阅读ào liè gé · gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī Oleg Gordievsky在小说之家的作品!!! | |||
jīn nián 69 suì de 'ào liè gé · gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī， zài yīng guó qíng bào jiè míng qì hěn dà， tā de yī shēng chōng mǎn liǎo chuán qí sè cǎi。
lín wēi shòu mìng lái dào yīng guó
ào liè gé · gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī chū shēng yú mò sī kē， céng zài xiǎng yòu shèng yù de mò sī kē guó jì guān xì xué yuàn jiù dú。 zài 1961 nián 8 yuè bólín qiáng xiū jiàn qián， tā bèi pài wǎng dōng dé。 1963 nián tā jiā rù liǎo kè gé bó， bèi pài dào dān mài shǒu dū gē běn hā gēn zhí xíng rèn wù。
1974 nián， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī zài gē běn hā gēn bèi yīng guó mì mì qíng bào jú ( jūn qíng liù chù ) chéng gōng cè fǎn， chéng wéi tóng shí gěi qián sū lián hé yīng guó tí gōng qíng bào de shuāng miàn jiàndié。 1974 nián zhì 1985 nián jiān， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī xiàng yīng guó tí gōng liǎo dà liàng qíng bào， bèi rèn wéi shì yīng guó qíng bào bù mén“ zuì zhòng yào de zī chǎn”。
cóng 1982 nián qǐ， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī bèi kè gé bó pài dào lún dūn dāng jiān dié， gōng kāi shēn fèn shì 'é luó sī yī míng wài jiāo guān。 jù gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī tòu lù， kè gé bó zài lún dūn cóng shì jiàndié huó dòng de zuì huó yuè shí jiān shì zài 'èr zhàn jié shù hòu dào 1971 nián。 qí zhōng， 1945 nián qián hòu， zài lún dūn de kè gé bó tè gōng dá dào 150 rén。
dàn shì dào liǎo 1971 nián， suí zhe yī míng kè gé bó tè gōng 'ào liè gé · lì yà lín de bèi bǔ， dāng shí de yīng guó wài jiāo dà chén yà lì kè · dào gé lā sī · huò mǔ qū zhú liǎo suǒ yòu de kè gé bó jiàndié。 zhè cì qū zhú bèi kàn zuò shì lěng zhàn qī jiān zuì yǐn rén zhù mùdì yī cì xíng dòng。
yòu bào dào shuō， lì yà lín shì yīn wéi yī cì zuì jiǔ jià chē bèi bǔ 'ér xiè lù shēn fèn de。 dāng jǐng chá jiāng zuì xūn xūn de lì yà lín sài jìn jǐng chē hòu zuò shí， tā bǎ jiǎo fàng zài zuò zài qián miàn de jǐng chá jiān bǎng shàng。 jǐng chá zhuǎn guò shēn yào qiú tā jiāng jiǎo fàng xià， tā huí dá shuō：“ nǐ bù néng zhè yàng gēn wǒ shuō huà， nǐ bù néng dǎ wǒ， yīn wéi wǒ shì kè gé bó tè gōng。” bù guò， zhè yī shuō fǎ de zhēn shí xìng méi yòu dé dào què rèn。
dàn wú lùn rú hé， yīng guó de zhè cì qū zhú xíng dòng， gěi kè gé bó zào chéng liǎo chén zhòng dǎ jī。 dào gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī 1982 nián dǐ dá lún dūn shí， dāng dì de kè gé bó rén shù yǐ cóng 1971 nián chū de 105 rén xià jiàng dào 23 rén。
wǔ xiū shí jiān tōu chū wén jiàn
kè gé bó zhī suǒ yǐ pài gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī qù lún dūn， shì yīn wéi kǎo lǜ dào tā jīng yàn fēng fù， ér qiě tā de fù qīn yě shì yī míng kè gé bó tè gōng， kě wèi chū shēn“ tè gōng jiā zú”。
rán 'ér kè gé bó gēn běn méi yòu xiǎng dào， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī zǎo zài 8 nián qián jiù yǐ jīng bèi yīng guó qíng bào jī guān cè fǎn liǎo。
gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī dào dá lún dūn hòu， jūn qíng liù chù rèn mìng yī míng 34 suì de tè gōng yuē hàn · sī kǎ lì tè zuò wèitā de jiē tóu rén， cǐ rén xiàn zài yǐ shēng wéi yīng guó jūn qíng liù chù chù cháng。 bù guò dāng shí tā zhǐ shì jūn qíng liù chù yī míng nián qīng tè gōng。 tā men de jiē tóu dì diǎn shì zài bèi sī wò tè yīzhuàng méi yòu shénme míng xiǎn tè zhēng de gōng yù fáng jiān lǐ。 zài gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī kàn lái， sī kǎ lì tè“ fǎn yìng mǐn jié， fēi cháng cōng míng、 jù yòu zhù dòng xìng”。
gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī jīng cháng huì zài wǔ cān shí jiān， jiāng liù qī fèn wén jiàn fàng jìn kǒu dài lǐ， lí kāi 'é luó sī zhù yīng guó dà shǐ guǎn。 tā lái dào jiē tóu dì diǎn， bǎ wén jiàn jiāo gěi sī kǎ lì tè pāi zhào， rán hòu zài bǎ wén jiàn fàng huí yuán chù。
jiù zhè yàng， zài liǎng nián duō de shí jiān lǐ， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yǔ gāi yīng guó qíng bào rén yuán gòng fù zhì liǎo jǐ bǎi fèn wén jiàn， qí zhōng yī xiē zhí jiē sòng dào liǎo měi guó。 yóu yú tā xiàng yīng guó fāng miàn tí gōng liǎo dà liàng guān yú kè gé bó tè gōng de qíng bào， zhì shǐ dāng shí de 25 míng qián sū lián tè gōng bèi yīng guó qū zhú。
sù liào dài jiù liǎo tā de mìng
yīnggāi shuō， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī de“ yǎn jì” xiāng dāng hǎo， kè gé bó gāo céng zài 1985 nián qián yī zhí méi yòu duì tā chǎn shēng huái yí。 yòu duàn shí jiān， kè gé bó shèn zhì hái yòu yì yào tí bá tā dān rèn lún dūn zhàn de fù zé rén。 dàn shì dào liǎo 1985 nián 5 yuè， qíng kuàng fā shēng liǎo biàn huà。
yī tiān， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī de shàng jí céng jǐng gào tā shuō：“ yī míng pàn guó zhě jiù zài wū zǐ lǐ。” gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī tīng dào zhè huà chī jīng jí liǎo， tā bù dé bù 'àn zì qiā zì jǐ de dà tuǐ bǎo chí zhèn jìng。
1985 nián 5 yuè， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī bèi kè gé bó zhào huí mò sī kē。 suí hòu， tā bèi dài dào xiāng xià jiē shòu shěn xùn。 tā shuō， shěn wèn tā de kè gé bó tè gōng gěi tā chī liǎo yī zhǒng jù shuō kě yǐ ràng rén shuō zhēn huà de yào， bī wèn tā shì fǒu shì shuāng miàn jiàndié， jū rán méi yòu dé dào dá 'àn， zuì hòu bù dé bù jiāng tā shì fàng。 dāng shí， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī de chǔjìng fēi cháng bù miào， kè gé bó pài rén duì tā shí shī jiān kòng， tā gǎn jué zì jǐ lí wēi xiǎn yuè lái yuè jìn。 qíng jí zhī xià， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī zhǐ néng bǎ shēng cún de xī wàng jì tuō zài qiú zhù yīng guó jūn qíng liù chù。 yú shì， tā xiǎng fāng shè fǎ zài mò sī kē lián xì jūn qíng liù chù， bìng 'àn zhōng zuò hǎo liǎo táo páo de zhǔn bèi。
tóng nián 6 yuè de yī tiān， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī lái dào mò sī kē jiē tóu yī gè tè dìng de jiē dēng zhù bàng， shǒu lǐ ná zhe yī gè fù jìn sài fū wéi chāo shì de gòu wù dài zuò wéi jiē tóu 'àn hào。 dà gài guò liǎo 24 fēn zhōng， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī kàn jiàn yī míng yīng guó rén ná zhe yī gè mò lǜ sè de hā luó sī pái zǐ de bāo、 zuǐ lǐ jǔjué zhe qiǎo kè lì kuài zǒu guò lái。 mǐn gǎn de gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī kāi shǐ jǐng jué qǐ lái。
guǒ rán， dāng zhè gè rén zǒu dào jù gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yòu sì wǔ yīng chǐ shí， kāi shǐ dīng zhe gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī kàn， zhè shí gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yě dīng zhe tā， yòng yǎn shén chuán dì wú shēng de xìn xī：“ shì wǒ， wǒ pò qiē xū yào bāng zhù！” jiù zhè yàng， yīng guó jūn qíng liù chù dé zhī liǎo tā chù jìng wēi xiǎn。 gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī dāng nián zài yīng guó de jiē tóu rén sī kǎ lì tè wèitā zhì dìng liǎo yī gè zhōu mì de táo páo jìhuà。
