xìng: | zhàn | ||||
míng: | lù | ||||
zì: | yuán míng ; mín zé | ||||
wǎngbǐhào: | gān quán ; mò wēng ; wén jiǎn ; gān quán xiān shēng ; gān quán zǐ | ||||
jíguàn: | fú jiàn pú tián | ||||
chūshēngdì: | guǎng dōng zēng chéng gān quán dū | ||||
yuèdòuzhàn ruò shuǐ Zhan Ruoshuizài旅游地理dezuòpǐn!!! yuèdòuzhàn ruò shuǐ Zhan Ruoshuizài百家争鸣dezuòpǐn!!! |
湛若水(1466年11月20日-1560年5月16日),字元明,晚年自号默翁,谥文简,廣東增城人,祖籍福建莆田,明朝理学家。進士出身,曾任南京吏部尚书、南京礼部尚书、南京兵部尚书。初名露,字民泽,避祖讳改名为雨,后定今名。因居广东增城甘泉都,世称甘泉先生、甘泉子。
生平
湛若水明成化二年十月十三日(1466年11月20日)巳時生于广州增城。弘治五年(1492年)乡试中举,弘治十八年(1505年)登乙丑科进士,官至南京礼、吏、兵三部尚书。明嘉靖三十九年四月廿二日(1560年5月16日)逝世于广州禺山精舍,享年94歲,后归葬故乡增城天蚕岭(湛若水墓)。追赠太子少保,谥文简。
湛若水师从陳獻章,是嶺南學派的主要領導人,曾在南嶽衡山紫雲峰下衡岳寺廢址上築樓建宇,名為甘泉精舍,並在此講學,後人又稱之為甘泉書院。“天下靡然從之,號陽明之派曰浙宗,甘泉之派曰廣宗,而王陽明早逝,甘泉獨以高壽作人,學者慕風而至,得以及門為慶倖。”
著作
著有《湛甘泉集》、《格物通》、《三礼经传测》、《春秋正传》等卷。
参考资料
Zhan Ruoshui (Chinese: 湛若水; pinyin: Zhàn Ruòshuǐ; Wade–Giles: Chan Joshui, 1466–1560), was a Chinese philosopher, educator and a Confucian scholar.
Biography
Zhan was born in Zengcheng, Guangdong. He was appointed the president of Nanjing Guozijian (南京國子監, the Imperial Nanjing University) in 1524. He was later appointed the Minister of Department of Li (禮部, Li Bu, which mainly administers national ceremony, sacrifice, imperial examination, education, diplomacy, etc.), Minister of Governmental Personnel (吏部), and then Minister of Military Affairs for War (兵部) at Nanjing of Ming Dynasty.
As a scholar, Zhan is famous for mind theory. He was also a famous educator. In his life he founded and jointly founded more than 40 Shuyuan (書院, Confucian academies).
Zhan was a lifelong friend of the philosopher, general, and administrator Wang Yangming. He shared an appreciation of Lu Xiangshan idealism (xinxue), Daoism, and Buddhism with Wang, although their intellectual paths ultimately diverged.