yuèdòuhā lǐ sēn · suǒ 'ěr cí bó lǐ Harrison Salisburyzài小说之家dezuòpǐn!!! | |||
cóng shì fǎn yìng zhōng guó hóng jūn cháng zhēng de xiě zuò， shì suǒ 'ěr cí bó lǐ duō nián lái de sù yuàn。 tā jí qí chóng jìng 'āi dé jiā · sī nuò， bìng shēn shòu qí gǎn rǎn hé yǐng xiǎng。 āi dé jiā · sī nuò zài qí《 xī xíng màn jì》 xù yán zhōng céng xiě dào： “ zǒng yòu yī tiān huì yòu rén xiě chū zhè yī jīng xīn dòng bó de yuǎn zhēng de quán bù shǐ shī。 ” suǒ 'ěr cí bó lǐ jīn tiān yǐ shí jì xíng dòng wán chéng liǎo zhè wèi xiān xíng zhě de wèi jìng shì yè hé yì yuàn。 wèile xiě zuò cǐ shū， suǒ 'ěr cí bó lǐ zài shí duō nián qián jiù kāi shǐ yùn niàng hé zhǔn bèi。 tā shōu jí hé yán jiū liǎo dà liàng yòu guān cháng zhēng de gè zhǒng bù tóng lái yuán、 bù tóng guān diǎn de cái liào， bìng yú ― jiǔ bā sì nián zhuān chéng lái dào wǒ guó， zài tā de hǎo yǒu xiè wěi sī hé tā de qī shí suì de qī zǐ xià luò tè de mìqiè hé zuò xià， yán zhe dāng nián hóng jūn cháng zhēng de lù xiàn， jìn xíng liǎo shí dì cǎi fǎng。 tā yǐ hóng jūn bān de yǒng gǎn hé jiān yì， bù gù nián mài ( dāng shí qī shí liù suì ) yòu bìng ( xīn zàng bìng )， huái chuài xīn zàng qǐ bó qì， dài zhe dǎ zì jī， pá xuě shān， guò cǎo dì， chuān jī liú， dēng xiǎn fēng， zhōng tú zhàn shèng bìng tòng zhé mó， jiān chí yuè guò liǎo qiān shān wàn shuǐ， chuān guò qī bā gè shěng fèn， lì shí qī shí sì tiān， zhōng yú cóng jiāng xī dào dá liǎo shǎn běi， wán chéng liǎo tā zì jǐ de 'èr wàn wǔ qiān lǐ“ cháng zhēng” xún fǎng。 yán tú tā kǎo chá tǐ yàn liǎo zì rán jiè de fù zá dì lǐ huán jìng hé duō biàn de qì xiàng， xiàng lǎo hóng jūn、 lǎo chuán gōng、 lǎo mù mín men liǎo jiě lì shǐ hé xiàn zhuàng， liǎo jiě mín sú fēng qíng， biàn mì gé mìng yí jì， bó cǎi yì wén yì shì。 gèng wéi zhòng yào de shì， tā yòu jī huì qīn zì fǎng wèn liǎo cān jiā guò cháng zhēng de wǒ guó xiàn jīn de xǔ duō lǐng dǎo rén hé jiàn zài de lǎo jiāng jūn， huì jiàn liǎo bù shǎo dǎng shǐ jūn shǐ yán jiū rén yuán， duō fāng tàn suǒ hé kǎo zhèng liǎo cháng zhēng zhōng de yī xiē wèn tí， zhèng rú dì zì jǐ suǒ shuō de nà yàng， tā“ duì zhōng guó rén tí chū liǎo wǒ néng xiǎng dào de suǒ yòu nán tí， zhí dào nòng qīng shì shí wéi zhǐ”。 < cháng zhēng―― qián suǒ wèi wén de gù shì >
píng jià： 20 shì jì měi guó zuì jié chū de jì zhě zhī yī（ hái yī gè shì lǐ pǔ màn）， bù zhī pí juàn de shí gān jiā， xīn wén jiè fēng dǒu liǎo 60 duō nián。
1： chū shēng zài 'ā bó lì sī shì， wǎn nián xiě《 fēng xíng tiān xià yī bào rén》 huí yì lù。
míng ní sū dá jīng shén： fèn shì jí sú； duō sī shàn wèn； bù shì dà（ bù mí xìn）， tóu nǎo qīng xǐng guān chá shì lùn。
2： dú míng ní sū dá dà xué， zhù biān guò xiào bào， pī pàn xué xiào nèi de hēi 'àn， xué xiào yǐ zài tú shū guǎn chōu yān kāi chū。
3： 1930， dāng dì bào zhǐ， shí xí jì zhě《 míng ní 'ā bō lì sī xīn wén》； hé zhòng shè
4： 1930 héng 1949 zài hé zhòng shè
5： 1949 nián dào《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 zhí dào 1993 nián
