yuèdòuā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé Elbert Hubbardzài百家争鸣dezuòpǐn!!! | |||
阿尔伯特·哈伯德1856 nián 7 yuè 19 rì hā bó dé chū shēng yú měi guó yī lì nuò zhōu de bù lǔ míng dùn， fù qīn jì shì nóng chǎng zhù yòu shì xiāng cūn yī shēng。 tā zài tǎ fú xué yuàn huò dé xué shì xué wèi， yòu zài zhī jiā gē dà lǐ táng huò dé fǎ xué bó shì xué wèi。 tā céng jīng zuò guò jiào shī、 chū bǎn shāng、 biān ji hé yǎn shuō jiā， 1895 nián， zài niǔ yuē dōng 'ào luó lā chuàng lì liǎo luó yī kè fū tè gōng sī， zhì zào hé xiāo shòu gè zhǒng shǒu gōng yì pǐn， suí hòu yòu kāi shè liǎo yī jiā yìn shuà zhuāng dìng chǎng。 1899 nián， tā gēn jù 'ān dé lǔ · sà mò sī · luó wén de yīng yǒng shì jì， chuàng zuò liǎo gǔ wǔ rén xīn de《 zhì jiā xī yà de xìn》。
1899 nián， ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé chuàng zuò liǎo《 bǎ xìn sòng gěi jiā xī yà》， zài《 fěi shì lì rén》 zá zhì shàng fā biǎo hòu， yǐn qǐ liǎo quán shì jiè de qiáng liè hōng dòng， zhè běn xiǎo cè zǐ zài shì jiè gè dì guǎng wéi liú chuán， quán qiú xiāo liàng chāo guò 8 yì cè， chéng wéi yòu shǐ yǐ lái shì jiè shàng zuì chàng xiāo de dú wù zhī yī， liè rù quán qiú zuì chàng xiāo tú shū páiháng bǎng dì liù míng。 1908 nián， ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zài《 bǎ xìn sòng gěi jiā xī yà》 de jī chǔ shàng， yòu chuàng zuò liǎo nèi róng gèng quán miàn， sī xiǎng gēngshēn kè de shāng yè jiā zuò《 shuāng yíng guī zé》， gēngshēn rù dì chǎn shù liǎo zhù dòng、 zì xìn、 jìng yè、 zhōng chéng、 qín fèn de wěi dà sī xiǎng。 gāi shū shì duì，《 bǎ xìn sòng gěi jiā xī yà》 yī shū sī xiǎng de gāo dù tí liàn hé shēng huá， shì zuò zhě shāng yè sī xiǎng zuì wán měi de jí hé； tóng shí， yě shì yī běn wéi rén men dài lái chéng gōng yǔ cái fù de shén qí dú wù。 jìn yī gè shì jì yǐ lái， quán shì jiè wú shù de zhèng fǔ、 qǐ yè、 jūn duì hé xué xiào， dū jiāng cǐ dú wù zuò wéi gōng wù yuán、 zhí yuán、 shì bīng hé dà xué shēng de péi xùn dú běn， yǐng xiǎng liǎo yī dài yòu yī dài rén de sī xiǎng。
hā bó dé zhōng shēng zhì lì yú chū bǎn hé xiě zuò， chú liǎo wéi zì chuàng de liǎng fèn zá zhì zhuàn gǎo wài， qí zhù yào zhù zuò hái yòu《 duǎn zàn de lǚ xíng》、《 xiàn zài de lì liàng》、《 zì jǐ shì zuì dà de dí rén》、《 yī tiān》 děng。
1915 nián 5 yuè 7 rì， hā bó dé hé tā de qī zǐ chéng zuò lù xī tǎ ní yà hào kè lún bù xìng zài 'ài 'ěr lán hǎi yùnàn。
xiāng guān tú shū：《 zhì jiā xī yà de xìn ( quán yì běn )》 ( měi ) ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zhù jí lín shè yǐng chū bǎn shè 2003
《 zhì jiā xī yà de xìn (( zhōng yīng duì zhào ))》 ( měi ) ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zhù jīng huá chū bǎn shè 2005
《 zì dòng zì fā》 ( měi ) ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé (ElbertHubbard) zhù chén shū kǎi biān yì jī xiè gōng yè chū bǎn shè 2003
《 nǐ shǔ yú nǎ zhǒng rén》 ( měi ) ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé (ElbertHubbard) zhù chén shū kǎi biān yì jī xiè gōng yè chū bǎn shè 2003
《 fú cóng wán chéng rèn wù de xué wèn》 ( měi ) ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zhù ElbertHubbard jiàn dōng biān yì dāng dài zhōng guó chū bǎn shè 2004
《 bié zhǎo jiè kǒu zhí yè jiào yù jù bò 'ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zhì 'ér zǐ de 36 fēng xìn》 ā 'ěr bó tè · hā bó dé zhù bái shān yì zhōng guó cháng 'ān chū bǎn shè 2004
Life
Hubbard was born in Bloomington, Illinois, to Silas Hubbard and Juliana Frances Read. He grew up in Hudson, Illinois, where his first business venture was selling Larkin soap products, a career which eventually brought him to Buffalo, New York. His innovations for Larkin included premiums and "leave on trial".
