míng dài  (1500nián～1582nián)

zì：	rǔ zhōng
wǎngbǐhào：	shè yáng shān rén
jíguàn：	huái 'ān fǔ shān yáng xiàn
 zhōng guó jīng diǎn Chinese classic： 《xī yóu jì》 《huì píng zhèng dào xī yóu jì》 yuèdòuwú chéng 'ēn Wu Chengenzài小说之家dezuòpǐn!!!

　　zì rǔ zhōng， hào shè yáng shān rén， huái 'ān fǔ shān yáng xiàn（ jīn jiāng sū shěng huái 'ān shì chǔ zhōu qū） rén。 míng dài xiǎo shuō jiā。 chū shēng yú yī gè yóu xià jí guān lì lún luò wéi xiǎo shāng rén de jiā tíng， tā de fù qīn wú ruì xìng gé lè guān kuàng dá， fèng xíng cháng lè zhé xué， wéi 'ér zǐ qǔ míng chéng 'ēn， zì rǔ zhōng， yì sī xī wàng tā néng dú shū zuò guān， shàng chéng huáng 'ēn， xià zé lí mín， zuò yī gè qīng shǐ liú míng de zhōng chén。 wú chéng 'ēn xiǎo shí hòu qín fèn hàoxué， yī mù shí xíng， guò mù chéng sòng。 tā jīng yú huì huà， shàn cháng shū fǎ， àihào tián cí dù qū， duì wéi qí yě hěn jīng tōng， hái xǐ huān shōu cáng míng rén de shū huà fǎ tiē。 shàonián shí dài tā jiù yīn wéi wén cái chū zhòng 'ér zài gù xiāng chū liǎo míng， shòu dào rén men de shǎng shí， rèn wéi tā kē jǔ jí dì， “ rú shí yī jiè ”。《 huái 'ān fǔ zhì》 zài tā“ xìng mǐn 'ér duō huì， bó jí qún shū， wéi shī wén xià bǐ lì chéng。” tā chú fèn hàoxué wài， tè bié xǐ huān sōu qí liè guài， ài kàn shén xiān guǐ guài， hú yāo hóu jīng zhī lèi de shū jí。 rú《 bǎi guài lù》、《 yǒu yáng zá zǔ》 zhī lèi de xiǎo shuō yě shǐ， zhè lèi wǔ guāng shí sè de shén huà shì jiè， qián mò huà zhōng yǎng chéng liǎo sōu qí liè guài de shì hǎo， suí zhe nián líng de zēng dà， zhè zhǒng 'àihào yòu zēng wú jiǎn， zhè duì tā chuàng zuò《 xī yóu jì》 yòu zhe zhòng dà de yǐng xiǎng。 30 suì hòu， tā sōu qiú de qí wén yǐ“ zhù mǎn xiōng zhōng” liǎo， bìng qiě yòu liǎo chuàng zuò de dǎ suàn。 50 suì zuǒ yòu， tā xiě liǎo《 xī yóu jì》 de qián shí jǐ huí， hòu lái yīn gù zhōng duàn liǎo duō nián， zhí dào wǎn nián cí guān lí rèn huí dào gù lǐ， tā cái dé yǐ zuì hòu wán chéng《 xī yóu jì》 de chuàng zuò， lì shí 7 nián。 bù rù qīng nián shí dài de wú chéng 'ēn shì kuáng fàng bù jī、 qīng shì 'ào wù de nián qīng rén。 shè huì dì wèi de dī xià， pín qióng kùn kǔ de chǔjìng， shǐ zhè wèi dà cái zǐ kuáng fàng bù jī， zhāo lái liǎo fēn zhì tà lái de xiào shēng， bèi rén jiāo kǒu chēng yù de rì zǐ yī qù bù fù fǎn liǎo。 wú chéng 'ēn yuē 'èr shí suì shí， yǔ tóng xiāng yī wèi xìng yè de gū niàn jié hūn， hūn hòu gǎn qíng shèn dǔ。 wú chéng 'ēn suī rán kuáng fàng bù jī， dàn tā pǐn xíng duān zhèng， zhōng yú zì jǐ de qī shì。 jiā jìng shí nián， wú chéng 'ēn zài fǔ xué suì kǎo hé kē kǎo zhōng huò dé liǎo yōu yì chéng jì， qǔ dé liǎo kē jǔ shēng yuán de zī gé， yǔ péng yǒu jié bàn qù nán jīng yìng xiāng shì。 rán 'ér cái huá bù rú tā de tóng bàn kǎo qǔ liǎo， tā zhè wèi yù mǎn xiāng lǐ de cái zǐ jìng míng luò sūn shān。 dì 'èr nián chūn tiān， tā de fù qīn huái zhe yí hàn qù shì liǎo。 jiē shòu chū cì shī bài de jiào xùn， wú chéng 'ēn zài yǐ hòu sān nián nèi， zhuān xīn zhì yì dì zài shí wén shàng xià liǎo yī fān kǔ gōng， zài jiā jìng shí sān nián qiū de kǎo shì zhōng què réng rán méi yòu kǎo zhōng。 wú chéng 'ēn xiū hèn jiāo jiā， zhè nián dōng tiān， jìng bìng dǎo liǎo。 liǎng cì xiāng shì de shī lì， zài jiā shàng fù qīn de qù shì， duì wú chéng 'ēn de dǎ xì shì chén zhòng de。 zài tā kàn lái， kǎo bù qǔ jǔ rén， bù jǐn fù zī wú yóu， ér qiě kuì duì fù mǔ， yòu fù xiān rén。 dàn tā bìng bù yǐ wéi zì jǐ méi kǎo qǔ shì méi běn shì， ér zhǐ shì mìng yùn bù jì， tā rèn wéi“ gōng míng fù guì zì yòu mìng， bì xū dé zhī wú nǎi chī？” wú chéng 'ēn yī shēng bù tóng liú sú， gāng zhí bùē。 tā zhī suǒ yǐ cái gāo 'ér lǚ shì bù dì， hěn kě néng yǔ tā bù yuàn zuò wéi xīn zhī lùn yǐ tǎo hǎo shàng guān yòu guān。 tā yàn 'è fǔ bài de guān chǎng， bù yuàn wéi bèi běn xīn， duì hēi 'àn de xiàn shí chí fǒu dìng tài dù。 tā zài《 èr láng sōu shān tú gē》 yī shī zhōng xiě dào：“ mín zāi fān chū yī guān zhōng， bùwèi yuán hè wéi shā chóng。 zuò guān sòng shì yòng wǔ guǐ， bù jiàn yú tíng zhū sì xiōng。 yě fū yòuhuái duō gǎn jī， fǔ shì lín fēng sān tàn xī。 xiōng zhōng mó sǔn zhǎn xié dāo， yù qǐ píng zhī hèn wú lì。 jiù yuè yòu shǐ jiù rì gōng， shì jiān qǐ wèi wú yīng xióng？ shuí néng wèiwǒ zhì lín fèng， cháng lìng wàn nián bǎo hé qīng níng gōng。” rèn wéi“ mín zāi” de xíng chéng， shè huì xiàn shí de chǒu 'è， yuán yīn jiù zài yú tǒng zhì zhě yòng rén bù shàn， ràng“ wǔ guǐ”“ sì xiōng” nà yàng de huài rén dāng dào。 tā xiǎng“ zhì lín fèng”， xíng“ wáng dào”， niǔ zhuǎn qián kūn， dàn shì huái cái bù yù， zhuàng zhì wèi chóu， zhǐ néng kōng huái kāng kǎi， fǔ shì lín fēng tàn xī。 shēng huó kùn dùn gěi wú chéng 'ēn dài lái de yā lì bìng bù xiǎo yú kē kǎo de shī lì。 fù qīn qù shì yǐ hòu， tā xū yào cāo chí quán jiā de suǒ yòu kāi zhī， dàn tā què méi yòu zhī chēng mén hù de néng lì， gèng méi yòu yǎng jiā huó kǒu de shǒu duàn。 jiā zhōng shēng huó lái yuán， chú liǎo měi yuè cóng xué fǔ lǐ lǐng huí liù dǒu mǐ wài， zhǐ néng zuò shí fù qīn suǒ liú yí chǎn liǎo。 pǐn cháng liǎo shè huì rén shēng suān tián kǔ là de wú chéng 'ēn， kāi shǐ gèng jiā qīng xǐng dì、 shēn chén dì kǎo lǜ shè huì rén shēng de wèn tí， bìng qiě yòng zì jǐ de shī wén xiàng bù hé lǐ de shè huì jìn xíng kàng zhēng。
　　
　　 wú chéng 'ēn jiā shì kǎo
　　
　　《 xī yóu jì》 de zuò zhě wú chéng 'ēn（ 1506 héng 1582）， zì rǔ zhōng， yī zì yǐ zhōng， míng dài zhōng yè huái 'ān rén。 huái 'ān zài hàn dài céng jiào shè yáng xiàn， xiàn de dōng nán yòu yī húpō jiào shè yáng hú， suǒ yǐ wú chéng 'ēn yǐ“ shè yáng” wéi hào， jīng cháng zì shǔ wéi“ shè yáng jū shì”。 hòu dài yì yòu rén chēng tā wéi“ shè yáng shān rén”， zhè dà yuē bù shì tā dāng nián de zì hào。 huái 'ān dì chù huái shuǐ zhī nán， qín hàn shí qī wéi huái yīn xiàn。 táng dài wéi chǔ zhōu， yī dù shí qī yě céng gǎi chēng guò huái yīn jùn， gù tā zài shǔ míng shí， qián miàn wǎng wǎng guànyǐ“ huái yīn” èr zì。 zhè shì míng qīng shí dài liǎng huái wén rén de pǔ tōng fēng qì。
　　 guān yú wú chéng 'ēn de jiā shì， mù qián rén men liǎo jiě de hái shì hěn shǎo。 yīn wéi zī liào tài shǎo liǎo， qì jīn wéi zhǐ， kě gōng chá kǎo de zī liào zhù yào de zhǐ yòu《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 yī zhǒng。 xiàn zài， wǒ jiù gēn jù zhè piān mù zhì míng hé qí tā yī xiē cái liào， zuò rú xià yī xiē tuī cè 。
　　 wú chéng sī xiān shì lián shuǐ rén， shì hòu lái qiān dào huái 'ān de。 shì shénme shí jiān qiān jū huái 'ān de ní？ tā zì jǐ méi yòu jiǎng， wǒ cāi xiǎng zuì chí bù yìng wǎn yú míng chū。 qí lǐ yóu yòu 'èr：
　　 dì yī， cóng shí jiān shàng tuī suàn， yìng zài míng chū zhī qián。《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 yún：
