yuán dài zuòzhělièbiǎo
zhōu qíng chuān Zhou Qingchuan(yuán dài)zhāng zhù Zhang Zhu(yuán dài)bái Bai Piao(yuán dài)
zhāng jiǔ Zhang Kejiu(yuán dài)wéi 'ān Wei Juan(yuán dài)fāng huí Fang Hui(yuán dài)
jīn xiáng Jin Lvxiang(yuán dài)liú Liu Yu(yuán dài)xiān shū Xianyu Shu(yuán dài)
shào hēng zhēn Shao Hengzhen(yuán dài) zàn Ni Zan(yuán dài) Wu Xiyi(yuán dài)
zhāng Zhang Yu(yuán dài)qiáo Qiao Ji(yuán dài) zhì yuǎn Ma ZhiYuan(yuán dài)
liú bǐng zhōng Liu Bingzhong(yuán dài)zhōu qīng Zhou Deqing(yuán dài) jiǔ gāo Sima Jiugao(yuán dài)
shī míng Xu Shiming(yuán dài)wáng yùn Wang Yun(yuán dài)zhào mèng Zhao Mengfu(yuán dài)
míng shì Mo Mingshi(yuán dài)wáng miǎn Wang Mian(yuán dài)yuán huái Yuan Huai(yuán dài)
féng zhèn Feng Zizhen(yuán dài)táo zōng Tao Zongyi(yuán dài)shì shàn zhù Shi Shanzhu(yuán dài)
guō Guo Yu(yuán dài) Sa Doula(yuán dài)liú yīn Liu Yin(yuán dài)
guān hàn qīng Guan Hanqing(yuán dài) jūn hòu Di Junhou(yuán dài)fàn kāng Fan Kang(yuán dài)
gāo wén xiù Gao Wenxiu(yuán dài)jīn rén jié Jin Renjie(yuán dài)gōng tiān tǐng Gong Tianting(yuán dài)
kǒng wén qīng Kong Wenqing(yuán dài)wáng shí Wang Shifu(yuán dài)mèng hàn qīng Meng Hanqing(yuán dài)
shàng zhòng xián Shang Zhongxian(yuán dài)shí jūn bǎo Dan Junbao(yuán dài)zhāng yǎng hào Zhang Yanghao(yuán dài)
liú zhì Liu Zhi(yuán dài)zhāng jiǔ Zhang Kejiu(yuán dài)guàn yún shí Guan Yundan(yuán dài)
zhì Lu Zhi(yuán dài)zhèng guāng Zheng Guangzu(yuán dài)gāo míng Gao Ming(yuán dài)
jūn xiáng Ji Junxiang(yuán dài)zhèng tíng Zheng Tingyu(yuán dài)zhāng guó bīn Zhang Guobin(yuán dài)
yuè chuān Yue Bachuan(yuán dài)yáng Yang Zi(yuán dài) hàn chén Wu Hanchen(yuán dài)
wáng chéng Wang Bacheng(yuán dài) wén wèi Li Wenwei(yuán dài) zhí Li Zhifu(yuán dài)
chāng líng Wu Changling(yuán dài)wáng zhòng wén Wang Zhongwen(yuán dài) shòu qīng Li Shouqing(yuán dài)
wáng shí Wang Shifu
yuán dài  (1260nián1336nián)
xìng: wáng
míng: xìn
jíguàn: běi shěng bǎo dìng shì dìng xīng
jīnshǔ: běi jīng
chūshēngdì:

shīcíshān yáng · chūn shuì Brae Sheep Chun sleep》   shí 'èr yuè guò yáo mín · bié qíng Dec Guoyao Ballad Bieqing》    xiāng běnzhāng jūn ruì nào dào chǎng The romance of west chamber Chiefly root Zhangjunruinao Taoist or buddhist rites (performed to save the souls of the dead) poetic drama __set__ to music,flourishing in the Yuan Dynasty》    xiāng 'èr běncuī yīng yīng tīng qín The romance of west chamber Secondly root Cui yingying dark Cheonggeum poetic drama __set__ to music,flourishing in the Yuan Dynasty》    xiāng sān běnzhāng jūn ruì hài xiāng The romance of west chamber Third Benzhangjunrui Calamity lovesickness poetic drama __set__ to music,flourishing in the Yuan Dynasty》    xiāng běnzhāng jūn ruì mèng yīng yīng The romance of west chamber Fourthly Benzhangjunruimengyingying poetic drama _set_ to music,flourishing in the Yuan Dynasty》    xiāng běnzhāng jūn ruì qìng tuán yuán The romance of west chamber Fifth Benzhangjunruiqing Reunion poetic drama __set__ to music,flourishing in the Yuan Dynasty》    chéngxiàng gāo huì chūn táng four Prime minister Gaohuilichuntang》    méng zhèng fēng xuě yáo   tào shù cycle of songs in a traditional opera》   gèngduōshīgē...

yuèdòuwáng shí Wang Shifuzài诗海dezuòpǐn!!!
名德信,大都人,生卒年与生平事迹俱不详。《录鬼簿》把他列入 “ 前辈已死名公才人” 而位于关汉卿之后,可以推知他与关同时而略晚,在元成宗元贞、大德年间(1295~1307)尚在世。贾仲明在追吊他的〔凌波仙〕词中,约略提到有关他的情况: “风月营密匝匝列旌旗,鸯花寨明飚飚排剑戟。翠红乡雄赳赳施谋智。作词章,风韵美,士林中等辈伏低。” 所谓“风月营”、“莺花寨”,是艺人官妓聚居的场所。王实甫混迹其间,可见与市民大众十分接近。