yóu yú zhī dào zì jǐ shòu dào jiān shì， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yī zhí kǔ liàn yī zhǒng“ gān xǐ” jì shù， yě jiù shì yǐn cáng zài lóu fáng zhī jiān， kàn shì fǒu yòu rén gēn zōng tā。 jiù zài tā qù mǎi qián wǎng 'é luó sī hé fēn lán biān jìng de huǒ chē piào nà tiān， zhè yī fǎn gēn zōng jì shù bāng tā fā xiàn liǎo 3 míng kè gé bó tè gōng， bìng chéng gōng dì shuǎi diào liǎo tā men。
dì 'èr tiān xià wǔ 4 diǎn zhōng， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī qiāoqiāo dēng shàng liǎo kāi wǎng 'é luó sī hé fēn lán biān jìng de huǒ chē， bìng yǔ děng hòu tā de yīng guó tè gōng jiē shàng liǎo tóu。 xià liǎo huǒ chē， yīng guó tè gōng jiāng gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī cáng zài yīng guó dà shǐ guǎn qì chē de hòu bèi xiāng lǐ。 wèile bù ràng gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī de shēn tǐ sàn fā rè liàng， bèi qián sū lián de wēn dù sǎo miáo qì fā xiàn， yīng guó tè gōng men yòng bǎo nuǎn tǎn zǐ bǎ gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī tuǒ shàn dì bāo guǒ qǐ lái， fáng zhǐ tā de shēn tǐ sàn rè。 jiù zhè yàng， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī bèi yīng guó rén shùn lì dì tōu yùn dào liǎo xī fāng“ ān quán dì dài”。
gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī táo lí qián sū lián shí， tā de qī zǐ hé liǎng gè nǚ 'ér zhèng zài 'ā sài bài jiāng dù jiǎ， gēn běn bù zhī dào tā yào pàn táo。 bù guò， zhǐ yòu ràng tā men bù zhī dào rèn hé shì， kè gé bó cái bù huì zhǎo tā men má fán。
6 nián hòu， yě jiù shì 1991 nián de 9 yuè 7 rì， tā de qī zǐ lì lā dài zhe liǎng gè nǚ 'ér héng héng 11 suì de mǎ lì yà hé 10 suì de 'ān nà， cái cóng mò sī kē lái dào lún dūn。
chě chū yī duī gōng zhòng rén wù
gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī pàn táo dào yīng guó hòu， xíng shì shí fēn gāo diào。 tā xiān hòu zhǐ kòng yī xiē gōng zhòng rén wù gěi kè gé bó tí gōng liǎo bāng zhù， rě chū liǎo bù shǎo zhēng duān。 zhè xiē bèi zhǐ kòng de míng rén dāng zhōng bāo kuò： měi guó qián zǒng tǒng luó sī fú de zhù shǒu hā lǐ · huò pǔ jīn sī、 ruì diǎn qián shǒuxiàng 'ào luò fū · pà 'ěr méi děng。
hòu lái， dāng yīng guó《 xīng qī rì tài wù shì bào》 bào dào gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī zhǐ kòng céng dān rèn gōng dǎng lǐng xiù de mài kè 'ěr · fù tè shì kè gé bó tè gōng shí， má fán jiù dà liǎo。 mài kè 'ěr · fù tè yǐ fěi bàng zuì jiāng tā gào shàng fǎ tíng， jiēguǒ huò dé liǎo 10 wàn yīng bàng de péi cháng。
bù guò， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yě yòu“ zhuā duì rén” de shí hòu， zuì chū míng de yī cì jiù shì zhǐ rèn chū jūn qíng wǔ chù yī míng tè gōng mài kè 'ěr · bèi tǎ ní jiāng qíng bào xiè lù gěi liǎo qián sū lián。 jù liǎo jiě， yóu yú tè shū de shēn fèn， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī dé dào liǎo yī xiē shì jiè jí lǐng dǎo rén de jiē jiàn， bāo kuò měi guó qián zǒng tǒng lǐ gēn、 yīng guó qián shǒuxiàng sǎ qiē 'ěr fū rén děng。
liàn jiē /LINK shí jǐ nián lái yī zhí dài jiǎ fā
shí jǐ nián lái， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī yī zhí dài zhe jiǎ fā， liú zhe hú zǐ