　　 xiān shì lián shuǐ rén， rán bù rú hé shí xǐ shān yáng。 zāo jiā qióng gū， shī pǔ dié， gù sān shì yǐ shàng mò néng xiáng yě。 zēngzǔ huì dǐng； zǔ huì míng， yú yáo xùn dǎo； huáng kǎo huì zhēn， rén hé jiào yù。
　　 zhè lǐ suǒ shuō de zēngzǔ、 zǔ、 huáng kǎo， jūn shì yǐ wú chéng 'ēn de fù qīn wú ruì de shēn fèn lái shuō de。 suǒ wèi“ sān shì yǐ shàng”， jiù shì zhǐ de zhè sān shì， bìng bù bāo kuò wú chéng 'ēn fù zǐ， ruò lián tā men fù zǐ jì suàn， dāng wéi wǔ shì。 zhè wǔ dài wú chéng 'ēn shì qīng chǔ de， cóng tā fù qīn de zēngzǔ wú dǐng xiàng shàng biàn“ mò néng xiáng yě”。 wú chéng 'ēn shēng yú shí liù shì jì chū， jù míng dài kāi guó 130 yú nián。 àn tōng cháng 30 nián wéi yī shì de shuō fǎ lái jì suàn， wú chéng 'ēn xiàng shàng sì dài wéi 120 nián， shí jiān zhèng hǎo shì míng chū。“ sān shì yǐ shàng mò néng xiáng yě” de yì sī， míng xiǎn shì shuō wú dǐng bìng fēi qiān huái shǐ zǔ， qiān huái shì tā yǐ qián de yī shì、 èr wèi shèn zhì jǐ shì de shì， zhǐ bù guò shì yīn wéi méi yòu pǔ dié， wú chéng 'ēn shuō bù qīng chǔ bà liǎo。 suǒ yǐ， wú shì qiān huái bù dāng wǎn yú míng chū。
　　 dì 'èr， yuán cháo mò nián zhàn zhēng pín réng， huái 'ān suǒ zāo zhàn huò yóu wéi yán zhòng， tǔ zhù jū mín sǐ sàn dài jìn， rén kǒu ruì jiǎn。 jù huáng lí zhōu wéi huái 'ān yáng shì jié zuò de chuán jì， yǐ jí cáo biāo《 huái chéng xìn jīn lù》、 yáng qìng zhī《 chūn xiāo yì shèng》 děng jìzǎi，“ míng chū shuí rén cún zhě zhǐ qī jiā”。“ huái rén” dà gài zhǐ de shì chéng nèi jū mín，“ qī jiā” kě néng shì zhǐ qī gè xìng。 jù shuō zhè qī xìng shì yī“ jié xiào xú（ jī）、 huái shù lǐ、 méi huā liú、 qiē miàn zhāng、 miàn hé wáng、 biǎo bèi wáng、 nán mén pān（ xūn）” děng jǐ jiā。 cǐ wài， hái yòu rén shuō qī xìng zhōng yòu xìng wú de， dàn nà shì zhǐ de shì hòu lái zhōng jìn shì zuò guò yù shǐ de wú jié、 wú nà yī jiā， yǔ wú chéng 'ēn bìng wú guā gé。 wú chéng 'ēn de zǔ xiān bù shì huái 'ān yuán dài yí mín， ér shì yuán mò míng chū cóng lián shuǐ qiān rù de。 míng chū， míng tài zǔ zhēn duì jiāng běi jū mín xī shǎo de zhuàng kuàng shí xíng yí mín zhèng cè。 lái shuí de yí mín duō qiān zì jiāng nán， ér qiě duō wéi fù hù huò jūn guān。 zhì jīn huái 'ān xǔ duō rén hái shì dài xiāng chuán shuō zì jǐ lǎo jiā shì jiāng nán sū zhōu huò qí tā shénme dì fāng。 wú chéng 'ēn jiā yóu běi xiàng nán， zì rán bù shǔ yú zhè gè cháo liú， yīnggāi shì yuán mò míng chū pò chǎn nóng mín de liú qiān。
　　 wú chéng 'ēn zǔ xiān qiān huái hòu shì cóng shì shénme zhí yè de ní？《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 zhōng méi yòu tán jí。 dāng shí qiān huái de rén zhōng yòu de shì jūn jí， lì róng yú huái 'ān wèi、 dà hé wèi、 kuān hé wèi děng wèi suǒ； yòu de shì shāng jí， cóng shì shāng yè huó dòng； yě yòu yī xiē rén shì xiān rén zài huái zuò guān 'ér dìng jū xià lái de； yòu xiē rén jiā cóng shì yī yè， rú pān jiā、 lú jiā； hái yòu hěn duō rén jiā cóng shì rú yè， yǐ kào dú shū zuò guān chī fàn， děng děng。 wú chéng 'ēn jiā bù shì jūn jí， yě bù shì zuò dà guān rén jiā de hòu yì， yě bù xiàng yī kāi shǐ jiù shì yè rú de。 jù《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 jìzǎi， wú chéng 'ēn jiā chū guò liǎng dài xué guān： zēngzǔ wú míng zuò guò zhè jiāng yú yáo xiàn de xùn dǎo， zǔ fù wú zhēn yóu lì gòng zuò guò zhè jiāng rén hé xiàn（ jīn háng zhōu shì） de jiào yù（ tóng zhì《 shān yáng xiàn zhì》 juàn jiǔ、 guāng xù《 háng zhōu fǔ zhì） juàn yī 0 èr de jìzǎi jūn wéi xùn dǎo）。 xùn dǎo yǔ jiào yù dōushì guān wēi fèng bó de lěng guān， yuǎn lí jiā xiāng， diān pèi liú lí， qī 'ér wǎng wǎng bù néng tuán jù zài yī qǐ。 dāng wú chéng 'ēn de fù qīn wú ruì sì suì shí， qí mǔ liáng shì， dài zhe tā yī qǐ qù rén hé， fū qī fù zǐ tuán jù yǐ xiǎng tiān lún zhī lè。 tuán yuán de rì zǐ hái wèi guò shù yuè， bù xìng de shì qíng fā shēng liǎo： wú ruì de fù qīn jí wú chéng 'ēn de zǔ fù wú zhēn jìng bìng shì rèn suǒ。 liáng shì wú nài， zhǐ yòu dài zhe sì suì de gū 'ér wú ruì huí huái。 yóu yú tā jiā liǎng dài jīng yíng de shì“ jiǔ rú shí gài” de“ qióng rú”， jì wú shénme jī xù， gèng wú qí tā shōu rù， suǒ yǐ jiā jìng yuè lái yuè qióng。 yīn wéi qióng， yòu wú qīn yǒu jiē jì， wú ruì dào liǎo shàng xué de nián líng yě bù néng shàng xué， bǐ bié rén jiā hái zǐ chí liǎo hǎo jǐ nián， cái kāi shǐ jìn rù shè xué dú shū。 yīn wéi wú qián gěi shè xué xiān shēng sòng lǐ， xiān shēng jiù bù zěn me jiào wú ruì。 dàn shì， wú ruì hěn cōng míng， zài bàng biān zhuān xīn tīng xiān shēng gěi bié rén jiǎng， jū rán xué dào liǎo suǒ yòu de kè yè， bìng qiě xué dé hěn hǎo。 wú ruì de cōng huì gǎn dòng liǎo shè xué xiān shēng， dé dào liǎo xiān shēng de zàn shǎng， tuī jiàn tā dào xiāng xué qù jì xù dú shū。 dàn zhōng yīn wú jiā jiā jì kùn nán 'ér méi yòu qù chéng。 liáng fū rén tòng xīn jí shǒu dì shuō：“ wú shì xiū wén 'èr shì yǐ， ruò cǐ 'ěr， sī gū ruò nài hé！” xiān shì liáng fū rén kū qì， jiē zhe wú ruì yě gēn zhe kū， mǔ zǐ bào tóu tòng kū yīcháng liǎo shì。 wú ruì shī xué yǐ hòu gān xiē shénme wǒ men wú fǎ zhī dào， dàn tā dào 'èr shí suì de shí hòu， biàn qǔ liǎo xiǎo shāng rén xú jiā de nǚ 'ér chéng liǎo jiā。 fó jiā shì dài mài huā biān huā xiàn yī lèi xiǎo shāng pǐn， wú shuō biàn chéng xí liǎo tā jiā de hángyè， zuò zài diàn táng lǐ chéng liǎo yī gè xiǎo shāng rén。 cóng zhè yī duàn jìzǎi zhōng， wǒ men kě yǐ kàn chū wú chéng sī jiā de yī xiē lǎo dǐ。 suǒ wèi“ xiū wén 'èr shì”， dà gài jiù shì zhǐ de chéng 'ēn de céng zǔ wú míng hé zǔ fù wú zhēn。 zài jìn yī bù xì xì zhuó mó zhè jù huà， sì hū wú jiā yè rú de yě jǐn cǐ liǎng dài， qí xiān shì bìng bù shì dú shū rén jiā。 wú jiā xiān shì jì fēi yè rú， yòu fēi jūn jí， gèng fēi guān huàn， cǐ wài yào me jiù shì cóng shì nóng yè， yào me jiù shì jīng yíng shāng yè。 liǎng xiāng bǐ jiào， wǒ rèn wéi tā jiā chū qiān huái shí jīng yíng de shì xiǎo shāng yè kě néng gèng xiàng xiē。 zhè lǐ yòu liǎng tiáo lǐ yóu。
