míng dài  (1311niánqīyuè1rì～1375niánsìyuè16rì)

jíguàn：	zhè jiāng qīng tián
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　　zì bó wēn， wǎn hào lí méi gōng。 shēng yú yuán wǔ zōng zhì dà sì nián（ 1311） liù yuè shí wǔ rì， zú yú míng hóng wǔ bā nián（ 1375）， zhōng nián 65 suì， zhè jiāng shěng wēn zhōu shì wén chéng xiàn nán tián zhèn wǔ yáng cūn rén（ jiù shǔ chù zhōu fǔ qīng tián xiàn）， míng dài zhèng zhì jiā、 shī wén jiā， jūn shì jiā hé wén xué jiā。 tā zì bó wēn， míng guó kāi guó gōng chén。 gù shí rén chēng tā wéi liú qīng tián。 míng hóng wǔ sān nián（ 1370） fēng chéng yì bó， rén men yòu chēng tā wéi liú chéng yì。 tā sǐ hòu 139 nián， jí míng wǔ zōng zhèng dé jiǔ nián（ 1514）， bèi zhuī zèng tài shī， shì hào wén chéng， yīn 'ér hòu rén yòu chēng tā liú wén chéng。 wén chéng xiàn shì 1948 nián xī zhì de xīn xiàn， xiàn míng jiù shì wèile jì niàn liú jī。
　　
　　 liú jī chū shēn míng mén wàng zú， zì yòu cōng míng hàoxué， yòu shén tóng zhī yù。 yuán zhì shùn sì nián {1333 nián )23 suì de liú jī， yī jǔ kǎo zhōng jìn shì， kāi shǐ bù rén shì tú shēng yá。 tā lì zhì bào guó， dàn cháo tíng hūn yōng fǔ bài， shǐ tā 20 yú nián de huàn hǎi shēng yá lǚ zāo mó nán biǎn yì。 yuán zhì zhèng 'èr shí nián (1360 nián ) sān yuè， jiē shòu zhū yuán zhāng de yāo qǐng， chéng wéi cān zàn jūn wù de móu shì， wéi míng wáng cháo de jiàn lì hé fā zhǎn， lì xià hàn mǎ gōng láo。 tā wéi rén gāng zhí， dǎn shí guò rén， zhū yuán zhāng zūn qí wéi “ wú zǐ fáng ( zhāng liáng ) yě ”。 mín jiān yòu“ shàng yòu zhū gé kǒng míng， xià yòu liú jī bó wēn” de chēng dào。
　　
　　 zhì zhèng 'èr shí nián wǔ yuè， chén yǒu liàng gōng xià liǎo nán jīng wài wéi de zhòng zhèn tài píng， shā liǎo zhū yuán zhāng de yǎng zǐ zhū wén xùn jí shǒu jiāng huā yún。 tā hái zài tài píng lì guó， zì chēng huáng dì。 diào jí zhōu shī， cóng jiāng zhōu xiàng dōng zhí zhǐ yìng tiān。 shēng chēng cǐ yì yòu zhāng shì chéng pèi hé， gōng xiàn yìng tiān， zhǐ rì kě dài。 zài chén yǒu liàng de 'áo zhāng qì yàn miàn qián， zhū yuán zhāng de bù jiāng gǎn dào jú shì jǐn zhāng。 yòu de zhù zhāng chū chéng jué yī sǐ zhàn， yòu de zhù zhāng qì chéng zhuǎn yí， yě yòu de zhù zhāng xiàn chéng tóu jiàng。 zhū shuō fēn yún， mò zhōng yī shì。 zhū yuán zhāng yě yī shí ná bù dìng zhù yì， biàn wèn zhàn zài yī biān mò bù zuò yǔ de liú jī。 liú jī zhǎn dīng jié tiě dì huí dá， xiān zhǎn zhù jiàng zhě hé yán táo zhě， cái néng pò dí huò shèng。 tā shuō， chén yǒu liàng jié zhù chēng dì， jiāo héng yī shì， qí xīn wú rì bù wàng jīn líng。 