His best-known work came after he founded Roycroft, an Arts and Crafts movement community in East Aurora, New York in 1895. This grew from his private press, the Roycroft Press, which was inspired by William Morris's Kelmscott Press. (Although called the "Roycroft Press" by latter-day collectors and print historians, the organization called itself "The Roycrofters" and "The Roycroft Shops".
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Hubbard edited and published two magazines, The Philistine and The Fra. The Philistine was bound in brown butcher paper and full of satire and whimsy. (Hubbard himself quipped that the cover was butcher paper because: "There is meat inside."
) The Roycrofters produced handsome, if sometimes eccentric, books printed on handmade paper, and operated a fine bindery, a furniture shop, and shops producing modeled leather and hammered copper goods. They were a leading producer of Mission Style products.
Hubbard's second wife, Alice Moore Hubbard, was a graduate of the New Thought-oriented Emerson College of Oratory in Boston and a noted suffragist. The Roycroft Shops became a site for meetings and conventions of radicals, freethinkers, reformers, and suffragists. Hubbard became a popular lecturer, and his homespun philosophy evolved from a loose William Morris-inspired socialism to an ardent defense of free enterprise and American know-how. Hubbard was much mocked in the press for "selling out".
In 1908, Hubbard was the keynote speaker at the annual meeting of The Society in Dedham for Apprehending Horse Thieves. In 1912, the famed passenger liner the Titanic was sunk after hitting an iceberg. Hubbard subsequently wrote of the disaster, singling out the story of Ida Straus, who as a woman was supposed to be placed on a lifeboat in precedence to the men, but she refused to board the boat: "Not I—I will not leave my husband. All these years we've traveled together, and shall we part now? No, our fate is one."
Hubbard then added his own stirring commentary:
"Mr. and Mrs. Straus, I envy you that legacy of love and loyalty left to your children and grandchildren. The calm courage that was yours all your long and useful career was your possession in death. You knew how to do three great things—you knew how to live, how to love and how to die. One thing is sure, there are just two respectable ways to die. One is of old age, and the other is by accident. All disease is indecent. Suicide is atrocious. But to pass out as did Mr. and Mrs. Isador Straus is glorious. Few have such a privilege. Happy lovers, both. In life they were never separated and in death they are not divided."
Death
On May 1, 1915, little more than three years after the sinking of the Titanic, the Hubbards boarded Lusitania in New York City. On May 7, 1915, while at sea, it was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine Unterseeboot 20.
In a letter to Elbert Hubbard II dated 12 March 1916, Ernest C. Cowper, a survivor of this event, wrote:
I can not say specifically where your father and Mrs. Hubbard were when the torpedoes hit, but I can tell you just what happened after that. They emerged from their room, which was on the port side of the vessel, and came on to the boat-deck.
Neither appeared perturbed in the least. Your father and Mrs. Hubbard linked arms—the fashion in which they always walked the deck—and stood apparently wondering what to do. I passed him with a baby which I was taking to a lifeboat when he said, 'Well, Jack, they have got us. They are a damn sight worse than I ever thought they were.'
They did not move very far away from where they originally stood. As I moved to the other side of the ship, in preparation for a jump when the right moment came, I called to him, 'What are you going to do?' and he just shook his head, while Mrs. Hubbard smiled and said, 'There does not seem to be anything to do.'
The expression seemed to produce action on the part of your father, for then he did one of the most dramatic things I ever saw done. He simply turned with Mrs. Hubbard and entered a room on the top deck, the door of which was open, and closed it behind him.
It was apparent that his idea was that they should die together, and not risk being parted on going into the water.
The Roycroft Shops, run by Hubbard's son, Elbert Hubbard II, operated until 1938.
Posthumous renown
Owing to his prolific publications, Hubbard was a renowned figure in his day. Contributors to a 360-page book published by Roycrofters and entitled In Memoriam: Elbert and Alice Hubbard included such luminaries as meat-packing magnate J. Ogden Armour, business theorist and Babson College founder Roger Babson, botanist and horticulturalist Luther Burbank, seed-company founder W. Atlee Burpee, ketchup magnate Henry J. Heinz, National Park Service founder Franklin Knight Lane, success writer Orison Swett Marden, inventor of the modern comic strip Richard F. Outcault, poet James Whitcomb Riley, Nobel Peace Prize recipient Elihu Root, evangelist Billy Sunday, political leader Booker T. Washington, and poet Ella Wheeler Wilcox. Hubbard is an ancestor of singer Brodie Foster Hubbard. Another book which was written by Mr. Hubbard is entitled "Health and Wealth". It was published in 1908 and includes many short truisms that are in line with the Truth movement and Transcendentalists concerning using intelligence to rid one of fear and, thus, to bring the body back to health and happiness which leads to true wealth through service to others.