　　 yī、 wú chéng 'ēn jiā bìng wú dì chǎn shōu rù。 yòu rén shuō， wú jiā qiān huái hòu yuán zhù zài 'èr pū guàn gōu， cóng shì de shì nóng yè。 tā men de gēn jù shì yīn wéi wú chéng 'ēn sǐ hòu zàng zài nà lǐ， bìng chēng nà 'ér wéi“ xiān lǒng”。 zhè gè zhèng jù shì bùzúwèi píng de。“ lǒng” jiù shì mù dì，“ xiān lǒng” shì xiān rén mù dì de yì sī， bìng bù shuō míng tā jiā zài nà 'ér yòu duō shǎo tǔ dì。 chéng lǐ rén sǐ liǎo zǒng bù néng mái zài chéng lǐ， zàng dào xiāng xià qù shì bì rán de， zài xiāng xià mǎi yī kuài tǔ dì zuò wéi mù dì shì zhèng cháng de shì qíng。 dāng rán， wú jiā yī kāi shǐ jiù zhì xià zhè kuài dì chǎn， zì rán yòng bù zhe zài qù mǎi de。 dàn wǒ xiǎng nà yàng shì bù dà kě néng de。 wú jiā yóu lián shuǐ qiān lái， rú guǒ yuán lái jiù shì dì zhù fù hù， nà tā jiù bù huì fàng qì yuán yòu de tǔ dì， pāo kāi jiā yuán dào zhè 'ér lái zhòng zhì tián chǎn， rú guǒ shì pò chǎn nóng mín qiān lái， nà tā gèng bù huì yòu qián dào huái 'ān xiāng xià mǎi tián。 míng chū cóng jiāng nán xiàng jiāng běi yí mín， shì yīn wéi jiāng běi dì duō rén xī， dòng yuán jiāng nán fù hù dào jiāng běi kěn huāng， shì yòu kāi fā jiāng běi de mù de de。 dāng shí shì yòng xíng zhèng shǒu duàn“ gǎn” lái de， huái 'ān zhì jīn nóng mín zhōng réng yòu“ hóng wǔ gǎn sàn” de shuō fǎ。 míng chū lián shuǐ de jīng jì zhuàng kuàng bù huì bǐ huái 'ān hǎo， wú jiā qiān huái jué bù shì yīn wéi shì fù hù 'ér bèi“ gǎn” lái de。
　　 cóng lìng yī gè fāng miàn lái jiǎng， rú guǒ wú jiā yōng yòu yī dìng de dì chǎn， dàngzuò jiào yù de wú zhēn sǐ hòu， wú jiā bù zhì yú qióng dào nà zhòngdì bù， wú chéng 'ēn de fù qīn lián gè shè xué dū shàng bù qǐ， chí liǎo jǐ nián cái shàng； shàng liǎo shè xué yòu wú qián gěi xiān shēng sòng lǐ， yǐ zhì shòu rén qí shì； dào liǎo zuì hòu hái shì chuò xué liǎo shì。 yǐ wǒ de tuī cè ， tā jiā jiǎn zhí méi yòu shénme dì chǎn， tā jiā xiān bèi qiān huái hòu gēn běn bù shì nóng mín。
　　 èr、 wǒ rèn wéi wú jiā lái huái hòu jiù zhù zài hé xià。 dāng shí hé xià zài huái hé（ dāng shí yě jiào huáng hé， huáng hé duó huái hòu， zhè yī dài huái hé xià yóu yě shì huáng hé de xià yóu。）， xī biān zé shì yùn hé， hé xià chù zài liǎng hé zhī jiān， shì yī gè shāng bù。 dāng shí cóng gè dì lái de shāng rén hé gè zhǒng zhí yè de rén hěn duō， dà dū jù jū zài zhè lǐ。 zhè xiē rén hòu mǐ dū zhú jiàn rù liǎo shān yáng jí。 tā jiā qiān huái hòu luò jiǎo yú hé xià， chù zài yī gè jiā jiā jīng shāng de jiē shì zhī zhōng， cóng 'ér shòu qí yǐng xiǎng， cóng shì mǒu zhǒng xiǎo shāng yè lái móu shēng shì hěn zì rán de shì qíng。 cóng xiàn zài tā jiā zài hé xià de zhōu wéi huán jìng lái kàn， zhèng shì zhè yàng de qíng kuàng： dǎ tóng xiàng、 dīng tiě xiàng、 fěn zhāng xiàng、 gùyī jiē bāo wéi zài tā jiā de sì zhōu。 zhè xiē xiàng zǐ lǐ de jū mín jī běn shàng jīng yíng zhe xiàng míng zhōng suǒ liè de hángdāng。 dāng jīng shāng yòu liǎo yú lì， shēng huó zhuàng kuàng yòu suǒ gǎi shàn， jiù xiàng dú shū zuò guān de fāng xiàng jìn qǔ， bìng qiě yòu liǎo yī xiē chéng xiào， chū xiàn liǎo liǎng dài xué gōng（ jìn guǎn wú zhēn shì lì gòng shēng chū shēn， kě néng yào chū yī diǎn qián， dàn zhèng hǎo zhèng míng tā jiā jì yòu dú shū zǐ， jīng jì shàng yòu xiǎo yòu fù yú）。 zhè shí， tā jiā biàn pāo qì liǎo yuán lái suǒ jīng yíng de yǔ xiàn zài zuò guān（ suī rán shì bù rù liú de xiǎo guān） shēn fèn bù xiāngchèn de shāng yè， shēng huó lái yuán jiù kào zuò xué guān de wēi bó fèng lù lái wéi chí。 yī dàn zhè tiáo dào lù chū liǎo wèn tí jiù huì chū xiàn má fán。 guǒ rán， wú zhēn sǐ liǎo， méi yòu guān fèng liǎo， quán jiā shēng huó lì jí chū xiàn wēi jī， lián wú shuō shàng shè xué dú shū dū kùn nán。 rú guǒ shì guān liáo jiān dì zhù de jiā tíng， shì bù huì chū xiàn zhè yàng de wèn tí de。 wú jiā méi yòu dì chǎn， shēng huó jiān nán， shì kě yǐ xiǎng jiàn de。 zhè shí wéi shēng huó suǒ bī，“ xiū wén 'èr shì” de shū xiāng zǐ dì， zhōng tú chuò xué， nòng dào diàn táng zuò qǐ xiǎo shēng yì lái， yī xià zǐ yòu tuì huí dào liǎo xiǎo shāng rén de dì wèi。 zhè duì yú wú jiā lái shuō， zǔ shàng jīng yíng guò de zhí yè， hòu rén chóngxīn shí qǐ， qīng chē shú dào， yī bān qíng kuàng xià shì hěn zì rán 'ér bù tū wù de。
　　 wú chéng 'ēn shuō tā jiā de jìng kuàng“ qióng gū”。“ qióng gū” shì tā jiā shì de zhù yào tè zhēng。 suǒ wèi“ qióng”， zhù yào shì zhǐ jīng jì shàng kùn nán。 rú qián suǒ shù， tā jiā què shí bù fù yù， yòu shí bǐ jiào jiān nán。 lìng wài， yě kě néng jiān yòu zhǐ mìng yùn bù tài hǎo de yì sī， jǐ dài yǐ lái qū qū zhé zhé bù fā dá， méi yòu jiāo shàngdàng dà guān、 fā dà cái de hǎo yùn。 yǐ jīng zuò liǎo liǎng dài xiǎo guān liǎo， jiēguǒ bù dàn méi yòu shàng shēng， fǎn 'ér yòu huí dào liǎo yuán lái de dì wèi， xiàn rù jiān nán kùn jìng。 suǒ wèi“ gū”， dà gài zhǐ rén dīng bù xīng wàng， jǐ dài dān chuán， shì dān lì bó， rén kǒu bù duō。 wú jiā kùn nán liǎo， wú rén zī zhù， shòu rén qī wǔ liǎo， yě méi yòu rén wèitā chēng yāo； wú chéng 'ēn de fù qīn shòu jìn liǎo guān fǔ xū lì de qiāo zhà lè suǒ， yě méi rén wèitā shuō jù gōng dào huà。 zhè xiē míng xiǎn kàn chū tā de jiā zú shì duō me“ qióng gū”、 hán wēi。 jiā zú nèi jì méi yòu zuò dà guān zuàn dà qián de rén kě yǐ zuò wéi tā jiā zhèng zhì shàng huò jīng jì shàng de kào shān， kǒng pà běn zú zhōng de xiōng dì shū bó dōuhěn shǎo， xiàn zài hái méi fā xiàn tā de jiā zú zhōng qí tā rén de jìzǎi。 zhǒng zhǒng jì xiàng biǎo míng tā jiā kě néng jǐ dài dān chuán。
　　 wú chéng 'ēn de qīn qī guān xì zhōng， yě méi yòu shénme zhí dé xuàn yào de。 zǔ shàng de qīn， wú chéng 'ēn méi yòu tán dào guò， dà gài wú zú chēng dào。 zǔ mǔ liáng shì niàn jiā hé chù bù qīng chǔ， bā chéng shì huái 'ān rén。 dāng shí huái 'ān liáng jiā yě bù xiǎn yào， jiù zǔ de qíng kuàng yě bù zhī dào。 wèi jiàn yòu zǔ gū mǔ de jìzǎi， wú cóng tán qǐ。 dí mǔ xú shì shì gè shāng rén de nǚ 'ér， shēng mǔ zhāng shì hé xǔ rén yě gèng yī wú suǒ zhī。 guān yú jiù jiā jí gū mǔ jiā， jìng lián piàn yán zhǐ yǔ yě wèi jiàn， huò zhě gān cuì jiù méi yòu gū mǔ。 wú chéng 'ēn de fù bèi yǐ shàng qīn shǔ qíng kuàng， jiǎn zhí shì gè mí。
　　 yòu rén lè yú chēng dào wú chéng 'ēn zì jǐ zhè yī dài zhōng de liǎng mén qīn qī： yī shì jiě fū shěn jiā， lìng yī shì qī jiù yè jiā。 tā men fēn bié shì shěn yì hé yè qí de hòu yì。 shěn yì hé yè qí 'èr rén， fēn bié zài jǐng tài nián jiān hé hóng zhì nián jiān rèn guò nán、 běi hù bù shàng shū， zhè liǎng jiā zài huái 'ān dōuhěn yòu dì wèi。 dàn shì， wú chéng 'ēn de jiě fū hé qī zǐ dà gài zhǐ shì zhè liǎng jiā de zú rén， bìng fēi zhè liǎng wèi shàng shū dà rén de dí chuán yì sūn。 rán 'ér zǒng suàn shì zhān qīn dài gù， yòu yī diǎn qīn qī guān xì。 xiàn zài wǒ men jiù lái kàn kàn zhè liǎng mén qīn qī de qíng kuàng。