xiàn zài qì shì xiōng xiōng， shùn jiāng dōng xià， nǎi shì xiàng wǒ shì wēi， bī wǒ tuì ràng。 wǒ men bù néng ràng qí dé chěng， zhǐ yòu jiān jué dǐ kàng。 tā yòu shuō， cháng yán dào， hòu jǔ zhě shèng， chén yǒu liàng suī bīng jiāo jiāng hàn， dàn tā men xíng jūn qiān lǐ lái fàn wǒ， jì shì pí jūn， yòu shì bù yì， ér wǒ men hòu fā zhì rén， yǐ yì dài láo， dài dí shēn rù hòu， wǒ yǐ fú bīng jī zhī， zì dāng bì shèng。 zhè yī zhàng duì wǒ men lái shuō guān xì zhòng dà， yī dìng yào dǎ hǎo。 liú jī de yī fān huà， jiān dìng liǎo zhū yuán zhāng kàng jī de jué xīn， tā cǎi nà liǎo liú jī de jì cè， qiǎo chū qí bīng dǎ bài liǎo chén yǒu liàng de jìn gōng。 zhū yuán zhāng bù jǐn qǔ dé liǎo bǎo wèi yìng tiān de shèng lì， hái yī gǔ zuò qì shōu fù liǎo tài píng。 gǒng gù liǎo jīn líng zhè kuài gēn jù dì。 cǐ yì jǐn zài liú jī tóubèn hòu de liǎng gè yuè， chōng fēn xiǎn shì liǎo liú jī zhuó yuè de jūn shì cái néng。
　　
　　 chén yǒu liàng suī tuì shǒu jiāng xī、 hú běi yī dài， dàn tā hé zhāng shì chéng réng rán shì zhū yuán zhāng de zhù yào jìngdí。 wèile sǎo píng qún xióng， běi dìng zhōng yuán， zuì hòu tuī fān yuán cháo zhèng quán， zhū yuán zhāng jūn zhōng duì dōng zhāng xī chén liǎng gè zhàn lüè fāng xiàng， chí yòu bù tóng de kàn fǎ。 duō shù jiànglǐng zhù zhāng xiān yì hòu nán， jí xiān dǎ zhāng shì chéng。 zhè yī zhàn lüè sī xiǎng duì zhū yuán zhāng yě chǎn shēng liǎo yǐng xiǎng。
　　
　　 liú jī de zhù zhāng zé xiāng fǎn， tā rèn wéi zhāng shì chéng shēng xìng qiè ruò， xiōng wú dà zhì， zhǐ qiú zì bǎo， zhè zhǒng rén bùzúwèi lǜ。 chén yǒu liàng yě xīn bó bó， lì liàng yě qiáng， yòu jù cháng jiāng shàng yóu， duì wǒ wēi xié zuì dà。 ruò xiān dǎ zhāng shì chéng， chén yǒu liàng dìng huì chéng xū gōng wǒ； kě shì rú guǒ xiān tǎo fá chén yǒu liàng， zhāng shì chéng zé bù yī dìng gǎn qīng jǔ wàng dòng。 gù dāng xiān chú chén。 chén shì yī miè， zhāng shì zì gū， cún wáng biàn yóu wǒ liǎo。 chén zhāng jì píng， jiù kě yōng huī běi shàng， xíjuǎn zhōng yuán， dà yè biàn kě gào chéng liǎo。 liú jī de fēn xī gāo zhān yuǎn zhǔ， yīnggāi shuō shì zhū yuán zhāng sǎo píng sì hǎi、 jiàn lì dà yè de wéi yī zhèng què zhàn lüè fāng 'àn。 zhū yuán zhāng cǎi nà liú jī zhī jì， jué dìng xiān zhēng chén yǒu liàng， zài gōng zhāng shì chéng， zài quán miàn shèng lì de dào lù shàng mài chū liǎo jǔ zú qīng zhòng de yī bù。
　　