《西厢记》可谓是家喻户晓的一部剧作,在元代就被誉为:“新杂剧,旧传奇,《西厢记》天下夺魁。”她诞生七百年来,被全国多个剧种演唱至今,久演不衰。可关于《西厢记》作者王实甫的生平史料却极为少见。元末钟嗣成所编纂的元杂剧作家传《录鬼簿》,也只说他“名德言,大都人”,列“前辈已死名公才人”等,寥寥数语。也难怪,元杂剧作家大多是混迹于倡优之间,纵情风月的市井文人,无权无势无地位,谁会为他们树碑立传哪!
  王实甫虽然生平史料留下的不多,但他的老子和儿子却都是元代显赫的官场人物,留下了一些翔实的史料,从中倒可以了解王实甫的一些形状。据《元史》记载,王实甫的祖籍是今河北保定的定兴县。他的父亲王逖勋从质子军,跟随成吉思汗西征至西域,娶信仰伊斯兰教的阿噜浑氏为妻。阿噜浑人在元代为色目人之一种,亦称回回人。这样,王实甫应该有一半回族血统。如果按现在的不同民族配偶所生子女,可自由选择族别的政策,王实甫可以选择汉族,也可以选择回族。至于元代的政策如何?就不得而知了。不过,元代色目人的地位是高于汉族人的。王实甫是回族,还是汉族?现在也只能是一个谜了。
  王实甫的父亲,曾“赠通议大夫、礼部尚书、太原郡侯。”母亲阿噜浑氏,“赠太原郡夫人”。王实甫不仅出身官宦名门之家,而且他自己也是做过官的。先以县官入仕,因治县有声,后提升为陕西行台监察御史。但总因“与台臣议不合,40岁即弃官不复仕。”王实甫40岁就当了省级领导干部,本来前途无量,却弃官不仕。回到大都后,他一头扎进关汉卿的“玉京书会”,出入于歌台舞榭之中,厮混于勾栏瓦舍之间,开始了他的戏剧创作生涯。
  王实甫的儿子王结,《元史》中有传,“以宿卫入仕,官至中书左丞、中书参知政事,地位显赫。”王结对自己有这样一位不务正业的父亲,大概觉得脸上无光,曾劝解父亲不要涉足“歌吹之地”,在家安心养老,有“微资堪赡赒,有园林堪纵游”。但王实甫痴迷于“风月营,密匝匝,列旌旗。莺花寨,明飚飚,排剑戟。翠红乡,雄赳赳,施谋智。作词章,风韵美。士林中,等辈伏低。”他乐此不疲,已不可能放弃他的创作了。王结也无可奈何。
  元大都时期的西四砖塔胡同一带,有勾栏数十处,是元杂剧演出的主要场所,也是三教九流聚集的地方。王实甫、关汉卿等,整日流连于此,能体味到社会下层人的生活,反映他们的愿望。
  王实甫一生共创作了14部杂剧,除《崔莺莺待月西厢记》、《吕蒙正风雪破窑记》、《四丞相歌舞丽春堂》留有全本外,还有《苏小卿月夜贩茶船》、《韩彩云丝竹芙蓉亭》各一折。他的代表作《西厢记》,在戏剧结构、矛盾冲突、人物塑造等方面,都取得了很高的艺术成就,无论是思想性,还是艺术性,都达到了元杂剧的一个高峰,成为最具舞台生命力的一部佳作。《西厢记》所表达的“愿普天下有情人都成眷属”的思想,在中国文学史上还是第一次。《西厢记》突破了元杂剧一本四折的格式,长达五本21折,不因篇幅限制而造成剧情简单化和模式化的缺点。这一形式上的大胆革新,对后来的戏剧创作起到了引领作用。
  《西厢记》不仅是一部戏剧,她也是中国文学史上的一部不朽名著。“碧云天,黄花地,西风紧,北雁南飞。晓来谁染霜林醉?总是离人泪……”谁不为这华彩的词章而拍案叫绝哪!


Wang Shifu (Chinese王实甫pinyinWáng Shífǔ), courtesy name of Wang Dexin (1250-1337?), was a successful Chinese playwright of the Yuan dynasty. He was born in Dadu (present-day Beijing), the capital of the Yuan dynasty.

There are 14 plays attributed to Wang and only three are extant. His Romance of the Western Chamber (Xi Xiang Ji) is one of the most famous Chinese plays and is still popular today. It is an amplified zaju (杂剧), a then popular theatrical form.

Notes

  1. ^ Tres dramas chinos Gredos, 2002 ISBN 978-84-249-2358-7. Several dates are given for his death. The Britannica establishes it in 1337 
  2. ^ Britannica Article, Alicia Relinque in Tres dramas chinos says only two complete works survived
  3. ^ Stephen H. West and Wilt L. Idema, "Introduction," Wang, The Moon and the Zither.

References

  • Wang, Shifu, Edited and Translated with an Introduction by Stephen H. West and Wilt L. Idema; with a Study of Its Woodblock Illustrations by Yao Dajuin. The Moon and the Zither: The Story of the Western Wing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. ISBN 0520068076.

    

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