é luó zuòzhělièbiǎo
jīng Vladimir Putin
é luó é luó lián bāng  (1950niánshíyuè7rìxiànjīn)
'ěr · luó wéi · jīng
kāiduānzhōngjié
zàiwèi2000niányuányuè1rì2008niánwǔyuè7rì

   'ěr · luó wéi · jīngé : Влади́мирВлади́мировичПу́тин, yīn: vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrvlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvʲɪt͡ɕˈputʲɪn, 1950 nián 10 yuè 7 lián liè níng xiàn 'é luó shèng bǎorénqián rèn 'é luó zǒng tǒng jīng 2000 nián zhì 2008 nián rèn zǒng tǒng jiānshǐ 'é luó zài jūn shì zhèng zhì shí shàng jūn yòu xiāng dāng de shēngdàn zài mín zhù fāng miàn zāo dào hěn duō zhēng shuō shì wèi míng shí de tiě wàn zǒng tǒng rán 'ér fǒu rèn de shì jīng zài guó nèi huò liǎo gāo de zhī chí shuài。 2007 nián jīng bèi měi guóshí dàizhōu kān xuǎn wéi dāng nián de nián fēng yún rén jīng zài dāng xuǎn zǒng tǒng qián céng jīng duǎn zàn dān rèn guò 'é luó zǒng ( 1999 nián héng 2000 nián), 2008 nián jīng xiè rèn zǒng tǒng hòu shàng bèi rèn zǒng tǒng méi wéi jié míng 'èr chū rèn zǒng
  
   zǎo nián shēng
  
  1950 nián 10 yuè 7 jīng chū shēng liè níng xiàn míng shèng bǎo)。 de zhuànjì rén chēng》( é wén: ОтПервогоЛица, yīng wén bǎn míng wéi Fromthefirstperson, zài jīng de jìng xuǎn tuán duì zhī chí xià 2000 nián chū bǎnmiáo shù liǎo bēi wēi de chū shēngēn zhè běn zhuànjì jīng zǎo nián shēng huó zài shè tuán gōng zhōng duàn xué yōng yòu xiàng lián diàn yǐng zhōng de guān yuán men yàng de zhì huì
  
   jīng de qīn · fán nuò · jīng shì míng gōng chǎng gōngér de qīn 'ěr · duō nuò wéi · jīng zài lián hǎi jūn 。 20 shì 30 nián dài jīng de qīn zài zhī qián tǐng duì zhōng hòu zài 'èr zhàn zhōng dān rèn lián nèi de bào shǒu jīng de liǎng jūn chū shēng 20 shì 30 nián dài zhōng zhōng zǎo yāolìng zài liè níng bǎo wèi zhàn zhōng bái hóu de dōng · jīng céng wéi liè níng lín dān rèn rén chú shī
  
   jīng xiǎo shí hòu hěn wán liù nián cái dāng shàng shàoxiānduì yuán。。 1975 nián jīng liè níng xué guó xué yōng yòu jīng xué shì xué wèisuí hòu jiā liǎo bìng zài liè níng gōng zuòzhè duàn shí jiān shú liǎo hòu dān rèn 'é luó guó fáng cháng de xiè 'ěr gài · wàn nuò zài xué shí jiā liǎo lián gòng chǎn dǎngqiě zhì jīn méi yòu zhèng shì xuān guò tuì dǎng。 1976 nián jīng wán chéng liǎo de xùn liànliǎng nián hòu jìn liǎo liè níng qíng bào guān yào mén zài mén gōng zuò dào 1983 niánsuí hòu zài de xué xiào xué nián。 1985- 1990 nián jiāng jīng pài qiǎn dào dōng jīng zài dāng dào yào gōng zuòliǎng tǒng hòu jīng bèi zhào huí liè níng hòu jīng yòu zài liè níng xué guó shì dào zhí wèi。 1991 nián 8 yuè 20 zài cèhuà tuī fān lián zhù 'ěr · 'ěr qiáo jiān zài qíng bào gòu de zhí wèi
   chū rèn zǒng
  
  1999 nián 8 yuè 9 jīng bèi wěi rèn wéi sān wèi 'é luó zǒng hòu zhī zài zhī hòuqián jiè zǒng lǐng dǎo de zhèng dǎo táié luó zǒng tǒng qīn zhǐ dìng jīng chū rèn zǒng qīn tóng shí xuān wàng jīng néng gòu chéng de jīng xuān jiē shòu qīn de wěi rèn。 8 yuè 16 guó jiā 233 piào tōng guò jīng chū rèn zǒng ( 84 piào fǎn duì, 17 piào quán)。 yóu zhī qián de rèn zǒng zài rèn shí jiān jūn chánggōng zhòng bìng duì dāng shí wén de jīng yòu suǒ dài jīng de zhù yào duì shǒu yóu · luò wéi · děng rén dāng shí jīng kāi shǐ liǎo jìng xuǎn huó dòngqiě zhì jīng miǎn chéng wéi qīn de chéng rénrán 'ér jīng jiān chí zhì de gōng zhòng xíng xiàng duì chē chén shì jiàn de jiān jué tài zuì zhōng shǐ chéng wéi liǎo hěn shòu huān yíng de zǒng tǒng hòu xuǎn rén
  
   jīng duì chē chén shì jiàn shǐ zhì zhōng chí qiáng yìng tài 。 1999 niánchē chén fēn zhù fènzǐ qīn lín jìn de tǎn gòng guó jīng shàng xià lìng hái 。 1999 nián 12 yuè 31 jīng fǎng wèn liǎo chē chén de 'é luó guān bīngzhè shēng liǎo de gōng zhòng de xíng xiàngjìn nián lái jīng dàn huà liǎo chē chén shì jiàn de zhòng yào xìng。 2003 niánchē chén xīn xiàn guī dìng chē chén shì 'é luó de fēn shì fāng cái huǎn hòu láichē chén jiàn liǎo xuǎn zhì fāng zhèng chē chén shì jiàn jīhū jīng shùn jiě jué
  
   dāng shí jīng bìng méi yòu rèn dǎng pài jiàn zhèng shì guān dàn zhī chí de tǒng 'é luó dǎng zài 1999 nián guó jiā xuǎn zhōng yíng liǎo 23.32% de piào shùzài suǒ yòu dǎng pài zhōng wèi liè 'èr míngzhì jīng chéng wéi 2000 nián 'é luó zǒng tǒng xuǎn zhōng shèng suàn zuì gāo de hòu xuǎn rén
   chéng wéi zǒng tǒng
  