hé zhòng shè： tā jìn rù shí shì nián qīng de jì zhě， hé zhòng shè yě shì nián qīng de， liǎng zhě bàn suí chéngzhǎng
（ 1） pīn mìng de jīng shén， xīn wén guì zài qiǎng xiān， qiǎng zài měi lián shè qiān fā；
（ 2） guān yú jiā xiāng jīng jì shuāi tuì de tè xiě， zài zhǔn bèi bào dào shí， shòu dào 'ā bó lì cí lǐng dǎo rén de zǔ zhǐ， zuì hòu fā biǎo shòu dào liǎo gǔ wǔ。
（ 3） zài hé zhòng shè lǐ de hòu shí nián， dāng zhù wài jì zhě。
6： tú jīng sū lián： guān yú sū lián de bào dào 1943， fù miàn bào dào
7： 1949， bèi《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 gāo xīn wā zǒu， cǐ shí yǐ chéng wéi míng jì zhě。 bèi pài wǎng sū lián， dāi liǎo 6 nián（ dào 1955 nián）
8： qián yī gè xīng qī， zài wū lǐ kàn bào zhǐ， fā xiàn sū gòng yǔ zhōng gòng guān xì bù zhèng cháng（《 jī guān bào》、《 zhēn lǐ bào》 duì zhōng guó jiě fàng shèng lì de bào dào jí shǎo）
9： yī biān fā gǎo yī biān shōu jí cái liào， 1995 nián huí guó hòu， fā biǎo liǎo yī xì liè guān yú sū lián de bào dào， huò dé liǎo 1995 nián pǔ lì cè guó jì bào dào jiǎng， sū lián yǒng yuǎn jù jué tā rù jìng。
10： huí guó hòu， yī duàn shí jiān bǐ jiào xián， biān ji kǎ tè lì qí jiàn yì qí guān zhù niǔ yuē wèi shēng wèn tí， mǎ shàng tóu rù dào niǔ yuē wèi shēng de bào dào zhōng， huā liǎo 120 duō tián páo biàn niǔ yuē suǒ yòu lā jī chǎng kǎo chá， cǎi fǎng suǒ yòu yǔ wèi shēng yòu guān de rén， fā liǎo xì liè bào dào《 niǔ yuē de lā jī》
11： 60 nián dài chū guān zhù měi guó zhǒng zú qí shì wèn tí：
（ 1）： qù bó míng hàn bù 'ěr， huí měi guó hòu xiě liǎo yī zǔ guān yú zhǒng zú qí shì de bào dào（ bào dào fā chū hòu， duō cì zāo dào sù sòng： fěi bàng zuì）；
（ 2）： bù jiǔ hòu， měi guó chū tái guān yú zhǒng zú qí shì de fǎ lǜ， shǐ qí miǎn shòu má fán
12： 60 nián dài zhōng qī， guān yú yuè nán zhàn zhēng de bào dào（ zài cǐ zhī qián， měi guó duì yú yuè nán zhàn zhēng de bào dào shì piàn miàn de） 1966 nián shēn rù zhàn zhēng dì yī xiàn， kè guān de cóng gè fāng miàn liǎo jiě bào dào， fā xiàn měi guó méi tǐ hé zhèng fǔ qī piàn liǎo měi guó rén mín， yǐn qǐ liǎo měi guó jí dà de zhèn dòng， pò shǐ měi guó zhèng fǔ chè jūn；
13： yī shēng xiě guò hěn duō wén xué zuò pǐn， wǎn nián rèn měi guó zuò jiā xié huì zhù xí， céng rèn《 niǔ yuē shí bào》 fù zǒng biān ji。
14： guān yú cháng zhēng de cǎi fǎng： 1984 nián chéng xíng，
（ 1）： 1944， zài sū lián yù jiàn sī nuò， bìng shēn shòu qí gǎn rǎn hé yǐng xiǎng。 kāi shǐ liǎo jiě cháng zhēng， cǐ hòu yī zhí shōu jí yòu guān cháng zhēng de zī liào；
（ 2）： 1972， zuò wéi měi zuò xié zhù xí shuài lǐng zuò jiā dài biǎo tuán fǎng wèn zhōng guó， zhōu 'ēn lái jiè jiàn， tí chū duì zǒu cháng zhēng lù xiàn cǎi fǎng de yào qiú， bèi xiè jué。
（ 3）： 1984， zhōng guó gǎi gé kāi fàng， 3 yuè， tā yǔ qī zǐ fǎng wèn zhōng guó。 yòng yī gè yuè cǎi fǎng liǎo zhù zài běi jīng， jīng guò cháng zhēng de rén hé jiā shǔ， dài bìng， yòng liǎng gè yuè zǒu wán cháng zhēng lù。
（ 4）： 1985， chū bǎn fēngmǐ quán qiú de《 cháng zhēng： qián suǒ wèi yòu de gù shì》 zài cǐ yǐn fā cháng zhēng rè。 cǐ hòu yī zhí guān zhù zhōng guó