　　 xiān shuō jiě fū shěn jiā。《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 yún：“ xú fū rén shēng yī nǚ chéng jiā， shì tóng jùn shěn shān。” jù cǐ kě zhī， wú chéng 'ēn de jiě fū jiào shěn shān。 zěn me zhī dào shěn shān yǔ shěn yì shì běn jiā de ní？ zhè shì shěn shān de nǚ 'ér de 'ér zǐ jí wài sūn， yě jiù shì wú chéng 'ēn de biǎo wài sūn qiū dù， wèitā de fù mǔ zhuàn xiě de mù zhì míng zhōng fǎn yìng chū lái de。 gāi mù zhì míng yún。“ xiàng huái jùn chēng dà xìng zhě， xiān shàng shū shěn gōng zhī zú yě； wú mǔ nǎi gōng zhī zú， tóng zhī gōng zhī sūn nǚ yě。” cǐ mù zhì míng yòu yún， qí wài zǔ mǔ shì“ wú tài fū rén”，“ shè yáng wú gōng， mǔ jiù yě”。 yóu cǐ kě zhī， qiū dù de mǔ qīn shěn shì shì wú chéng 'ēn de wài shēng nǚ， jí“ wú tài fū rén” wú chéng jiā de nǚ 'ér。 nà me， wú chéng 'ēn de jiě fū shěn shān dāng jí wéi“ xiān shàng shū shěn gōng zhī zú yě”。 huái 'ān dāng shí xìng shěn de shàng shū zhǐ yòu shěn yì yī rén， suǒ yǐ， shěn shān shì shěn yì de zú rén。 cǐ wài， qiū dù de zhōng biǎo xiōng dì zài shěn yì de zú pǔ zhōng jūn yòu míng què jìzǎi， ér qiě shěn shì zú pǔ zhōng hái bǎ qiū dù zuò wéi zhòng yào qīn qī jìzǎi jìn qù。 zhè xiē dōushì què zhèng。
　　 jù qiū dù《 píng yá gōng mù zhì míng》， shěn shì“ xiān shì jiā dōng lǔ， guó chū shǐ zǔ qī yī gōng bì bīng xǐ shān yáng， suì jiā yān。 hòu sì yǐ kē mù xiǎn， qí zhàn jiá dì yòu huì yì zhě， lěi gōng nán jīng hù bù shàng shū， zhèng tǒng jiān yòu yù lǔ gōng。 huì bǎo zhě， guān lì kē dū jǐshìzhōng， shēng tài pú sì shǎo qīng， zhí shēng yú tái shèng huì chún zhě， lěi guān zhì sì chuān yòu bù zhèng， gōng zài shēng mín …… guān yīn hè yì， kē míng chán lián， wú huái shù jù xìng huàn zú， zhǐ shǒu qū zé jí shěn。” zhè què shí shì yī gè xiǎn hè de jiā zú。 rán 'ér， cǐ shěn shì zú pǔ zhōng jìng rán méi yòu shěn shān de míng zì， gèng méi qǔ wú shì de jìzǎi。 àn zhào qiū dù yǔ shěn shì jiā zú de guān xì， shěn shān yīngshì shěn。 shěn huò zhě jiù shì shěn shān de pǔ míng、 hòu gǎi míng。 zhè yòu rú xià gēn jù：
　　 yī、 qiū dù zhuàn《 píng yá gōng mù zhì míng》 yún：“ fū shěn zú nǎi huái zhī qiáo mù yī jiù jiā， wú mǔ chì fēng zèng gōng rén yù xiù zhī mén， ér píng yá gōng yǔ yú yòu biǎo xiōng dì zhī yǎ zhě yě。” píng yá gōng míng shěn pǔ， zì zhì fū， bié hào píng yá， cháng qiū dù sān suì。
　　 èr、 shěn qiàn《 shàng lín yuàn jiān shǔ chéng pī xiǎn fǔ jūn xíng lüè》 yún：“ qiū gōng zhèn gāng（ qiū dù zì zhèn gāng）， xiān zǔ zhōng biǎo kūn dì yě。” shěn qiàn de xiān zǔ jí shěn pǔ。
　　 sān、 shěn péi kuān《 fǔ jūn xíng shù》 yún：“ céng wáng fù jiàn bèi shí， wáng fù wán bái gōng nián shí 'èr， tuō gū yú biǎo xiōng zhèn gāng qiū gōng。” shěn péi kuān de zēngzǔ fù yě hái shì shěn pǔ。
　　 yǐ shàng zhè xiē jìzǎi jūn jiàn shěn yì de zú pǔ。
　　 àn： shěn pǔ de fù qīn jiào shěn tiān zī， zǔ fù jiào shěn， zēngzǔ jiào shěn xuān， gāo hàn míng shěn xǔ， xǔ wéi shěn yì zhī 'èr xiōng。 jì rán shěn pǔ yǔ qiū dù wéi zhōng biǎo xiōng dì， nà me， shěn tiān zī yìng wéi qiū dù zhī mǔ jiù， yǔ qiū dù mǔ qīn shěn shì wéi qīn xiōng mèi huò qīn jiě dì， tiān zī zhī fù shěn dāng wéi qiū dù de wài zǔ fù， jí wú chéng jiā suǒ jià zhī fū míng shěn shān zhě。 wǒ xiǎng zhè shì bù kě gǎi yì de tuī lùn。 shěn shì zú pǔ zhōng bù míng shěn shān 'ér jiào shěn 5 yíng， kě néng shěn shān shì chū yòng míng， hòu lái gǎi zuò shěn！ yíng de yuán gù。 jù shěn shì zú pǔ jìzǎi， shěn zì cháo yòng， pèi nìngshì、 wáng shì， dàn shì méi yòu wú shì de jìzǎi。 zhè dà gài yīn wéi wú jiā“ qióng gū”， wú chéng jiā jià dào shěn jiā jǐn jǐn shì cè shì， shèn huò shì qiè， ér qiě kě néng méi yòu shēng nán hái zǐ de yuán gù。 shěn shān de nián líng kě néng bǐ wú chéng jiā dà dé duō。 shěn yì xíng sān， shēng yú 1392 nián， qí 'èr xiōng shěn xǔ de shēng nián dāng gèng zǎo yī xiē。 shěn shān wéi shěn xǔ sì zǐ shěn xuān zhī dú zǐ， shì shěn xǔ zhī dì sān dài， shēng nián dāng wǎn 'èr shì。 rú guǒ yǐ 30 nián wéi yī shì， yī 'èr shì wéi 60 nián， dāng wéi 1450 nián qǐng。 rú guǒ zài jiā shàng kě néng yòu de qí tā yī xiē tè shū qíng kuàng， zài jiā cháng yī xiē shí jiān， zhì jìn yìng wéi 1460 nián huò 1470 nián qǐng。 ér tā de zhǎngzǐ shěn tiān zī shēng yú 1500 nián， liǎng zhě chā jù bǐ jiào dà， suǒ yǐ， shěn shān de shēng nián kě néng jiào zǎo， shèn zhì yǔ wú chéng 'ēn de fù qīn wú ruì de shēng nián jiē jìn（ wú ruì shēng yú 1461 nián）。 gēn jù shàng shù qíng kuàng fēn xī， shěn shān jǐn shì shěn shàng shū de zhí sūn， chéng 'ēn de jiě jiě chéng jiā yòu fēi shěn shān de yuán pèi fū rén， jǐn shì zú pǔ shàng wú míng de pèi 'ǒu， suǒ yǐ zhè mén qīn qī wú zú chēng dào。 jiā zhī shěn shì dào liǎo shěn shān zhè yī dài méi yòu chū dá guān guì rén， gèng méi yòu shénme kě yǐ zhí dé xuàn yào de。 yīn cǐ， wú chéng 'ēn jǐn zài qí fù mù zhì míng zhōng， àn tōng cháng guàn lì tí liǎo yī xià shěn shān de míng zì， bìng wèi zuò jìn yī bù de jiè shào， zài qí tā dì fāng yě jué wèi tí jí。 hòu lái qiū dù zhōng liǎo jìn shì zuò liǎo guān， qiū dù de xuè guǎn lǐ liú yòu shěn shì de xuè yè， suǒ yǐ shěn shì yǔ qiū jiā de guān xì cái dé yǐ zēng qiáng， ér lián dài de shěn jiā yǔ wú jiā de guān xì cái bèi kàn zhòng。 cóng zhè lǐ， wǒ men yě kě kàn chū、 wú chéng 'ēn jiā dāng chū de shè huì dì wèi shì rú hé de dī xià。
　　 wú chéng 'ēn de yuè fù yè jiā de qíng kuàng yě yòu diǎn xiāng lèi sì。 yè shì xiān zǔ wéi nán sòng chū nián zǎixiàng yè héng， shì jū zhè jiāng zhī jīn huá。 yè qí zēngzǔ yè yóng， zài yuán dài yǐ shī míng shì， zhù yòu《 qiáo yún dú chàng》， zǔ fù yè tǔ lián， hóng wǔ chū shù huái， suì wéi huái 'ān wèi rén。《 míng shǐ》 juàn yī bā wǔ yòu yè qí chuán。 jù chuán， qí zì běn qīng， jǐng tài wǔ nián jìn tǔ， shòu yù shǐ， chéng huà zhōng lěi guān zhì dà tóng xún fǔ， hóng zhì sì nián wéi hù bù shàng shū， xún jiā tài zǐ tài bǎo。 mù zhì míng wéi lǐ dōng yáng zhuàn。 jù mù zhì， yè qí shēng yú 1426 nián， zú yú 1501 nián。 tā“ cháng shēn xiū rán， jiàn zhě zhī wéi wěi qì，”“ pèi hé shì， zèng fū rén， jì jué lǐ kǒng shì， fēng fū rén， jiē yòu nèi xíng”。 hé shì shì bù xiáng， kǒng shì， jí wú chéng 'ēn wéi zhī zhuàn《 shòu yè tài lǎo fū rén bā shí sòng》 hé《 yè tài mǔ wǎn shī xù》（ jiàn《 shè yáng xiān shēng cún gǎo》 juàn yī、 juàn 'èr） de“ yè dà lǎo fū rén” hé“ yè tài mǔ”。 chéng 'ēn zài zhè liǎng piān wén zhāng zhōng shuō：“ xiān shàng shū guó zhù chén， kāng yì hǎi nèi， zhèn gōng bǎo yì”，“ tài fū rén xiù zhōng jué lǐ， wéi xiān shī sì shí wǔ dài zhī zhēn yì”。 yòu shuō；“ chéng 'ēn dāo tiǎn hūn yīn， bān tài mǔ zēngsūn zhī mò”。 suī rán wú chéng 'ēn zài《 xiān fǔ bīn mù zhì míng》 zhōng jǐn yán tā“ qǔ yè shì”， wèi míng yán shì chū yú nǎ yī gè yè jiā， dàn wǒ men cóng zhè liǎng piān wén zhāng biàn kě zhī dào yè shì shì yè qí de hòu yì， shì yè qí zēngsūn yī bèi de zú rén。 yè tài mǔ kǒng shì shēng yú 1468 nián， bǐ tā zhàng fū yè qí xiǎo sì shí 'èr suì， yè qí qù shì shí tā nián jǐn sān shí sì suì。 cóng shí jiān shàng tuī suàn， chéng 'ēn qī yè shì gēn běn bù kě néng shì kǒng shì qīn zēngsūn nǚ， jǐn zài zēngsūn zhè yī“ bān” zhōng， ér qiě yòu shì“ mò”。 kàn lái chéng 'ēn qī yè shì bìng fēi yè qí de dí chuán zǐ sūn。 