  1999 nián jīng bèi qīn zǒng tǒng wěi rèn wéi 'é luó zǒng tóng nián 12 yuè 31 wǎn qīn rán xuān zhí jīng gēn 'é luó xiàn guī dìng chū rèn dài zǒng tǒngyīn wéi shìyuán dìng 2000 nián 6 yuè xíng de 'é luó zǒng tǒng xuǎn qián dào 3 yuè 26 xuǎn de qián shǐ fǎn duì dǎng pài chōng fēn zuò hǎo zhǔn bèiér jīng shí zhǎng quán xuē ruò liǎo fǎn duì dǎng pài de liàngyīn zài suí hòu de xuǎn shàng jīng huò shèng bìng chū rèn zǒng tǒng
   jīng de xíng xiàng biàn 'é luó jiē xiàng
  
  2000 nián 10 yuè jīng tōng guò liǎo 'é luó guó xiū gǎi 'ànjiāng guó gēqǔ diào xiū gǎi wéi 1991 nián qián lián guó de qǔdiàodàn pèi shàng liǎo tóng de
  
  2001 nián 2 yuè 12 jīng qiān shǔ liǎo xiàng 'ànguī dìng guó jiā bǎo qián zǒng tǒng men de jiā tíngzhè zhù yào shì yīn wéi 1999 nián qián zǒng tǒng qīn jiā rén bèi huái cānyù qián děng tān xíng wéi
  
  2004 nián 3 yuè 14 jīng chéng gōng lián rèn zǒng tǒngbìng dào 71% de jué duì duō shù piàozài de 'èr jiè zǒng tǒng rèn zhōng fāng rén shì guǎng fàn pēng duì xīn wén yóu de tóng shí, 2005 nián xiàng diào chá xiǎn shì, 82% de 'é luó rén tóng xīn wén shěn cháduì zhè diào cháshè huì xué jiā men rèn wéi 'é luó rén suǒ tóng de shì duì lún fāng miàn yòu zhēng de nèi róng jìn xíng xiàn zhìér fēi duì zhèng zhì nèi róng de xiàn zhì
  
  2004 nián 9 yuè 13 zài bié lán rén zhì shì jiàn hòu jīng jiàn chéng gōng kāi gòuqiě yòng zhè xíng shì dài liǎo yuán běn 'é luó zhí jiē zhǐ dìng fāng guān yuán de zhì jīng jiā liǎo duì kǒng zhù de yóu shì jiā zhòng liǎo duì zhèng guān yuán bāo kǒng fènzǐ de chéng jīng shuōé luó yòu quán cóng kǒng fènzǐ de cáng shēn suǒ zhōng dài bìng xiāo miè menqiě ruò yòu yào zài guó wài dài 。”
  
   zhù yào yóu jīng zhī chí de tǒng 'é luó dǎng zài jīng rèn nèi duō biǎo duì jīng xiǎng de rèn tóng。 2006 nián 12 yuètǒng 'é luó dǎng dài biǎo huì tōng guò gāng lǐng men xuǎn de 'é luó guī bìng shēng míng liǎo jīng xiǎng wéi gāi dǎng de zhǐ dǎo xiǎngzhè shēng míng zhōng de zhù yào zhàn lüè jūn jīng de zhèng zhìqiě jīng deguó qíng wénnèi róng běn xiǎng xiāng tóng
  
   yóu qián 'é luó xiàn duì zǒng tǒng rèn de xiàn zhì jīng cānyù 2008 nián de zǒng tǒng xuǎn。 2007 nián jīng zài jiē shòu guó tuán zhě cǎi fǎng shí rèn wéi,“ 5 dào 7 nián de zǒng tǒng rèn shì wán quán jiē shòu de”, àn shì néng tōng guò xiū gǎi xiàn yán cháng zǒng tǒng rèn qián 'é luó zǒng tǒng qīn zhí fǎn duì jīng xiū xiànzài 2007 nián guó jiā xuǎn shàng shèng de tǒng 'é luó dǎng zhù biǎo jiàn shuō jīng huì xiū gǎi xiàn
  
   rán 'érxiàn bìng méi yòu xiàn zhì rén dāng xuǎn zǒng tǒng de shùyīn jīng néng huì zài 2012 nián juézhú zǒng tǒng wèi zhì jīng zài xuǎn qián xuān zhírán hòu cānyù jìng xuǎn xiē méi hái rèn wéi jīng néng xuǎn zhǐ dìng jiē bān rén hòu kāibìng zài hòu cāo zòng 'é luó zhèng zhì shìrán 'ér, 2007 nián 2 yuè 1 jīng gōng kāi fǒu rèn zhè néng shuō:“ huì zhǐ dìng chéng réné luó lián bāng de zǒng tǒng jiāng huì tōng guò xuǎn gōng zhèng shēng chéng。” wài hái yòu rén rèn wéi jīng néng xuǎn jiā tǒng 'é luó dǎng bìng chū rèn dǎng kuízhè yàng jiù huì zài guó jiā zhōng zhàn gāo wèijìn 'ér zhǎng shí quán
  
  2007 nián 12 yuètǒng 'é luó dǎng děng dǎng pài tuī · méi wéi jié wéi xià rèn 'é luó zǒng tǒng jīng biǎo shì tóng zhè yàng jīng xiū xiàn bìng chū rèn zǒng tǒng de shuài jiù biàn hěn xiǎo liǎo
   wài jiāo zhèng
  
   zài wài jiāo fāng miàn jīng shì huī 'é luó zài lián shí dài de chāo guó wèibìng liǎo dìng chéng gōng , 2007 nián hēi huì shàng jīng zhǐ měi guó zài guó shì shàng de zhuān héngbìng shēng chēng měi guó zài guó shì shàngháo zhē yǎn shǐ yòng qiáng quán”。 wài jīng hái shuō:“ méi yòu rén huì gǎn dào 'ān quánméi yòu rén huì rèn wéi guó shì néng bǎo men de qiángměi guó de zhèng zhèng zài shì jiè fàn wéi nèi de jūn bèi jìng sài。”
  