15： 1992 nián méng shēng zài cì lái dào zhōng guó xiǎng fǎ， zǒu dèng xiǎo píng nán xún lù xiàn
16： 1992 nián zhōng fēng zhù yuàn， 1993 nián shì shì
He spent nearly 20 years with United Press, much of it overseas, and was UP's foreign editor during the last two years of World War II. Additionally, he was The New York Times' Moscow bureau chief from 1949-1954. Salisbury constantly battled Soviet censorship and won the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 1955. He twice (in 1957 and 1966) received the George Polk Award for Foreign Reporting.
In the 1960s, he covered the growing civil rights movement in the Southern United States. From there, he directed The Times' coverage of President John F. Kennedy's assassination in 1963. In 1970, he created The Times' Op-Ed page and was assistant managing editor from 1964–1972, associate editor from 1972-1973. He retired from The Times in 1973.
Salisbury was among the earliest mainstream journalists to oppose the Vietnam War after reporting from North Vietnam in 1966. He took much heat from the Johnson Administration and the political Right, but his previous standards of objectivity helped to sway journalistic opinion against the war. He is interviewed in the anti-Vietnam War documentary film In the Year of the Pig. He was the first American journalist to report on the Vietnam War from North Vietnam after having been invited there by the North Vietnamese government in late 1966. His report was the first that genuinely questioned the American air war.
Reported extensively from Communist China, where, in 1989, he witnessed the bloody student uprising at Tiananmen Square.
He wrote 29 books, including American in Russia (1955) and Behind the Lines—Hanoi (1967). His other books include The Shook-Up Generation (1958), Orbit of China (1967), War Between Russia and China (1969), The 900 Days: The Siege of Leningrad (1969), "The Gates of Hell" (1975), Black Night, White Snow: Russia's Revolutions 1905-1917 (1978), Without Fear or Favor: The New York Times and Its Times (1980), Journey For Our Times (autobiographical, 1983), China: 100 Years of Revolution, (1983), The Long March: The Untold Story (1985), Tiananmen Diary: Thirteen Days in June (1989), The New Emperors: China in the Era of Mao and Deng (1992) and his last, Heroes of My Time (1993). The 900 Days was in the process of being adapted into a feature film by famous Italian director Sergio Leone at the time of Leone's death in 1989.
Salisbury was an Eagle Scout and a recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America.
Reference
^ Pace, Eric (1993-07-07). "Harrison E. Salisbury, 84, Author and Reporter, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-04-26.
^ Grant, Zalin. Over the Beach The Air War in Vietnam. Pocket Books. New York: 1986. Pages 106-112.
^ "Distinguished Eagle Scouts". Scouting.org. Retrieved 2010-11-04.