lǐ dōng yáng suǒ zhuàn de yè qí mù zhì zhōng guān yú kǒng shì de jìzǎi， jǐn zài míng kè běn《 huái lù táng wén hòu gǎo》 juàn 'èr shí sì zhōng yòu zhī， dào liǎo cǐ shū de qīng kè běn zhōng，“ jì jué lǐ kǒng shì， fēng fū rén， jiē yòu nèi xíng” jǐ gè zì bèi shān qù liǎo。 zhè jiù shǐ wǒ xiǎng qǐ wú chéng 'ēn de jiě jiě wú chéng jiā lái。 dà gài fù nǚ jià zuò jì shì、 cè shì， huò zhě wèi shēng 'ér zǐ de， jiù shì zhè yàng de mìng yùn。 bèi fēng wéi fū rén de kǒng shì shàng qiě rú cǐ， píng mín bǎi xìng de nǚ zǐ wú chéng jiā bù rù shěn shì zú pǔ hái yòu shénme de kě shuō ní？ yè qí dì xiōng 'èr rén， qí dì míng yè yáng。 yáng zǐ yè zhì， yǔ chóng lǐ， tiān shùn gēng chén jìn tǔ。 jù tiān qǐ《 huái 'ān fǔ zhì》 juàn shí liù jìzǎi， tā“ dāng guān wài hé nèi yán， shù yù yuán qǐng dìng fǎ， rén bù gǎn gān yǐ sī。 lì shǒu sān dà jùn， zī zī jìn zhí， bù fú qíng yǐ zhāo yuàn， bù lì yì yǐ yāo míng。 lěi gōng、 xíng 'èr bù shì láng”。 cǐ shū zhí 'èr rén shì dāng shí yè shì de zhòng yào rén wù。 yè zhì zǐ yè quán， hào dí xī， wéi chéng 'ēn de shū zhàng rén。《 shè yáng xiān shēng cún gǎo》 juàn yī shī《 jì dí xī yè tài wén》、 juàn sì《 hè dí wēng tài zhàng qī zhì zhàng cí》， jí wéi tā suǒ zuò。 yè quán jiā tíng tiáo jiàn shí fēn yōu yuè， fù qīn wéi cháo tíng dà lì， zì jǐ chéng qí yìn wéi guāng lù sì diǎn bù（ tóng zhì《 shān yáng xiàn zhì》 juàn jiǔ）。 shū shū yè bǎo hěn yòu qián， jù shuō yè zhì rù guān zhì guī yǐn sì shí yú nián， chū rù gōng fèi jiē chū yú tā。 zhàng cí zhōng shuō， yè quán“ chù zé wéi guì gōng zǐ， chū zé wéi xián shì fū， juàn 'ér guī yě zé wéi xiāng qí kān。 shàonián shí xǐ huān jiāo jié gè zhǒng rén，“ jiāng hú yóu xiá， shí hòu yú qí mén； yì duān fāng jì， rì liè yú qí qián”。 jì 'ér gǎi biàn shēng huó fāng shì， jié jiāo jiē hǎi nèi míng shì：“ xuán bó 'ér yòu qín qí， huī jīn yǐ shōu shū huà。 héng cháng dí， zhuàn xiǎo cí， xún qí chūn yǔ zhī tíng， bì sú shuǐ xī zhī guǎn”。 dàn tā zhōng shēn qīng cái zhòng yì，“ fāng qí fá， zé cháo chǔ wàng hū wǔ cān； shí qí fēng， zé shí kè bèi yú jiā zhòng”。 wú chéng 'ēn suī rán shì tā de zhí qiàn， dàn yīn wèishì dāng shí de míng shì， réng rán bèi tā“ lǐ zhī wéi shàng kè”。 tā men de yǒu qíng shì hěn hǎo de。 dāng yè quán zài jīng chéng shí， chéng 'ēn zuò shī《 jì dí xī yè tài zhàng》， fā chū“ wù qíng xuán jiù shǎng， lí mèng rào cāng bō” de gǎn gài， yào yè quán“ yìng niàn gù shān luó”。 qí shí， yè quán bǐ wú chéng 'ēn dà bù liǎo jǐ suì。 zhàng cí shuō， lóng qìng sì nián（ 1570 nián） shì yè quán de qī shí shòu chén， nà me， tā dāng shēng yú 1501 nián， yǔ wú chéng 'ēn de nián líng xiāng fǎng fó。 zhàng cí hái shuō，“ chéng 'ēn dì yīn mén xià yú sì shí nián”。 zhè jù huà xū yào zuò xiē zhēn zhuó。“ yú” dāng wéi“ yú” zhī wù zhí， dàn zì shū shuō“ yú”、“ yú” xiāng tōng， gǔ rén xǐ huān yòng tōng jiǎ zì， zhè kě gū qiě zhì zhī wù lùn。“ yú sì shí nián” zài gǔ hàn yǔ zhòngyì wéi“ chuí sì shí nián”、“ jiē jìn sì shí nián”， yīn cǐ zhè jù huà hěn chéng wèn tí。 wǒ men jiāng“ yú sì shí nián” jìn liàng shuō dé dà yī xiē， wéi sān shí bā、 jiǔ nián， dào 1570 nián wú chéng sī cái jié hūn sān shí bā、 jiǔ nián， nà me tā jié hūn de shí jiān dāng wéi 1532 nián qǐng。 zhè yī nián wú chéng 'ēn fù qīn gāng gāng qù shì， tā wèitā fù qīn zhuàn xiě mù zhì zhōng gāng hǎo gǎn shàng yǔ shàng“ qǔ yè shì”， zhè wèi miǎn guò yú xuán liǎo xiē。 ér qiě， wú chéng 'ēn cǐ nián yǐ jiāng jìn sān shí suì liǎo， duì yú yī gè jǐ dài dān chuán、 sì shí duō suì fāng dé dú shēng zǐ de jiā tíng lái shuō， kǒng pà jué bù huì ràng hái zǐ dào liǎo sān shí suì， zì jǐ dào liǎo qī shí duō jiē jìn sǐ qī cái ràng hái zǐ jié hūn chéng jiā。 yīn cǐ， wǒ rèn wéi zhè“ yú sì shí nián” dāng wéi“ sì shí yú nián” zhī wù。 zhè yàng de huà， chéng 'ēn de jié hūn nián líng zài 'èr shí lái suì， fāng kě shuō dé guò qù。
　　 yè quán de 'ér zǐ yè 'ēn， wéi jiā qīng 'èr shí jiǔ nián jìn tǔ， guān yù shǐ， sūn zǐ yè yǔn wǔ， zhōng wàn lì 'èr shí nián wǔ huì shì dì yī。 zhè yǐ shì wú chéng 'ēn shēn hòu de shì liǎo。 zǒng zhī， wú chéng 'ēn de zhè mén qīn qī jiù shì zhè yàng de zhuàng kuàng， sì hū yào bǐ shěn shì jiā zú hǎo yī xiē。
　　 wú chéng 'ēn yòu jǐ gè zǐ nǚ？ yě méi yòu jìzǎi。 tā yòu guò 'ér zǐ， míng jiào fèng máo， dàn hěn zǎo jiù qù shì liǎo。 yòu méi yòu qí tā zǐ nǚ wú fǎ zhī dào。 chén wén zhú wèitā zuò de《 huā cǎo xīn biān xù》 zhōng shuō， wú chéng 'ēn qù shì yǐ hòu， wú jiā yǐ“ jiā wú chuī huǒ fá yǐ”。 gēn jù zhè jù huà lái kàn， wú chéng 'ēn shì tā jiā zuì hòu yī gè qù shì de rén， dà gài shì méi yòu qí tā zǐ nǚ， tā sǐ liǎo yǐ hòu， yān cōng zǐ jiù bù mào yān liǎo， cóng cǐ biàn duàn liǎo yān huǒ。 jí shǐ yòu nǚ 'ér de huà， nà dà gài zǎo yǐ chū jià liǎo。 dàn shì méi yòu cái liào zhèng míng zhè yī diǎn。
　　 wú fèng máo de qíng kuàng zhǐ yòu liǎng chù tí dào guò， yī shì《 jiè shè bān》 zhōng shuō：“ chéng 'ēn lìng zǐ zhī píng shēng fèi fǔ jiāo yě， yòu zhòng yǐ hūn yīn zhī yì”。 lìng yī chù shì wéi shěn kūn fù mǔ zuò de mù zhì míng zhōng shuō：“ bǐ wǒ jì jī， guàn yǒu tōng jiā。 wǒ wáng zǐ fèng máo， jì jiǔ yòu cháng xǔ hūn yǐ nǚ”。 qián yī piān wén zhāng shì jiā jìng 'èr shí sān nián（ 1544） shěn kūn zhòngzhuàngyuán mǎn sān nián kǎo， huáng dì zèng fēng qí fù mǔ， shì féng shěn mǔ liù shí sì suì shòu chén， zuò cǐ wéi zhī qìng hè de。 jiā jìng 'èr shí sān nián duì yú shěn kūn lái shuō， shì xǐ shì lián lián de shí qī。 jiā jìng 'èr shí nián tā zì jǐ zhōng liǎo zhuàng yuán， zhè yī nián huáng shàng gào mìng zèng fēng fù mǔ jí qī zǐ， mèi xù zhāng kǎn cǐ nián yě zhōng liǎo jìn tǔ， tā de jiā zú zhèng chù zài shàng shēng shí qī。 cǐ shí néng yǔ wú chéng 'ēn dìng 'ér nǚ qìngjiā， què shí shì shěn kūn bù wàng yǒu qíng hěn kàn dé qǐ wú chéng 'ēn de shì qíng。 dàn rú guǒ shuō dìng qīn shì qián jǐ nián jí shěn kūn zhòngzhuàngyuán yǐ qián de shì， yě xǔ gèng yòu yī dìng de hé lǐ xìng。 nà me， fèng máo shēng nián dāng zài jiā jìng shí yī nián zhì jiā jìng 'èr shí nián zhī jiān。 dì 'èr piān wén zhāng zuò yú jiā jìng sān shí wǔ nián dōng（ 1556）， wén zhāng zhōng yǐ chēng fèng máo wéi“ wáng zǐ”， shuō míng tā yǐ jīng sǐ liǎo， ér qiě kě néng yǐ jīng yòu liǎo yī duàn shí jiān liǎo。 yīn wéi mù zhì zhōng shuō shěn kūn fù mǔ de sān gè sūn nǚ， yī gè jià liǎo zhōu xué lǐ， lìng liǎng gè yě xǔ pìn liǎo rén jiā。 zhè sān rén dāng zhōng， dāng rán bāo kuò nà gè céng jīng xǔ pìn wú fèng máo de shěn kūn de nǚ 'ér zài nèi， yīn wéi fèng máo sǐ liǎo， biàn yòu lìng xǔ liǎo bié rén。 dàn cǐ shì guò qù de shí jiān sì hū yòu bù huì tài cháng， yīn wéi zài chéng sī de yìn xiàng zhōng hái jì yì yóu xīn， bìng bǎ zhè jiàn shì xiě dào shěn kūn fù mǔ de mù zhì míng zhōng qù。 yě xǔ fèng máo jiù zài cǐ qián yī 'èr nián cái qù shì。 dàn zhè xiē dōushì tuī cè ， jiū jìng wú fèng máo shēng yú hé nián， zú yú hé nián， huó liǎo duō dà， hái nán yǐ shuō qīng chǔ。