   jīng zhǐ chū xiǎng de shì jiè zhì yīngshì gōng zhèngmín zhù de shì jiè zhì néng bǎo zhèng suǒ yòu rén de 'ān quán cái ér fēi shǎo shù rén de。” zài yóu kāi kòng zhì fáng zhǐ tài kōng jūn bèi zhōng dào liǎo zhòng yào de zuò yòng。 2007 nián 1 yuè jīng zài cǎi fǎng zhōng shuōé luó zhù zhāng mín zhù duō huà de shì jiè zhì qiě zhī chí gǒng guó tǒng
  
   tóng shí jīng lǐng dǎo xià de 'é luó 'ōu méngměi guó děng fāng guó jiā jié zhàn lüè guān yīn é luó chéng wéi guó tuán de chéng yuánqiě 2006 nián chū rèn zhù guó( 2007 nián jiāo yóu guó dān rèn)。 jīng guān zhù zhōu shì yóu guān zhù zhōng guó yìn de dòng xiàng
  
   xiē fāng zhèng zhì jiāzhǎng zhǐ jīng de quán zhù qīng xiàngjìn guǎn jīng měi guó qián zǒng tǒng shíyīng guó qián shǒuxiàng lāi 'ěr guó qián zǒng shī luó děng rén bǎo chí yǒu hǎo guān dàn xīn rèn guó zǒng 'ěr jīng de guān bìng xiǎng。 2005 nián jīng guó zǒng · shī luó duì 'é luó guó zhī jiān de tiáo tiān rán guǎn xiàn de jiàn zhù shì jìn xíng liǎo cuō shāngtóng niánshī luó cān jiā liǎo jīng zài shèng bǎo bàn de 53 suì shēng yàn huìrán 'éré luó yīng guó de guān què róng guān: 2006 nián táo wáng yīng guó de qián 'é luó gōng wéi nián zhòngdú shēn wáng shì 'è huà liǎo 'é yīng guān wài jīng duō shì lián guó jiā jiàn liáng hǎo de wài jiāo guān jīng 'ōu méngběi yuē děng fāng zhì jìn zhōngdōng 'ōu guóyóu shì luó de hǎi guóde guān
  
   zài 2004 nián lán zǒng tǒng xuǎn qián jīng liǎng fǎng wèn lán biǎo shì duì lán zǒng wéi duō · fèi 'ào duō luó wéi · wéi de zhī chízài xuǎn jiēguǒ jiē xiǎo qián jīng hái wéi wéi jīhū què xìn de shèng zhì xìn jīng duì qīn 'é luó de wéi de zhī chí bèi guǎng fàn píng wéi gān shè lán nèi zhèng wàitóng shǔ qián lián de 'ěr duō hái píng liǎo 'é luó zhèng duì liǎng guó fēn zhù fènzǐ de zhī chíé luó luó de hǎi zhū guó de wài jiāo guān chǔyú jǐn zhāng de zhuàng tài zhōngér 'ài shā duì 'é luó de píng shǐ liǎng guó wài jiāo guān jìn jiāng huàzhí zhù de shì jīng de qīn céng zài 'èr zhàn bào rèn zhōng xiǎn xiē 'ài shā bèi shā hàiyòu xué zhě rèn wéi zhè shì jīng duì 'ài shā tài lěng dàn de yuán yīn
   duì wài jūn shì zhèng
  
  2001 niándāng jiǔ shì jiàn shēng shí jīng tóng zài zhōng chéng zuò jūn shì zhè jué dìng jǐn shǐ 'é luó mín zhù rén shì gǎn dào chī jīng shǐ 'é guó guó fáng cháng gǎn dào jīng 。 2003 nián jīng fǎn duì měi guó zài wèi lián guó 'ān huì shòu quán de qíng kuàng xià qīn kāi zhàn hòuměi guó zǒng tǒng shí yào qiú xiāo duì de zhì cái jīng zhī chí xiāo zhì cáibìng rèn wéi lián guó yīnggāi xiān wán chéng duì guī shā shāng xìng de diào chá
  
   hēi jiǎng huà hòu yáng liǎng 'àn bào liǎo duì jīng de tǎo lùnzài wèi guó zhàn zhēng shèng 62 zhōu nián niàn shàng jīng shuō:“ men de wēi xié bìng wèi jiǎn tuìxiāng fǎn men zhèng zài màn màn zhuǎn biàn shàng céng miàn shā ér xīn xíng chéng de wēi xié yào zài shì jiè jiàn cuì guó cǎo jiān rén mìnggāng yòng quán cái de zhèng quán。” yòu píng lùn rèn wéizhè shì jiāng měi guó cuì guóxiàng jiàozài 33 jiè guó fēng huì qián lán zhèng zhì jiā de měi guó zhě 'ān · ài xiě dào:“ guǎn shì wēi xié 'ài shā xìn zhànwēi xié duàn jué táo wǎn de yuán gōngjǐhái shì jìn yùn jiǔ lán ròu yuánzhè qiēdōu yòu zhèng míng liǎo jīngjìn nián lái zhǔn bèi jiāng 'é luó de yǐng xiǎng kuò dào qián lián zhū jiā méng guó── ér wán quán zhè xiē guó jiā de gǎn shòu tóng shí shì shí yuè lái yuè qīng chǔ jiāng fāng guó jiā shì zuò mào zhèng zhì de huǒ bàn gèng qīng xiàng lěng zhàn de lǎo wéi jiāng men shì zhī wéi yǎn zhōng dīngròu zhōng 。”
  
   jīng cóng shǐ zhì zhōng zhí fǎn duì měi guó zài 'ōu zhōu jiàn dǎo dàn fáng tǒng de jìhuàwéi jǐng shì měi guó zǒng tǒng xiǎo shí jīng 2007 nián 6 yuè 7 jié qiān shǔ xié yǔn jié shǐ yòng 'ā sài bài jiāng de lián léi miǎn lìng xíng xiū shàn de fèi yòng jīng shēng chēng zhǔn bèi hǎo chóngxiū 1985 nián de qián lián dǎo dàn jǐng tǒngjìn guǎn guó 'é luó huì zài lán jiàn lán jié tǒng jīng què zhǐ chū zài yào qíng kuàng xià huì xún qiú běi yuē chéng yuán guó 'ěr de yuán zhù wài jīng hái shēng chēngé luó huì jiē shòu 'ōu zhōu guó jiā de cānyù qǐng qiú
   wèn zhèng
  
   zuò wéi wéi céng lǎng jiù yán jiū wèn zuò de guó jiāé luó bèi rèn wéi shì lǎng wèn zhōng de guān jiàn yòuqiān 'ér dòng quán shēnde jué dìng xìng wèijìn guǎn 'é luó céng lǎng guān mìqièbìng shì yòng lǎng qiān zhì měi guó děng fāng guó jiādàn jīng bìng zhī chí lǎng jìhuàsuī rán 'é luó bāng zhù lǎng jiàn shè shí 'ěr diàn zhàndàn lǎng zài yán jiū fāng miàn què zhù yào lài tǎn jīng jǐn duō biǎo tài zhī chí kuò sànqiě zài guó tuán huì shàng qiān fǎn duì
  
