权利透过暴力或诈骗夺取他人的财产、或是透过暴力强加自己的价值观给他人。她的政治理念可以被形容为小政府主义和自由意志主义，虽然她从来没有使用第一个称呼自称过、而且相当厌恶第二个称呼。
兰德的小说所要表达的目标是要展示她理想中的英雄：一个因为其能力和独立性格而与社会产生冲突的人，但却依然奋斗不懈朝他的理想迈进。Ayn Rand (/aɪn/; born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum;[b] February 2, [O.S. January 20] 1905 – March 6, 1982) was a Russian-American writer and philosopher. She is known for her two best-selling novels, The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged, and for developing a philosophical system she named Objectivism. Born and educated in Russia, she moved to the United States in 1926. She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 and 1936. After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful, she achieved fame with her 1943 novel, The Fountainhead. In 1957, Rand published her best-known work, the novel Atlas Shrugged. Afterward, she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy, publishing her own periodicals and releasing several collections of essays until her death in 1982.
Rand advocated reason as the only means of acquiring knowledge and rejected faith and religion. She supported rational and ethical egoism and rejected altruism. In politics, she condemned the initiation of force as immoral and opposed collectivism and statism as well as anarchism, instead supporting laissez-faire capitalism, which she defined as the system based on recognizing individual rights, including property rights. In art, Rand promoted romantic realism. She was sharply critical of most philosophers and philosophical traditions known to her, except for Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas and classical liberals.
Literary critics received Rand's fiction with mixed reviews and academia generally ignored or rejected her philosophy, though academic interest has increased in recent decades. The Objectivist movement attempts to spread her ideas, both to the public and in academic settings. She has been a significant influence among libertarians and American conservatives.