jù yīng guó méi tǐ bào dào， yóu yú dān xīn zāo dào 'é luó sī qíng bào bù mén 'àn shā， gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī shí jǐ nián lái yī zhí dài jiǎ fā， hái liú zhe hú zǐ。 bù guò， tā jīng cháng zài yīng guó méi tǐ shàng duì 'é luó sī de zhèng zhì jìn xíng píng lùn， lìng wài hái chū bǎn shū jí， pī lù tā de kè gé bó shēng yá。
qù nián 11 yuè， jiù zài 'é luó sī qián tè gōng lì tè wéi nián kē zhòngdú shēn wáng zhī hòu， tā yòu fā biǎo yì jiàn shuō， lì tè wéi nián kē kě néng shì bèi qí 'é luó sī hǎo yǒu xià dú 'àn hài de。
2005 nián 2 yuè， yīng guó bó míng hàn dà xué shòu yú gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī róng yù yī xué xué wèi， yǐ biǎo zhāng tā wéi“ yīng guó de 'ān quán suǒ zuò chū de jié chū gòng xiàn”。
2007 nián 10 yuè 18 rì， tā yòu bèi yīng guó nǚ wáng cè fēng wéi“ shèng qiáo zhì qí shì tuán” (1814 nián chéng lì， míng yì shàng yóu yīng guó nǚ wáng lǐng dǎo， chéng yuán yòu 1000 duō rén ) chéng yuán。 huí yì qǐ shòu fēng de qíng jǐng， zhè gè lǎo là de jiàndié hái shì yòng liǎo“ jǐn zhāng hé xià rén” lái xíng róng。 tā shuō ràng tā gǎn dòng de shì， nǚ wáng bìng méi yòu tí jí tā dāng jiān dié de shì， zhǐ shì shuō“ fēi cháng gǎn xiè nǐ wéi yīng guó suǒ zuò de yī qiē”。
xiàn zài， 69 suì gāo líng de gē 'ěr jì yé fū sī jī zhù zài yīng guó sà lǐ jùn。 duì tā lái shuō， xiàn zài zuì dà de kuài lè zhī yī jiù shì wèi nà xiē jīng cháng lái tā jiā huā yuán de hú lí， zhè huò xǔ shì yī míng lǎo pái jiàndié zuì xī wàng guò de wǎn nián shēng huó bā。 ( guó jì zài xiàn - shì jiè xīn wén bào )
Early career
Oleg Gordievsky attended the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, and on completion of his studies, joined the foreign service where he was posted to East Berlin in August 1961, just prior to completion of the Berlin Wall. He joined the KGB in 1963, and was posted to the Soviet embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Double agent
During his Danish posting, Gordievsky became disenchanted with his work in the KGB, particularly after the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 – and made his sentiment known to MI6, who subsequently made contact with him. The value of MI6's recruitment of such a highly-placed and valuable intelligence asset increased dramatically when, in 1982, Gordievsky was assigned to the Soviet embassy in London as the KGB Resident-designate ("rezident"), responsible for Soviet intelligence gathering and espionage in the UK.
Two of Gordievsky's most important contributions were averting a potential nuclear confrontation with Russia when NATO exercise Able Archer 83 was mis-interpreted by the Soviets as a potential first strike, and identifying Mikhail Gorbachev as the Soviet heir apparent long before he came to prominence. Indeed, the information passed by Gordievsky became the first proof of how paranoid the Soviet leadership had become about the possibility of a NATO nuclear first strike.
Defection
Gordievsky was suddenly ordered back to Moscow on 22 May 1985, taken to a KGB safehouse outside Moscow, drugged and interrogated by Soviet counterintelligence. Apparently the leak came from two sources, one of which might have been Aldrich Ames, an American CIA officer, who had been selling secrets to the KGB.