　　 zhì zhèng 'èr shí yī nián (1361 nián )， zhū yuán zhāng qīn shuài sān jūn sù cháng jiāng xī zhēng chén yǒu liàng。 xiān gōng 'ān qìng bù kè， liú jī zhī chén yǒu liàng zhòng bīng zhù fáng 'ān qìng， qí lǎo cháo jiāng zhōu ( jīn jiāng xī jiǔ jiāng shì ) bì dìng kōng xū， biàn jiàn yán mǎ shàng zhuǎn gōng jiāng zhōu， guǒ rán yī jǔ 'ér xià， chén yǒu liàng qì táo wǔ chāng。 bù jiǔ， chén yǒu liàng bù chén jiāng xī xíng shěng chéngxiàng hú tíng ruì yǐ bǎo liú bù duì wéi tiáo jiàn qián lái yì jiàng， zhū yuán zhāng cóng liú jī quàn， jiē shòu hú de tiáo jiàn。 hú jiàng， qí tā shǒu jiāng jiàn cǐ fēn fēn qián lái nà kuǎn， zhěng gè jiāng xī hěn kuài bìng rù zhū yuán zhāng de bǎn tú。 zhì zhèng 'èr shí sān nián (1363 nián ) sì yuè， chén yǒu liàng chéng zhū yuán zhāng běi shàng jiě xiǎo míng wáng hán lín 'ér 'ān fēng bèi wéi zhī jì， cóng wǔ chāng shuài jūn qīng chéng 'ér chū， wéi gōng hóng dū； xiǎng shǒu huí zhè yī zhòng zhèn。 shǒu jiāng zhū wén zhèng lì jù dǐ kàng， liǎng jūn xiāng chí duō rì。 qī yuè， zhū yuán zhāng shuài dà jūn nán xià， yǔ chén yǒu liàng jué zhàn yú pó yáng hú shàng。 liú jī rì yè shì suí zhū yuán zhāng zuǒ yòu， cānyù jūn jī。 liǎng jūn 'áo zhàn， xuè rǎn hú shuǐ， shuāng fāng sǐ shāng cǎn zhòng， zuì hòu zài hú miàn shàng xiāng chí bù xià。 zhè shí liú jī xiàng zhū yuán zhāng xiàn jì， jiàn yì pài zhòng bīng 'ě shǒu pó yáng hú sì zhōu chū kǒu zhī chù， yǐ kùn chén yǒu liàng。 bù jiǔ， chén yǒu liàng shuài cán jūn tū wéi。 xiǎng cóng xiǎo gǎng chà kǒu chù táo cuàn， jiēguǒ bèi zhū yuán zhāng jūn 'ě zhù。 chén yǒu liàng zhàn sǐ， yú jūn dà kuì。 xiāo miè chén yǒu liàng shì lì yǐ hòu， zhū yuán zhāng mǎ bù tíng tí， lì jí yòu huī gē dōng jìn， zhēng fá zhāng shì chéng。 zhì zhèng 'èr shí qī nián (1367 nián ) jiǔ yuè， gōng zhàn píng jiāng ( jīn jiāng sū sū zhōu shì )， zhāng shì chéng zǒu tóu wú lù， zì yì shēn sǐ。 zì cǐ cháng jiāng zhōng xià yóu dì qū jìn guī zhū yuán zhāng suǒ yòu。 zhū yuán zhāng duì liú jī shuō：“ xiān shēng shì wǒ chuàng lì jiāng shān de dì yī děng gōng chén。”
　　
　　 liú jī hái yòu xǔ duō chū qí bù yì de zhàn shù， měi yù zhàn shì wǎng wǎng yǐ qí jì zhì shèng。 zài dǎ jiāng zhōu shí， tā jiàn jiāng zhōu chéng qiáng yán jiāng 'ér zhù， yòu hěn dī 'ǎi， biàn shòu yì zài zhàn jiàn shàng jiàn zào yún tī tiān qiáo。 yè jiān shǐ dào chéng qiáng jiǎo xià， jiāng tiān qiáo jià zài chéng qiáng shàng， shì bīng yuán tī ér shàng， shùn lì pò chéng。 zhì zhèng 'èr shí sān nián (1363 nián ) tā bēn mǔ sàng cóng chù zhōu fǎn jīn líng， tú jīng yán zhōu ( jīn zhè jiāng jiàn dé xiàn )， zhèng shì zhāng shì chéng bù lái fàn， yán zhōu shǒu jiāng lǐ wén zhōng yào chū bīng yíng jī， liú jī quàn zǔ shuō， bù chū sān rì， dí rén huì zì jǐ tuì zǒu， dào shí chū bīng zhuī jī， kě huò dà shèng。 lǐ wén zhōng tīng cóng liǎo liú jī de quàn shuō。 dì sān tiān lí míng， dí jūn guǒ tuì， lǐ wén zhōng chū jī， dà shèng 'ér guī。