　　 yǐ shàng shì duì wú chéng 'ēn de jiā shì jí yòu guān qíng kuàng suǒ zuò de jiǎn dān kǎo shù， mù de shì gōng yán jiū《 xī yóu jì》 hé wú chéng 'ēn de xué rén men cān kǎo。 xǔ duō dì fāng shì dà dǎn de tuī cè ， hái yòu dài yú fā xiàn xīn de zī liào lái jiū zhèng hé chōng shí。

　　Word Ru Zhong, No. Sheyang Shanren, Huai House Shanyang County (now Huaian Chuzhou district) people. Ming novelist. Born in a lower-level officials reduced to a small business family, his father, Wu Rui optimistic personality help one pursue the regular music philosophy, named for his son Cheng'en, Ru Zhong word meaning hope that he can read official, deck mercy next Zeli people, to be a legacy of unnamed loyal. Wu Cheng-en studious child, Yimushihang, Guomuchengsong. He specializes in painting, good at calligraphy, love song lyrics degree, on the Go is also very proficient, but also collections of famous paintings like the paste method. Youth because of his outstanding literary talent made a name in the home, appreciated by people, that his third examination, "who finds a mustard." "Huai House" carries his "sexual sensitivity and multi-Hui, Po-polar group of books for poetry write into legislation." Excited than he was studious, the particular strange hunting like the strange, supernatural like to watch, like Fox Spirit Houjing books. Such as "Weirdo recorded", "Exposition of" unofficial history of the novel class of such bright lights of the mythological world, had formed the potential Mohua strange the strange habit of hunting, increased with age, this hobby increase, which he created "Journey to the West" has a major impact. After 30 years of age, Hunting for the anecdote that he had been "in storage Manxiong", and how has creative plans. 50 years old, he wrote "Journey to the West" back to the first dozen, and later interruptions for many years, until his resignation on the departure of old age back to hometown, he was able to finally complete the "Journey to the West," the creation, last 7 years. Wu Cheng-en into the youth, is unrestrained, light the world Aowu young people. The low social status, the situation of poverty, so that the large unrestrained wit, elicited an avalanche of laughter, be gone are the days Jiaokou reputation. Wu Cheng-en about 20 years of age, and hometown girl surnamed Ye married, marriage, very deep feelings. Although unrestrained Wu Cheng-en, but he behaved, loyal to his wife. Jiajing years in the House of Wu-year-old test and the expedition in the school received excellent results, students gained the qualification examination, and a group of friends to be examinations held in Nanjing. However, talented as his companion who has passed, the world-famous village of wit he actually Mingluosunshan. The following spring, his father died with regret. Initial failure to accept the lessons of Wu in the next three years to concentrate on the text up and down in time to pay tribute to the painstaking efforts Jiajing 10 years in the autumn is still not sitting the exam. Cross shame hate Wu Cheng-en, this winter, actually ill. Two examinations held in the defeat, coupled with his father's death, and Wu Cheng's crackdown is heavy. In his view, the test does not take lifts, not only without the payment of capital, and unworthy of their parents, have a negative ancestor. But he did not think they did not qualify is not capable, but only fate of the poor, he believes that "fame rich own life, we must have the free is crazy?" Life of Wu different prevalent custom and outspoken. Reason he was not high and repeated the first test, it may not want to make against one of his to please Shangguan of the. He was sick of corrupt officialdom, unwilling to go against the original mind, the reality of the dark negative attitude. In his "search Erlang Mountain Map Song" in a poem, wrote: "China pulls out dressed in the disaster, not to ape crane to the trouble. Sitting Song Imperial Households with Goki but not punish Si Xiong Yu Ting. Wild husband are pregnant with more grateful, honestly do lament the Wind 3. wear the chest cut the evil sword, want to hate from the level of weakness. save the day on a vector to save the bow, but does that saying no hero world? who for me To Lin Feng, long years to make security cooperation Qing Ning Gong. "that" people disaster, "the formation of the ugly social reality, reason is that the rulers of poor employment, so that" Goki "" Si Xiong, "as the bad guys in power. He wanted to "To Lin Feng," OK "kingly", to turn things around, but underappreciated, cut down, only left with generous, ask things Rinpu sigh. Live in poverty to not less than the pressure of Wu's lost expedition. After his father died, he needs to manage all the family expenses, but he did not support the portal's capabilities, nor the means to raise a family. Family life, apart from the university in a month fighting to reclaim six meters away, can only sit eating father left a legacy. Enjoy the ups and downs of the social life of Wu began to more clearly, consider the deep questions of social life, and his own poetry to the unreasonable social struggle.
　　Family history of Wu
　　"Journey to the West" author Wu Cheng (1506-1582), the word Yu Zhong, word to loyalty, in the mid Huai'an people. Huai had told Sheyang County in the Han Dynasty, the county has a lake called the South East Sheyang Lake, so as to Wu Cheng-en "Sheyang" as the number, often from the Department "Sheyang lay." Generations have called it the "Hermit Sheyang" This is not about numbers in his old self. Located south of Huai Huai Shui, the Qin and Han period Huaiyin County. Tang is Chuzhou, once the period has been renamed Huaiyin County, so he signed, the front is often dubbed "Huaiyin" word. This is the era of Ming literati general atmosphere of Salt.
　　On Wu Cheng's family background, or very few people knew about the present. Because too little information to date information available to examine the main only the "first government guest epitaph" A. Now, I am under this epitaph, and other materials, as follows some speculation.