   ér zhì cháo xiāné luó zài jiàn guó hòu biàn duì lěng dànzhuǎn 'ér zhī chí hán guó jīng shàng rèn lái jǐn duō fǎng cháoqiě huà jiě liǎo cháo hán zhī jiān qián zài de zhàn zhēng wēi wài jīng céng duì cháo xiān biǎo tàiyuàn bāng zhù cháo xiān huǎn jiě jīng wèn 。 2002 nián cháo wèn zài xiàn láié luó duō xún qiú jiā huì tánbìng zuì zhōng yuàn cháng。 2006 niáncháo xiān jìn xíng shì bào jīng zài huò hòudāng biǎo shì qiǎn cháo xiān shì yànbìng zhào liǎo liù guó huì zhōng de guótǎo lùn cháo wèn zǒng de lái jiǎng shuō jīng duì kuò sàn wèn chí jiān jué fǎn duì de tài
   é lǐng wèn
  
   běi fāng dǎo shì 'é tán pàn zhōng de guān jiàn diǎn
  
  2000 nián 1 yuè jīng fāng cái shàng rèn 'é luó zǒng tǒngbiàn zhì diàn běn shǒuxiàng sēn lǎng wàng shuāng fāng jìn hánghuì tánxiàn zhèng zhì wēi de sēn lǎng dāng chǎng tóng wàng kào huì tán jiě jué liǎng guó lǐng wèn huò zhèng zhì běnrán 'ér jīng tài jiān juézài tóng nián 9 yuè fǎng wèn běn shí jué liǎo sēn lǎng zhí xíng chuān nài 'àn de yào qiúér jīng chū xiān xíng jié zhōng jiān xìng tiáo yuē bèi sēn lǎng juéshuāng fāng jīng guò tán pàn hòu 2001 nián 3 yuè gòng tóng xuān tōng guò 1956 nián lián shēng míngrán 'érsēn lǎng nèi dāng shí de zhī chí shuài xià jiàng dào 9%, qiě yòu yào qiú xià tái de shēngtóng nián 4 yuèyóu kào 'é luó fǎn de wàng mièsēn lǎng xià táixiǎo quán chún láng jiē rèn shǒuxiàng
  
  2003 niánzài duì zhōngcháohán sān guó wài jiāo jūn de qíng kuàng xiàxiǎo quán chún láng jué dìng xún qiú 'é luó bāng zhùjìn 'ér fǎng wèn 'é luó jìn guǎn zài zhè fǎng wèn zhōng jīng biǎo tài zhī chí běn chéng wéi lián guó 'ān huì cháng rèn shì guódàn zài lǐng wèn shàngliǎng guó réng wèi chéng zhì gòng shí。 2004 niánzài běn mín dǎng qíng kuàng de bèi jǐng xiàxiǎo quán jué dìng zài lǐng wèn zhè běn jué dìng jiànglǐng wèn zuò wéi zhù yào wèn tǎo lùntóng nián 9 yuè 2 xiǎo quán fǎng wèn běi fāng dǎozāo 'é luó qiáng liè kàng liǎng guó wài jiāo xiàn jiāng 。 11 yuèwéi wài jiāo jiāng é luó wài cháng luó chènyuàn zūn shǒu lián shēng míngguī hái dǎo zhōng de liǎng jīng duì biǎo shì zàn yīn jīng jué dìng zài lǐng wèn shàng fàng sōng wéi fǎng zào shì
  
   rán 'éré luó yòu rén shì duì biǎo shì jiān jué fǎn duì lín dǎo mín zhòng shèn zhì zhì mín bīng zhǐ běn dào dǎoshèn zhì yòu duān zhě shēng chēngruò 'é luó yào guī hái lǐng jiāng huì yào qiú jīng xià tái běn duì 'é luó jǐn hái liǎng dǎo wéi mǎnshèn zhì zài huí yìng shí zhǐ chēng jīng de huà quán shì lián shí de chén làn diào”。 jīng huí yìng shuōzài lián shēng míng zhōng jǐn yòu guī hái 'èr dǎo de tiáo kuǎn néng jiě běn fāng miàn de yào qiú”。 yīn zhí dào xiàn zàié lǐng wèn shàng wèi jiě jué
   wéi nián shì jiàn
  
  2007 nián 7 yuè 20 yīng guó shǒuxiàng dēng · lǎng xuān jiāng míng 'é luó wài jiāo guān zhú chū jìng yóu shì 'é luó jué jiāo chū bèi kòng móu shā lìng míng qián gōng shān · wéi nián de qián gōng 'ān liè · jìn guǎn 'é luó xiàn guī dìng jìn zhǐ jiāng 'é luó gōng mín qiǎn sòng zhì guó jiādàn yīng guó wàixiàng wèi · bān shuō:“ wéi quán 'ōu zhōu tōng lìng xiū gǎi xiàn bìng fēi shǐ qián yòu xiē guó jiā jīng zuò guò。” zhè yán lùn hòu bèi 'é luó méi zhǐ wéiyīng guó shì yào qiú 'é guó xiū xiàn”。 gēn xiàng mín diào, 62% de 'é luó rén fǎn duì xiū xiànduì yīng guó zhù 'é luó shǐ tuō · lán dùn huí yìng shuōyīng guó bìng wèi qiǎngpò 'é luó xiū gǎi xiàn ér zhǐ shì wèile miáo shù qiǎn sòng de néng xìng。, jīng suí hòu yào qiú yīng guó guān yuánxiū xià de nǎo ”, yòu shuō yīng guó de yào qiú shìzhí mín shí jiù xiǎng de ”。 wéi nián de péng yǒu céng chēng wéi nián qián zhǐ jīng cāo zòng móu shā 'àné méi hòu zhǐ zhè yán lùn shíér jīng shuō:“ rén shuō de huà pèi bèi píng lùn。” zhè shì jiàn bèi shì zuò 'é yīng guān 1996 nián jiān dié shì jiàn hòu zuì de chōng jīng hòu yòu shuō:“ men huì guò zhè xiǎo wēi é yīng guān réng jiāng píng wěn qián jìn lùn shì 'é guó rén hái shì yīng guó réndōu wàng liǎng guó guān jìn zǎo zhèng cháng huà。” jìn guǎn tuō · lán dùn réng bèi 'é luó wài jiāo xiàn 10 tiān zuò chū huí yìngé luó zhèng hái tíng zhǐ wéi yīng guó guān yuán bān qiān zhèngé luó tíng zhǐ liǎo yīng guó zài fǎn kǒng shàng de zuòé luó gōng huì zhù shān · suǒ jīn chēngzài 'é tóu de yīng shāng jiāng huì miàn línshuì tiáo shàng de xiàn zhìér qiě men hái huì shī zhèng cǎi gòu de huì。” yòu rén rèn wéimóu shā 'àn de gēn yuán shì 2003 nián yīng guó xuān duì céng shì tuī fān jīng zhèng quán de 'é luó háo bào · bié liè zuǒ gōng de zhèng zhì ér bié liè zuǒ shì wéi nián de zàn zhù shāng
   zhī chí
  