　　
　　 liú jī de yùn chóu wéi wò、 shén jī miào suàn bù jǐn shǐ tóng liáo xià shǔ qīn pèi bù yǐ， yě bó dé liǎo zhū yuán zhāng de xìn rèn yǔ zūn jìng。 zhū yuán zhāng jiāng tā bǐ zuò hàn dài móu chén zhāng liáng、 zūn chēng tā“ lǎo xiān shēng” ér bù hū qí míng， jīng cháng hé tā yī qǐ shāng liàng jūn zhèng dà shì， yòu shí yù yòu zhòng dà jué cè， jǐn zhào tā yī rén jìn mì shì xiāng yì， yī tán biàn shì bàn rì。 zhū yuán zhāng yòu shí duì tā jīhū dào liǎo yǐ lài de chéng dù。 liú jī mǔ qīn gù shì， tā xiǎng gàojià huí xiāng bēn sàng， zhū yuán zhāng shěbùdé tā lí kāi， wǎn yán wǎn liú 'ér bù zhǔn jiǎ。 hòu lái miǎnqiǎng zhǔn liǎo， hái bù shí xiě xìn dào qīng tián xiāng lǐ qǐng jiào jūn zhèng dà jì， liú jī zé xiáng xì fēn xī dá fù， zǒng shǐ zhū yuán zhāng fēi cháng mǎn yì。 jìn guǎn zhè yàng， zuì hòu zhū yuán zhāng hái shì tí qián zhào tā huí lái。 jiàn rén zhù rú cǐ chéng yì dài jǐ， liú jī yě yǐ zhū yuán zhāng wéi bù shì zhī yù， xī xīn fǔ zuǒ， zhī wú bù yán， wéi zhū shì dà míng wáng cháo de jiàn lì zuò chū liǎo bù kě mó miè de gòng xiàn。
　　
　　 tā de zhù zuò yòu《 yù lí zǐ》 děng，《 yù lí zǐ》 quán shū 'èr juàn， fán shí bā piān， yī bǎi jiǔ shí wǔ tiáo， měi tiáo duō zé qiān yán， shǎo zé bǎi zì， zhù yào shì zhēn biān shí zhèng de yǔ yán huò gù shì。 qí wén gòu sī jīng qiǎo， wén bǐ xī lì， fù yú qíng qù， fā rén shēnxǐng。 zuò zhě jiè jiǎ tuō rén wù yù lí zǐ zhī kǒu， fā biǎo duì shè huì、 shì tài rén qíng de kàn fǎ。 yòu xiē jiàn jiě， zhì jīn réng néng gěi dú zhě yǐ shēn kè de qǐ dí。
　　
　　【 liú jī gù jū】 gù jū wéi wǔ kāi jiān。 1311 nián 6 yuè 15 rì， liú jī shēng yú cǐ； 1375 nián 4 yuè 16 rì sǐ yú cǐ。 xiàn cún yòu liú jī 48 suì qì guān guī yǐn hòu xiū jiàn fáng shè bēi zhì， shí jiù děng yòng wù。《 míng shǐ liú jī chuán》 zài：“ hóng wǔ sì nián zhēngyuè cì lǎo guī， wéi yǐn jiǔ， yì qí， kǒu bù yán gōng。 yì lìng qiú jiàn bù dé， wēi fú wéi yě rén yè jiàn。 jī fāng zhuó zú， lìng cóng zǐ yǐn rù máo shè。” yóu cǐ kě jiàn liú jī dāng shí zhù fáng de jiǎn lòu， pǐn gé de gāo shàng。
　　
　　 liú jī zuò pǐn《 bǎi zhàn qí lüè》 biān xiě shuō míng
　　
　　 bái huà bǎi zhàn qí lüè》 yóu tí shì、 yì wén、 yuán wén、 zhù shì、 fù lù wǔ bù fēn zǔ chéng， xiàn yǐ cì zhú xiàng shuō míng rú xià：
　　