Gordievsky was questioned for about 5 hours. After that, he was released and told he would never work overseas again. Although he was suspected of espionage for a foreign power, for some reason his superiors decided to stall. In June 1985 he was joined by his wife and two children in Moscow.
Although he almost certainly remained under KGB surveillance, Gordievsky managed to send a covert signal to MI6 about his situation, and they reactivated an elaborate escape plan which had been in place for many years, ready for just such an emergency.
On 19 July 1985, Gordievsky went for his usual jog, but he instead managed to evade his KGB tails and boarded a train to the Finnish border, where he was met by British embassy cars and smuggled across the border into Finland, then flown to England via Norway. Soviet authorities subsequently sentenced Gordievsky to death in absentia for treason, a sentence never rescinded by post-Soviet Russian authorities. His wife and children – on holiday in Azerbaijan at the time of his escape – finally joined him in the UK six years later, after extensive lobbying by the British Government, and personally by the Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher during her meetings with Gorbachev.
Life in the UK
Gordievsky congratulated by Baroness Thatcher on investiture, 18 Oct 2007
Gordievsky has written a number of books on the subject of the KGB and is a frequently-quoted media pundit on the subject.
In 1990, he was consultant editor of the journal Intelligence and National Security, and he worked on television in the UK in the 1990s, including the game show Wanted. In 1995 the former British Labour Party leader Michael Foot received an out of court settlement (said to be "substantial") from The Sunday Times after the newspaper alleged, in articles derived from claims in the original manuscript of Gordievsky's book Next Stop Execution (1995), that Foot was a KGB "agent of influence" with the codename 'Boot'. In The Daily Telegraph in 2010 Charles Moore gave a "full account", which he claimed had been provided to him by Gordievsky shortly after Foot's death, of the extent of Foot's alleged KGB involvement. Moore also wrote that, although the claims are difficult to corroborate without MI6 and KGB files, Gordievsky's past record in revealing KGB contacts in Britain had been shown to be reliable.
On 26 February 2005, he was awarded an Honorary Degree of Doctor of Letters by the University of Buckingham in recognition of his outstanding service to the security and safety of the United Kingdom.
Gordievsky had a letter published in the Daily Telegraph on 3 August 2005, accusing the BBC of being "The Red Service". He said:
"Just listen with attention to the ideological nuances on Radio 4, BBC television, and the BBC World Service, and you will realise that communism is not a dying creed."
Gordievsky was featured in the PBS documentary Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy.
Gordievsky was appointed Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) for "services to the security of the United Kingdom" in the 2007 Queen's Birthday Honours (in the Diplomatic List). The Guardian newspaper noted that it was "the same gong given his fictional cold war colleague James Bond."
Suspected poisoning
In April 2008, the media reported that on 2nd November 2007, Gordievsky had been taken by ambulance from his home in Surrey to a local hospital, where he spent 34 hours unconscious. Gordievsky claimed that he was poisoned with thallium by "rogue elements in Moscow". He accused MI6 of forcing Special Branch to drop its early investigations into his allegations; according to him, the investigation was only reopened thanks to the intervention of former MI5 chief Eliza Manningham-Buller.
In Gordievsky's opinion, the villain was a London-based Russian business associate who had supplied him with pills, which he said were the sedative Xanax, purportedly for insomnia; he refused to identify the associate, saying British authorities had advised against it.
Publication
Gordievsky, Oleg; Andrew, Christopher (1990). KGB: The Inside Story. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-48561-2.
Gordievsky, Oleg; Andrew, Christopher (1990). The KGB. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-016605-3.
Gordievsky, Oleg; Andrew, Christopher (1991). Instructions from the Centre: Top Secret Files on KGB Foreign Operations, 1975-85. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-56650-7.
Gordievsky, Oleg; Andrew, Christopher (1992). More Instructions from the Centre: Top Secret Files on KGB Foreign Operations, 1975-85. Frank Cass Publishers. ISBN 0-7146-3475-1.
Gordievsky, Oleg (1995). Next Stop Execution (autobiography). Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-62086-0.
Jakob Andersen med Oleg Gordievsky: "De Røde Spioner - KGB's operationer i Danmark fra Stalin til Jeltsin, fra Stauning til Nyrup", Høst & Søn, Copenhagen (2002).