   xiàng mín diào xiǎn shìjié zhǐ dào 2007 nián 11 yuè jīng de zhī chí shuài gāo 84%, wèi liè shì jiè de zhī chí shuài zài 1999 nián 8 yuè zhǐ yòu 31%, dàn 11 yuè shí 80%, cóng hòu zài méi yòu diē guò 65%。 fēn rén shì rèn wéi jīng de gāo zhī chí shuài zhù yào lái yuán rèn nèi mín shēng de xiǎn zhù gāo 'é luó zhòng huò shì jiè yán quán de shì shí jīng huò gāo zhī chí shuài de lìng yuán yīn shì duō shù 'é luó rén jīng liǎo lián jiě hòuduì fāng guó jiā gǎn dào de shī wàngyīn men zài xiāng xìn qīng fāng de mín zhù pài zhèng zhì jiāér zhè xiē rén zài jīng rèn nèi shòu dào liǎo hěn de zài 'é guó zhù yào diàn shì tái nèi hěn shǎo néng kàn dào jīng fǎn duì zhěrán 'érzài méi zhōng hái shì huì yòu fǎn duì jiàn fāng méi de píng lùn duō shù 'é luó méi zài chéng shì nèi dōuyòu guǎng fàn zhědàn shì zài piān hěn duō rén shōu kàn méi yīn men zhǐ néng kàn dào guān fāng kǒu diàoé luó zhù míng píng lùn jiā léi · wéi luò shuō de diàn tái huì yòu píng jīng de yán lùnyīn wéi huān jīng
  
  2005 nián chū míng wéi shí”( Наши, wéi men de guó jiā”) de qīng nián zhì zài jīng zhèng xiē guān yuán de jìn xià 'é luó chéng de dìng wèi shì mín zhù fǎn zhìgāi zhì de zhù yào de shì miǎn 2004 nián lán chéng mìng 'é luó chóngyǎngāi zhì lǐng xiù · mén biǎo shì,“( jīng zhèng de rén néng dòng wéi xiàn zhèng biàn。” lín gōng yán rén sài · 'ěr shuō:“ men de de shì jiàn zhǒng qiē wéi zǒng tǒng de biāo xiàn shēn de shí xíng tài。” duì shí zhì píng lùn shuō:“ men wàng 'é luó chéng wéi xiàn dài huàqiáng 'ér yóu de guó jiā men de mùdì hěn míng quèjiù shì yào zài ràng guó jiā xiàn dài huà de tóng shí bǎo cún de zhèng zhì zhì 。”
   píng
  
   jìn guǎn 'é luó rén duō zhī chí jīngdàn fǎn duì de shēng yīn réng rán xiǎng qīn měi pài de méi jīng cháng zhǐ jīng de zhèng yòu fǎn mín zhù de xián lìng wài jīng de rén chóng bài zhèng zāo dào guǎng fàn de píng yòu bào dào zhǐ chū jīng cāo zòng méi zhèn zhī chí zhě wáng luó duō yīn kàng zhèng bèi duì jīng huí yìng shuō:“ zài zhè guó jiāyòu xiē xiàng zǒu gǒu yàng xiàng wài guó shǐ guǎn shízhǐ wàng dào wài guó jīn huì zhèng de zhī chíér shì kào de rén。”
  
   jīng tǒng 'é luó dǎng zài mín diào xuǎn zhōng jūn yáo yáo lǐng xiān fǎn duì dǎng pàirán 'ér zhè xiē dǎng pài jīng cháng zhǐ chū jīng jìn xíng 'àn xiāng cāo zuòxiū gǎi mín 。 2007 nián guó jiā xuǎn shíjìn guǎn jīng shēng chēng xuǎn shìguǎng fàn tòu míng chéng shídedàn 'é luó gòng chǎn dǎng zhù jiǔ jiā nuò réng rán duì jiēguǒ píng lùn shuō:“ zhè shì chū chǐ de nào guó jiā mín zhù zhì。”“ men jīn tiān kàn dào de jǐn shì yīcháng mín zhù wēi méi yòu zhù zhāng de zhèng dǎngméi yòu cān jiā biàn lùn de duō míng hòu xuǎn rén 30 tiān qián jiù suàn chū de jiēguǒxiàn zài yuè miàn qián de diàn shì píng shàng。” jīng tōng guò xiū gǎi xiàn jiāng chú 'é luó gòng chǎn dǎng wài suǒ yòu fǎn duì dǎng pài pái chú chū guó jiā de xíng wéi guǎng shòu zhēng lùn
  
   jīng shì zài liǎng jiè zǒng tǒng rèn mǎn hòu bǎo chí quán zhè dòng zhāo zhì mǎncéng yòu xiāo zhǐ chū jīng néng xiū gǎi xiàn yán cháng zǒng tǒng rèn é luó qián zǒng tǒng qīn duì biǎo shì jiān jué fǎn duì
   fāng rén shì de píng
  