　　Wu Chengsi Lianshui bloods who was later moved to Huai'an. What time is moved to Huai'an for? He did not say, I guess no later than not later than the early Ming. The reasons:
　　First, from the time the projections should be before the early Ming. "First the government guest epitaph," says:
　　Lianshui bloods who, however not as good as when the resettlement Sanyo. Isolated by poor families, loss of genealogy, it admitted of III above details are. Ancestor taboo Ding; ancestral taboo Ming, Yuyao discipline; August Ones taboo Chen, Ren didactic.
　　Second, the Yuan Dynasty fighting frequently, Huaian the war was particularly serious, indigenous peoples scattered dead and exhausted, the population plummeted. Pineapple Island for the Huai Yang Shijie, according to the biography, and Cao darts "Huai City recorded a letter today," Yang of "Spring Night Dreamer left" and other records, "who kept the early Ming were only seven." "Huai" and probably refers to the city residents, "seven" could refer to seven names. It is said that seven names is a "Piety Xu (product), Ash Lee, plum Liu, cut sheets, comprehensive cooperation king, mounted back the king, South Gate Pan (Xun)," and so few. In addition, there were seven names have surnamed Wu said, but that must mean that the Censor was done in the chin-shih, Wu Festival, Miss that one, and there is no connection Wu Cheng-en. The ancestors of Wu Huai Yuan Dynasty was not, but Lianshui moved in from the Yuan and Ming. Early Ming-tsu Jiangbei residents for scarce state in immigration policy. To many immigrants who move from the south, and mostly well-off or officers. Huai many generations has also said that he was born in Suzhou, or any other places south. Wu Cheng-en home from north to south, nature does not belong to this trend, Yuan and Ming bankruptcy should be the migration of farmers.
　　Huai-Wu Cheng-en ancestors moved to after it is engaged in what occupations? "First the government guest epitaph" is not mentioned. Some of those who were dishonorably discharged move Huai, attached at the Huai Wei Rong, Ho Wei, Wei Wei, wide river; Some business membership, engaged in commercial activities; also have some official and the ancestors settled in the Huai River; some people in Medical industry, such as Pan, Lu home; there are many people in Confucian industry, relying on official school meals, and so on. Wu Cheng-en home, not a military status, nor do Tai Guanren family descendants, not as the start sector and Confucianism. According to "First House guest epitaph," recorded over two generations of a family of Wu School official: Yuyao County, Zhejiang Province has Zuwu Ming did the discipline, his grandfather from the case of Gong Wu Chen did Zhejiang Renhe County (now Hangzhou) of didactic (Tongzhi "Sanyo County" Book Nine, Guang Xu, "Hangzhou government records) are recorded in Volume 0 2 discipline). Discipline and the didactic are the official micro-thin cold pension officials, far from home, displaced, his wife and children often can not join you. When the father of Wu Wu Rui-year-old, the mother Liang, took him to Ren, the couple father and son reunion with families. Happy days not several months, the unfortunate happened: Wu Rui's father or grandfather of Wu Jing Wu Chen died either by. Liang helpless, only with a sharp back-year-old orphan Wu Huai. As the two generations of his family business is "9 Ru 10" Basically the "poor Confucianism", neither have any savings, but no other income, so his family getting poorer. Because of the poor, nor friends, philanthropic, Wu Rui to school age can not go to school than children of someone's home a few years later, began to enter the social science study. Mr. money to community schools as a gift, not how to teach, Mr. Wu Rui. However, Wu Rui very smart, in the next President to concentrate on listening to others speak, actually learned all the lessons, and learn well. Wu Rui's intelligence agency moved Mr. Science, has been President of appreciation, recommended him to the village school to continue studying. But the end result of the Wu family did not go into his family difficulties. Ms. Liang said bitterly: "Wu Xiuwen II men, and if this ear, Sri defencelessness do nothing!" First, Ms. Liang cry, then cry Wu Rui also followed, mother cried a trouble. Wu Rui doing after school we can not know, but when he went to 2 years old, they married the daughter of Alex became a small business family. Buddhist generation selling lace flowers line a class of small commodities, Wu said that his family would inherit the industry, sitting in stores, became a small businessman. From this record, we can see that Wu Chengsi some tell your family. The so-called "Revised text of II", probably referring to Cheng'en and grandfather had worked Zuwu Ming Wu Zhen. Further refinement of this statement, it seems the Wu family business has only the two generations of Confucianism, his bloods are not reading people. Wu Ru-bloods neither industry, but also non-military status, more non-elite government officials, in addition to or is engaged in agriculture, or is carrying on business. Comparing the two, I think that when his family first moved to Huai business is a small business may be more like these. There are two reasons.
　　First, there is no property of Wu family income. Some say that the Wu family moved to after the origin of Huai irrigation ditch in the second shop, engaged in agriculture. They are based because of Wu's death was buried there, saying there was "the first ridge." This evidence is relied upon to. "Ridge" is the cemetery, "the first ridge," meaning the ancestors graveyard, does not mean his home, where the number of sites. The city can not bury dead in the city, buried into the country is inevitable, in the countryside to buy a piece of land as a cemetery is a normal thing. Of course, the Wu family home under the outset, this piece of property, have no need then to buy the. But I think that would be unlikely. Wu moved to the Lianshui, if the original is the well-off landlord, he will not give up their land, put aside their homes here to reset the land, if the bankrupt farmers to move to, he will not have money Tian Huai country to buy. Jiangbei from the south to the early Ming immigrants, because many rare Jiangbei to mobilize the Jiangnan Fu households to Jiangbei reclamation, is the purpose of developing Jiangbei. At that time, by administrative means "drive" to the, so far the farmers are still Huai'an "Hongwu forced out" argument. The economic situation of the early Ming Lianshui no better than the Huai, Wu Huai not move because of well-off was a "rush" to the.
　　From another perspective, it has a certain property if the Wu family, as a didactic after the death of Wu Zhen, Wu Bu Zhiyu poor to that stage, of Wu's father with a social science are not afford to go, a few years behind Only on; on the Social Studies has no money to Mr. gift, so that the subject of discrimination; to eventually drop out of school trouble. In my guess, just not what his family estate, after his family ancestors moved to the Huai is not farmers.
　　Second, I think the Wu family after living in the Huai River to the next. At that time, under the Huaihe River (then also known as the Yellow, Huai-Yellow wins after this with the Huaihe River is downstream of the Yellow River.), The west is the canal, the river under the river in between the two is a commercial port. At that time merchants from all over the many and various occupations, most live in here. After the meters are moving these people into the Sanyo membership. After moving his family settled in the Huai River, the markets are in a family was among the business, which affected, in a small business to make a living is very natural. From now on, under his home in the river around the environment, it is this: The fight copper Lane, nail iron Lane, Powder Chapter Lane, Gu Yi Street, surrounded by his family around. Basically, these residents of the alley runs Lane were listed in the line of business. When doing business with Yuli, living conditions improved, the school official to the direction of progress, and with some success, there have been two generations of science Palace (although Gong Wu Ching is the case of students origin, may be out of money, but shows that his son home to study both economically small, have surplus). At this time, he would abandon the original family business and is now an official (although it is not a small inflow official) status does not match the commercial, sources of livelihood by doing science officer on the meager Salary to maintain. Once a problem with this road there will be trouble. Sure enough, Wu Zhen dead, no official salary, and family life, a crisis immediately, Wu said that the community schools even have difficulty reading. If the landlord's family and the bureaucracy is not such a problem. Wu is not real estate, life is hard, one might guess. Then for the life force, "Revised text of II", sophisticated children, dropped out of school, start a small business to get entrance hall, once a throwback to the small business status. This is the Wu family, the ancestors ran a professional, later generations to reconstruct it, LRT familiar road, in general, is natural and not unexpected.
　　Wu Cheng-en's relative relationship, there is not much to show off. Ancestors of the pro, Wu Cheng-en is not talked about, probably not enough praise. Liang grandmother where her family is not clear Eighty per cent of people are Huai'an. Huai Ka was renowned not, uncle did not know the situation of the motherland. There was no record of ancestral aunt, out of the question. Di Mu Xu is a businessman's daughter, mother Zhang sort of person is more ignorant. About Jiu Jia and aunt's house to notice a word is observed, or simply no aunt. Of Wu's father over family situation, is simply a mystery.
　　Wu Cheng-en was happy to praise his generation in the two relatives: one brother Sim, and the other is the brother-leaf family. They are the Shen Qi's descendants wing and leaves. Ye Qi Shen wing and two, respectively, and Hongzhi Jingtai between years than any of North and South Book of the Ministry, the two are standing in the Huai. However, the husband and wife, Wu Cheng-en, only about two of the tribe, not two lineal Yi Sun Shang adults. Finally, however, is related to him, it is related. Now let's look at the situation of two relatives.
　　A, Qiu degree Piece "level career public epitaph," saying: "Fu Shen Huai family is one of the old family tree, Wumuchifeng gift Gongren Yuk Sau door, and level career public and I have cousins who are also the elegant." Ya Ping Shen Pu public name, the word quality husband, alias Ya Ping, Qiu degrees year-old.
　　Second, Shen Qian, "Pi-Cheng Shanglin Parkland Supervisor Department was Fujunxinglue" saying: "Kang Qiu public shock (Chen Gang Qiu degree word), table Kundi ancestors also." Shen Qian ancestors that Shen Pu.
　　3, Shen Pei Kuan, "Fu Jun-line state," saying: "has been Wang Fu see the back, the Wang Fu completed 12 years of white public, Tuogu cousin Chen Gang Qiu in public." Shen Pei Shen wide or great-grandfather also Park.
　　These records are see Shen wing of genealogy.
