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zhàn ruò shuǐ Zhan Ruoshui
míng dài  (1466niánshíyīyuè20rì1560niánwǔyuè16rì)
xìng: zhàn
míng:
zì: yuán míng ; mín
wǎngbǐhào: gān quán ; wēng ; wén jiǎn ; gān quán xiān shēng ; gān quán
jíguàn: jiàn tián
chūshēngdì: guǎng dōng zēng chéng gān quán

yóu travel registeryuè yóu xíng
zhé xué kǎo philosophy apprehendjīn tái wèn

yuèdòuzhàn ruò shuǐ Zhan Ruoshuizài旅游地理dezuòpǐn!!!
yuèdòuzhàn ruò shuǐ Zhan Ruoshuizài百家争鸣dezuòpǐn!!!
明代哲学家。字元明,号甘泉。增城(今属广东)人。弘治进士,曾任编修、南京国子监祭酒、礼部侍郎,官至南京礼、吏、兵三部尚书。少师事陈咸章,后与王守仁往来切磋,同时讲学,各立门户。认为“心也者,包乎天地万物之外,而贯夫天地万物之中者也,中外非二也 ”(《心性图说》)。他指出与王守仁“心学”的区别是:“吾之所谓心者,体万物而不遗者也,故无内外;阳明之所谓心者,指腔子里而为言者也,故以吾之说为外”(《答杨少默》)。反对王守仁“致良知”说,认为“天理”“皆发见于日用事物之间”,主张“随处体认天理”。反对“知先行后”说,主张“体认兼知行 ”,“知行并进”。著作有《湛甘泉集》。

湛若水(1466年11月20日-1560年5月16日),元明,晚年自号默翁文简廣東增城人,祖籍福建莆田明朝理学家進士出身,曾任南京吏部尚书南京礼部尚书南京兵部尚书。初名,字民泽避祖讳改名为,后定今名。因居广东增城甘泉都,世称甘泉先生甘泉子

生平

湛若水成化二年十月十三日(1466年11月20日)巳時生于广州增城弘治五年(1492年)乡试中举,弘治十八年(1505年)登乙丑科进士,官至南京三部尚书嘉靖三十九年四月廿二日(1560年5月16日)逝世于广州禺山精舍,享年94歲,后归葬故乡增城天蚕岭(湛若水墓)。追赠太子少保文简。

湛若水师从陳獻章,是嶺南學派的主要領導人,曾在南嶽衡山紫雲峰下衡岳寺廢址上築樓建宇,名為甘泉精舍,並在此講學,後人又稱之為甘泉書院。“天下靡然從之,號陽明之派曰宗,甘泉之派曰宗,而王陽明早逝,甘泉獨以高壽作人,學者慕風而至,得以及門為慶倖。”

著作

著有《湛甘泉集》、《格物通》、《三礼经传测》、《春秋正传》等卷。

参考资料

  1. ^ 黎业明. 湛若水年谱. 上海: 上海古籍出版社. 2009. ISBN 978-7-53255-346-4 (中文(中国大陆)‎).
  2. ^ .《明史》卷283《儒林二·湛若水传》:“拜礼部侍郎。……历南京吏、礼、兵三部尚书。”有誤。《明儒学案》卷37《甘泉学案一·文简湛甘泉先生若水》:“寻升南京祭酒,礼部侍郎,历南京礼、吏、兵三部尚书,致仕。”《献徵录》卷42《南京兵部尚书湛公若水传》:“升礼部侍郎,……累迁南礼、吏、兵三部尚书。”
  3. ^ 陈裕荣. 增城天蚕岭湛若水墓考. 岭南文史. 1991, (03): 20–21 (中文(中国大陆)‎).
  4. ^ 屈大均《廣東新語》卷十《甘泉之學》
  


Zhan Ruoshui (Chinese湛若水pinyinZhàn RuòshuǐWade–GilesChan Joshui, 1466–1560), was a Chinese philosophereducator and a Confucian scholar.

Biography

Zhan was born in Zengcheng, Guangdong. He was appointed the president of Nanjing Guozijian (南京國子監, the Imperial Nanjing University) in 1524. He was later appointed the Minister of Department of Li (禮部, Li Bu, which mainly administers national ceremony, sacrifice, imperial examination, education, diplomacy, etc.), Minister of Governmental Personnel (吏部), and then Minister of Military Affairs for War (兵部) at Nanjing of Ming Dynasty.

As a scholar, Zhan is famous for mind theory. He was also a famous educator. In his life he founded and jointly founded more than 40 Shuyuan (書院, Confucian academies).

Zhan was a lifelong friend of the philosopher, general, and administrator Wang Yangming. He shared an appreciation of Lu Xiangshan idealism (xinxue), Daoism, and Buddhism with Wang, although their intellectual paths ultimately diverged.


    

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