   zài fāng rén shì kàn lái jīng de zhèng yán zhòng 'ài liǎo 'é luó mín zhù de zhǎnyòu xué zhě zhǐ chū jīng de zhèng shǐ 'é luó de mín zhù qián jǐng biàn gèng jiā què dìng”。 wàihái yòu xué zhě píng 'é luó duì chē chén zhèng rèn wéi jīng jiè kǒu zhàn zhēng qīn fàn chē chén rén mín rén quánqiě zài guó nèi gěi fǎn duì pài shī jiā é luó zài jīng shàng tái hòu xiǎn xiàn chū de zhèng fǔgàn shì chǎng qīng xiàng bèi yóu jīng zhù zhě zhǐ zài fāng rén shì kàn láijiù suàn jīng méi yòu shòu zhǐ 'é mín zhù jìn méi yòu zhè xiē 'ài
  
   duì fāng rén shì lái shuōé luó de mín zhù wèn zuì chū de xiàn shì guó jiā xuǎn。 2003 nián xuǎn zhōngtǒng 'é luó dǎng kòng zhì liǎo bàn shù ér 'é gòng zāo shòu bàidào liǎo 2007 niáné gòng gèng shì chéng wéi guó jiā zhōng wéi de fǎn duì dǎng duō fāng rén shì zhǐ chēng jīng yòng méi xuān chuán tǒng 'é luó dǎng xiǎngqiě shòu chéng 'é luó guó dǎngqiǎng zǒu 'é gòng de xuǎn piào wàié luó zǒng tǒng xuǎn bèi zuò wéi 'é luó mín zhù xiàn zhuàng de suō yǐngzài 'é zǒng tǒng xuǎn qiánwǎng wǎng chū xiàn rén zhǔn bèi xuǎn de guài xiàn xiàngshèn zhì yòu fǎn duì dǎng hūyù jué tóu piào
  
  2004 nián 1 yuèměi guó guó qīng bào wēi 'ěr zài fǎng 'é shí zhǐ chū jīng zhì fǎn duì dǎng pài méi dài zhī chí fǎn duì dǎng pài de cái zhè shìmín zhù dàotuìde xiànměi guó duō shù gāo guān chí tài yīn jìn guǎn 'é měi guān biǎo miàn shàng péng zhǎndàn hěn duō xué zhě rèn wéi ruò jīng jìn tuī xíng quán wēi zhù zhèng é měi guān zuì zhōng huì liè
   jiàn zhě yóu xíng
  
  2006 zhì 2007 niánlìng zhǒng 'é luó zhì liǎo yóu luó méng nuò lǐng dǎo de yóu xíngyóu xíng zāo dào duō fāng miàn 'àizài xiē chéng shìyóu xíng zhě zāo dào jǐng fāng gān zhì shǎo 150 rén bèi ér qiě gōng zhòng tóu piào duō 'é luó mín zhòng bìng zhī chí yóu xíngtóng shízhēn zhèng cān jiā yóu xíng de rén duō, 2007 nián 5 yuè 'ōu méng fēng huì shí de yóu xíng zhōngqián lái cǎi fǎng de zhě shèn zhì yóu xíng rén qún hái yào duōhòu láiyòu zhě wèn jīng duì yóu xíng yòu shénme kàn jīng huí shuōzhè xiē yóu xíng dòng yìng gān rǎo 'é luó rén de zhèng cháng shēng huó”。 2007 nián 3 yuè 3 zài shèng bǎo xíng de yóu xíng zhù liǎo jiē dàolìng dāng wéi tóu tòngshèng bǎo shì cháng píng lùn shuō:“ rén rén yòu quán píng dāng dàn píng yào zhù wén míng。” . zài wèn dào luó bèi shì jiàn shí jīng chēng luó dāng tiān de yán duō shì yīng bìng rèn wéi de huà shì shuō gěi fāng rén tīng dejiè jīng zhǐ xiē dāng zhī chí zhě shòu wài guó cāo zòng shuō:“ fǎn duì men de rén shí bìng wàng men zhì dìng gǎi jìhuà…… men wàng 'é luó yuè ruò xiǎo yuè hǎo men xiǎng ràng 'é luó zhì biāozhè yàng men cái néng zài hòu dòng shǒu jiǎozuò xiǎng chéng。”
   jiē bān rén
  
  2007 nián 12 yuè · méi wéi jié bèi tǒng 'é luó dǎng děng zhèng dǎng tuī wéi jīng de jiē bān rén jīng duì biǎo shì tóng jīng shuō:“ wán quán zhī chí zhè míng。” duō shù jīng de zhī chí zhě suí hòu biǎo jiāng jiē shòu jīng de xuǎn zài bèi jīng zhǐ dìng wéi jiē bān rén hòuméi wéi jié rèn dǒng shì huì zhù de 'é luó tiān rán gōng fèn gōng jià dāng tiān shàng zhǎng 2.7%。
  
   zài dào zǒng tǒng míng hòuméi wéi jié biǎo shì yào míng jīng wéi zǒng méi wéi jié shuō:“ bǎo chí xiàn rèn zǒng tǒng jiàn bān de gōng zuò néng tóng yàng zhòng yào rèn wéi jīng liú zài zhí zhèng quán guān zuì zhòng yào de zǒng wèi zhì shàngduì men de guó jiā fēi cháng zhòng yào。” gōng zhèng 'é luó dǎng zhōng yāng shì huì zhù tuán shū shān · shuō:“ dāng ránshǒu xiān yīnggāi děng dài zǒng tǒng duì méi wéi jié de jiàn zuò chū huí yìngdàn shì rèn wéi jīng dāng zǒng duì guó jiā yòu 。” jīng duì dān rèn zǒng shì céng shuō guǒ zhèng dǎng néng gòu dǎo xìng de shèng zhǎo dào liǎo míng shí de jiē bān rénjiù tóng wèi lái chū rèn zhèng zǒng
  
   wèi 'é luó zhèng zhì jiā rèn wéi jīng shì méi wéi jié zuò chū tuǒ xié ràng zài zhè zhī hòu biàn kòngchū duàn shí jiān xiū zhěng yòng shuōjiǎ shǐ jīng yuàn chū rèn xià jiè zǒng tǒngméi wéi jié jiāng huì 'èr huà shuō jiāng huì gěi é gòng lǐng xiù jiǔ jiā nuò rèn wéié luó bái 'é luó zhī jiān guān mìqièjiǎ ruò mǒu tiān liǎng guó bìng jīng yòu néng chū rèn zǒng tǒngshǐ xiàn chéng wéi zhǐ kōng wénjiǔ jiā nuò shuō:“ méi wéi jié zhè wèi jīng xuǎn dìng de jiē bān rén chū rèn zǒng tǒng nián hòué luó biàn yòu néng bái 'é luó bìngjiè shí jīng réng yòu néng chū rèn zǒng tǒng jiāng shì 'é luó de xìng。”
   rén shēng huó
  