　　（ yī）、“ tí shì”： bāo kuò liǎng bù fènnèi róng， yī shì 'ě yào gài kuò měi piān“ lùn shù” de zhōng xīn nèi róng hé jīng shén shí zhì， zhǐ chū qí suǒ lùn yǔ gǔ diǎn bīng xué lǐ lùn de yuān yuán guān xì yǐ jí qí kě qǔ xìng huò jú xiàn xìng。 èr shì zhuózhòng pōu xī měi piān“ shǐ lì” zài zuò zhàn zhǐ dǎo shàng de dé shī yǔ zuò zhàn chéng bài de guān xì， yǐ jí kě gōng jiè jiàn de jīng yàn jiào xùn。 yóu yú gāi shū suǒ yǐn shǐ lì duō shù bǐ jiào jiǎn lüè， gù bǐ zhě yī bān dū yǐ shǐ lì yuán zhù jìn xíng fēn xī， ér fēn xī zhōng de yǐn wén， fán yǔ《 bǎi zhàn qí lüè》 xiāng tóng de， bù zài zhù míng chū chù， bù tóng huò wéi qí suǒ wú zhě， jūn kuò zhù chū chù。
　　
　　（ èr）、“ yì wén”： zài zhōng shí yú yuán yì de qián tí xià， lì qiú zuò dào zhǔn què wú wù、 tōng sú chàng dá、 shēng dòng kě dú， fú hé jūn shì yòng yǔ。 rú yīn yuán wén chéngfèn cán quē huò guò yú jiǎn lüè 'ér yǐng xiǎng wén yì lián guàn chù， suǒ bǔ zhī yì wén bù fēn， yī bān dū jiā yuán kuò hào“（　）”。
　　
　　（ sān）、“ yuán wén”： yǐ míng hóng zhì shí qī nián（ １ ５ ０ ４ nián） mǎ sī jìn《 wǔ jīng zǒng yào · bǎi zhàn qí fǎ》 kè běn wéi dǐ běn（ jiǎn chēng“ mǎ běn”）， yǐ míng wàn lì 'èr shí qī nián（１５ ９９ nián） táng fù chūn《 wǔ jīng zǒng yào · bǎi zhàn qí fǎ》 kè běn（ jiǎn chēng“ táng běn”） hé wáng míng hè《 dēng tán bì jiū · bǎi zhàn》 kè běn（ jiǎn chēng“ wáng běn”， dàn gāi kè běn jǐn cún lù《 bǎi zhàn qí fǎ》 qián jí zhī wǔ shí zhàn）、 chóng zhēn jiǔ nián（１ ６ ３６ nián） suǒ kè《 tāo lüè shì fǎ》 cóng shū shōu lù de《 bǎi zhàn qí fǎ》 zhī wāng qí cān dìng běn（ jiǎn chēng“ wāng běn”） wéi cān xiào běn， duì zhào yòu guān zhèng shǐ yuán zhù jìn xíng jiàokān de， fán shì zhòng yào jiàozhèng chù， jūn zài běn shū“ zhù shì” zhōng jiā yǐ shuō míng， bù lìng chū xiào jì。 yuán wén jiàokān zhōng xū yào qiáng diào shuō míng de wèn tí yòu 'èr：
　　
　　 qí yī、 gāi shū suǒ yǐn gǔ dài bīng fǎ（ jí“ fǎ yuē” nèi róng）， fán yǔ yuán zhù bù tóng qiě yǐng xiǎng yuán yì de， jūn jù yuán zhù jiàogǎi， bìng zài“ zhù shì” zhōng shuō míng jiàogǎi lǐ yóu； yǐn wén zì cí suī yǔ yuán zhù bù tóng， dàn bù yǐng xiǎng yuán yì de， yī bān zhǐ zhù míng yuán wén， bù zuò wén zì gǎi dòng； fán yǐn wén tuō lòu chéngfèn， zé bǔ zú hòu jiā fāng kuò hào“ 〔　 〕”。
　　
　　 qí 'èr、 gāi shū suǒ yǐn de shǐ lì， fán yǐn wén yǔ shǐ jí xiāng bèi zhě， jūn jù yuán zhù yú yǐ dìng zhèng； yǐn wén zì cí suī yǔ yuán zhù bù tóng， dàn bìng wèi gǎi biàn yuán yì de， yī bān bù zài gēnggǎi； yǐn wén fán yòu zhòng yào tuō lòu， bù bǔ zé yǐng xiǎng wén yì lián guàn wán zhěng huò zhě jiǎn shā gāi shū jūn shì tè sè de， zé jù shǐ shū yuán zhù yú yǐ zēng bǔ， suǒ bǔ chéngfèn jiā fāng kuò hào“〔　〕”。
　　