　　By: Shen Shen Pu's father called talent, his grandfather called the sink, ancestor called Shen Xuan, high Chinese name Shen Xu, Xu Shen wings for the Second Brother. Since Shen Qiu degree in Park and cousins, then Shen degree of talent should be the mother of Confucius, and Confucius degree Shen's mother, brother and sister for the pro-or pro-siblings, the father of talent Shen Qiu degrees when the grandfather, that Wu Chengjia are married to husbands who were Shen mountains. I think this is not Gaiyi inference. Shen's family tree does not name the name of Shen Shan Ying Shen 5, may be used Shen Shan is the beginning of the name was later used as Shen! The sake of profit. According to Shen's genealogical records, the Journal of the DPRK to use the word, with Ning's, Wang, but no record of Wu. This is probably because of the Wu family, "poor orphans" simply Ce Shi Shen Wu Chengjia married, or even a concubine, and may not have birth to the male's sake. Shen Shan Wu Chengjia much larger than the age. Shen-wing line of three, was born in 1392, and the second brother Shen Xu's date of birth as earlier. Shen shan Shen Xuan Shen Xu fourth son of an only child, is the third generation Shen Xu, date of birth that night II. If the 30 years I, a II 60, when the 1450 hectares. Possible if coupled with some other special circumstances, coupled with longer time to close should be in 1460 or 1470 hectares. Shen and his eldest son, was born in 1500 and talent, the gap between the two relatively large, so may be an earlier date of birth Shen Shan, and even the father of Wu Rui Wu date of birth close to the (Wu Ruisheng in 1461). Based on the above analysis, only Shen Shen Shan Shang's grandniece, Cheng'en's sister Shen Shan Cheng Ka nor the first wife, only the genealogy of the de facto spouse, so that the door was no less commendable relatives. In addition to Shen Shan Shen's not the VIPs of this generation, but nothing worth showing off. Thus, the epitaph of his father, Wu Cheng-en only by the usual practice to mention the name of a mountain sinking, not further introduction, must not mentioned elsewhere. Later, in the highest imperial examination degree hill made official, Qiu degree Shen's veins are the blood flow, so Shen's relationship with the Hill family was able to increase, while the associated relationship between Shen and Wu Cai Bei value. From here, we can see that the original home of Wu is how low social status.
　　Of Wu's father leaves home situation is somewhat similar. Yip ancestral value for the Southern Song Dynasty prime minister leaves, native of Jinhua, Zhejiang. Ye Ye Yong Ki Fifth-and Sixth, in the Yuan dynasty poetry shi, author of "Qiao Yun solo" grandfather leaves earth honest, the early Hongwu Shu Huai Huai Wei were therefore abandoned. "Ming Dynasty" with Ye Qi Chuan Volume 5 August. Reportedly, the word of the Qing Qi, Jingtai five years into the soil, Professor defying Chenghua tired rose to the rank of governor of Datong, Hongzhi four years the Ministry of Shang, Canada Prince Edward Taibao search. Li Dongyang epitaph as essays. According to epitaphs, Ye Qi, born in 1426 and died in 1501. He "long body repair bearded, see who knows the Wei device," "with Ho, gift wife, following confucius his charm, sealing his wife, there are experts." Ho matter is unknown, his charm, that of Wu whom Piece "Ode to Life Ms. Ye Tailao 80" and "Mrs Ip mother elegy sequence" (see "Sheyang first draft of survival," Volume, Volume II) of the "leaf Tate's Lady "and" Mrs Ip mother. " Cheng'en In two articles, said: "First Shangshu Guo-chu Chen, Kang Yi in at home and, shock Kung Pao Yi," "Que Chung Tai Furen show, the first division 40 Five of the true origin." Said; "Cheng'en hundred honor of the marriage ban is too great-grandson of the late mother." Although Wu Cheng-en, "the first House guest epitaph," only the words he was "Yip married", which is not explicitly a leaf out of home, but we can know from articles Ye Qi Ye is the seed, leaf Ki-great-grandchildren of a generation of Serbs. Mrs Ip said she was born in 1468 Mother his charm, than her husband, a small 40-year-old Ye Qi, Ye Qi's death, she was only 30-year-old. Calculated from the time Cheng'en wife Yip simply can not be pro-Confucianism and great granddaughter, great-grandson of this only in the "class", but also is "at the end." It seems Cheng'en wife leaves Qi Ye is not lineal descendants. Ye Qi Li Dongyang epitaph written by the records on his charm, only Ming dynasty "after the draft text of Huai Tong Lu," Volume II 14 in the, to the Qing edition of the book, "Following the palace where his charm, Mrs. closure, there are experts, "the words were deleted. This reminds me of Wu's sister Wu Chengjia to. About women married to second wife, Ce Shi, son or not there is such a fate. Been called the Kong wife like this, ordinary people would not join the women's Wucheng Jia Shen's family tree, what's to say? Ye Qi two brothers, his brother name Ye Yang. Yoko Ye Zhi, Yu Chongli, Tianshun the Dragon into the soil. According to revelation, "Huai Fu Zhi" volume 16 records, he was "an official external and internal Yan, Shu prison edge please titration, were not dried to private. Li Shou-three counties, diligently due diligence, do not whisk love to innocuous neither to stand in order to invite name. tired workers, criminal two vice-presidents. " The nephew and uncle duo Yip was an important figure. Cotyledon leaf Zhi Quan, whistle River, as Cheng'en tert wife's father. "Sheyang first draft of survival," Volume poem "Send flute River Yetai Wen", volume IV, "He Divone too Joshichi Zhi impaired word", that is, that he made. Ye Quan Family conditions are favorable, father towards Ting Dali, bearing his own shadow to guanglu Temple Code Book (chih "Sanyo County" Book Nine). Very rich uncle Ip, said that Ye Zhi into the official to return home to more than four decades, access for all expenses out of him. Impaired word said, Ye Quan "Office was your son, the Yin Kotoo was, was too tired and go Rural Society survey. A young man like a knot in all kinds of people," Wild Ranger, when its doors; heresy party trick Japan out of its front. "subsequently change the way of life, make all Haineimingshi:" hanging foil while chess, calligraphy and painting command payment to income. Transverse flute, essays and small words, look for odd spring of booths, to avoid the water west of the Museum of Folk. "Financial re-light his life meaning," side of its lack, in the direction of Chu almost forgot lunch; when their abundance, are patrons times at home the public. "Wu Cheng Qian, though his nephew, but because of the celebrities was still by his" gift of the pick-up. "Their friendship is very good. When Ye Quan in Beijing, the Cheng'en poem" Send Di River Habuto husband, "issued" material conditions reward the old hanging from a dream around the T.-P. "deep feeling, to leaf bamboo fish trap" should be read so Son La. "In fact, the leaf Quan Wu Cheng-en big deal than the old. impairment that says Khanh four years (1570) Ye Quan's 70 birthday, then he was born in 1501 when, with the age-Wu Cheng-en if. impaired word said, "I studied under Cheng'en marriage ban four years." phrase it needs to be some discretion. "I" as the "other" in misspelled, but the book says the word "I", "remaining" connected, like the ancients with interchangeable characters, which can be ignored or not throw. "More than four decades "In ancient Chinese means" hanging four years "," close to four decades, "so this sentence is problematic. we will," more than four decades, "Try to be larger for the 38, nine to marry until 1570 Wucheng Si 38, nine, he married the time when the 1532 hectares. This year, the father of Wu had just died, he wrote epitaphs for his father in just to catch up with the "married Yip" This is a bit too mysterious. Moreover, nearly three-year-old Wu Cheng-en the years has had, for a several generations of single-pass, more than 40 years of age in families may only son, I am afraid not to let the kids go to three-year-old, to their own more than 70 close to the day of his death before the child got married. So I think that "more than four years" as the "40 years" mistake. In this case, Cheng'en of marriage age in their twenties before they can justify.
　　En Ye Quan's son leaves for Ka Ching 20 hours into the soil, the official censor, grandson Yeyun Wu, Wanli twenty years in the military would try first. This is the behind of Wu things. In short, this door relatives of Wu is such a situation, it seems better than Shen's family.
　　Wu Cheng-en have several children? Not recorded. He has a son, named Feng Mao, but it is already dead. There are no other children do not know. Chen candle for him as the "New Order flowers", said since the death of Wu, Wu has been "home cooking fire no lack carry on." According to this statement of view of Wu is his family who died last is probably no other children after his death, the chimney does not smoke the child will never be off the fireworks. Even her daughter, then it probably already married. But no material proof of this.
　　Wu Feng Mao's case only the two mentioned first, "Introduction Agency awarded," said: "Cheng'en son of his life that cross the heart also, then re-marriage of friendship." The other is for parents to make the epitaph Shen Kun said: "He is my only restrain, consistent DFI home. I killed son Feng Mao, Ji Jiu You Chang Hsu faint to women." Jiajing 20 before an article is three years (1544) Shen Kun champion three years in the test, the Emperor donated letters to their parents, the mother 60-year-old birthday falls Shen, for whom this celebration. Jia Jing Shen Kun for twenty-three years, the period is the wedding again and again. Jiajing two decades a champion of his own in this year ordered the emperor Patent grant letters to parents and wife, Mei Xu Zhang Kan into this years is still in the soil, his family is in the rising. Wu Cheng-en at this time to provide their children with relatives by marriage, friendship is indeed very highly of Shen Kun Wu Cheng forget things. But if the pro is set several years ago that the former champion Shen Kun in the matter, and perhaps more certain rationality. Then, Feng Mao Birth When Jiajing 10 between one to two decades Jiajing. The second article for the winter in thirty-five years Jiajing (1556), the article has said Feng Mao as a "dead child", shows that he is dead, and may already have for some time. Shen Kun as Tablet, said the parents of three granddaughters, a married Zhouxue Li, the other two may engage the people. The three of them, including of course the man who appointed Wu Feng Xu Shen Kun Mao's daughter, because Feng Mao died, in turn another promise to others. But this past time seems not too long, because commitments also remember the impression of thinking, and this thing Shen Kun wrote the epitaph of the parents to go. Perhaps Feng Mao in 2012 had only just died. But these are all speculation, whether the Wu Feng Mao was born in what year, died in what year, live a little, it is difficult to clear.
　　Above is of Wu's family background and the circumstances described by the simple test, is intended for research, "Journey to the West" and the people of Wu's study reference. Many places are bold speculation, has yet to be discovered new information to correct and full.