  1983 nián 7 yuè 28 jīng liǔ · jīng jié hūn jīng 1958 nián 1 yuè 6 shēng jiā níng céng rèn kōng jiědāng shí shì liè níng xué yán bān de běn shēng jīng de 'ér · jīng shēng 1985 niánxiǎo 'ér jié lín · jīng shēng 1986 niánzài jīng chū rèn zǒng qián de liǎng 'ér jūn zài wén xué xué
  
   jīng de qīn shì míng fàn gòng chǎn dǎng yuán jiān xìn gòng chǎn zhù bìng shì jiāng yìng yòng cháng shēng huó。” yóu de gòng xiàn chéng wéi liǎo xīn dǎng yuán de shūbìng zài xué liǎo gòng chǎn zhù chéng hòu jiā liǎo gōng chǎng de dǎng zhī jìn guǎn jīng de qīn shì míng shén lùn zhědàn shì de qīn shì míng jiān dìng de dōng zhèng jiào xìn dōng zhèng jiào dāng shí zhèng zài bèi lián zhèng )。 jīng de qīn bìng zài jiā zhōng jìn xíng zōng jiào huó dòngdàn jīng cháng cānyù jiào táng huó dòng zài jīng xiǎo shí biàn jiào dǎo dōng zhèng jiào xiǎng jīng de qīn jìn guǎn duì shì xīn zhī míngquè méi yòu jìn xíng gān shè。 1993 nián jīng de zāo liǎo chē huòqiě yīcháng huǒ shāo huǐ liǎo men de fáng zhè shì jiàn shǐ jīng chéng wèile míng dōng zhèng jiào zài fǎng wèn liè qián de qīn gěi liǎo shí jià bìng zhǔ dài shànghòu lái jīng huí shuō:“ zūn zhào shuō de zuò liǎojiāng shí jià dài zài liǎo shàngcóng hòu zài méi zhāi diào guò 。”
  
   jīng zuì 'ài de yùn dòng shì róu dào zài 14 suì shí kāi shǐ liàn sāng ěr hòu zhuǎn wéi róu dàobìng zhí liàn zhì jīn jīng zài liè níng de róu dào jìng sài zhōng céng huò guò guànjūn jīng céng rén zhù běn míng wéi 'ěr · jīng liàn róu dàode shūyīng bǎn míng wéiróu dào shǐ lùn liàn 》( Judo:History,Theory,Practice.)。 jīng bìng fēi liàn róu dào de guó jiā lǐng dǎo réndàn zài róu dào fāng miàn de chéng jiù shì guó lǐng dǎo rén nán xiāng de qián shì hēi dài liù duànqiě hěn shàn cháng sǎo yāo shuāi jīng shì róu dào sāng de shī”( MasterofSports, lián tóu xián zhī )。
  
   gēn bào dào jīng hěn 'ài shí wài duì jiān kǎo lèi shí pǐn yòu bié 'àihào
   shì
  
  *1988 nián 5 yuèměi guó zǒng tǒng gēn fǎng wèn liánzài hóng chǎng bèi pāi xià zhāng zhào piànzài zhào piàn zhōng yòu gēn xíng shǎo liǎng míng nán yóu gēn zhèng shàonián yóu shǒupāi zhào de měi guó zǒng tǒng zhuān zhí shè yǐng shī shēng chēng shàng guà zhe xiàngjīzhàn zài shàonián bèi hòu de nán zhèng shì dāng shí lián guó jiā 'ān quán wěi yuán huì de yào yuáné luó xiàn rèn zǒng jīng
  
  * zài měi guó zǒng tǒng qiē zhǐ jīng hòu jīng huí shuō:“ men zǒng tǒng de yán lùn shī bài de yóu liè xiāng 。”( qiē céng zài liè shí shāng rén chù bèi jīng lái xiào。)
  * duì xiǎo shí zài 32 jiè guó fēng huì hòu zhě zhāo dài huì shàng píng 'é luó mín zhù wèn jīng shuō:“ ràng gēn lǎo shí shuō é luó rén gēn jiù xiǎng yào zhǒng mín zhù。”
  * jīng zài píng měi guó jìn gōng hòuyòu shuō:“ guò huà shuō huí lái guǒ měi guó jiù pāi zǒu rénér zài jiàn yòu zhì de zhèng guān jiù yòu fàn xià cuò liǎo。”