　　（ sì）、“ zhù shì”： lì qiú zhǔn què、 jiǎn míng， yī bān bù zuò zì yuán、 cí yuán kǎo zhèng。 zhù shì de zhù yào nèi róng shì： shēng pì zì cí shì yì， zhòng yào zhuān yòng shù yǔ， bīng fǎ yǐn wén jí shǐ lì chū chù， lì shǐ rén wù jí dì míng， zhòng yào jiàokān zhù wén hé zú yǐ zhèng míng qí chéng shū shí dài de bì huì wén zì。 zhè lǐ xū yào zhuózhòng shuō míng de， shǐ lì zhōng suǒ shè jí de lì shǐ rén wù， yī bān dū jiā zhù shì， dàn tóng yī rén wù zài bù tóng piān mù zhōng duō cì chū xiàn shí， zhǐ zhù shì shǒu cì； zhàn lì zhōng suǒ shè jí de lì shǐ dì míng， yī bān dū zhù míng jīn dì míng， dàn tóng yī cháo dài de tóng yī dì míng， suī zài bù tóng piān mù shǐ lì zhōng duō cì chū xiàn， zhǐ zhù shì shǒu cì， bù tóng cháo dài de tóng yī dì míng， zé fēn bié zhù shì。
　　
　　（ wǔ）、“ fù lù”： wéi biàn yú dú zhě liǎo jiě gāi shū de chéng shū shí dài jí zuò zhě děng wèn tí， běn shū mò fù lù zhuō wén 'èr piān：１、《 bǎi zhàn qí lüè》 bù shì míng dài liú jī de zhù zuò； ２、《 〈 bǎi zhàn qí lüè 〉 biàn wěi》 zhì yí。

　　Liu Ji (July 1, 1311 — 16 May 1375), style name Bo​wen and posthumous name Wen​cheng (文成), was a military strategist, officer, statesman and poet of the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was born in Qingtian County (present-day Wencheng County, Zhejiang). He was the main advisor to the Yuan Dynasty era rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang (1328–1398), who later became the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. (r. 1368-1398). Liu Ji is also known for his prophecies, as he has been described as the "Chinese Nostradamus". With his contemporary general and scholar Jiao Yu, he was one of the co-editors of the military treatise known as the Huolongjing (the Fire Dragon Manual). His most famous military treatise is known as the Lessons of War.
　　
　　Career
　　
　　Liu Ji served Zhu Yuanzhang in his rebellion against the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty in China, which had ruled since the conquest of the Southern Song Dynasty in 1279. Liu Ji dabbled in many fields of statecraft, philosophy, scholarly works, and technology. His philosophical outlook was that of a skeptical naturalist, and he became interested in astronomy, calendrical science, magnetism, and fengshui. He was known to be a friendly associate of the mathematician and alchemist Zhao Yuqin, and collaborated with his contemporary general and scholar Jiao Yu to edit and compile the military-technology treatise of the Huolongjing, which outlined the use of various gunpowder weapons. He was very interested in the latter, and once said that "thunder is like fire shot from a cannon".
　　
　　Early Service in the Yuan Dynasty
　　
　　Liu Ji earned his Jinshi degree in the final years of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, and spent much of his early career attempting to save the dynasty from collapse. Liu served the Yuan as an official for 25 years, gaining a reputation for integrity and honesty, and became known as a distinguished scholar and strategist. In 1348, Liu was appointed to a military position and assigned to put down a southern rebellion against the dynasty. The leader of the rebellion attempted to save himself by offering Liu a bribe. When Liu refused, the rebel went to Beijing and succeeded in bribing his way into favour there.
　　
　　Once the secessionist had bribed his way into the regime's favour, he was given a public office and a salary. Liu Ji's relationship with the Yuan deteriorated after this event. Liu attempted to resign twice, in 1349 and 1352. He was demoted in 1358, and finally left service to retire in his ancestral homeland. In 1366, when he was fifty-five, Liu was introduced to Zhu Yuanzhang, a former leader of a radical White Lotus Buddhist rebellion who was then the leader of a broad anti-Yuan rebellion.
　　
　　Service to Zhu Yuanzhang
　　
　　Liu Ji served not only in the administration of Zhu Yuanzhang, but also in many battles as a commanding officer on land and water, leading the early Ming naval forces. Zhu Yuanzhang placed Liu Ji in charge of the campaign to conquer all of Zhejiang from Yuan forces. Liu was also responsible for military ventures against opposing Chinese rebel groups, as well as coastal Japanese pirates. His forces owed much of their success to the use of the medieval Chinese firearm known as the fire lance. It was during this period that he wrote the books Extraordinary Strategies of a Hundred Battles (百戰奇略) and Eighteen Strategies and Affairs (時務十八策). Later in the rebellion Zhu only rarely relied on Liu to personally command his armies in the field, as he acquired other capable generals, including Xu Da, Deng Yu and Chang Yuchun. Liu was most often consulted for his strategic advice during this period.
　　
　　In 1368, after eight years of Liu Ji's service, Zhu Yuanzhang unified China. When Zhu founded the Ming Dynasty, Liu was one of his most trusted advisors, but the relatiohship between Zhu and Liu eventually deteriorated in a manner similar to the way that Liu had become estranged from the Yuan government. In 1375, Liu rejected a man, Hu Weiyong, for appointment to high office. Hu later obtained an audience with Zhu Yuanzhang and slandered Liu by telling Zhu that Liu was plotting to establish his own power. After convincing Zhu of Liu's treachery, Liu was ejected from office, and Hu Weiyong was promoted.
　　
　　Death
　　
　　The shock and shame of being groundlessly dismissed from office destroyed Liu's health, and he quickly died. Within five years of Liu's death the man who had slandered Liu to achieve office was himself suspected of plotting against Zhu Yuanzhang. In the subsequent orgy of Zhu's paranoid efforts to root out conspiracy, 30-40,000 people were executed.
　　
　　The precise cause of Liu Ji's death is considered uncertain by modern scholars. Some scholars believe that Liu was poisoned by emperor Zhu Yuanzhang himself, not because Liu failed his duty, but because the emperor was envious and even fearful of his knowledge and influence. Other sources have pointed out that the emperor did kill many people shortly after Liu lost his official position, but they are uncertain about whether Liu was part of this group.
　　
　　Prophecy
　　
　　Liu Ji's most famous prophecy to Zhu Yuanzhang, written down in a lyrical style, is called the Shaobing Song (燒餅歌). The poem is written in cryptic verse and is difficult to understand. Some people believe that the Shaobing Song has predicted future events in China, including the 1449 Mongol invasion, and the 1911 founding of the Republic of China.
　　
　　Biographical work
　　
　　Liu Ji's official biography is found in the 128th chapter of the Ming Shi. The author Chong Tai also wrote a biography on him.
　　
　　In popular culture
　　
　　Shenji Miaosuan Liu Bowen (simplified Chinese: 神机妙算刘伯温; traditional Chinese: 神機妙算劉伯溫; pinyin: Shénjī Miàosuàn Líu Bówēn; literally "The Divine Witted and Marvelous Predictor Liu Bowen"), a 404 episodes long television drama about Liu Bowen, was aired on Taiwan's TTV from 23 August 2006 to 12 March 2008, starring Taiwanese actor Huang Shaoqi (黃少祺) as Liu Bowen.