  Early career
  Throughout all of the events in Chechnya, Putin's tough stance. In 1999, Chechen separatists invaded the neighboring republic, Dagestan, Putin immediately ordered a counterattack. December 31, 1999, Putin visited the Russian soldiers in Chechnya, which greatly enhanced his public image. In recent years, Putin has deliberately played down the importance of the events in Chechnya. In 2003, the new Chechen constitution in Chechnya is part of Russia, the matter had just relaxed. Later, the Chechen electoral system was established with the local government, the Chechen events has almost resolved smoothly.
  In 1999, President Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin was Russian prime minister. The evening of the same year on December 31, Yeltsin abruptly announced his resignation, according to the Russian constitution, Putin became acting president. Because the matter was scheduled in June 2000 Russian presidential election held in advance to March 26. To opposition parties ahead of elections can not be adequately prepared, while the actual power, Putin has weakened the opposition forces, so the next general election, Putin won and became president.
  February 12, 2001, Putin signed a bill requiring the State to protect the former president and their families. This is mainly because 1999 years ago, President Boris Yeltsin and his family were suspected of involvement in money laundering and other corruption.
  Mainly supported by the Putin United Russia party Vladimir Putin has repeatedly expressed his term of office and ideas on the recognition of Putin. December 2006, the United Russia party program adopted by the Seventh Congress of our choice of Russia, Vladimir Putin summed up and stated that the idea of the party's guiding ideology. The main strategy of this statement are consistent with the policy of Putin, and Putin's "State of the Union," the contents of the same basic idea.
  December 2007, the United Russia party and other parties elected 迪米特里梅 Medvedev as the next Russian President, Vladimir Putin agreed. Thus, Putin's constitutional amendment and continue as president of the probability becomes very small the.
  Putin pointed out that the ideal world order should be "a just and democratic world order, it can ensure the safety of all persons and wealth, rather than the independence of the minority." He uranium development in the prevention of space arms control and played an important effect. January 2007, Putin said in an interview, the Russian pro-democracy and the multi-polar world order, and support the consolidation of international law system.
  As the only study with the issue of nuclear cooperation with Iran, the countries, Russia is considered the key issue of Iran has "indeed affect the whole body," the decisive position. Although Russia has close ties with Iran, and tried to contain Iran, the United States and other Western countries, but Putin did not support Iran's nuclear program. While Russia is helping Iran build the Bushehr nuclear power plant, but Iran in nuclear research is mainly dependent on Pakistan. Putin has repeatedly said that not only do not support nuclear proliferation, and also signed by the Group of Eight meeting of opposition.
  The four northern islands is a key point in the Russo-Japanese negotiations.
  However, Russia is firmly opposed to the right-wing parties. Sakhalin population, and even organized militia, to stop are the four islands of Japan. Even extreme claims that if Russia is to return the territory of the rally asked Putin to step down. Japan only has two islands to Russia is also very unhappy, even in response to Putin's words are all alleged "Soviet-era stereotypes." Putin responded that the Japanese-Soviet Joint Declaration, only to return two islands, he will "not understand the Japanese requirements." So now, the territory of Russia and Japan has not yet been resolved.
  July 20, 2007, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced the expulsion of four Russian diplomats on the grounds that Russia refused to hand over accused of murder of another former agent Alexander Litvinenko's former KGB agent Andrei * Lugovoi. Although the Russian constitution prohibits the deportation of Russian citizens to other countries, but the British Foreign Secretary David Miliband said: "Europe-wide arrest warrant for the constitutional amendment is not unprecedented, some countries have done." Russian media after the speech referred to as "the British trying to ask the Russian constitution." According to a poll, 62% of Russians oppose the constitutional amendment. In response, the British Ambassador to Russia Tony Blanton responded that Britain did not compel Russia to amend the Constitution, but merely to describe the possibility of removal Lugewoyi. Putin then asked British officials to "fix some of my brain," said Britain's request is "old thinking of the legacy of the colonial period." Litvinenko, a friend once said, Litvinenko accused Putin's manipulation of the murder before he died. Russian media, the remarks after the false accusations, while Putin said: "say not deserve to be dead comment." This incident was regarded as the Russian-British relations since 1996 after the biggest spy case of conflict. Putin later said: "We will survive this little crisis. Russia and Britain ties will steadily move forward, whether the Russians or the British people want to normalize relations as soon as possible." However, Tony Brandon still 10-day deadline for the Russian Foreign Ministry responded to the Russian government has also stopped issuing visas to British officials. Russia has also stopped the British anti-terrorism co-operation. President of the Russian trade unions also known as Alexander Sorkin, British business investment in Russia would face "restrictions on taxation and regulations, and they will lose government procurement opportunities." Some people think that the root of murder 2003 the United Kingdom announced the Putin regime had tried to overthrow the Russian tycoons Boris Berezovsky to provide political asylum to Berezovsky is Litvinenko sponsors.
  Support
  Criticism
  President Vladimir Putin tried to office after the expiry of two, to maintain its power, a move that has lead to dissatisfaction. There was news that Putin may amend the Constitution to extend the presidential term. Former Russian President Boris Yeltsin expressed strong opposition.
  For Western people, Russia's democracy is the most prominent manifestation of the State Duma elections. 2003 election, United Russia party controls half the seats, while the Russian Communist Party are being defeated. By 2007, the State Duma of the Russian Communist Party is to become the only opposition party. Many Western people alleged by the media, Putin United Russia party ideas, and inspired the establishment of the Russian Motherland Party, took away the votes of the Russian Communist Party. In addition, the Russian presidential election was the status quo as the epitome of Russian democracy. Before the presidential election in Russia is often no one is prepared to elect a strange phenomenon, and even refused to vote the opposition called for.
  From 2006 to 2007, and the other initiated by the Russian Garry Kasparov and Limengnuofu leading the parade. Demonstrations were many obstacles: In some cities, demonstrators by police intervention, at least 150 people were arrested; and according to a public vote, most people do not support the Russian march. At the same time, people do not really participate in the procession many EU summit in May 2007 when the procession came to an interview with reporters even more than even the protesters. Later, a reporter asked Putin what he views on the march. Putin said, the demonstrations moves "should not interfere with the normal life of the Russian people." March 3, 2007, a procession held in St. Petersburg, blocked streets, so much headache to local drivers. St. Petersburg Mayor commented: "Everyone has the right to criticize the authorities, but critics should pay attention to civilization.". Kasparov arrested at the event asked, Kasparov said Putin's speech that day mostly in English and that his words are said to Westerners to hear. In this way, Putin refers to a number of local supporters by foreign manipulation, he said: "is not against our people want us to develop the reform plan ... ... the more vulnerable they would like Russia better, they want Russia unorganized no goals, so They can be in the hands and feet behind our success. "
  After obtaining the Presidential nomination, said Medvedev nominated Putin to be prime minister. Medvedev said: "The current president, forming a team working ability is equally important. I think that Putin to remain in the governing authority of the Prime Minister, the most important position, is very important to our country." Just Russia Party Central Committee Bureau of the Council Secretary Alexander Babacov said: "Of course, should first wait for the recommendations of President Medvedev to respond. But I think Putin as prime minister on national interests." Putin as prime minister for the issue have said that if party could win a landslide victory, she also found a true successor to agree to future post of prime minister.
  July 28, 1983, Putin and Lyudmila Putin Na marriage. Putin Na January 6, 1958 was born in Kaliningrad, a former flight attendant, was then Leningrad University Undergraduate Spanish Language Department. Putin's wife's eldest daughter Maria was born in 1985, Putin Na, Na Putin daughter Catherine was born in 1986. Putin as prime minister before, his two daughters were in Moscow in German universities.
  According to reports, Putin is like eating fish. In addition, he grilled foods, there is also love.
  * In the United States Vice President Dick Cheney accused Putin, Putin replied: "Your vice president's remarks seem to be compared and failures hunting." (Cheney had shot someone in the hunting, here is Putin took to make fun of.)
<< qiányījūnzhù: qīné luó lián bāng jīng Vladimir Putin
(2000nián2008nián)
hòuyījūnzhù >>: méi wéi jié
<< qiányījūnzhù: méi wéi jié é luó lián bāng jīng Vladimir Putin
(2012niánxiànjīn)
    

pínglún (0)